Kongsberg K-Chief 700

Operator Manual
Release 7.3

306681/A
May 2007
Document history
Document number: 306681
Rev. A May 2007 First version.

The reader
This operator manual is intended as a reference manual for the system operator. The manual is a maximum
manual and may contain information not relevant for your vessel.

Note
The information contained in this document remains the sole property of Kongsberg Maritime AS. No
part of this document may be copied or reproduced in any form or by any means, and the information
contained within it is not to be communicated to a third party, without the prior written consent of
Kongsberg Maritime AS.
Kongsberg Maritime AS endeavours to ensure that all information in this document is correct and fairly
stated, but does not accept liability for any errors or omissions.

Warning
The equipment to which this manual applies must only be used for the purpose for which it was
designed. Improper use or maintenance may cause damage to the equipment and/or injury to personnel.
The user must be familiar with the contents of the appropriate manuals before attempting to operate
or work on the equipment.
Kongsberg Maritime disclaims any responsibility for damage or injury caused by improper installation,
use or maintenance of the equipment.

Comments
To assist us in making improvements to the product and to this manual, we welcome comments and
constructive criticism.
e-mail: [email protected]

Kongsberg Maritime AS
P.O.Box 483 Telephone: +47 32 28 50 00
N-3601 Kongsberg, Telefax: +47 32 28 50 10
Norway Service: +47 815 35 355
www.kongsberg.com
 Operator Manual

Table of contents
Glossary....................................................................................................................8
1 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION.................................................... 11
1.1 Where to find K-Chief 700 user documentation .................................................... 11
1.2 K-Chief 700 system outline....................................................................................12
1.3 Decentralised system architecture ..........................................................................13
1.4 Main system components ......................................................................................13
1.4.1 Operator Stations ....................................................................................... 14
1.4.2 Field Stations ............................................................................................. 14
1.4.3 Communication Network ........................................................................... 15
1.4.4 History Station ........................................................................................... 15
1.4.5 Extended Alarm Systems............................................................................. 15
2 USER INTERFACE ........................................................... 17
2.1 Overview ................................................................................................................17
2.1.1 AIM User Guide ......................................................................................... 17
2.1.2 System version information ......................................................................... 19
2.2 Operator Station images .........................................................................................19
2.2.1 Image types ................................................................................................ 20
2.2.2 Image layout............................................................................................... 21
2.2.3 Process images ........................................................................................... 22
2.2.4 Flow Sheet images ...................................................................................... 23
2.2.5 List images................................................................................................. 25
2.2.6 Trend images.............................................................................................. 26
2.2.7 Event List images ....................................................................................... 27
2.2.8 System Status images.................................................................................. 28
2.2.9 PDF images................................................................................................ 29
2.2.10 Multiple images.......................................................................................... 30
2.3 Operator Station panels ..........................................................................................30
2.3.1 Input Panel (INP)........................................................................................ 30
2.3.2 Alarm & Control Panel (ALC)..................................................................... 32
2.3.3 Automation Panel (BU-AUT) ...................................................................... 34
3 BASIC MONITORING AND CONTROL .............................. 36
3.1 Image construction ................................................................................................36
3.1.1 Function module symbols ........................................................................... 36
3.1.2 Pipes ......................................................................................................... 44
3.1.3 Process changes ......................................................................................... 44
3.1.4 Static symbols ........................................................................................... 45
3.1.5 Alarm indicators ........................................................................................ 45
3.2 Operation menu buttons ........................................................................................46
3.3 Analogue measurement modules ...........................................................................47

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3.3.1 Symbols .................................................................................................... 47

3.3.2 Status indications ....................................................................................... 48
3.3.3 Operation menu ......................................................................................... 48
3.3.4 Configuration options ................................................................................. 49
3.4 Exhaust Gas monitoring module ...........................................................................50
3.4.1 Symbols .................................................................................................... 50
3.5 Digital measurement modules ...............................................................................51
3.5.1 Symbols .................................................................................................... 51
3.5.2 Status indications ....................................................................................... 52
3.5.3 Operation menu ......................................................................................... 52
3.5.4 Configuration options ................................................................................. 52
3.6 Pulse measurement modules .................................................................................53
3.6.1 Symbols .................................................................................................... 53
3.6.2 Operation menu ......................................................................................... 54
3.6.3 Configuration options ................................................................................. 55
3.7 Motor/Pump control modules ................................................................................55
3.7.1 Symbols ..................................................................................................... 56
3.7.2 Mode indications ....................................................................................... 57
3.7.3 Status indications ....................................................................................... 57
3.7.4 Single speed electrical Motor/Pump operation menu .................................... 57
3.7.5 Dual speed electrical Motor/Pump operation menu ....................................... 59
3.7.6 Hydraulic-driven Pump operation menu ...................................................... 60
3.7.7 Configuration options ................................................................................. 61
3.7.8 Duty/Standby configuration ........................................................................ 63
3.8 Valve control modules ...........................................................................................63
3.8.1 Symbols ..................................................................................................... 64
3.8.2 Mode indications ....................................................................................... 64
3.8.3 Status indications ....................................................................................... 65
3.8.4 Control Valve operation menu ..................................................................... 65
3.8.5 Throttle Valve operation menu .................................................................... 66
3.8.6 Digital Valve operation menu ...................................................................... 67
3.8.7 Configuration options ................................................................................. 68
3.9 PID Controller modules .........................................................................................69
3.9.1 Symbols .................................................................................................... 69
3.9.2 Mode indications ....................................................................................... 70
3.9.3 Operation menu ......................................................................................... 70
3.9.4 Configuration options ................................................................................. 71
3.10 Sequence control modules .....................................................................................72
3.11 Sequence Step module ...........................................................................................73
3.11.1 Symbol ..................................................................................................... 73
3.11.2 Configuration options ................................................................................. 74
3.12 Sequence Administrator module ...........................................................................75

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3.12.1 Symbol ..................................................................................................... 75

3.12.2 Operation menu ......................................................................................... 76
3.12.3 Configuration options ................................................................................. 77
3.12.4 Control sequence overview ......................................................................... 78
3.13 Sequence Recipe module .......................................................................................79
3.13.1 Symbol ..................................................................................................... 79
3.13.2 Operation menu ......................................................................................... 79
3.13.3 Configuration options ................................................................................. 79
3.14 Sequence Process image ........................................................................................80
4 POWER MANAGEMENT ................................................... 82
4.1 User interface ........................................................................................................83
4.2 Generator Set Process image .................................................................................84
4.3 Generator control module ......................................................................................85
4.3.1 Symbols .................................................................................................... 85
4.3.2 Status indications ....................................................................................... 85
4.3.3 Operation menu ......................................................................................... 87
4.4 Switchboard module ..............................................................................................91
4.4.1 Symbol ..................................................................................................... 92
4.4.2 Operation menu ......................................................................................... 92
4.5 Circuit Breaker module .........................................................................................94
4.5.1 Symbol ..................................................................................................... 95
4.5.2 Mode indications ....................................................................................... 95
4.5.3 Status indications ....................................................................................... 95
4.5.4 Operation menu ......................................................................................... 95
4.6 Consumers .............................................................................................................96
4.7 Typical procedures .................................................................................................96
4.7.1 Defining a "standby" generator ................................................................... 97
4.7.2 Connecting a generator ............................................................................... 97
4.7.3 Failed generator start and reset .................................................................... 98
4.7.4 Alarm start ................................................................................................ 99
4.7.5 Assigning a fixed load .............................................................................. 100
4.7.6 Asymmetric load sharing .......................................................................... 101
4.7.7 Load Dependent start ............................................................................... 101
4.7.8 Load Dependent stop ................................................................................ 102
4.7.9 Consumer Control .................................................................................... 103
5 PROPULSION CONTROL ................................................ 104
5.1 User interface ......................................................................................................105
5.2 Tunnel Thruster Process image ...........................................................................106
5.3 Azimuth Thruster Process image ........................................................................108
5.4 Main Propulsion Process image ..........................................................................109
5.5 Thruster/Propulsion control.................................................................................. 110

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5.5.1 Thruster Start/Stop sequences ....................................................................110

5.5.2 Auxiliary Equipment control ......................................................................111
5.5.3 Pitch control .............................................................................................111
5.5.4 Azimuth control ........................................................................................113
5.5.5 Speed (rpm) control ..................................................................................113
5.5.6 Maintenance mode ....................................................................................113
5.5.7 Safety .......................................................................................................114
5.5.8 Zero pitch .................................................................................................114
5.5.9 Alarm monitoring .....................................................................................114
5.6 Typical procedures ............................................................................................... 114
5.6.1 Starting a thruster ......................................................................................115
5.6.2 Stopping a thruster ....................................................................................115
5.6.3 Changing pitch .........................................................................................116
5.6.4 Changing speed ........................................................................................118
5.6.5 Changing azimuth .....................................................................................118
6 REDUNDANCY AND CRITICALITY ASSESSMENT
SYSTEM......................................................................... 121
6.1 User interface ......................................................................................................122
6.1.1 Mode control ........................................................................................... 122
6.1.2 Equipment State ....................................................................................... 125
6.1.3 Mode transfer .......................................................................................... 128
6.1.4 Event presentation ................................................................................... 129
6.2 State diagrams .....................................................................................................129
6.2.1 Failure analysis......................................................................................... 134
7 CARGO AND BALLAST CONTROL.................................... 136
7.1 Cargo Control ......................................................................................................136
7.2 Ballast Control and Ballast Exchange ..................................................................138
7.3 User interface ......................................................................................................139
7.4 Global Control module ........................................................................................140
7.4.1 Symbol ................................................................................................... 140
7.4.2 Status indications...................................................................................... 140
7.4.3 Operation menu ........................................................................................ 141
7.5 Tank modules........................................................................................................142
7.5.1 Symbols .................................................................................................. 143
7.5.2 Status indications ..................................................................................... 144
7.5.3 Routes ..................................................................................................... 148
7.6 Typical procedures ...............................................................................................148
7.6.1 Filling a tank manually ............................................................................. 148
7.6.2 Automatic emptying to a set limit ............................................................. 149
7.6.3 Interrupting an automatic operation ........................................................... 151
7.6.4 Filling a tank from another tank ................................................................ 152
7.6.5 Converting a level value to weight ............................................................ 152

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8 LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS ............................................ 153

8.1 Cargo control .......................................................................................................154
8.2 Gas handling ........................................................................................................155
8.3 Boiler control/monitoring ....................................................................................157
8.3.1 Control .................................................................................................... 157
8.3.2 Monitoring .............................................................................................. 160
9 EXTENDED ALARM SYSTEMS ......................................... 161
9.1 Watch Calling System ..........................................................................................161
9.1.1 Watch Calling System Overview................................................................ 161
9.1.2 Watch Calling repeat alarm feature............................................................. 162
9.1.3 Watch Bridge Unit .................................................................................... 162
9.1.4 Watch Cabin Unit ..................................................................................... 164
9.2 Operator Fitness Alarm System ...........................................................................166
9.2.1 System Overview...................................................................................... 166
9.2.2 Start Panel................................................................................................ 168
9.2.3 Reset Panel............................................................................................... 168
10 SYSTEM STARTUP AND SHUTDOWN .............................. 169
10.1 System startup .....................................................................................................169
10.1.1 Uninterruptible Power Supply ................................................................... 169
10.1.2 Power Distribution Units .......................................................................... 169
10.1.3 Network Distribution Units ....................................................................... 169
10.1.4 Operator Stations ..................................................................................... 169
10.1.5 Field Stations ........................................................................................... 170
10.2 User log on ...........................................................................................................171
10.2.1 Logging on............................................................................................... 171
10.2.2 Logging on to a different user level ............................................................ 171
10.2.3 Automatic switch to default user on time-out .............................................. 171
10.3 System shutdown .................................................................................................171
10.3.1 Field Stations ........................................................................................... 172
10.3.2 Operator Stations ..................................................................................... 172
10.3.3 Network Distribution Units ....................................................................... 173
10.3.4 Power Distribution Units .......................................................................... 173
10.3.5 Uninterruptible Power Supply ................................................................... 174

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Glossary
AIM Advanced Integrated Multifunction system
ALC Alarm & Control Panel
BIST Built-In Self Test
BU-AUT Business Unit Automation Panel
CAN Controller Area Network
CPU Central Processing Unit
DG Diesel Generator
DO Diesel Oil
DP Dynamic Positioning
ECR Engine Control Room
EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility
EMD European Union Maritime Directive
FO Fuel Oil
FS Field Station
GMS Graphic Modelling System
HFO Heavy Fuel Oil
HS History Station
IMO International Maritime Organization
INP Input Panel
IO, I/O Input/Output
IP Ingress Protection
K-Bridge Kongsberg Bridge System
K-Chief Kongsberg Vessel Control System
K-Gauge Kongsberg Gauging System
K-Pos Kongsberg Dynamic Positioning System
K-Pos PM Kongsberg Position Mooring System
K-Pro Kongsberg Process System
K-Safe Kongsberg Safety System
K-Thrust Kongsberg Thruster Control System
LAN Local Area Network
LCD Liquid Crystal Display
LED Light Emitting Diode
MTBF Mean Time Between Failure
NDU Network Distribution Unit
OS Operator Station

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PC Personal Computer
PDU Power Distribution Unit
PID Proportional Integral Derivative
PMS Power Management System
RCU Remote Controller Unit
RIO Remote Input Output
RPM Revolutions Per Minute
UPS Uninterruptible Power Supply
WBU Watch Bridge Unit
WCU Watch Cabin Unit

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 System Description

1 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

1.1 Where to find K-Chief 700 user documentation

The K-Chief 700 user documentation is described in two media:
1 This K-Chief 700 Operator Manual
2 The electronic AIM User Guide, which is available online.
These two media describe the different parts of the K-Chief 700
system functions as shown in the table below:

Table 1 Information division between K-Chief 700 Operator Manual and AIM User
Guide

K-Chief 700 K-Chief 700 automation applications - Basic Monitoring and

Operator Control, Power Management and other dedicated K-Chief 700
Manual sub-systems
Log on/log off information
Start-up and shut-down information
AIM User Guide Alarms and events
Configuration Report
information for Trend system
the basic AIM
functions is Time series system
included. Command control system
Access control system
I/O system
Various explorers for monitoring of system components and
function modules.
Information on Operator Station, History Station and Field Station
Redundancy
Various utility and auxiliary functions

The online AIM User Guide may be displayed in two ways: a)

from the Help menu/User Guide... or b) by pressing
the keyboard function key F1.
More information on the AIM User Guide is provided in the
User Interface section of this manual.

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1.2 K-Chief 700 system outline

The K-Chief 700 system is a distributed monitoring and control
system which, due to its flexibility and unique architecture, can be
used for a wide range of applications and vessel types. It covers
all the important automation functions onboard the vessel, such
as power, machinery, fluid and thruster/propulsion management.
This system is a framework within which basic functions, specific
applications and custom functions can be installed.
The basic functions are:
• Process and system monitoring
• Historic logging of process values
• Event and alarm monitoring
• Historic logging of events and alarms
• Process control of e.g. Power Management, Cargo and Ballast
Control
• Remote control of field equipment e.g. valves, motors and
pumps.
The main applications are:
• Power Management
• Thruster/Propulsion Control
• Redundancy and Critical Assessment System
• Cargo and Ballast Control
• Extended Alarm Systems e.g. Watch Calling System, Operator
Fitness Alarm System.
Any number of hardware components and application software
modules can be combined to form an optimal solution for a
specific vessel’s requirements and specification.
The K-Chief 700 system can operate as a stand-alone system or it
can be seamlessly integrated with other K-line systems as part of
a larger vessel management system, for example:
• Safety System (K-Safe)
• Dynamic Positioning Systems (K-Pos)
• Position Mooring (K-Pos DPM)
• Thruster Control (K-Thrust)
• Bridge Control (K-Bridge)
• Gauge Systems (K-Gauge).
The integration may result in overlapping control functions
between the systems, which means for example you can run a
thruster from K-Chief 700, K-Thrust and K-Pos systems.

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 System Description

1.3 Decentralised system architecture

Operator Stations provide the Human Machine Interface (HMI).
Single or multiple Operator Stations are located in various
control areas (e.g. CCR, ECR and Bridge).
The process control system is built from intelligent remote control
(RCU) and I/O (RIO) modules. These communicate with each
other on a redundant high capacity process-bus. All monitoring
and automation functions are carried out by the RCUs,
Each RIO module type has a number of analogue and digital
input and output channels. Each individual channel is configured
to match the specific field instrument.
The K-Chief 700 is designed to accept either a “grounded” or
a “floating” earth installation. The latter installation method
is required by SOLAS Regulation 45 for some vessels types.
Floating earth allows coexistence with other systems, and ground
leakage detection.

1.4 Main system components

The system is built up from several basic components. Although,
as an operator, you will primarily be concerned with the Operator
Stations, it is useful to be aware of the other components in the
system.
See also the online AIM User Guide.
The following figure shows a block diagram of the distributed
control system:

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Kongsberg K-Chief 700

Figure 1 Typical K-Chief 700 system configuration

Each of these components is described in the following

paragraphs.

1.4.1 Operator Stations

The Operator Stations (OS) are the main interface between the
operator and the processes that are under the operator’s control.
An OS has three main parts:
• A colour monitor
• An operator panel with buttons and a trackball
• A graphics controller (computer).
These can be installed in a number of different ways, for example
in a standard K-Chief 700 console or as separate units for built-in
or desktop operation. Normally more than one OS will be
installed as part of an K-Chief 700 system. For example, you will
find them on the Bridge, in Central Control Rooms (CCR) and
Engine Control Rooms (ECR).

1.4.2 Field Stations

The Field Stations (FS) are combined field interface and
processing units. They are related to particular pieces of
equipment and provide the interface between the system
and the physical equipment. An FS will also contain the
software description of the equipment it is linked to. They are
normally located as close as possible to the field equipment and
instrumentation that is being controlled and monitored.

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 System Description

Remote Controller Unit

The Remote Controller Unit (RCU) runs the application
program of a process control system and interfaces to different
bus systems. It is also provided with network interfaces for
redundancy configurations.

Distributed processing
The system is a distributed processing system due to the fact that
the process control functions are defined locally in the FSs, not
centrally in the OSs. Because the OSs are process independent,
they can be located anywhere on a vessel. This also means that
each OS is capable of controlling any process, provided that it
has control of the appropriate Command Group and the user is
logged on with sufficient access rights.
Each OS has a hard disk containing the software files for the
actual vessel installation. Process variable and parameter
values to be displayed by the OSs are generated in the FSs and
transferred to each OS on request. This means, what you see on
an OS screen is assembled directly from all the FSs.

1.4.3 Communication Network

The communication network, or AIM network, is a
dual-redundant Local Area Network (LAN) that interconnects
the Operator-, History- and Field Stations. All communication
between the operator and the equipment being controlled
takes place over this network. The AIM network includes the
distribution units, which are cabinets housing a network switch
or hub unit for the process network. Each distribution unit
comprises one or more units and an optional patch panel.
Operator Stations and History Stations may also be a part of an
external network, which may include other systems and printers.

1.4.4 History Station

A History Station (HS) is a specific computer connected to
the network and contains the historical database that stores
a historical time series of process variable measurements
(samples). These time series are mainly used internally by the
system to present time series in historical trends and reports at
the Operator Stations.

1.4.5 Extended Alarm Systems

These systems are Watch Calling Systems and Operator Fitness
Alarm Systems.

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Watch Calling System

The Watch Calling (WC) System is part of the alarm and
monitoring function of the K-Chief 700 system. It is designed
to allow the engine room to be periodically unmanned. The WC
System is compliant with classification societies’ requirement for
unmanned engine room operation.
See section Watch Calling System on page 161 for details.

Operator Fitness Alarm System

The Operator Fitness Alarm System (OFAS) is part of the alarm
and monitoring function of the K-Chief 700 system. The OFAS
panels are located in strategic areas or rooms onboard the vessel.
OFAS is also known as “dead man alarm system” and “patrol
man alarm system”.
See section Operator Fitness Alarm System on page 166 for
details.

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2 USER INTERFACE

2.1 Overview
TheK-Chief 700 user interface is a colour monitor screen, an
Operator panel and an alphanumeric keyboard. The screen
displays the K-Chief 700 images and the Operator panel is used
to interact with those images. The alphanumeric keyboard is
used for set-up and configuration purposes.
This topic covers all the elements of the interface. It describes the
use of the Operator panel, how to access and select alphanumeric
keyboard operation, and gives an overview of the different
images available.
See also AIM User Guide on page 17 and the Operator Station
topic in the online AIM User Guide.

2.1.1 AIM User Guide

The AIM User Guide is an online reference for all personnel who
are involved in operation and configuration of the AIM-2000
system (the basic system on which this K-Chief 700 system is
built). The introduction section in the user guide contains all the
necessary instructions for the usage of the user guide.
The AIM User Guide may be displayed in two different ways,
either by a) using the command on the Help menu, or b) by using
the keyboard F1 function button.

2.1.1.1 Using the command on the Help menu

When the User Guide... command on the Help menu is
clicked, the user guide is displayed in a standard HTML Help
viewer (two-pane window), see the figure below.

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Figure 2 The AIM User Guide HTML Help viewer

The wanted subject - a description of a function, a procedure or

specific reference information - may be found by either:
1 Opening the →Contents tab and selecting the applicable
table of contents entry.
2 Opening the →Search tab and type in the applicable text
string and start a search for this text string.
Normal When the User Guide HTML Help viewer is displayed, a User
Guide button is added to the end of the toolbar of the currently
displayed K-Chief 700 image. This button allows you to
minimise and re-display the viewer as required.
Option-set When the User Guide HTML Help viewer is being displayed, the
User Guide button is displayed with an option-set appearance.
Clicking this button, when displayed as option-set, minimises
the User Guide HTML Help viewer and changes the button
appearance back to normal.

2.1.1.2 Using the keyboard F1 function button

The keyboard F1 function button may be used to display the
AIM User Guide.
Two display options apply:

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• If the F1 button is pressed when no dialog is in focus, the AIM

User Guide is displayed as described above.
• If the F1 button is pressed when a dialog is in focus, the
AIM User Guide is displayed with the page that contains the
reference information for the dialog open. The navigation
pane, containing the →Contents and →Search tabs, is closed.
The toggle button Hide/Show is in Show mode. Clicking this
button opens the AIM User Guide navigation pane.

2.1.2 System version information

Details of the K-Chief 700 system that is installed on the OS
may be displayed by means of clicking the About AIM OS
command on the Help menu. The AIM User Guide - see below -
contains descriptions of this system information feature.

2.2 Operator Station images

Views of the process areas are displayed on the colour monitor
of an OS. These views, or images, show all or part of a process
using standard symbols to represent the process equipment (for
example, valves and motors). The dynamics of the process will
be shown using colours to represent what is currently happening.
Events (alarms and messages) are also shown on general views,
as well as having their own specific views.
This information is displayed via the following views, images or
explorers:
• Module Parameters that show all the adjustable parameters
of the function module.
• Module Terminals that show the software connection
terminals of the function module together with their signal
values.
• Show Connection that shows the software connections to and
from the function module terminals.
• Alarm Configuration that shows the alarm limits set for the
function module.
• PBUS IO image that shows the I/O units configurations,
status and connections of the function module terminals.
• Module Status that shows the operational configuration of the
function module.
• Time Series Explorer that allows you to manage function
module terminal and parameter time series.
• Station Explorer, which provides you with physical
equipment system status information for all FSs that are
comprised in the configuration.

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How processes are displayed and controlled

The number of images in a system depends on the amount of
equipment under K-Chief 700 control. The system is designed
to let you select images that give varying levels of detail about
a process.
When you select an image that shows an overall process (for
example, Power Management), it is possible that there is not
enough space to display all the detail on a single image. The
K-Chief 700 system will therefore have a number of images,
which are linked to the main image via hot-spots or View panel
buttons, that show this level of details.
Normally, no more than a maximum of two image levels will be
used, although more can be used if required. Eventually you
will reach a point where there is no more detail (i.e. at the level
of a single function module).
The concepts behind images are central to understanding how
a K-Chief 700 system works. They are briefly described in
the User Interface section User Interface on page 17 and in
more detail in the Basic Monitoring and Control section Basic
Monitoring and Control on page 36.

2.2.1 Image types

The various types of K-Chief 700 images are as follows:
• Process
• Flow Sheet
• List
• Trend
• Event List
• System Status
• PDF
• Multiple
For K-Chief 700 image details for the different topics, see the
online AIM User Guide.

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2.2.2 Image layout

The K-Chief 700 images shown on the main colour monitor
screen are displayed in a Primary image-window that is divided
into a number of fixed areas. Each of these areas has a separate
function and is updated independently of the others. They
contain information about the process and information for the
operator. The information displayed varies according to the type
of command or task being performed.
The arrangement of these areas is shown in the following figure:

Figure 3 K-Chief 700 view layout

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2.2.3 Process images

The Process images offer enhanced graphical presentation of a
process. The operator interacts with graphical elements using
the various elements’ operation menus. Graphical elements
represent process components such as pumps, motors, valves, or
switches. Process values and alarms are displayed together with
the element they represent.
A graphical element represents detailed information relating to a
software function module that represents a process component
such as an instrument, an electrical motor, a valve or a pump.
An example of a Process image, in this case for the Power
Management application, is shown in the following figure:

Figure 4 Process view

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2.2.4 Flow Sheet images

Flow Sheet images have the standard K-Chief 700 image layout
and, like Process images, are graphic representations of physical
parts of the vessel process.
The main difference between a Flow Sheet image and a Process
image is the techniques that are used to create them and the way
in which the vessel process information is presented in the image
area.
In addition, the Flow Sheet image supports zoom and information
level display functions that are not found in Process images.
There are also scroll bars on the Image area for moving around
the Flow Sheet process map.
The position and size of the scroll boxes on the horizontal and
vertical scroll bars indicate the location and size of the displayed
part of the vessel process within the Flow Sheet process map.
Note
Flow Sheet images should not be used as the user interface
when operating the K-Chief 700 system because they are for
application software configuration only.

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Kongsberg K-Chief 700

An example of a Flow Sheet image, in this case for the Power

Management application, is shown in the following figure:

Figure 5 Flow Sheet image

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2.2.5 List images

The List image provides the user with a simple way of setting up
tabular views containing selected information from the modules
(tags) in the system.
The following figure shows an example of motor status and
running hours.

Figure 6 List image

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2.2.6 Trend images

A Trend image fills the main view area. It may contain several
trends, which may be a mixture of XY Trends and Time Trends.
Each trend may in its turn contain several trend curves.
An example of a Trend image containing four trends is shown
in the following figure.

Figure 7 Trend image

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2.2.7 Event List images

An event is a notification to the operator of some condition in the
system or the controlled process that may need attention. Which
events are to be notified to the operator, depends on which list
is displayed and which filter is selected.
An example of an Event image is shown in the following figure.

Figure 8 Event List image

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2.2.8 System Status images

The System Status images show operational status information
about the Process Stations (PS), the History Stations (HS) and the
Operator Stations (OS) in the automation system. They also show
information on communication with other equipment connected
to the communication network and connected via serial lines.
An example of an System Status image is shown in the following
figure.

Figure 9 System Status image

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2.2.9 PDF images

PDF images are used to display standard PDF pages.
An example of a PDF image is shown in the following figure.

Figure 10 PDF image

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2.2.10 Multiple images

Multiple images are used to display several images on the screen
simultaneously.
An example of Multiple images is shown in the following figure.

Figure 11 Multiple image

2.3 Operator Station panels

The Operator panel is used to interact with the view and control
the process. This is normally done using the trackball and its
associated buttons to point at and click on symbols and menus.

2.3.1 Input Panel (INP)

2.3.1.1 Understanding the INP

The INP is a specially designed keyboard which provides easy
access to the operator functions.
The following illustration shows the layout of the INP. The
different buttons found on the panel are explained below.

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Figure 12 Input Panel (INP) layout

2.3.1.2 INPUT group buttons and lamp(s)

The INPUT group comprises 19 buttons. One of these has a
lamp. This is the abc... (toggle) button.
• 2 / abc
If the button is pressed when the panel is in numeric mode, the
number 2 will be entered. When the panel is in alphanumeric
mode the letter A will be entered. You need to press the button
two times to enter the letter B and three times to enter the
letter C.
• abc... (toggle button)
Toggles between numeric and alphanumeric mode. Numeric
mode is default. Press the button for one second to toggle. A
short beep will confirm the change. The lamp is lit green when
the panel is in alphanumeric mode (letters) and not lit when
in numeric mode (numbers).
• PAGE UP
Same function as on a standard keyboard.
The lamp intensity can be adjusted from the computer.
2.3.1.3 Trackball
The trackball comprises one rollerball and seven buttons. Three
of these buttons are the mouse buttons in front. The other four
are located on each side of the rollerball.

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• Rollerball
This is used for navigation on the screen.
• Mouse buttons
Same function as an ordinary PC-mouse.
• Arrow buttons
These buttons work like arrow buttons on an ordinary
alphanumeric keyboard.

2.3.1.4 Backlight
The backlight is integrated in the panel film and has yellow
colour. The backlight intensity can be adjusted from the computer
via USB, and the function is implemented in the module using
PWM.

2.3.1.5 Temperature sensor

A temperature sensor is provided within the module to monitor
the operation temperature. If the temperature rises above a
specified and configured limit, a system alarm is given.

2.3.2 Alarm & Control Panel (ALC)

2.3.2.1 Understanding the ALC

The ALC is a specially designed keyboard which provides easy
access to the operator functions.
The following illustration shows the layout of the ALC. The
different buttons found on the panel are explained below.

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Figure 13 Alarm & Control Panel (ALC) layout

2.3.2.2 PANEL group lamps

The PANEL group comprises two lamps.
• POWER
The lamp is lit green when power is OK.
• FAULT
The lamp is lit red when lost contact with the computer, else it
is off.

2.3.2.3 COMMAND group buttons and lamps

The COMMAND group comprises two buttons with lamps and
one button without lamp.
• TAKE
This button needs a double-press for activation. This means
that it must be pressed twice within a limited period of time to
be activated.
When the button is activated it provides a signal to the
computer. The lamp is lit green when button has been
activated.
• GIVE
The button, when activated, provides a signal to the computer.
The lamp is lit green when button has been activated.

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• STATUS
The button, when activated, provides a signal to the computer.

2.3.2.4 ALARM group buttons and lamps

The ALARM group comprises one lamp, three buttons without
lamp.
• ALARM
The lamp is blinking red when an alarm has been detected.
The lamp is steadily lit when the ACK button has been pressed
and the alarm is still active.
• ACK
The button, when activated, provides a signal to the computer.
• “SILENCE"
(CD090109)
The button, when pressed, silences the buzzer locally and
provides a signal to the computer.
• ALARM VIEW
The button, when activated, provides a signal to the computer.

2.3.2.5 Backlight
The backlight is integrated in the panel film and has yellow
colour. The backlight intensity can be adjusted from the computer
via USB and is implemented locally using PWM.

2.3.2.6 Buzzer
There are three buzzers. All are controlled by the local controller.
On of them is, in addition, controlled directly by power. If power
is lost, an alarm sounds for at least 60 seconds. The sound
intensity is controlled by the number of buzzers activated, and the
intensity setting can be configured. The sounder can be silenced
both when power is lost and by the local controller.

2.3.2.7 Temperature sensor

A temperature sensor is provided within the module to monitor
the operation temperature. If the temperature rises above a
specified and configured limit, a system alarm is given.

2.3.3 Automation Panel (BU-AUT)

2.3.3.1 Understanding the BU-AUT
The BU-AUT is a specially designed keyboard which provides
easy access to the operator functions.
The following illustration shows the layout of the BU-AUT. The
different buttons found on the panel are explained below.

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Figure 14 Automation Panel (BU-AUT) layout

2.3.3.2 VIEWS group buttons and lamps

The VIEWS group comprises 28 buttons and lamps which are all
configurable.
When a button is pressed, a signal is sent to the computer to
activate (or enable) the button’s associated function. Buttons that
are not configured do not report anything when pressed.
If an alarm occurs which has an associated lamp, the lamp is lit.

2.3.3.3 Backlight
The backlight is integrated in the panel film and has yellow
colour. The backlight intensity can be adjusted from the computer
via USB and the function is implemented in the module using
PWM.

2.3.3.4 Temperature sensor

A temperature sensor is provided within the module to monitor
the operation temperature. If the temperature rises above a
specified limit, a system alarm is given.

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3 BASIC MONITORING AND CONTROL

Basic Monitoring and Control is performed by standard software
modules used universally by the different applications within
the K-Chief 700 system.
The basic function modules are:
• Operation menu buttons
• Analogue measurement modules
• Digital measurement modules
• Pulse measurement modules
• Motor/Pump control modules
• Valve control modules
• PID controller modules
• Sequence control modules.

3.1 Image construction

All Process and Flow Sheet images are constructed from a set of
standard function modules. What you see on the screen are the
symbols associated with these function modules; measurements,
valves, motors and so on.
Later in this section you will find descriptions of the standard
function modules. These descriptions give details of the function
modules’ behaviour and the commands that can be used on them.
The key thing to remember is that although the symbols on the
screen may look the same, it is the function module’s internal
parameter values that determine its behaviour.
The nature of the standard functions means that in many cases
the function modules will behave in very similar ways. For
example, most valves will open and close. The real differences
are where a function module has logic interlocks implemented
that override its normal functions during certain conditions. A
typical example is the prevention of a motor start when its output
flow control valve is closed.
When you use the K-Chief 700 system, you will not be concerned
with setting parameter values for function modules. The
configuration of your own system is described in the vessel’s
K-Chief 700 Functional Design Specification.

3.1.1 Function module symbols

The function module symbols indicate operational mode and
status by means of tag mark characters and changes in colour
and appearance.
Some of the most common function module symbols used within
the K-Chief 700 system are shown in the following figure:

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Figure 15 Common function module symbols

3.1.1.1 Operation menu

Pressing the left trackball button when the cursor is over a
function module symbol will open its operation menu (if it has
one). The layout of this menu will be similar to that shown in the
following figure:

Figure 16 Module operation menu

The Tag name of the item of equipment that the function module
controls is displayed in the title bar of the module operation
menu.
Note
The operation menu may differ depending on the software version
of the function module in question.

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This menu is used to operate function modules (and therefore the

equipment they represent) within an image. The commands on
the menu reflect the actions that can be performed and therefore
depend on the item of equipment that the selected function
module represents.
The Acknowledge button only becomes available (with black
button text) when unacknowledged alarms are active for the
function module concerned. Clicking this button acknowledges
all active unacknowledged alarms for the module.
The Pin is used to anchor the operation menu at a set place on
the screen. This is a toggle on/off function.
The Arrowhead right and Arrowhead down are used to expand
the operation menu in the horizontal and vertical direction
respectively. Note that all operation menus are not expandable.

Figure 17 Module operation menu horizontally expanded

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Figure 18 Module operation menu horizontally and vertically

expanded

If a command cannot be used due to the current operational status

of the equipment being controlled by the function module, the
corresponding button on the module operation menu will be
blank. For example, if a motor is being automatically controlled
(i.e. in the Auto mode), the Stop and Start commands will not be
available and the STOP and START buttons will become blank as
shown in the following figure:

Figure 19 Module operation menu with unavailable commands

removed

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If the Manual mode is selected (by clicking the MANUAL button)

the Stop and Start commands become available and the
STOP and START buttons will have text.

3.1.1.2 Shortcut menu

Pressing the right trackball button when a function module is
selected, will open its shortcut menu. This menu gives you access
to the settings for that function module and any other images in
which the function module is configured.
Similarly, clicking the Module command on the pop-up shortcut
menu of an Event List view or Event List pop-up page for an
event that has been generated by a process variable will open a
slightly different version of the module shortcut menu.
An example of these two versions of the module shortcut menu is
shown in the following figure:

Figure 20 Module shortcut menus

The commands on these menus are:

• Operate that displays the operation menu for the selected
function module (see Operation menu on page 37). Only
applicable for the Event List view and Event List pop-up.
• Parameter View that allows you to view and change the
parameter configuration of the selected function module (see
Module Editor topic in the online AIM User Guide).

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• Terminal View that allows you to view and change the

signal values on the terminals of the selected function module
(see Flow system topic in the online AIM User Guide).
• Schematics.... that allows you to view function
modules and the connections between them - also refer to the
Show Connections command below (see the Schematics
chapter in the online AIM User Guide).
• Show Connection that allows you to view and trace the
connections to and from the function module input and output
terminals (see Show connections topic in the online AIM User
Guide).
• Alarm Limits that allows you to view and change the
alarm limits on the terminals of the selected function module.
The facility for changing alarm limits is only available when
you are logged on as an authorised user (see Alarm Limits
topic in the online AIM User Guide).
• IO Point Browser that allows you to gather and display
information on any IO point related to the browse criteria
entered on the selected station (see IO system topic in the
online AIM User Guide).
• Module Modes that allows you to view and change the
operational mode of the function module. The facility for
changing operational modes is only available when you are
logged on as an authorised user (see Module Editor topic in
the online AIM User Guide).
• Time Series that allows you to display, create, delete
and edit time series from a function module terminal or
log-variable of a function module running in a FS (see Time
series topic in the online AIM User Guide).
• Configuration Events allows you to view events
generated by configuration changes on the selected function
module (see Event system and Version control topics in the
online AIM User Guide).
• Trend that, if applicable, displays a submenu containing the
names of the Trend image(s) to which the selected function
module is connected (see Trend system topic in the online
AIM User Guide).
• Process that, if applicable, displays a submenu containing
the names of all the other Process images in which the selected
function module is configured.
• Flow Sheet that displays the Flow Sheet image in which
the selected function module is configured (see Flow system
topic in the online AIM User Guide).

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The menu will always contain the same commands, but those
available will depend on the function module symbol selected
and the user group to which your user name is assigned.
If you are logged on as a member of the Users user group, the
Alarm Limits and Module Status commands will be
unavailable.

3.1.1.3 Mode indications

Many of the process elements in the K-Chief 700 system can be
operated in various modes. To display the mode that a process
element is in, a tag mark character is displayed next to its function
module symbol. The characters used and their colours are:
a " " (blank space) or a white "m" - Manual mode.
a green "a" - Auto mode
a cyan "d" - disabled
a green "e" - external
a cyan "f" - Follow or Freeze mode
a cyan "i" - interlocked
a cyan "l" or "L" - Local mode
a cyan "o" - overridden
a magenta "t" - tripped.

3.1.1.4 Module status indications

The status of a function module is indicated by a small coloured
square that is either located next to or within its module symbol.
The various module states that can be indicated are listed in the
following table:

Table 2 Module status indications

Module State Indicator

Unacknowledged alarm Flashing indicator with the colour
according to its alarm priority,
see note 1.
Acknowledged alarm Steady indicator with the colour
according to its alarm priority,
see note 1.
Suppressed alarm Steady Cyan indicator
(implemented by control logic).
Disabled alarm Steady Cyan indicator
(implemented by operator,
see note 2.)

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Table 2 Module status indications (cont’d.)

Module State Indicator

Disabled input Steady Cyan indicator
(implemented by operator,
see note 2.)
Disabled output Steady Cyan indicator
(implemented by operator,
see note 2.)
Passive module (not active) Steady Brown indicator
(implemented by operator,
see note 2.)

Note
1: see Station Status topic in the online AIM User Guide.
2: see Module Editor topic in the online AIM User Guide.

3.1.1.5 Process status indications

The dynamics of a process are shown by changing the colour of
the module symbols in an image. For example, the colour of a
motor module symbol will be White when it is stopped, Yellow
when it is starting up or shutting down (to indicate that it is in a
transient state) and Green when running and fully operational.
Further details about indicating status by using module symbol
colours are given later in this section and, if applicable, in the
application sections of this manual.
An overview of the standard function module symbol colours
used to indicate process status is listed in the following table:

Table 3 Standard process status colours

Symbol White Yellow Green

Motor Stopped Transient/Undefined Running
Pump Stopped Transient/Undefined Running
Valve Closed Transient/Undefined Open
Generator Stopped Transient/Undefined Running
Circuit Breaker Open Transient/Undefined Closed

Note
Process status colours are configurable.

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3.1.2 Pipes
Lines in images, representing pipes carrying fluids, can be
coloured to indicate content.
The standard colours used to indicate pipe content are listed in
the following table:

Table 4 Standard pipe content colours

Pipe Colour Fluid

Blue Fresh water or condensate
Brown Heavy fuel oil or crude oil
Cyan or Light Compressed air
Blue
Green Sea water, ballast water or bilge water
Red Steam
White Chemicals, inert gas or methanol
Yellow Lubrication oil, hydraulic oil or diesel oil

Note
Pipe colours are configurable.

3.1.3 Process changes

As an option, lines representing electrical lines and pipes can
be made to change colour in order to indicate a change in the
process.
The standard colours used to indicate process change are listed
in the following table:

Table 5 Standard process change colours

Process Colour Status

Power Plant Light Grey Bus bar dead
Green Bus bar live
Ballast System Light Grey No flow in the pipe
Green Flow in the pipe
Cargo System Light Grey No flow in the pipe
Brown Flow in the pipe

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3.1.4 Static symbols

Static symbols are those which appear in images only for
information purposes. These are typically passive elements in the
process such as Heat Exchangers and Filters. They appear in the
image so that an accurate picture of the whole process is shown.
The nature of this type of equipment means that the K-Chief 700
system has no influence over its operation and therefore clicking
a static symbol will have no effect.
Colour changes may occur according to other equipment under
K-Chief 700 control. For example, when a valve is opened and
water flows into a heat exchanger, the valve may change colour
to indicate fluid flow.
Some of the most common static symbols used in Process images
are shown in the following figure:

Figure 21 Common static symbols

3.1.5 Alarm indicators

Alarms can be displayed in a view as:
• A square alarm indicator next to a symbol. This indicator will
not usually be visible or will have the same colour as the view
background until an alarm condition occurs.
• A background colour of a numeric or text field.
• A square status indicator preceding a text field.
• The colour of a bar graph indicator and the background colour
of its numeric value field.
If an alarm condition arises, the colour of the corresponding
alarm indicator will flash until the alarm has been acknowledged.
Examples of how these four different indicators are implemented
in views is shown in the following figure:

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Figure 22 Alarm indicators

3.2 Operation menu buttons

There are two types of operation menu buttons that can appear in
an image:
• Toggle button ("click on" and "click off") which, when
clicked, selects an option.
• Action button which, when clicked, invokes an action.
The Toggle type of button is controlled by a Digital manual input
module which may or may not, depending on its configuration,
have an operation menu (see Operation of Toggle and Action
buttons on page 47).
The Action type of button is controlled by an analogue manual
input module which does not have an operation menu available
in Process images.
The operation of these buttons is illustrated in the following
figure:

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Figure 23 Operation of Toggle and Action buttons

3.3 Analogue measurement modules

Analogue measurements appear throughout the K-Chief 700
system. They can be as simple as a numeric field displaying
a single value or as complex as a multiple bar chart showing
deviation from a mean value.
Analog measurement modules are used to display measured
analogue process values such as temperatures, pressures, power
consumptions and setpoints.

3.3.1 Symbols
A selection of how analogue measurement modules may be
represented by symbols is shown in the following figure:

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Figure 24 Analogue measurement module symbols

3.3.2 Status indications

When the signal limit function is inhibited or alarm suppression
is enabled, the background colour of the numeric value field
within an analogue measurement module symbol will be cyan.
This field is also used to indicate alarm status.

3.3.3 Operation menu

Note
The operation menu may differ depending on the software version
of the function module in question.

The commands on the operation menu of an analogue

measurement module may be as shown in the figure below to
the left.
The command buttons allow you to:
• turn off (disable) or turn on (enable) the alarm suppression
function when it is active. The disable command will
automatically expire after 10 minutes.

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Figure 25 Analogue measurements operation menu

3.3.4 Configuration options

During system configuration, one or more of the following
functions may have been configured for the analogue
measurement modules:
• Input signal limits
• Alarm suppression
• IO failure
• Event generation.
The status of these functions can be viewed and changed using
the commands on the module shortcut menu (see Shortcut menu
on page 40) that gives you access to the module set-up facilities.

3.3.4.1 Input signal limits

Analogue measurement modules have High High, High, Low and
Low Low limits for the measured input signals that cause digital
limit signals to be given when exceeded. These input signal
limits can be individually enabled/disabled and made to follow
the defined alarm limits. There is also a delay to filter small

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spikes on the input signal, which can be externally inhibited

(from another module) and is totally independent of the alarm
suppression function.
The digital limit signals can be used in control logic within the
system.

3.3.4.2 Alarm suppression

Analog measurement modules have an alarm suppression
function that is activated/reset externally from other modules.
It is normally used to prevent the generation of alarms from
monitored equipment that is not operational, i.e. not running.
The resetting of this function can be delayed by a configurable
time (see Event system topic and Alarms and messages topic in
the online AIM User Guide).

3.3.4.3 IO failure
Analogue measurement modules have an IO failure function
that controls the value shown in the numeric value field when a
failure is detected by the IO self-test system. If an IO failure is
detected, the displayed value will be one of the following:
• Frozen at the last legal input value (default).
• Set to a configurable fixed value.
• Based on the measured input signal value and the IO failure
status ignored.
See IO system topic and Alarms and messages topic in the online
AIM User Guide.

3.3.4.4 Event generation

Analogue measurement modules have an event generation
function that generates an event each time the measured input
value passes a limit defined by a specified step value and when
an IO failure is detected (see Event system topic in the online
AIM User Guide).

3.4 Exhaust Gas monitoring module

The Exhaust Gas monitoring module is a special analogue
monitoring module for combustion engines. It is used to show
the exhaust gas temperature for each cylinder and by how much
these temperatures deviate from the calculated mean temperature.

3.4.1 Symbols
A set of measured analogue values is used to indicate the exhaust
gas temperatures of each cylinder of the engine as shown in a
typical symbol in the following figure:

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Figure 26 Exhaust Gas Temperatures

A set of bar graphs are used to indicate the exhaust gas

temperature deviation from the calculated mean temperature for
each cylinder of the engine as shown in a typical symbol in the
following figure:

Figure 27 Exhaust Gas Temperature Deviation

An illustration that explains how to interpret the bar chart

indications for the exhaust gas temperature deviations is shown
in the following figure:

Figure 28 Deviation alarm limit indications

3.5 Digital measurement modules

Digital measurement modules are normally used to indicate
digital alarms but can also be used to indicate the status of
equipment such as pumps, motors, valves and switches.

3.5.1 Symbols
An example of how Digital measurement modules may be
represented by symbols is shown in the following figure:

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Figure 29 Digital measurement module symbols

Alternatively, a Digital measurement module may be represented

by a pump, motor, valve or switch symbol that changes colour to
indicate an operational status (see Process status indications on
page 43).

3.5.2 Status indications

When a Digital measurement module is inhibited or alarm
suppression is enabled (alarms disabled), the colour of its status
indicator in the module symbol will be Cyan.

3.5.3 Operation menu

Note
The operation menu may differ depending on the software version
of the function module in question.

The commands on the operation menu of a Digital measurement

Figure 30 Digital module may be as shown in the figure to the left.
measurements
The command buttons allow you to:
operation menu
(The SHOW VALUE button is not used, at this point in time).
• test a value and to input a digital measurement status that will
be displayed in the Process image provided that the function
module and its FS are in the Simulation mode (see Module
Editor topic in the online AIM User Guide).
• inhibit and toggle the module inhibit function on and off.
When the module operation menu is opened, the button text
indicates the state that can be selected.

3.5.4 Configuration options

During system configuration, one or more of the following
functions may have been configured for the Digital measurement
modules:
• Alarm delay
• Alarm suppression

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• Text string
• Module inhibit.
The status of these functions can be viewed and changed using
the commands on the module shortcut menu (see Shortcut menu
on page 40) that gives you access to the module set-up facilities.
3.5.4.1 Alarm delay
Digital measurement modules have a configurable alarm delay
function that prevents short-duration signal changes from
generating alarms.
3.5.4.2 Alarm suppression
Digital measurement modules have an alarm suppression
function that is enabled/disabled externally from other modules.
It has two types of suppression, one that sets the output signals
to "logical 0" and one that sets the output signals to "logical 1".
The resetting of this function can be delayed by a configurable
time (see Event system topic and Alarms and messages topic in
the online AIM User Guide).
3.5.4.3 Text string
Digital measurement modules have a text string function that
displays one of two configurable text strings. The displayed text
string is controlled by the logical state of the module’s output
signal.
3.5.4.4 Module inhibit
The module inhibit function, which is manually controlled via
the INHIBIT ON/INHIBIT OFF command on the module
operation menu, can also be enabled/disabled externally by other
function modules.

3.6 Pulse measurement modules

Pulse measurement modules are used to read pulse signals and
calculate accumulated values and frequency. Although these
modules are designed to read pulse signals for applications such
as engine speed or fluid flow, they can also be used to read normal
analogue measurements and count running hours.
Accumulated values are calculated on raw input, and total
accumulated values are calculated from the last reset. Also last
day and last hour values are calculated for both the current day
and hour, and previous day and hour.

3.6.1 Symbols
An example of how a Pulse measurement module may be
represented by symbols is shown in the following figure:

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Figure 31 Pulse measurement module symbol

3.6.2 Operation menu

Note
The operation menu may differ depending on the software version
of the function module in question.

The commands on the operation menu of a Pulse measurement

module may be as shown in the figure below to the left.
The command buttons allow you to:
• reset the accumulated value to zero.
• set a value to the function module. The set value is set via the
Numeric input dialog box. The command is only available in
the Manual mode.
• increment or decrement the total accumulated value by 1.

Figure 32 Pulse measurements operation menu

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3.6.3 Configuration options

During system configuration one or more of the following
functions may have been configured for the Pulse measurement
modules:
• Pulse counting
• Block operation
• Count running hours.
The status of these functions can be viewed and changed using
the commands on the module shortcut menu (see Shortcut menu
on page 40) that gives you access to the module set-up facilities.

3.6.3.1 Pulse counting

Pulse measurement modules are designed to read pulse signals
from e.g. RDIOR4xx modules. The read value, which is the
number of pulses for each sample, can be filtered and the
frequency calculated.
Values for the number of pulses per unit, gain and bias are
used to calculate the value for the number of units per sample.
The frequency is calculated as a number of units per second,
minute and hour based on a filtered value. The frequency is also
compared with five different limits, and if any of these limits
are exceeded over a specified period, a corresponding digital
output is set to 1.

3.6.3.2 Block operation

The operation menu commands can be blocked. If this option is
selected the RESET, INCREMENT and DECREMENT command
buttons on the operation menu become unavailable and the SET
VALUE command is disabled.

3.6.3.3 Count running hours

Pulse measurement modules count running hours when the input
value is set to either 1.0 or 0.0 (depending on whether or not the
system is running). The pulse per unit is set to 3600, the gain is
set to 1 and the module cycle time is set to 1 second.

3.7 Motor/Pump control modules

All motors and pumps in the K-Chief 700 system are supported
by function modules that provide control of single- and
dual-speed electrical motors/pumps, and hydraulic-driven pumps.
These function modules are interfaced to the local starter panel
of their respective motor/pump.
The basic functions of these function modules cover auto/manual
control, local/remote control, control logic interlocking, power
demand, standby start, restart after blackout and shutdown.

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3.7.1 Symbols
A Motor/Pump control function module is represented
graphically by a symbol accompanied by a tag mark character
that indicates the current operational mode of the motor/pump.

3.7.1.1 Single speed electrical Motor/Pump

The symbols for single speed electrical Motor/Pump modules are
shown in the following figure:

Figure 33 Single speed electrical Motor/pump module symbols

3.7.1.2 Dual speed electrical Motor/Pump

The symbols for dual speed electrical Motor/Pump modules are
shown in the following figure:

Figure 34 Dual speed electrical Motor/pump module symbols

3.7.1.3 Hydraulic-driven Pump

The symbols for hydraulic-driven Pump modules are shown in
the following figure:

Figure 35 Hydraulic-driven Pump module symbols

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3.7.2 Mode indications

The current operational mode of a motor/pump is indicated by
a tag mark character that appears next to the bottom left-hand
corner of its function module symbol.
The tag mark characters used for motors/pumps are:
a " " (blank space) or a white "m" - Manual mode
a green "a" - Automatic mode
a cyan "i" - interlocked
a cyan "l" - Local mode
a magenta "t" - tripped.

3.7.3 Status indications

The current operational status of a motor/pump is indicated by
the colour of its function module symbol.
The colours used to indicate the current operational status of a
motor/pump are:
Green: The motor/pump is running.
White: The motor/pump is stopped.
Yellow: The motor/pump is in a transient situation
(starting, stopping or changing speed).

3.7.4 Single speed electrical Motor/Pump

operation menu
Note
The operation menu may differ depending on the software version
of the function module in question.

The commands on the operation menu of a single speed electrical

motor/pump control function module may be as shown in the
figure below to the left.
The command buttons allow you to:
• stop or start a motor/pump. The commands may be used to
cancel a start (stop) operation, but have no effect on a stopped
(running) motor/pump. These commands are only available
in Manual mode.
• reset the appropriate timeout counters to recover from failed
start or stop operations.
• select the Automatic or Manual mode for the motor/pump.

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Figure 36 Single speed electrical motor / Pump operation menu

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3.7.5 Dual speed electrical Motor/Pump

operation menu
Note
The operation menu may differ depending on the software version
of the function module in question.

The commands on the operation menu of a dual speed electrical

motor/pump control module may be as shown in the figure below
to the left.
The command buttons allow you to:
• stop a running motor/pump. This command can be used
to cancel a start operation but has no effect on a stopped
motor/pump. The command is only available in Manual mode.
• start a motor/pump at low or high speed. If these commands
are selected for a motor/pump that is running at high speed
(low speed), it causes the motor/pump to run at low speed
(high speed). These commands are only available in Manual
mode.
• reset the appropriate timeout counters to recover from failed
start or stop operations.
• select the Automatic or Manual mode for the motor/pump.

Figure 37 Dual speed electrical Motor/Pump operation menu

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3.7.6 Hydraulic-driven Pump operation

menu
Note
The speed of a hydraulic-driven pump is controlled by adjusting
the pressure of the hydraulic input supply to the pump.

Note
The operation menu may differ depending on the software version
of the function module in question.

The commands on the operation menu of a hydraulic-driven

Pump control module may be as shown in the figure below to
the left.
The command buttons allow you to:
• reduce (or increase) the setpoint (control signal) for the valve
regulating the pressure of the hydraulic input supply to the
pump to zero (increases to 100%). This causes the valve to
fully close (open) and reduces (increases) the pressure of the
hydraulic input supply to zero (100%) which stops (runs) the
pump. These commands have no effect on a stopped hydraulic
pump and are only available in the Manual mode.
• define the speed of a hydraulic pump by specifying the
value of the setpoint (control signal) for the valve regulating
the pressure of the hydraulic input supply to the pump.
The setpoint is set via the Numeric input dialog box. The
command is only available in the Manual mode.
• reset the appropriate timeout counters to recover from failed
start or stop operations.
• decrease (or increase) the setpoint (control signal) for valve
regulating the hydraulic input supply to the pump by the
configured setting (default is 5%). This causes the valve to
close (open) and decreases (increases) the pressure of the
hydraulic input supply which decreases the pump speed by the
configured setting. These commands are only available in
the Manual mode.
• freeze and lock the setpoint (control signal) for the valve
regulating the hydraulic input supply to the pump at its current
value. The command is only available in the Manual mode.
• select the Automatic or Manual mode for the pump.

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Figure 38 Hydraulic-driven Pump operation menu

3.7.7 Configuration options

During system configuration, one or more of the following
functions may have been configured for the Motor/Pump control
modules:
• Local/Remote mode
• Control logic interlocks
• Power demand
• Standby start
• Blackout restart
• Shut-down.
The status of these functions can be viewed and changed using
the commands on the module shortcut menu (see Shortcut menu
on page 40) that gives you access to the module set-up facilities.

3.7.7.1 Local/Remote mode

All Motor/Pump control modules have a Local/Remote mode
function. In the Local mode, the motor or pump is controlled
from its Local panel whereas in the Remote mode, it is controlled
by the K-Chief 700 system. Transfer between local and remote
control is performed at the Local panel.

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3.7.7.2 Control logic interlocks

All Motor/Pump control modules have control logic interlock
functions to prevent the motor/pump from being damaged.
For electrical motors and pumps these interlock functions are:
• Inhibit the Stop command at interlock
• Inhibit the Start command at interlock
• Execute the Stop command at interlock
• Execute the Start command at interlock.
For hydraulic pumps these interlock functions are:
• Inhibit all commands at interlock.

3.7.7.3 Power demand

Both types of electrical Motor/Pump control module have a
power interlock function that prevents the motor/pump from
being started if there is insufficient power available. This
function is only used for major consumers.

3.7.7.4 Standby start

Both types of electrical Motor/Pump control module have a
standby start function that allows a maximum of three electrical
motors/pumps to be defined as part of a duty/standby sequence.
A standby motor/pump can be started as follows:
• Initially in the Manual mode. It will continue to run when
put into the Automatic mode.
• Automatically, if another pump in the sequence stops due to
a failure.
• Automatically if a specific condition occurs. For example, a
pressure switch can be used to start up additional pumps if the
lubrication oil pressure for a generator is low.

3.7.7.5 Blackout restart

Both types of electrical Motor control module have a blackout
restart function. This function causes a motor to be automatically
restarted when power is re-established after a blackout, provided
the motor was running before the blackout occurred. A
configurable start delay on each motor is provided to prevent
many motors starting at the same time.

3.7.7.6 Shut-down
All Motor/Pump control modules have a shutdown function that
overrides all other control inputs to the function module and
provides an emergency stop facility.

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3.7.8 Duty/Standby configuration

Motor/Pump control modules may be connected in two different
duty/standby configurations.
In one configuration, the Standby start function is used (see
Standby start on page 62) where the duty motor/pump is in the
Manual mode and the standby motor/pump is in the Automatic
mode. After the duty motor/pump has been manually started,
the K-Chief 700 control logic automatically starts the standby
motor/pump when a condition arises where additional capacity is
required. For example, when the pressure delivered from a duty
pump falls below a set limit.
In the other configuration, the motors/pumps both operate in the
Automatic mode with the duty/standby selection controlled by
interlocked toggle buttons (usually with a confirmation dialog
box). The presentation of the buttons is dynamic and changes to
indicate the current selection for their associated motor/pump.
Normally, there will be some dynamic text that also indicates
the Duty/Stby (standby) status of the two motor/pumps. Under
normal conditions, only the motor/pump selected as Duty will be
running with the other (Stby) motor/pump ready to start should a
condition arise where additional capacity is required.
The operation of these buttons and their associated motor/pump
modules for a duty/standby pair of pumps is illustrated in the
following figure:

Figure 39 Two single speed electrical pumps in a Duty/standby

configuration with Duty selection buttons

3.8 Valve control modules

All valves in the K-Chief 700 system are supported by function
modules that have either position or open/close feedback. The
basic module functions cover auto/manual control, local/remote
control, control logic interlocking and shutdown.

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3.8.1 Symbols
A Valve control module is represented graphically by a symbol
accompanied by a tag mark character that indicates the current
operational mode of the valve. The symbol may also be
accompanied by a numeric value if the valve has a controllable
movement. This value indicates either the actual position of the
valve or the setpoint of the valve in percent.

3.8.1.1 Control and Throttle Valves

The symbols for Control and Throttle Valve modules are shown
in the following figure:

Figure 40 Control and Throttle Valve module symbols

3.8.1.2 Digital Valve

The symbols for Digital Valve modules are shown in the
following figure:

Figure 41 Digital Valve module symbols

3.8.2 Mode indications

The current operational mode of a valve is indicated by a tag
mark character located below the bottom of the body of its
function module symbol.
The tag mark characters used for valves are:
a " " (blank space) or a white "m" - Manual mode
a green "a" - Automatic mode
a cyan "i" - interlocked
a cyan "l" - Local mode
a magenta "t" - tripped.

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3.8.3 Status indications

The operational status of a valve is indicated by the colour of the
body of its function module symbol. The colours used are:
Green: The valve is open. This means that its actual
position equals the setpoint (± dead band), and
that the actual position of the valve exceeds a
predefined open limit.
Yellow: The valve is in a transient situation. For
control or throttle valve with feedback, this
means that the valve is not closed but has not
reached the commanded setpoint.
White: The valve is closed. This means that the actual
position of the valve is below the predefined
open limit.

3.8.4 Control Valve operation menu

Note
The operation menu may differ depending on the software version
of the function module in question.

A typical application for this type of valve is a pneumatically

operated valve, that may or may not have position feedback and
has a PID control connection.
The commands on the operation menu of a Control Valve control
module may be as shown in the figure below to the left.
The command buttons allow you to:
• close a valve to operate until it reaches a position that is below
the predefined close limit (or open a valve to operate until it
reaches the fully open position with largest possible orifice).
These commands can be used to cancel an open (close)
operation but have no effect on a closed (open) valve. These
commands are only available in the Manual mode.
• specify the position setpoint for the valve. The setpoint is
set via the Numeric input dialog box. The command is only
available in the Manual mode.
• reset the appropriate timeout counters to recover from failed
start or stop operations.
• suspend the operation of the valve instantaneously. The size
of the valve orifice no longer changes, regardless of any
previously selected OPEN, CLOSE or SETPOINT commands.
The command is only available in the Manual mode.
• select the Manual or Automatic mode for the control valve.

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• increase or decrease the setpoint value by a predefined value,

providing that the Control valve is in the Automatic mode. If
the Control valve is in the Manual mode, these commands
increase (decrease) the output value.

Figure 42 Control Valve operation menu

3.8.5 Throttle Valve operation menu

A typical application for this type of valve is a hydraulically
operated multi-position valve that has position feedback and
stops at each position.
Note
The operation menu may differ depending on the software version
of the function module in question.

The commands on the operation menu of a Throttle Valve control

module may be as shown in the figure below to the left.
The command buttons allow you to:
• close a valve to operate until it reaches a position that is
below the predefined close limit (or open a valve to operate
until it reaches the fully open position with largest possible
orifice). This commands can be used to cancel an open (close)
operation but has no effect on a closed (open) valve. The
command is only available in the Manual mode.

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• stop a moving valve to operate and freeze it at the current

position. This command can be used to cancel a close or
open operation but has no effect on a stationary valve. The
command is only available in the Manual mode.
• decrease (or increase) the pulse length by a pre-configured
value. This command has no effect on a fully closed (opened)
valve and is only available in the Manual mode.
• reset the appropriate timeout counters to recover from failed
start or stop operations.
• select the Automatic or Manual mode for the control valve.

Figure 43 Throttle Valve operation menu

3.8.6 Digital Valve operation menu

Note
The operation menu may differ depending on the software version
of the function module in question.

The commands on the operation menu of a Digital Valve control

module may be as shown in the figure below to the left.
The command buttons allow you to:

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• close a valve to operate until it reaches a position that is below

the predefined close limit (or open a valve to operate until it
reaches the fully open position with largest possible orifice).
This command can be used to cancel an open (close) operation
but has no effect on a closed (open) valve. The command is
only available in the Manual mode.
• reset the appropriate timeout counters to recover from failed
start or stop operations.
• select the Automatic or Manual mode for the control valve.

Figure 44 Digital Valve operation menu

3.8.7 Configuration options

During system configuration, one or more of the following
functions may have been configured for the Valve control
modules:
• Local/Remote mode
• Control logic interlocks
• Shut-down.
The status of these functions can be viewed and changed using
the commands on the module shortcut menu (see Shortcut menu
on page 40) that gives you access to the module set-up facilities.

3.8.7.1 Local/Remote mode

All Valve control modules have a Local/Remote mode function.
In the Local mode, the valve is controlled from a Local panel
whereas in the Remote mode, it is controlled by the K-Chief 700
system. Transfer between local and remote control is performed
at the Local panel.

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3.8.7.2 Control logic interlocks

All Valve control modules have control logic interlock functions
to prevent the valve from being damaged.
These interlock functions are:
• Inhibit the Close command at interlock
• Inhibit the Open command at interlock
• Execute the Close command at interlock
• Execute the Open command at interlock.

3.8.7.3 Shut-down
All Valve control modules have a shutdown function that
overrides all other control inputs to the function module. This
function may be used as an emergency close facility.

3.9 PID Controller modules

The Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) Controller is an
integrated function module within the K-Chief 700 system where
all control is carried out by means of programmable software
modules in the Field Stations. These modules can be P, PI or
PID controllers depending on the task to be performed and the
process characteristics.
The basic applications onboard a vessel for these controllers are
as follows:
• Temperature control in lubrication oil systems
• Temperature control in water cooling systems
• Temperature control of heavy fuel oil supplied to main and
auxiliary engines
• Temperature control of fuel oil storage and cargo tanks
• Viscosity control of heavy fuel oil
• Level and feed control of boiler water
• Servo control of thruster and propulsion pitch/azimuth.

3.9.1 Symbols
PID controllers may be shown in many ways, from a simple box
to a bar chart with multiple values.
The standard symbols for a PID controller are shown in the
following figure:

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Figure 45 Standard PID Controller module symbols

3.9.2 Mode indications

The current operational mode of a PID controller is indicated by
a tag mark character (located under the bottom left-hand corner
of its module symbol).
The tag mark characters used for PID controllers are:
a " " (blank space) or a white "m" - Manual mode
a green "a" - Automatic mode
a green "e" - external
a cyan "f" - Freeze or Follow mode
a cyan "o" - overridden.

3.9.3 Operation menu

Note
The operation menu may differ depending on the software version
of the function module in question.

The commands on the operation menu of a PID Controller

module may be as shown in the figure below to the left.
The command buttons allow you to:
• specify the output setpoint for the PID controller. The setpoint
is set via the Numeric input dialog box. The command is only
available in the Manual mode.
• increase or decrease the setpoint value by a predefined value,
providing the PID controller is in the Automatic mode. If
the PID controller is in the Manual mode, these commands
increase (decrease) the output value.
• select external or internal control inputs (setpoint and
controller parameters). When external control inputs are
selected, the PID controller obtains the setpoint and controller
parameters from the output signals of other function modules.
When internal control inputs are selected, the Automatic mode
is automatically selected.
• select the Manual or Automatic mode for the PID controller.

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• set a manual output value for the PID controller. The output
is set via the Numeric input dialog box. The command is only
available in the Manual mode.
• turn the module inhibit function onor off. When the
module operation menu is opened, the button text indicates
the state that can be selected. When the module inhibit
function is active (turned on), no action is sent out to other
modules and the output signals are set to "logical 0". Alarms
are indicated if the module is in an alarm state. When
the module inhibit function is disabled (turned off), the
INHIBIT ON/INHIBIT OFF command is also disabled.
The parameter inhibit types are as follows:
0 - Operation menu button "INHIBIT ON" has no function
1 - INHIBIT ON inhibits Freeze terminal
2 - INHIBIT ON inhibits Ok terminal
3 - INHIBIT ON inhibits both Freeze and Ok terminal.

Figure 46 PID Controller operation menu

3.9.4 Configuration options

During system configuration, one or more of the following
functions may have been configured for the PID controller
modules:
• Follow mode
• Freeze mode
• Control logic interlocks.

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The status of these functions can be viewed and changed using

the commands on the module shortcut menu (see Shortcut menu
on page 40) that gives you access to the module set-up facilities.

3.9.4.1 Follow mode

All PID controller modules have a Follow mode function. In
this mode, the controller output follows the value of the Follow
A input.

3.9.4.2 Freeze mode

All PID controller modules have a Freeze mode function. In this
mode, the controller output is frozen at either the current or a
predefined value. If the Manual mode is selected, the controller
output value may be changed using the UP, DOWN and MAN
OUTPUT commands.

3.9.4.3 Control logic interlocks

All PID controller modules have control logic interlock functions
to prevent the controlled process from being damaged.
These interlock functions are:
• No mode change at interlock. The controller output is set to a
configured value.
• Manual mode selected at interlock. The controller output is
set to a configured value.
• Auto mode selected at interlock.
• External control inputs selected at interlock. The controller
output is set to a configured value.

3.10 Sequence control modules

Sequence control modules are used to specify and control a set of
actions that are to be executed in a defined sequence.
A typical example of the use of sequence control modules is
the starting of a thruster where several sub-system units must
be started in the correct sequence with delays between each
action (step in the sequence). Once all of the steps have been
successfully completed (all sub-system units have acquired the
required condition), the thruster itself can be started.
If the one of the sub-system units fails to obtain the correct
condition or something else fails during the sequence, the
sequence is normally terminated. Action must then be taken
to stop the sub-system units that have been started. In critical
applications, a new sequence may be initiated to bring the
equipment to a safe state.

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Multiple (top-level) control sequences are also available. These

are normally used to transfer between the operational modes
of the vessel. For example, setting up the Power Management
system in the correct configuration and starting the required
thrusters when transferring to the DP control mode.
The sequence control module group comprises the following
main modules:
• Sequence Step module
• Sequence Administrator module
• Sequence Recipe module.
A control sequence for the operation of a system (such as a
thruster) can be built up from a collection of several Sequence
Step modules (up to 100) under the control of a Sequence
Administrator module.

3.11 Sequence Step module

The Sequence Step module defines the actions to be performed
by a single sub-system unit and the conditions expected on
completion of the actions. Time delays can also be defined to
allow sufficient time for the equipment to perform the defined
actions.
Note
The Sequence Step module does not have an operation menu.

3.11.1 Symbol
The layout of the symbol for the Sequence Step module will
depend upon the number of conditions that must be fulfilled by
the step.
An example of a typical Sequence Step module symbol is shown
in the following figure:

Figure 47 Sequence Step module symbol

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Step description A text field that describes the action of the step.
Status indicator A rectangular border that uses colour to indicate
the status of the step.
Colour Status
Red failed
Green active
Yellow hold
White completed
Background not active
Condition status A red, current condition, status text field together
with a list of conditions. Each condition is
preceded by a status check box and followed by a
collective logical operation indicator.
A status check box with a tick indicates that the
condition has been fulfilled.
The collective logical operation indicator shows
the type of logical operation to be performed by
the listed conditions.
& (AND) — all conditions to be fulfilled
> (OR) — one condition to be fulfilled.

The module symbol for a Sequence Step module can be included

as part of a relevant K-Chief 700 application Process image,
although normally it is only included as a part of a dedicated
Sequence Process image.

3.11.2 Configuration options

During system configuration, one or more of the following
functions may have been configured for the Sequence Step
modules:
• Allow stop in step
• Allow force in step.
3.11.2.1 Allow stop in step
All Sequence Step modules have an Allow stop function. When
the "Allow stop in step" parameter is set to "0" and the Sequence
Step module concerned is active, the TERMINATE and HOLD
commands on the operation menu of the Sequence Administrator
module are disabled. This means that the step will continue to
run regardless of status. When the parameter is set to "1", the
TERMINATE and HOLD commands are enabled.
3.11.2.2 Allow force in step
All Sequence Step modules have an Allow force function. When
the "Allow force in step" parameter is set to "0" and the Sequence
Step module concerned is active, the FORCE NEXT command

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on the operation menu of the Sequence Administrator module is

disabled. When the parameter is set to "1", the FORCE NEXT
command is enabled.

3.12 Sequence Administrator module

The Sequence Administrator module contains the control logic
for the execution of the steps in a control sequence. It specifies
which steps and the order in which the specified steps are to be
executed. It is also the interface to the operator and external logic
for controlling the sequence.

3.12.1 Symbol
The symbol for a typical Sequence Administrator module is
shown in the following figure:

Figure 48 Sequence Administrator module symbol

Status indicator A rectangular border around the symbol that uses

colour to indicate the status of the sequence.
Colour Status
Red failed
Green active
Yellow hold
White completed/not active
(Sequence Process
images)
Light Grey completed/not active
(application Process
images)
Sequence status: A text field that shows the status of the control
sequence:
ACTIVE
NOT ACTIVE
HOLD

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Active step: A two-line text field.

The top line describes the action of the currently
active step.
If a step fails, the bottom line shows the error
condition that caused the failure.
Time counters A clock with dark grey and green hands, and two
numeric value fields that indicate:
The time currently used by the sequence (dark
grey hand on the clock and the Cnt. numeric
value).
The time taken to complete the sequence, the last
time it was run (green hand on the clock).
The maximum time allowed for completion of the
sequence (Max. numeric value).

The function module symbol for the Sequence Administrator

module is normally included as part of a relevant K-Chief 700
application Process image and as part of a dedicated Sequence
Process image.

3.12.2 Operation menu

Note
The operation menu may differ depending on the software version
of the function module in question.

The commands on the operation menu of a Sequence

Administrator module may be as shown in the figure below to
the left.
The command buttons allow you to:
• terminate and reset the running control sequence, i.e. stop
it and return it to the start point. This command, which has
the highest priority, can be disabled for individual steps by
the "Allow stop" configuration option of the Sequence Step
module controlling that step.
• start a control sequence. If the External mode is configured,
the command is unavailable and its button is blank.
• hold the running control sequence at the current step. This
command, which has a higher priority than the FORCE NEXT
command, can be disabled for individual steps by the "Allow
stop" configuration option of the Sequence Step module
controlling that step.
• continue and resume the running of a control sequence after it
has been stopped by the HOLD command.

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• perform an unconditional jump to the next step in a running

control sequence without having to wait for the current step
to be completed.

Figure 49 Sequence Administrator operation menu

3.12.3 Configuration options

During system configuration, one or more of the following
functions may have been configured for the Sequence
Administrator modules:
• External mode
• Start permissive.

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3.12.3.1 External mode

All Sequence Administrator modules have an External mode
function. In this mode, the function module is controlled by
external control logic and the START command on the operation
menu becomes unavailable, i.e. its button will be blank.

3.12.3.2 Start permissive

All Sequence Administrator modules have a start permissive
function. If the StartPermissive terminal is connected and set to
"0", the START command on the operation menu is disabled. If
the terminal is connected and set to 1, the command is enabled.

3.12.4 Control sequence overview

An overview of the steps contained in the currently active or
most recently run control sequence can be viewed by displaying
Page 3 of the Module Parameters dialog box (see Module
Editor topic in the online AIM User Guide) for the Sequence
Administrator module.
An example of Page 3 of this dialog box, in this case for the stop
of a tunnel thruster, is shown in the following figure:

Figure 50 Module Parameters dialog box (Page 3) for a

Sequence Administrator module

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3.13 Sequence Recipe module

The Sequence Recipe module specifies the steps of a control
sequence and the order in which they are to be executed. It is
used to replace the currently specified set of steps in a Sequence
Administrator module with its own specified set of steps.
For example, if a control sequence has to start and stop a thruster,
the same Sequence Administrator module can be used to control
two sets of Sequence Step modules (one for start and one for
stop) by means of two Sequence Recipe modules.

3.13.1 Symbol
The symbol for the Sequence Recipe module, which is only
Figure displayed in Flow Sheet views, is shown in the following figure:
51 Sequence
Recipe module
symbol

3.13.2 Operation menu

Note
The operation menu may differ depending on the software version
of the function module in question.

The commands on the operation menu of a Sequence Recipe

Figure module may be as shown in the figure to the left.
52 Sequence
Recipe operation The command button allows you to:
menu • update the Sequence Recipe module with a new sequence
configuration. Normally, the External mode is configured and
the command is unavailable, i.e. its button is blank. In this
case, the content of the Sequence Recipe module is transferred
to the Sequence Administrator module prior to starting the
sequence.

3.13.3 Configuration options

During system configuration, one or more of the following
functions may have been configured for the Sequence Recipe
modules:
• External mode
• Interlock
• Freeze.

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3.13.3.1 External mode

All Sequence Recipe modules have an External mode function.
In this mode, the function module is controlled by external
control logic and the UPDATE command on the operation menu
becomes unavailable, i.e. its button will be blank.

3.13.3.2 Interlock
All Sequence Recipe modules have an Interlock function that,
when set, blocks the update to the Sequence Administrator
module.

3.13.3.3 Freeze
All Sequence Recipe modules have a Freeze function. When the
"Freeze recipe data" parameter is set to "0", recipe data can be
changed. If the parameter is set 999, the recipe data is frozen.
Once the recipe data has been frozen, it can never be changed
from the function module.

3.14 Sequence Process image

An example of a typical Sequence Process image, in this case for
the stop of a tunnel thruster, is shown in the following figure:

Figure 53 Sequence Process image (tunnel thruster)

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Each time a step in a control sequence is started, it is recorded in

the event database. These events can be viewed by displaying the
Historic Event Page of the Event List view with the Universal
event filter selected (see Event system topic in the online AIM
User Guide).
An example of these events, in this case for the stopping of a
tunnel thruster, is shown in the following figure:

Figure 54 Sequence Events for the stopping of a tunnel thruster

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4 POWER MANAGEMENT
The Power Management application provides monitoring, control
and safety functions for the power generating systems.
The Power Management Process image visualises the entire
power plant, generators and consumers. From this image you
can monitor the power network and operate the generators,
switchboards and circuit breakers. Major power consumers
are also shown in the graphic representation of the power
network. They are, however, operated from other applications
and therefore not described here.
A typical Power Management Process image is shown in the
following figure:

Figure 55 Typical Power Management Process image

Some of the equipment can be viewed in more detail by

selecting a second (lower) level Process image. The contents
of these second (lower) level Process images will depend on
the equipment installed onboard the vessel. For device specific
information, refer to the user documentation for the device.
The Power Management application comprises the following
basic functions:
• Generator control (for diesel, turbine and shaft driven
generators)
• Switchboard control

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• Circuit Breaker control.

Only the main basic functions together with their associated
sub-functions are described in the following paragraphs, but
other functions may be implemented for special applications.

4.1 User interface

The user interface for the Power Management application is
based on a first (top) level Power Management Process image that
shows the complete electrical power production and distribution
system. On this Process image, the main condition of each
Generator Set (prime mover and electrical generator) will be
presented together with the status of all switchboards, breakers
and connections. It will also indicate the current supply voltage
status and power loading.
The Power Management Process image will have various second
(lower) level Process images that may be grouped as follows:
• A separate Process image for each Generator Engine and each
Electrical Generator
• Alternatively, a separate Process image for each Generator Set
• A separate Process image for each Switchboard if not included
in the Power Management Process image
• Optional Process images for showing detailed information
about the low voltage distribution system and/or safety
systems if there is not enough space in the first (top) level
Power Management Process image or the other second (lower)
level Process images.
All necessary operation of the Power Management system can be
performed from the Power Management images.
If a separate Generator Engine Process image is used, it will
provide more detailed information concerning the status and
condition of a generator engine, together with information about
exhaust gas temperatures (if applicable) and auxiliary systems
related to the engine. The amount of data provided depends on
the engine type and installation.
If a separate Electrical Generator Process image is used, it
will contain measurements and alarms related to the electrical
generator.
A Generator Set Process image will normally be used, provided
that there is enough space, to present the generator engine and
electrical generator status, condition, measurement and alarm
information for a complete generator set in a single image.
If a Switchboard Process image is used, it will contain the selected
mode for Load Dependent Start/Stop and Consumer Control,
together with any other relevant electrical measurements.

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These second (lower) level Process images are displayed using

one of the following methods:
• A hot spot on the Power Management Process image or, where
applicable, one of the other second (lower) level Process
images
• The Navigator (see Toolbars section in the Operator Station
topic in the online AIM User Guide).
• The NAVIGATOR(VIEW MAP) button on the Operator panel
(see Automation Panel (BU-AUT) layout on page 35).

4.2 Generator Set Process image

A typical Generator Set Process image is shown in the following
figure:

Figure 56 Typical Generator Set Process image

This Process image is divided into several areas which

describe different sub-systems of the generator set. The exact
configuration will depend on the type of engine and electrical
generator.
The electrical generator output along with air, bearing and
winding temperature measurements may be shown.
The generator engine exhaust gas temperature and deviation
together with liner and bearing temperatures and crankcase
pressure measurements may be shown.

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In addition, temperature and pressure measurements for fuel oil,

lubrication oil, cooling water, charge air and starting air may
also be shown.
A number of status indicators may appear on the image to
indicate operational and fault conditions. If there is not enough
space, these will be placed on separate Generator Safety Process
images.

4.3 Generator control module

Generators have a specific graphic representation in the Power
Management Process image that is controlled by the Generator
control module.
This module is used to show the operational status of a generator
and control its operation.

4.3.1 Symbols
The graphic representation of a generator (MDG, Shaft or HG)
comprises a measurement graph that displays the load on the
generator and a generator symbol with four lines of status text
above it showing the current operational state of the generator.
An example of the symbols used to represent a generator is
shown in the following figure:

Figure 57 Generator control module symbols

Optional information such as the power factor, output voltage

and load current of the generator may also be shown at the side
of the generator symbol.

4.3.2 Status indications

The colour of the symbol and the four lines of status text are
changed to indicate the operational state of the generator.
The colours used to indicate the current operational state of the
generator are:

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White: This indicates that the generator is stopped.

Yellow: Indicates that the generator is in a transient
situation (starting or stopping).
Green: Indicates that the generator is running.

The displayed status text varies depending on the current

operational conditions and the selections made via the commands
on the generator module operation menu (see Operation menu on
page 87).
Line 1 indicates whether the generator is controlled from a Local
panel or through the Power Management application. In the latter
case, the selected load mode is indicated.
The Line 1 status text alternatives are:
LOCAL The generator is not under K-Chief 700
control.
EXT.LOADSH External Load-sharing mode is selected, i.
e. load-sharing is not under K-Chief 700
control.
MANUAL Manual mode is selected.
FIX LOAD Fixed Load mode is selected.
SYMMETRIC Symmetric mode is selected.
ASYMMETRIC Asymmetric mode is selected.
ASYM.MAIN Asymmetric mode is selected, and the
generator is currently defined as the main
generator.

Line 2 indicates the control mode for the generator.

The Line 2 text alternatives are:
NOT STANDBY The generator cannot be started, connected,
disconnected or stopped automatically by the
K-Chief 700 system logic.
STANDBY # The generator may be started and connected
or disconnected and stopped automatically
by the K-Chief 700 system logic. “#” is
the standby number (from 1 to 15), which
determines the order of automatic operation.

Line 3 indicates the current state of the generator engine.

The Line 3 text alternatives are:
STOPPED Stopped
START AUX Start auxiliary system
START ENGINE Start engine
START ENGINE Start engine wait
RUN IDLE Running idle

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RUN RATED Running rated

SYNCHRONISING Synchronising
CLOSING Dead bus close
CONNECTED Connected
REDUCE LOAD Reducing load
DISCONNECT Disconnecting
COOL DOWN Running and cooling down
CLEAN UP Running and cleaning up
STOPPING Stopping
SHUT DOWN Shut-down
This can be due to various reasons which will
be indicated in the Process image containing
generator shut-down information.

Line 4 indicates the condition of the generator.

The Line 4 text alternatives are:
BLOCKED Internally Blocked
The generator is shut down and must be reset
to remove the “block”.
INH.DISCONN Inhibit Disconnect
INHIBIT Inhibit Stop and Connect
INH.CONN Inhibit Connect
The “Breaker Ready” signal is off, indicating
that the breaker is not ready.
INH.STOP Inhibit Stop
INH.START Inhibit Start
Start is inhibited because at least one of the
measured values is missing or out of range.
The value(s) responsible will be indicated
in the Process image containing generator
start-inhibit information.

4.3.3 Operation menu

Note
The operation menu may differ depending on the software version
of the function module in question.

The commands on the operation menu of a Generator control

module may be as shown in Generator control operation menu
on page 91.
The command buttons allow you to:

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• stop or start the generator control module, which again can

be activated both manually (by the operator) or automatically
(by the system logic). When activated manually, the
commands are primarily for use with "not standby" generators.
When stopped, the "not standby" generator concerned
must first be manually disconnected from the switchboard
before the command can be used. When started, the "not
standby" generator concerned must first be connected to
the switchboard before the command can be used. When
activated automatically, the commands are primarily for use
with "standby" generators. When stopped, the "standby"
generator concerned is automatically disconnected from
the switchboard and stopped. When started, the "standby"
generator concerned is automatically synchronised and
connected to the switchboard. Note that the STOP and START
commands are not available for shaft generators.
• disconnect or connect the generator control module, which
again can be activated both manually (by the operator)
or automatically (by the system logic). If the disconnect
command is used on a "not standby" generator, the generator
concerned will only be disconnected from the switchboard and
not stopped. However, if the command is used on a "standby"
generator, the generator concerned will be disconnected from
the switchboard and stopped. Both types of disconnection will
only be possible if sufficient power is being provided by the
other generator(s) connected to the switchboard. If the connect
command is used on a "not standby" generator, the generator
concerned must be manually started before the command can
be used. However, if the command is used on a "standby"
generator, the generator concerned will be automatically
started, synchronised and connected to the switchboard.
• set the Generator control module in standby mode, which
defines the order for automatic control operations such as
Start, Stop, Connect and Disconnect; or in not standby mode
which concerns a single generator and can only be activated
manually. The commands are set via the Numeric dialog box.
Note
The STANDBY command is not available for shaft generators.
Shaft generators are always "not standby".

• reset a blocked operation, whenever a generator is shut down.

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• select the Manual mode, which is one of four available modes

for controlling distribution of the load to a single generator.
The others are the three automatic load distribution control
modes Fixed Load, Symmetric and Asymmetric. To leave this
mode, Fixed Load mode, Manual, Symmetric or Asymmetric
must be selected.
Note
Selecting Manual for a "standby" generator sets it to "not
standby".

• select the Fix mode, which is only available for generators that
are connected to the switchboards of the power distribution
network. It is one of three automatic modes for controlling
distribution of the load to a single generator. The other two
modes are Symmetric and Asymmetric. You cannot stop
a generator when it is operating in the Fixed Load mode:
Manual, Symmetric or Asymmetric must be selected. To
leave this mode, Manual, Symmetric or Asymmetric must be
selected.
Note
You cannot select the Fixed Load mode for a "standby"
generator.

• select the Symmetric mode, which is one of three automatic

modes for controlling distribution of load to a single generator.
The other two modes are Fixed Load and Asymmetric. To
leave this mode, Fixed Load mode, Manual or Asymmetric
must be selected.
Note
Selecting the SYMMETRIC command may affect the
load distributed to other generators in the Symmetric or
Asymmetric mode.

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• select the Asymmetric mode, which is one of three automatic

modes for controlling the distribution of load to a single
generator. The other modes are Fixed Load and Symmetric.
In Asymmetric mode, the shared load is distributed in the
following order of priority:
- One asymmetric generator functions as the main generator.
The amount of shared load distributed to the main generator
correlates with the optimum load value for this generator. The
optimum load value is typically set between 70 and 80% of
the nominal load.
- The other generators in Asymmetric and Symmetric modes
that are connected to the switchboard are called the "topping
up" generators. They share the remaining load in equal
proportions of their nominal load. The load shared by the
topping up generators is the total load on the switchboard,
excluding fixed loads, manual loads and the main asymmetric
load. To leave this mode, Fixed Load mode Manual or
Symmetric mode must be selected.
Note
The ASYMMETRIC command is not available for shaft
generators.

• select the increase or decrease modes, which are only

available when the generator is running in the Manual or
Fixed Load mode. Selecting this command in the Manual
mode, changes the load on the connected generator by a
predefined amount.

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Figure 58 Generator control operation menu

4.4 Switchboard module

The switchboard module is used to operate the Load and
Consumer Control function of a switchboard, and show the
current load and spare capacity.

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4.4.1 Symbol
The switchboard module symbol comprises a box with text
and measurement values that shows the identification of the
switchboard, the status of Load and Consumer Control, the
current power loading on the switchboard and the available
unused power (spare capacity).
An example of a switchboard symbol is shown in the following
figure:

Figure 59 Switchboard symbol

This module allows you to switch Load Start, Load Stop and
Consumer Control on and off by means of a module operation
menu. This menu is opened by clicking the ON/OFF text in the
Load and Consumer Control status field of the symbol using
the left trackball button.

4.4.2 Operation menu

Note
The operation menu may differ depending on the software version
of the function module in question.

The commands on the operation menu of a Switchboard module

may be as shown in Switchboard module operation menu on
page 94.
The command buttons allow you to:
• select the Load Dependent Start On, which applies to
"standby" generators that are in the Asymmetric or Symmetric
mode. Selecting this command starts the "next standby"
generator.
• select the Load Dependent Start Off, which applies to
"standby" generators that are in the Asymmetric or Symmetric
mode. Selecting this command inhibits the automatic
start of the "next standby" generator due to variations in
symmetrically or asymmetrically assigned loads.

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• select the Load Dependent Stop On, which applies to all

"standby" generators that are in the Asymmetric or Symmetric
mode and connected to the switchboard. Selecting this
command stops the running generators in descending order of
their standby number.
• select the Load Dependent Stop Off, which applies to
all "standby" generators that are in the Asymmetric or
Symmetric mode and connected to the switchboard. Selecting
this command inhibits the automatic stop of any of the
"standby" generators due to variations in symmetrically or
asymmetrically assigned loads.
• select the Consumer Control On, which applies to all
"standby" generators that are currently not connected to the
switchboard. On a start request from dedicated consumers,
selecting this command causes the spare capacity (i.e. the
available power from the connected generators minus the
consumed power) and the number of connected generators
to be checked.
Note
Dedicated consumers are normally thrusters, main hydraulics
and large pumps.

• select the Consumer Control Off, which applies to all

"standby" generators that are currently connected to the
switchboard. Selecting this command allows any consumer
to attempt a start, irrespective of the available spare capacity,
the number of generators connected or simultaneous start
attempts from other consumers.

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Figure 60 Switchboard module operation menu

4.5 Circuit Breaker module

The circuit breaker module is used to connect and disconnect
power suppliers and consumers to the power distribution network.

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4.5.1 Symbol
A circuit breaker is represented by the following symbols.

Figure 61 Circuit Breaker module symbols

4.5.2 Mode indications

The current operational mode of a circuit breaker is indicated by
the tag mark character that appears next to its symbol.
The tag mark characters used in circuit breakers are:
a " " (blank space) or a white "m" - Manual mode
a green "a" - Automatic mode
a cyan "i" - interlocked
a cyan "l" - Local mode.

4.5.3 Status indications

The colour of the symbol is changed to indicate the operational
state of the circuit breaker.
White: the circuit breaker is open
Green: the circuit breaker is closed
Yellow: the circuit breaker is in a transient or unknown
state.

4.5.4 Operation menu

The availability of commands on the module operation menu
depends on system configuration, i.e. when the circuit breaker
module is configured as the remote (rem) type. If the circuit
breaker module is configured as a monitoring (mon) or automatic
(auto) type, the commands will not be available.
Typical circuit breakers are those inserted on both sides of
transformers. The circuit breaker between a generator and a
switchboard is controlled from the Generator control module.

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Note
The operation menu may differ depending on the software version
of the function module in question.

The commands on the operation menu of a Circuit Breaker

module may be as shown in the figure below.
The command buttons allow you to:
• open or close the circuit breaker.

Figure 62 Circuit breaker module operation menu

4.6 Consumers
Consumers appear in the Power Management application Process
images for clarity. They are usually controlled directly from
Process images within other applications. For example, the
thrusters are controlled from the Thruster/Propulsion application
Process images.
The colours used to indicate the operational status of consumers
are as follows:
Green: the consumer is running
White: the consumer is stopped
Yellow: the consumer is in a transient state (starting,
stopping or changing speed).

4.7 Typical procedures

The following procedures are examples and only intended to
illustrate the interaction between the operator and the Power
Management application for typical tasks.

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Note
The operation menu may differ depending on the software version
of the function module in question.

4.7.1 Defining a "standby" generator

The following procedure describes how to define a generator as
a "standby" generator.
It is assumed that the generator is stopped and in the Manual
mode, and that there are no active alarms for the generator or
the switchboard.
1 Display the Power Management Process image.
The displayed image shows the current status of the power
plant.
2 Observe the displayed information for the generator.
3 Move the cursor over the G# part of the generator symbol
and click the left trackball button
A yellow-dash, selected box is drawn around the G# part of
the generator symbol, and the G# function module operation
menu is opened.
4 Click STANDBY.
A Numeric input dialog box is displayed.
5 Change the displayed value to the require standby number
(1 to 15) and then click OK.
The Numeric input dialog box is closed and the Line 2 status
text of the generator symbol changes from NOT STANDBY
to STANDBY # or from STANDBY # to STANDBY #
(where # is any number from 1 to 15).

4.7.2 Connecting a generator

The following procedure describes how to put a generator into
the Symmetric mode, manually start it and then connect it to the
switchboard bus.
It is assumed that the generator is stopped and in the Manual
mode, and that there are no active alarms for the generator or
the switchboard.
1 Display the Power Management Process image.
The displayed image shows the current status of the power
plant.
2 Observe the displayed information for the generator.
3 Move the cursor over the G# part of the generator symbol
and press the left trackball button.

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A yellow-dash, selected box is drawn around the G# part of

the generator symbol, and the G# module operation menu
is opened.
4 Click SYMMETRIC.
The Symmetric mode is selected for the generator and the
Line 1 status text of the generator symbol changes from
MANUAL to SYMMETRIC.
5 Click START.
The Line 3 status text of the generator symbol changes from
STOPPED to START ENGINE, and the colour of the G#
part of the generator symbol changes from White to Yellow.
The Line 3 status text of the generator symbol changes from
START ENGINE to RUN RATED, and the colour of the G#
part of the generator symbol changes from Yellow to Green.
6 Click CONNECT.
The Line 3 status text of the generator symbol changes
from RUN RATED to SYNCHRONISING and then to
CONNECTED. When CONNECTED is reached, the circuit
breaker part of the generator symbol closes and changes
from White to Green, and the generator is connected to the
switchboard bus.
7 Close the module operation menu.

4.7.3 Failed generator start and reset

The following procedure describes the sequence of events when
a generator start fails and how to reset the blocked state after
the generator has been repaired. The description also applies in
the case of a failed auto start.
It is assumed that a generator has failed to start and one of the
other generators defined as a "standby" generator is not connected
to the switchboard.
1 The Line 3 status text of the failed generator symbol changes
according to the number of start attempts defined by the
parameter "Max. no. of start trials".
2 When the last start attempt fails, a "start fail" alarm is
generated, the Line 3 status text of the generator symbol
changes to STOPPED, the Line 4 status text of the generator
symbol changes to BLOCKED, and the colour of the entire
generator symbol changes to White.
3 The blocked generator is excluded from the sequence for
standby operation.
4 The "next standby" generator (that is not connected to the
switchboard) is started and connected to the switchboard
power bus in case it was a failed "auto start".

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5 After the connection of the "next standby" generator is

completed, the Line 3 status text of its generator symbol
changes to CONNECTED and the colour of its generator
symbol changes to Green with the bus circuit breaker closed.
To reset the blocked generator, proceed as follows:
1 Display the appropriate Generator Engine/Set and/or Safety
Process image.
2 Check the information displayed in these images as it may
reveal the fault which caused the generator start to fail.
3 When recovery or repair of the generator has been
completed, display the Power Management Process image.
4 Open the module operation menu for the blocked generator.
5 Click RESET.
The Line 4 status text of the generator symbol changes from
BLOCKED to blank (empty).
The generator is now ready for starting and connection to the
switchboard and/or being defined as a "standby" generator (see
Connecting a generator on page 97).

4.7.4 Alarm start

The following procedure describes how an automatic changeover
is made from a connected generator that goes into an alarm
condition and the "next standby" generator.
No operator actions are required providing the generator that
goes into the alarm condition is in the Standby control mode. If
the generator is in the Not Standby control mode, the generator
engine must be manually stopped using the STOP command on
the generator module operation menu.
The progress of the changeover, which can be monitored from
the Power Management Process image, is as follows:
1 An alarm condition occurs in the connected generator.
2 The "next standby" generator is started and connected to
the switchboard.
3 After the connection of the "next standby" generator has
been completed, the Line 3 status text of its generator symbol
changes to CONNECTED and the colour of its generator
symbol changes to Green with the bus circuit breaker closed.
4 Simultaneous with the connection of the "next standby"
generator, the load on the generator in the alarm condition
is reduced.
5 The Line 3 status text of the generator symbol for the
generator in the alarm condition changes from CONNECTED
to REDUCE LOAD.

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6 When the load is less than n% (where n = the value of the

parameter "Max. rel. load to disconnect"), the bus circuit
breaker opens and the generator in the alarm condition is
disconnected from the switchboard.
7 The Line 3 status text of the generator symbol changes from
REDUCE LOAD to DISCONNECT. The circuit breaker part
of the generator symbol opens and changes from Green to
White and the G# part of the generator symbol changes from
Green to Yellow.
8 The generator in the alarm condition is stopped.
9 The Line 3 status text of the generator symbol changes
from DISCONNECT to STOPPING and then to STOPPED.
The generator symbol changes from Yellow to White and
the Line 4 status text of the generator symbol changes to
BLOCKED.
10 The blocked generator is excluded from the sequence for
standby operation.
After the generator in the alarm condition has been repaired,
reset the blocked state (see Failed generator start and reset on
page 98).

4.7.5 Assigning a fixed load

The following procedure describes how to assign a fixed load to
one of the generators and the effect of this action on the other
generators.
It is assumed that three generators in the Symmetric mode are
connected to the switchboard.
1 Display the module operation menu for the first "standby"
generator.
2 Click FIX.
The Line 2 status text changes from STANDBY 1 to NOT
STANDBY and the Line 3 status text of the generator symbol
changes from SYMMETRIC to FIX LOAD.
The load setpoint for the generator is set to the current value
of the generator load.
3 Click DECREASE.
The load setpoint for the generator is decreased by a
predefined amount each time you click the command.
4 Observe the changes in load for all three generators.
The load on the operated generator decreases until it reaches
the new setpoint, and the remaining load on the switchboard
is shared symmetrically by the other two generators.
If the result of the load reduction on the generator with fixed
load results in 100% loads on the other two generators,

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the Fixed Load mode is by-passed and the load on the

switchboard is distributed symmetrically between all three
generators.
5 Close the module operation menu.

4.7.6 Asymmetric load sharing

The following procedure describes how to select asymmetric
load sharing with three generators (two in the Symmetric mode
and one in the Fixed Load mode) connected to the switchboard.
It also describes the effect on the load of each generator with
changes in the total switchboard load.
1 Display the module operation menu for the generator in the
Fixed Load mode.
2 Click ASYMMETRIC.
Line 3 status text of the generator symbol changes from
FIX LOAD to ASYMMETRIC and the load setpoint for the
generator is set to a predefined value (typically between 70
and 80% of the generator’s load capacity).
The other two generators share the remaining load
symmetrically.
3 Close the module operation menu.
4 Decrease the total load on the switchboard by disconnecting
a consumer.
Initially, the load shared by the two Symmetric mode
generators is reduced while the load on the Asymmetric
mode generator remains constant. If the load on two
Symmetric mode generators drops below a predefined limit
(typically 25%), the load on these two generators will
remain unchanged while the load on the Asymmetric mode
generator is reduced.
5 Increase the total load on the switchboard by connecting
more consumers.
The asymmetric load limit on the Asymmetric mode is
restored. If the increase in the total load persists and the two
Symmetric mode generators reach the same load limit, the
additional load is shared symmetrically between all three
generators.

4.7.7 Load Dependent start

The following procedure describes the effect of an increase of the
total load when load dependent start is selected with at least three
generators in the Symmetric mode.

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It is assumed that one of these generators is running and

connected to the switchboard and the other two are defined as
"standby".
1 Display the module operation menu for the switchboard.
2 Click LDSTRT ON.
3 Close the module operation menu.
4 Increase the total load on the switchboard by connecting
more consumers.
The load on the connected generator increases.
When the load on the generator passes the Start 1 (or Start 2)
limit and remains above it for a time period that is longer
than the Start 1 (or Start 2) limit delay, the "next standby"
generator is automatically started and connected to the
switchboard.
5 After the connection of the "next standby" generator is
completed, the Line 3 status text of its generator symbol
changes to CONNECTED and the colour of its generator
symbol changes to Green with the bus circuit breaker closed.
When the CONNECTED state is reached, the total
switchboard load is shared symmetrically between the two
connected generators.
If the total load on the switchboard is increased until the
Start 1 (or Start 2) limit is passed and remains above it for a
time period that is longer than the Start 1 (or Start 2) limit
delay, the "next standby" generator is automatically started
and connected to the switcboard.
To turn off the Load Dependent start, proceed as follows:
1 Display the module operation menu for the switchboard.
2 Click LDSTRT OFF.
The text to the right of LD START on the switchboard
module symbol changes from green ON to black OFF.
3 Close the module operation menu.

4.7.8 Load Dependent stop

To turn on the Load Dependent stop, proceed as follows:
1 Display the module operation menu for the switchboard.
2 Click LDSTOP ON.
The text to the right of LD STOP on the switchboard
module symbol changes from black OFF to green ON.
3 Close the module operation menu.
To turn off the Load Dependent stop, proceed as follows:
1 Display the module operation menu for the switchboard.

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2 Click LDSTOP OFF.

The text to the right of LD STOP on the switchboard
module symbol changes from green ON to black OFF.
3 Close the module operation menu.

4.7.9 Consumer Control

To turn on the Consumer Control, proceed as follows:
1 Display the module operation menu for the switchboard.
2 Click CONCTR ON.
The text to the right of CONS CTR on the switchboard
module symbol changes from black OFF to green ON.
3 Close the module operation menu.
To turn off the Consumer Control, proceed as follows:
1 Display the module operation menu for the switchboard.
2 Click CONCTR OFF.
The text to the right of CONS CTR on the switchboard
module symbol changes from green ON to black OFF.
3 Close the module operation menu.

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5 PROPULSION CONTROL
The Propulsion Control application provides monitoring, control
and safety functions for the vessel’s thruster and main propulsion
system.
The main control locations for the vessel’s thruster and main
propulsion systems are the K-Thrust and/or K-Pos Operator
Stations (see K-Thrust Operator Manual and/or K-Pos Operator
Manual).
The K-Chief 700 Operator Stations are therefore normally
used to provide details on thruster status and alarm monitoring.
However, the K-Chief 700 Operator Stations are provided with
a downgraded control mode (called the Maintenance mode).
This mode, which allows individual manual control of each
component within the propulsion system, is mainly for use during
maintenance when performing fault-finding.
The Propulsion Process image, which is basically a "Bridge
Information" image, visualises the thrusters and main propulsion
system. From this image you can see the command control
location (K-Thrust, K-Pos or K-Chief 700), and monitor the
status of the thrusters and main propulsion units. The main
electrical generators and information concerning vessel loading
and draught are normally also shown in the image.
The following figure shows a typical Propulsion Process image:

Figure 63 Typical Propulsion Process image

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The individual thrusters and main propellers can be viewed in

more detail by selecting a second (lower) level Process image.
The contents of these second (lower) level Process images
will depend on the type of thrusters and main propulsion units
installed onboard the vessel.
The Propulsion Control application comprises the following
basic functions:
• Thruster Start/Stop sequences
• Auxiliary Equipment control
• Pitch control
• Azimuth control
• Speed (rpm) control
• Maintenance mode
• Safety
• Zero pitch
• Alarm monitoring.
Only the basic functions, together with their associated
sub-functions, are described in the following paragraphs, but
other functions may be implemented for special applications.

5.1 User interface

The user interface for the Propulsion Control application is based
on a Propulsion Process image that shows the overall thruster
and propulsion system.
This first (top) level Process image will have various second
(lower) level Process images that will typically be grouped as
follows:
• A separate Process image for each Tunnel Thruster
• A separate Process image for each Azimuth Thruster
• A separate Process image for each Main Propulsion unit
• Optional Process images for showing detailed information
about the thruster and propulsion system if there is not enough
space in the first (top) level Propulsion Process image or the
other second (lower) level Process images.
A Tunnel Thruster Process image will normally be used to present
status, condition, and measurement and alarm information for the
thruster, and its motor and associated pumps in a single image. It
will normally also provide facilities for manual start/stop of the
thruster (with or without sequence control), manual control of
thruster-propeller pitch and/or rpm (speed), and manual control
of the thruster’s auxiliary equipment.

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An Azimuth Thruster Process image will normally be used

to present status, condition, and measurement and alarm
information for the thruster, and its motor and associated pumps
and valves in a single view. It will normally also provide facilities
for starting and stopping the thruster (with or without sequence
control), manual start/stop of the thruster, manual control of
thruster-propeller azimuth, pitch and/or rpm (speed), and manual
control of the thruster’s auxiliary equipment.
A Main Propulsion Process image will normally be used
to present status, condition, and measurement and alarm
information for the main propulsion unit, and its engine and
associated equipment in a single view. It will normally also
provide facilities for manual start/stop of the main propulsion
unit (with or without sequence control), manual control of the
main propulsion-propeller rpm (speed) and/or pitch, and manual
control of the main propulsion unit’s auxiliary equipment. In
addition, it may also provide facilities for manual control of the
rudder angle.
These second (lower) level Process images are displayed using
one of the following methods:
• A hot spot on the Thruster/Propulsion Process image or, where
applicable, one of the other second (lower) level Process
images
• The Navigator (see Toolbars section in the Operator Station
topic in the online AIM User Guide).
• The NAVIGATOR (VIEW MAP) button on the Operator
panel (see on page ).

5.2 Tunnel Thruster Process image

A typical Tunnel Thruster Process image is shown in the
following figure:

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Figure 64 Typical Tunnel Thruster Process image

This Process image is divided into several areas which describe

the sub-systems of the tunnel thruster. The exact configuration
will depend on the type of thruster and which type of control
(pitch and/or rpm) is available.
The thruster electrical motor together with current consumption
and winding temperature measurements may be shown.
The auxiliary hydraulic equipment together with pump status,
and fluid pressure levels and temperature measurements may
be shown.
Note
If a tunnel thruster is enabled and being controlled by a K-Pos or
K-Thrust system, the K-Chief 700 Maintenance mode is blocked.
However, when the thruster motor is stopped (i.e. not activated),
the K-Chief 700 system may be used to test the thruster start/stop
sequences. In general, this will only affect the thruster auxiliary
equipment.

The thruster control mode plus facilities for manual and sequence
control together with pitch and/or rpm measurements may be
shown.
A number of status indicators may appear on the image to indicate
operational and fault conditions. If there is not enough space,
these will be placed on a separate Thruster Safety Process image.

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5.3 Azimuth Thruster Process image

A typical Azimuth Thruster Process image is shown in the
following figure:

Figure 65 Typical Azimuth Thruster Process image

This Process image is divided into several areas which describe

the sub-systems of the azimuth thruster. The exact configuration
will depend on the type of thruster and which type of control
(azimuth, pitch and/or rpm) is available.
The thruster electrical motor together with current consumption
and winding temperature measurements may be shown.
The auxiliary hydraulic equipment together with pump status,
and fluid pressure and temperature measurements may be shown.
The thruster control mode plus facilities for manual and sequence
control together with azimuth, pitch and/or rpm measurements
may be shown.
Note
If an azimuth thruster is enabled and being controlled by a
K-Pos or K-Thrust system, the K-Chief 700 Maintenance mode
is blocked. However, when the thruster motor is stopped (i.e.
not activated), the K-Chief 700 system may be used to test the
thruster start/stop sequences. In general, this will only affect the
thruster auxiliary equipment.

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A number of status indicators may appear on the image to indicate

operational and fault conditions. If there is not enough space,
these will be placed on a separate Thruster Safety Process image.

5.4 Main Propulsion Process image

A typical Main Propulsion Process image for an electrically
driven system is shown in the following figure:

Figure 66 Typical Electrical Main Propulsion Process image

This Process image is divided into several areas which describe

the sub-systems of the main propulsion unit. The exact
configuration will depend on the type of main propulsion unit
and what sort of control (rpm and/or pitch or rudder) is available.
For an electrical driven main propulsion unit, the motor
together with bearing, temperature and winding temperature
measurements, and pump and cooling fan status may be shown.
For a mechanically driven main propulsion unit, the engine
exhaust gas temperature and deviation together with liner and
bearing temperatures, and crankcase pressure measurements may
be shown. In addition, temperature and pressure measurements
for fuel oil, lubrication oil, cooling water, charge air and starting
air may also be shown.

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For Controllable Pitch Propellers (CPP), the auxiliary hydraulic

equipment together with pump status, and fluid pressure and
temperature measurements may be shown.
The main propulsion unit control mode plus facilities for manual
and sequence control together with pitch and/or rpm or rudder
position measurements may also be shown.
A number of status indicators may appear on the image to
indicate operational and fault conditions. If there is not enough
space, these will be placed on a separate Main Propulsion Safety
Process image.

5.5 Thruster/Propulsion control

The local thruster/propulsion controllers are installed close to the
actual thruster/propulsion drive units. They perform the actual
control and monitoring of the drive units and their auxiliary
equipment.

5.5.1 Thruster Start/Stop sequences

A thruster start and stop request from an Operator Station
will cause the appropriate thruster Process Station to run a
pre-programmed sequence of checks before the thruster is
actually started or stopped.
These sequences are either initiated from the K-Thrust system
in the K-Pos Control mode or by means of dedicated START
and STOP buttons on the Process image when the thruster is
in the Maintenance mode. For older systems that do not have
these dedicated buttons, the START and STOP commands on
the thruster motor module operation menu must be used (see
Motor/Pump control modules on page 55).
The start sequence first checks whether any start interlock
conditions are present, such as brakes or critical process alarms.
If there is insufficient electric power capacity, the K-Chief 700
system logic automatically requests the Power Management
application to start another generator. Any auxiliary equipment is
then started and thruster pitch is set to zero. When all of these
process conditions are correct, providing that the Maintenance
mode is not selected, the drive motor is started. A timeout limit
is implemented so that if the thruster is not started within this
limit, a "start failure" alarm is generated.
The stop sequence reduces the thruster pitch to zero, stops the
thruster drive motor and then stops the auxiliary pumps. A
timeout limit is implemented so that if the thruster is not stopped
within this limit, a "stop failure" alarm is generated.

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5.5.2 Auxiliary Equipment control

The auxiliary equipment supported by the K-Chief 700 system
depends on the configuration of the thruster/propulsion system
installed on your vessel.
The most common types of auxiliary equipment are:
• Hydraulic valves
• Hydraulic pitch pumps
• Hydraulic azimuth/steering pumps
• Lubrication pumps
• Cooling water pumps
• Cooling fans.
The starting and stopping of these pumps and fans, and
the opening and closing of the valves is normally a part of
the automatic thruster/propulsion start and stop sequences
initiated from the Operator Station. In the Maintenance mode,
this auxiliary equipment can be controlled from the module
operation menu for each individual item of equipment (see Basic
Monitoring and Control on page 36).
Critical pumps may be duplicated and in such cases, the
standby pump logic is incorporated into the K-Chief 700
Thruster/Propulsion application.

5.5.3 Pitch control

Pitch follow-up (servo) control may be performed internally via
the control logic in a thruster/main propulsion Process Station or
externally by a Local Control Unit.
If the thruster/main propulsion Process Station contains
the pitch servo loop, setpoints are received cyclically from
the K-Thrust/K-Pos or K-Chief 700 system via the dual
communication network. A PID controller (see PID Controller
modules on page 69) compares the pitch feedback from the
thruster/main propulsion unit against setpoint value from
the K-Thrust/K-Pos or K-Chief 700 system and controls the
hydraulic pitch valve accordingly.
The principle of pitch follow-up (servo) control via a
thruster/main propulsion Process Station is illustrated in the
following figure:

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Figure 67 Pitch Follow-up (servo) control via a Process Station

Manual pitch control, which is implemented by means of the

commands on the PID controller module operation menu, is only
possible in the Maintenance mode (see Maintenance mode on
page 113 and Typical procedures on page 114).
If, after a predefined timeout period, no more setpoints are
received by the thruster/propulsion Process Station, the pitch is
automatically reduced to zero. The pitch setpoint is also reduced
to zero when a thruster/propulsion start or stop is requested.
For electrically driven thrusters the motor current is monitored
so that, if it exceeds a specified limit, the pitch is temporarily
reduced before it is gradually stepped back to the commanded
setpoint.
If the Local Control Unit contains the pitch servo loop, setpoints
are received cyclically from the K-Thrust/K-Pos or K-Chief
700 system via the dual communication network. The Local
Control Unit compares the pitch feedback from the thruster/main
propulsion unit against setpoint value from the K-Thrust/K-Pos
or K-Chief 700 system and controls the hydraulic pitch valve
accordingly. The pitch feedback from the thruster/main
propulsion unit is also sent to the K-Thrust/K-Pos or K-Chief 700
system for monitoring purposes.
The principle of pitch follow-up (servo) control via a Local
Control Unit is illustrated in the following figure:

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Figure 68 Pitch Follow-up (servo) control via a Local Control

Unit

Local (non follow-up) control is normally achieved by means of

control handles on the local hydraulic-pitch valve control unit
or tailor-made control panels interfaced to the hydraulic-pitch
valve control unit.

5.5.4 Azimuth control

Azimuth follow-up (servo) control may be performed internally
via the control logic in a thruster/main propulsion Process Station
or externally by means of a Local Control Unit.
The follow-up (servo) control for the azimuth angle is similar to
that described for pitch control. The feedback angle is normally
monitored by a sine/cosine potentiometer.
Manual azimuth control, which is implemented by means of the
commands on the PID controller module operation menu, is only
possible in the Maintenance mode.

5.5.5 Speed (rpm) control

Speed (rpm) control is normally always via a Local Control Unit
similar to that described for pitch control.

5.5.6 Maintenance mode

The Maintenance mode is used during system installation,
maintenance and fault finding, and can be selected for each
thruster individually from the Operator Stations.
In the Maintenance mode the individual units in the
thruster/propulsion system, such as pumps, valves, motors and so
on can be checked and manually controlled from the Operator
Station (see Basic Monitoring and Control on page 36).
Tuning and adjustments of pitch, rpm and azimuth controllers for
each thruster or main propulsion unit can be carried out while in
the Maintenance mode. Dedicated Trend images will normally

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be available so that they can be used as an aid when tuning and

adjusting pitch, rpm and azimuth controlled thrusters and main
propulsion units.
Caution
All pitch and azimuth servo loop controllers are tuned
during thruster/propulsion commissioning prior to vessel
delivery. Under NO circumstances should any attempt
be made to readjust these controllers without first
consulting Kongsberg Maritime.

5.5.7 Safety
Emergency Stop buttons that are connected directly to the starter
control circuits by hard wiring may be provided for each thruster.
If installed, these will normally be located on a panel near the
K-Thrust Operator Station.
Control and feedback signals for pitch and azimuth are
monitored, and any failure in these signals will normally stop the
thruster. The control actions taken depend on the application and
the type of thruster system. Deviations outside a specified limit
between setpoint and feedback values over a certain time will
cause an alarm to be generated. For sine/cosine measurements,
an alarm will be generated if the two signals do not match.

5.5.8 Zero pitch

The Zero pitch control function is only available for pitch
controlled tunnel thrusters. This function, which is usually
enabled by a ZERO PITCH FUNCTION button in the Thruster
Process image, automatically sets the pitch of a stopped thruster
to zero.
Normally, when a thruster is stopped, its pitch setting is
maintained. However, when the Zero pitch control function
is enabled, it checks the pitch and if it is other than zero, the
function automatically starts the hydraulic pumps, reduces the
pitch to zero and then stops the hydraulic pumps.

5.5.9 Alarm monitoring

Alarms in the Propulsion Control application images are
monitored and displayed in the same way as for all other images
(see Alarms and messages topic in the online AIM User Guide).

5.6 Typical procedures

The following procedures are examples and only intended to
illustrate the interaction between the operator and the Propulsion
Control application for typical tasks.

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Note
The operation menus may differ depending on the software
version of the function module in question.

5.6.1 Starting a thruster

The following procedure describes how to start a stopped tunnel
or azimuth thruster.
It is assumed that no alarms or other conditions blocking the
operation of the thruster, are active.
1 Display the appropriate Thruster Process image.
The displayed image shows the current situation of the
thruster and its auxiliary equipment.
2 Observe the displayed information for the thruster.
3 If applicable, ensure that the Operator Station has command
control of the thruster command group (see Command
Control topic in the online AIM User Guide).
4 If the thruster is under K-Pos control, click the DP
CONTROL/MAINTENANCE MODE toggle button on the
Thruster Process image.
The Maintenance mode is selected for the thruster.
5 Ensure that the thruster pitch is set to zero (see Changing
pitch on page 116).
6 If applicable, set the thruster azimuth to zero (see Changing
azimuth on page 118).
7 Click the dedicated START button on the Thruster Process
image.
For older systems that do not have a thruster START button,
move the cursor over the thruster motor symbol, press the
left trackball button to open its module operation menu and
then click START.
The applicable auxiliary equipment is started and run up
to its fully operational state.
When this equipment is running correctly (fully operational),
the thruster motor is started and the colour of its module
symbol changes to yellow.
The module symbol colour changes to green when the
thruster motor is running at full speed.

5.6.2 Stopping a thruster

The following procedure describes how to stop a running tunnel
or azimuth thruster.

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It is assumed that no alarms or other conditions blocking the

operation of the thruster, are active.
1 Display the appropriate Thruster Process image.
The displayed image shows the current situation of the
thruster and its auxiliary equipment.
2 Observe the displayed information for the thruster.
3 If applicable, ensure that the Operator Station has command
control of the thruster command group (see Command
Control topic in the online AIM User Guide).
4 If the thruster is under K-Pos control, click the DP
CONTROL/MAINTENANCE MODE toggle button on the
Thruster Process image.
The Maintenance mode is selected for the thruster.
5 Set the thruster pitch to zero (see Changing pitch on
page 116).
6 If applicable, set the thruster azimuth to zero (see Changing
azimuth on page 118).
7 Click the dedicated STOP button on the Thruster Process
image.
For older systems that do not have a thruster STOP button,
move the cursor over the thruster motor symbol, press the
left trackball button to open its module operation menu and
then click STOP.
The thruster motor starts to run down and the colour of its
module symbol changes to yellow. When the thruster motor
has stopped, the colour of its module symbol changes to
white.

5.6.3 Changing pitch

The following two procedures describe how to change the pitch
setpoint for a thruster or main propulsion unit propeller.
It is assumed that no alarms or other conditions blocking the
operation of the thruster or main propulsion unit, are active.
If the thruster/main propulsion pitch can be operated using a SET
PITCH button, proceed as follows:
1 Display the appropriate Thruster or Main Propulsion Process
image.
2 Observe the displayed information for the thruster or main
propulsion unit.
3 If applicable, ensure that the Operator Station has command
control of the thruster command group (see Command
Control topic in the online AIM User Guide).

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4 If the thruster is under K-Thrust/K-Pos control, click the

DP CONTROL/MAINTENANCE MODE toggle button on
the Thruster Process image.
The Maintenance mode is selected for the thruster or main
propulsion unit.
5 Click the SET PITCH button/symbol.
A Numeric input dialog box is displayed.
6 Change the displayed value to the required pitch value (in
positive or negative %) and then click the OK button.
The Numeric input dialog box is closed and the ordered
pitch symbol changes to indicate the entered value.
As the pitch of the propeller changes to the ordered
pitch value, the actual pitch symbol changes indication
accordingly.
If the thruster/main propulsion pitch can be operated using a PID
controller module operation menu, proceed as follows:
1 Display the appropriate Thruster or Main Propulsion Process
image.
2 Observe the displayed information for the thruster or main
propulsion unit.
3 If applicable, ensure that the Operator Station has command
control of all applicable thruster/propulsion command
groups (see Command Control topic in the online AIM User
Guide).
4 If the thruster is under K-Thrust/K-Pos control, click the
DP CONTROL/MAINTENANCE MODE toggle button on
the Thruster Process image.
The Maintenance mode is selected for the thruster or main
propulsion unit.
5 Move the cursor over the pitch PID controller symbol and
press the left trackball button.
A yellow-dashed select box is drawn around the PID
controller symbol and its module operation menu is opened.
6 If the text of the AUTO/MANUAL command is AUTO, click
it.
The PID controller is put into the Automatic mode and the
command text changes to MANUAL.
7 If the text of the EXTERNAL/INTERNAL command is
INTERNAL, click it.
The control inputs to the PID controller are switched to
internal and the command text changes to EXTERNAL.
8 Click SETPOINT.
A Numeric input dialog box is displayed.

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9 Change the displayed value to the required pitch setpoint

value (in positive or negative %) and then click the OK
button.
The Numeric input dialog box is closed and the ordered pitch
symbol changes to indicate the entered value.
As the pitch of the propeller changes to the ordered
pitch value, the actual pitch symbol changes indication
accordingly.
10 Click EXTERNAL.
The control inputs to the PID controller are switched to
external and the command text changes to INTERNAL.
11 Close the pitch PID controller module operation menu.

5.6.4 Changing speed

The following procedure describes how to change the rpm
setpoint for a thruster or main propulsion unit propeller.
It is assumed that no alarms or other conditions blocking the
operation of the thruster or main propulsion unit, are active.
1 Display the appropriate Thruster or Main Propulsion Process
image.
2 Observe the displayed information for the thruster or main
propulsion unit.
3 If applicable, ensure that the Operator Station has command
control of the thruster command group (see Command
Control topic in the online AIM User Guide).
4 If the thruster is under K-Thrust/K-Pos control, click the
DP CONTROL/MAINTENANCE MODE toggle button on
the Thruster Process image.
The Maintenance mode is selected for the thruster or main
propulsion unit.
5 Click the SET SPEED (RPM) button/symbol.
A Numeric input dialog box is displayed.
6 Change the displayed value to the required speed (rpm)
value and then click the OK button.
The Numeric input dialog box is closed and the ordered
speed (rpm) symbol changes to indicate the entered value.
As the speed (rpm) of the propeller changes to the ordered
speed (rpm) value, the actual speed (rpm) symbol changes
indication accordingly.

5.6.5 Changing azimuth

The following two procedures describes how to change the
azimuth setpoint for an azimuth thruster.

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It is assumed that no alarms or other conditions blocking the

operation of the thruster or main propulsion unit, are active.
If the thruster/main propulsion pitch can be operated using a SET
AZIMUTH button, proceed as follows:
1 Display the appropriate Azimuth Thruster Process image.
2 Observe the displayed information for the thruster.
3 If applicable, ensure that the Operator Station has command
control of the thruster command group (see Command
Control topic in the online AIM User Guide).
4 If the thruster is under K-Thrust/K-Pos control, click the
DP CONTROL/MAINTENANCE MODE toggle button on
the Thruster Process image.
The Maintenance mode is selected for the thruster or main
propulsion unit.
5 Click the SET AZIMUTH button/symbol.
A Numeric input dialog box is displayed.
6 Change the displayed value to the required azimuth value (0
to 360) and then click the OK button.
The Numeric input dialog box is closed and the ordered
azimuth symbol changes to indicate the entered value.
As the azimuth angle of the thruster changes to the ordered
value, the actual azimuth symbol changes indication
accordingly.
If the thruster azimuth can be operated using a PID controller
module operation menu, proceed as follows:
1 Display the appropriate Azimuth Thruster Process image.
2 Observe the displayed information for the thruster.
3 If applicable, ensure that the Operator Station has command
control the thruster command group (see Command Control
topic in the online AIM User Guide).
4 If the thruster is under K-Thrust/K-Pos control, click the
DP CONTROL/MAINTENANCE MODE toggle button on
the Thruster Process image.
The Maintenance mode is selected for the thruster or main
propulsion unit.
5 Move the cursor over the azimuth PID controller symbol
and press the left trackball button.
A yellow-dashed select box is drawn around the PID
controller symbol and its module operation menu is opened.
6 If the text of the AUTO/MANUAL command is AUTO, click it.
The PID controller is put into the Automatic mode and the
command text changes to MANUAL.

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7 If the text of the EXTERNAL/INTERNAL command is

INTERNAL, click it.
The control inputs to the PID controller are switched to
internal and the command text changes to EXTERNAL.
8 Click SETPOINT.
A Numeric input dialog box is displayed.
9 Change the displayed value to the required azimuth setpoint
value (0 to 360) and then click the OK button.
The Numeric input dialog box is closed and the ordered
azimuth symbol changes to indicate the entered value.
As the azimuth angle of the thruster changes to the ordered
value, the actual azimuth symbol changes indication
accordingly.
10 Click EXTERNAL.
The control inputs to the PID controller are switched to
external and the command text changes to INTERNAL.
11 Close the azimuth PID controller module operation menu.

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 Redundancy and Criticality Assessment System

6 REDUNDANCY AND CRITICALITY

ASSESSMENT SYSTEM
The Redundancy and Criticality Assessment (RCA) System is
an integrated on-line fault monitoring and criticality assessment
tool that monitors and confirms that the resources required for a
specific operational control mode are available.
The RCA application software first verifies that all involved
equipment is correctly set up for the intended Vessel Control
mode. Then, when it is running, it continuously checks that it is
healthy and functioning correctly. The software also monitors and
reports the status of all standby equipment to provide an overall
redundancy status. If a malfunction is detected, the software
reports the situation according to the criticality of the event.
The RCA System Process image provides facilities for
operational mode control and visualises the status of the involved
equipment. This visualisation is achieved by means of Process
Unit (PU) symbols that represent machinery (such as thrusters,
generators with power buses and main engines) together with
subsystem (SS) symbols that represent the various auxiliary
systems associated with each PU. From this image you can select
vessel control modes and monitor the status of the involved
equipment via the PU and SS status indicators.
The following figure shows a typical RCA System Process image:

Figure 69 Typical RCA System Process image

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6.1 User interface

The user interface for the RCA application is divided into the
following main parts:
• Mode control
• Equipment state
• Mode transfer
• Event presentation (optional).

6.1.1 Mode control

The Mode control part of the user interface comprises various
control mode selection buttons each with an adjacent status field
as shown in the following figure:

Figure 70 Control mode selection button and status text field

These buttons allow you to:

• Select the initial Vessel Control mode provided that the
required equipment is running
• Deselect the selected Vessel Control mode and enter the "no
Vessel Control mode"
• Change the selected Vessel Control mode and start an
equipment start/stop sequence program
Provided that all the required equipment is running and the
applicable equipment state requirements have been met, you can
select the initial Vessel Control mode by means of the appropriate
control mode selection (toggle) button.
When a vessel control mode selection button is clicked, a control
mode confirmation dialog box, with the name of the clicked
button following the word Operate, is displayed.
In the example shown in the following figure, the Transit control
mode selection button has been clicked.

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Figure 71 Confirm operation dialog box for control mode

Clicking the Yes button activates the control mode selection,

whereas clicking the No button terminates the selection (without
any action). Both of these actions also close the dialog box.
The selected control mode may be deselected or another control
mode selected in the same manner.

6.1.1.1 Vessel Control mode state

The state of each Vessel Control mode is indicated by the text
and the background colour in the status field adjacent to each
control mode selection button.
The Vessel Control mode states indicated by the text and
background colour of the control mode selection button status
field are listed in the following table:

Table 6 Vessel Control mode state indications

Status Field Status

Text FieldColour Vessel Control Mode State
Not Ready Grey One or more of the PUs required for the mode are not in a legal state. This
means the Vessel Control mode cannot be selected.
Ready White The equipment state requirements, that must be fulfilled to allow the
Vessel Control mode to be selected, have been met.
When the Vessel Control mode is selected, a predefined sequence of
equipment start/stop will be performed provided that an automatic mode
control program is applied.
Blocked Grey The control mode is blocked, i.e. the Vessel Control mode cannot be
selected due to the current system set up, or because another mode is
in the selected state.
The required system set up is defined during the configuration of the
Vessel Control mode modules.
In Service Green The equipment state requirements have been fulfilled and the selected
Vessel Control mode is running.

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Table 6 Vessel Control mode state indications (cont’d.)

Status Field Status

Text FieldColour Vessel Control Mode State
Invalid Red The Vessel Control mode has changed to Invalid because one or more
of the equipment state requirements was not fulfilled when In Service
was activated or because the equipment start/stop sequence program has
aborted.
If an "invalid" state occurs after a mode has been established, the mode
requirements are kept. This means the power system requirements will be
maintained if, for example, one of the thrusters fails.
The "invalid" state will change to "ready" or "not ready" when another
mode is selected.
Selected Yellow The Vessel Control mode has been selected but not fully established, i.e.
the equipment start/stop sequence program is still being performed.
Terminating Yellow An exit is being made from the Vessel Control mode (an equipment
start/stop sequence for entering another control mode is in progress).
Available White All conditions and equipment state requirements for Vessel Control mode
selection are fulfilled (required equipment is already "in service"). The
equipment start/stop sequence program must be started to enter the mode.
Any equipment that is not required for the mode is automatically stopped.

The states indicated by the colour of the warning indicator at the

left-hand end of the status field are listed in the following table:

Table 7 Mode Control state indications

Indicator
Colour Warning State
Magenta PU or one or more SSs tripped, or conditions exist that will quickly
implement a trip.
Red Major fault in the PU or one or more SSs. For example, a High
High (HH) or Low Low (LL) alarm condition, as defined in the
appropriate RCA-PU or RCA-SS State Diagram (see State diagrams
on page 129) is active.
Yellow Minor fault in the PU or one or more SSs. For example, a High (H)
or Low (L) alarm condition, as defined in the appropriate RCA-PU or
RCA-SS State Diagram (see State diagrams on page 129) is active.
SS requirements warning (see on page and on page ).
Cyan The required SS standby equipment is "not ready".

Details of the equipment state requirements for each Vessel

Control mode can be viewed by displaying the Module
Parameters dialog box (see Process images topic in the online
AIM User Guide) for the module symbol of the corresponding
Vessel Control mode status text field.

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6.1.2 Equipment State

The Equipment State part of the user interface allows you to
monitor the overall status of all the PUs and associated SSs that
are involved with the various Vessel Control modes.
Each PU and each of the associated SSs are controlled by special
RCA modules whose tag names are prefixed with "pu_" for PUs
and "ss_" for SSs.

6.1.2.1 Process Unit status

The current state of the equipment monitored by a PU (pu_)
module is indicated by means of the colour of the PU module
symbol, a status field and a warning indicator.
The arrangement of these status indications for a generator is
shown in the following figure:

Figure 72 PU status indications

The state of each PU is indicated by the colour of the PU symbol,

the text and the background colour in the status field adjacent to
the PU symbol, and the warning indicator.
The states indicated by the PU symbol colour together with the
texts displayed in the status field are listed in the following table:

Table 8 Process Unit state indications

PU Symbol Status Field

Colour Text Process Unit State
Green IN SERVICE The PU is "in service", i.e. it is running
correctly with all SS requirements fulfilled.
White READY The PU is "ready to start", i.e. all SS
conditions for "ready to start" are fulfilled.
White STANDBY The PU is "in standby" (only indicated if the
PU has a standby state).
Grey NOT READY The PU is "not ready" for operation, i.e. the
PU or one of its SSs are "not ready".

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Note
The background colour of the status field is always the same as
the colour of the PU symbol.

The states indicated by the colour of the warning indicator are

listed in the following table:

Table 9 Process Unit warning indications

Indicator
Colour Warning State
Magenta PU tripped or conditions exist that will quickly implement a trip.
Red Major fault in the PU. For example, a High High (HH) or Low Low
(LL) alarm condition, as defined in the appropriate RCA-PU State
Diagram (seeState diagrams on page 129) is active.
Yellow Minor fault in the PU. For example, a High (H) or Low (L) alarm
condition, as defined in the appropriate RCA-PU State Diagram (see
State diagrams on page 129) is active.
SS requirements warning (see on page and on page ).

6.1.2.2 Subsystem status

The current state of the equipment monitored by a subsystem
(ss_) module is indicated by means of the background colour of
the four fields that make up the SS module symbol as shown
in the following figure:

Figure 73 Subsystem state indications

Field A indicates the subsystem state (see Sub-system states

indicated by Field A on page 127).
Field B indicates (in order of priority):
— Not required (highest priority)
— Tripped warnings
— Major warnings
— Minor warnings.
Field C indicates (in order of priority):
— Standby equipment not ready warnings (highest priority)
— Tripped warnings
— Major warnings

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— Minor warnings.
Note
Field C is only used when Field B indicates "Not required".

Field D indicates (in order of priority):

— Standby equipment not ready warnings (highest priority)
— Not required
— Tripped warnings
— Major warnings
— Minor warnings.
If more than one warning is active, the warning with the highest
priority is always indicated.
The subsystem states indicated by the colour of Field A are listed
in the following table:

Table 10 Sub-system states indicated by Field A

Colour Subsystem State

Green The SS is "in service", i.e. the critical criteria for "SS running" are
fulfilled.
White The SS is "ready to start", i.e. the critical criteria for "SS ready"
are fulfilled.
Grey The SS is "not ready" for operation, i.e. one or more of the critical
criteria for "SS running" or "SS ready" are not correct.

The sub-system warnings indicated by the colour of Fields B, C

and D are listed in the following table:

Table 11 Subsystem states indicated by Fields B, C and D

Colour Warning State

Magenta SS tripped, or conditions exist that will quickly implement a trip.
Red Major fault in the SS. For example, a High High (HH) or Low Low
(LL) alarm condition, as defined in the appropriate RCA-SS State
Diagram (seeState diagrams on page 129) is active.
Yellow Minor fault in the SS. For example, a High (H) or Low (L) alarm
condition, as defined in the appropriate RCA-SS State Diagram (see
State diagrams on page 129) is active.
Cyan The required SS standby equipment is "not ready".
Grey There are no active requirements for the SS.
Same colour There are no warnings.
as Field A

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The current state of the PU and SS equipment can also be viewed

by selecting the appropriate level of Process image for the
particular items of equipment. For example, the Generator Set
Process image for a diesel generator.
Details of the equipment state requirements for each PU and SS
can be viewed by displaying the Module Parameters dialog box
(see Module Editor topic in the online AIM User Guide) for the
module symbol of the corresponding PU or SS.

6.1.3 Mode transfer

The Mode transfer part of the user interface is managed by a
multiple (top-level) control sequence that has a separate control
sequence and Sequence Process image for each Vessel Control
mode. All of these Vessel Control mode control sequences are
controlled by a common Sequence Administrator module (see
Sequence Administrator module on page 75) which is represented
as shown in the following figure:

Figure 74 Sequence Administrator

The Sequence Process image for each Vessel Control mode can
be displayed by means of a Sequence hot spot, located next to
the corresponding control mode selection button.
An example of a typical Sequence Process image for a Vessel
Control mode transfer is shown in the following figure:

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Figure 75 Typical Vessel Control mode transfer Sequence Process image

6.1.4 Event presentation

RCA historic events may be presented by displaying the Event
List image and selecting the Historic Event Page (see Event system
topic in the online AIM User Guide). If provided, the Historic
Event Page can be displayed by clicking the RCA EVENTS button
on the RCA System Process image.
In order to only display the alarms and events related to the
RCA system, you must change the active event filter to the
"RCA mode" group filter by selecting Group: Mode_RCA in
the drop-down text box of the Filter selector on the Event List
image toolbar.

6.2 State diagrams

The state diagrams constitute the basis for the state composition
of the PU and SS modules. Each PU and SS module has its
own state diagram whose layout has a fixed format and whose
content is used as input for the configuration of the RCA system.
It should be noted that the layout of a RCA-PU state diagram is
slightly different to that of a RCA-SS state diagram.
The state diagrams are prepared as part of the engineering work
and are automatically integrated into the K-Chief 700 system
software.

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An example of a completed RCA-PU state diagram is shown

in the following figure:

Figure 76 RCA—PU state diagram

An example of a completed RCA-SS state diagram is shown in

the following figure:

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Figure 77 RCA—SS state diagram

The information contained in the fields of the two state diagrams

is expanded in the following three tables:
• describes the information contained in the “Header" part of
the RCA-PU and RCA-SS State Diagrams.
• describes the information contained in the “Matrix" part of the
RCA-PU and RCA-SS State Diagrams.
• describes the information contained in the “Subsystem
requirements” part of the RCA-SS State Diagram.

Table 12 Header part of RCA-PU and RCA-SS State Diagrams

Information field Used in K-Chief 700 Data Type Description

System
Vessel no text string Identification of
system/vessel.
Tag name yes text string Used as tag name for the
module.
Level yes fixed text string Used to define module
“RCA-PU" or “RCA-SS" type, “RCA-PU” -
Process Unit “RCA-SS” -
Subsystem
Revision yes date string (e.g. Included in the module.
yy/mm/dd)

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Table 12 Header part of RCA-PU and RCA-SS State Diagrams (cont’d.)

Information field Used in K-Chief 700 Data Type Description

System
Comments no text lines For diagram construction
use only.
PCU# yes integer > 0 (PCU no.) PCU for which a
configuration file has been
made. The corresponding
SS module is located in
this PCU.
Red PCU# yes integer > 0 (PCU no.) The number of the slave
PCU for this PCU.
OP1 yes text string (logical Logical expression
expression) comprising column
numbers and operators
AND (&) or OR (v).
For example, 1v2 which
means state OK if column
1 OR column 2 is true.
(1&2)v(3&4) which
means: state OK if either
column 1 AND column 2
or column 3 AND column
4 is true.
OP2 yes text string (logical operator Logical operator used
“&" or “v") for the computation of a
Boolean value by applying
the operators AND (&)
or OR (v) between all
used digital input values
marked as included in this
column of the “Cause &
Effect matrix". Note that
fields marked with “C" are
inverted (complemented)
before they are used.
State labels (IN SERVICE no — Defined states used by this
etc.) RCA module.
Unit name yes text string Denotes the actual PU or
SS. For PUs the syntax
is <equipmentname>
<equipmentnumber>

Table 13 Matrix part of RCA-PU and RCA-SS State Diagrams

Information Field Used in K-Chief 700 Data Type Description

System
Tag yes text string “Tag" (name), “PCU" and
“TermName" together
define an incoming signal
that is to be used in the
“Cause & Effect matrix".
It must correspond to a
tag name and an output
terminal for a module

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Table 13 Matrix part of RCA-PU and RCA-SS State Diagrams (cont’d.)

Information Field Used in K-Chief 700 Data Type Description

System
configured in the K-Chief
700 system.
PCU no (not required) integer > 0 (PCU no.) PCU number for the signal
with the tag “TagName"
and the signal name
“TermName". (For
information only).
Description yes text string Copy of the description
from the K-Chief 700
signal database. (Used for
the creation of a Help file).
TermName yes text string Corresponds to the
terminal name of a module
with the tag "TagName"
that is configured in the
K-Chief 700 system.
Test no character (“ " (blank), “0" Values used for internal
or “1") validation in the diagram
(if requested by the user).
Not yet implemented.
Cause & Effect fields yes character (“X", “C" or “ Input signals
(blank)) corresponding to fields
marked with “X" are
taken into account for
the Boolean value for the
column. For fields marked
with “C", the input signal
is inverted first. (Typically
used for alarms.)
End Line yes ########## This line terminates
the module terminal
connection lines and is
used by the generation
process.

Table 14 Subsystem requirements part of RCA-SS State Diagram

Information Field Used in K-Chief 700 Data Type Description

System
Subsystem in service yes character (“R" - required, These three fields define
“W"- warning “I" - Ignore how the SS is required
or ” “(blank) - don’t care) to operate for the various
states of the PU.

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Table 14 Subsystem requirements part of RCA-SS State Diagram (cont’d.)

Information Field Used in K-Chief 700 Data Type Description

System
Subsystem ready to start yes character (“R" - required, These three fields define
“W"- warning “I" - Ignore the required “ready to
or “ “(blank) - don’t care) start" conditions for the
various states of the PU.
Subsystem standby yes character (“R" - required, These three fields define
equipment Ready “W"- warning “I" - Ignore the SS standby equipment
or ” “(blank) - don’t care) that must be ready to
operate for the various
states of the PU.

6.2.1 Failure analysis

The first step of a failure analysis is to check the RCA System
Process image for “Mode” failures and “Equipment State"
failures. After this, the specific events generated by the RCA
system should be checked.
In the situation where a selected Vessel Control mode fails, the
first reason for the failure will be reported in the event database
and shown in the Historic Event Page of the Event list image
(see Event List images on page 27). The PU that fails and the SS
that causes the failure will also report an event. In addition, the
reason for failure can also be viewed by displaying the Module
Parameters dialog box (see Module Editor topic in the online
AIM User Guide) of the PU and SS modules concerned.
An example of the RCA events that result when a Vessel Control
mode is running and then fails, is shown in the following figure:

Figure 78 RCA Events for a Vessel Control mode failure

Note
The events have been filtered to show only RCA events. This is
achieved by creating an alarm filter (e.g. Group: Mode_RCA)
that allows only events from the RCA Command group to be
displayed (see Event system topic in the online AIM User Guide).

The above example shows the RCA events that are generated
when the DP Vessel Control mode is selected and running, and
then suddenly the generator cooling water pump (PUMP43.01)
stops.

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This causes the “Generator 1 Port" PU module to report that the

pump is "not running" and the corresponding Cooling Water SS
to report both an error and a state change. This, in turn, causes
the DP Vessel Control mode module to report a mode failure. The
mode control module also causes the DP Vessel Control mode
status text field to indicate Invalid.

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7 CARGO AND BALLAST CONTROL

The Cargo and Ballast Control application is a monitoring and
control facility covering onboard liquids such as ballast and
liquid cargo fluids.
It comprises the following stand-alone functions:
• Cargo Control provides monitoring of cargo liquids and
control of cargo handling equipment
• Ballast Control monitors the tank levels of all vessel fluids
used as ballast and controls the pumps and valves of the
vessel’s ballast system
• Load and Stability Calculator is an application running
either on a separate dedicated Load and Stability Calculator
PC, which may communicate with the K-Chief 700 system by
serial line or other interface methods, or on a K-Chief 700 OS
as a 3rd party application program. Stability results from the
load calculator are presented both at the Load and Stability
Calculator and at the Operator Stations.
All monitoring and control functions are available to the operator
at each Operator Station. However, operational control will
normally be restricted to one specific Operator Station by means
of the Command transfer function (see Command Control topic
in the online AIM User Guide).

7.1 Cargo Control

Cargo Control usually has two main Process images, one for the
tanks and the other for the pumps.
From the Cargo Tank Process image you will be able to monitor
the cargo fluid levels, temperatures and pressures within each
tank, and control the valves for filling, emptying and stripping
the tanks.
A typical Cargo Tank Process image is shown in the following
figure:

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Figure 79 Typical Cargo Tank Process image

From the Cargo Pump Process image you will be able to monitor
and control the cargo and stripping pumps together with the
valves for routing of fluids to and from the cargo tanks. This
image may also allow you to monitor and control some of the
auxiliary equipment associated with the cargo pumps.
A typical Cargo Pump Process image is shown in the following
figure:

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Figure 80 Typical Cargo Pump Process image

Other auxiliary equipment and systems associated with Cargo

Control can be viewed in more detail by selecting a second
(lower) level Process image. The contents of these lower
(second) level Process images will depend on the equipment
installed onboard the vessel. For device-specific information,
refer to the user documentation for the device.
The Cargo Control function comprises the following:
• Manual control
• Automatic routing.
Only the basic functions together with their associated
subfunctions are described in the following paragraphs, but other
functions may be implemented for special applications.

7.2 Ballast Control and Ballast Exchange

The Ballast Control function usually has one main Process image
that visualises the entire ballast system. From this image you can
monitor the tank levels of all vessel fluids used as ballast, and
control the ballast system pumps and valves. It will also show
vessel heel and trim data and, if installed on the vessel, include
facilities for communicating with and showing values from an
online Load and Stability Calculator.
A typical Ballast Process image is shown in the following figure:

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Figure 81 Typical Ballast Process image

System and alarm status can be viewed in more detail by

selecting a second (lower) level Process image. The contents
of this lower (second) level Process image will depend on the
equipment installed on board the vessel.
The Cargo Control function comprises the following:
• Manual control
• Route guidance
• Automatic routing
• Heeling control.
Only the basic functions together with their associated
subfunctions are described in the following paragraphs, but other
functions may be implemented for special applications.

7.3 User interface

The Cargo and Ballast Process images show the fluid control
systems. They comprise tank, valve and pump symbols all of
which are interconnected by means of piping and manifolds. You
can monitor the status of each device by displaying the images
and operate them as required by means of the module operation
menus.

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The starting and stopping of pumps and the opening and closing
of the valves is normally a part of the automatic cargo and ballast
tank filling and emptying sequences initiated from the Operator
Station.
In the Manual operation mode, the pumps and valves can be
controlled from the module operation menu for each individual
item of equipment (see Basic Monitoring and Control on
page 36).
In addition to tank, valve and pump symbols, the images may
contain a Global Control module which makes it possible
to control the operation of several tanks, pumps and valves
simultaneously.
The Cargo and Ballast second (lower) level Process images are
displayed using one of the following methods:
• A hot spot on the Ballast Process image or, where applicable,
one of the other second (lower) level Process images.
• The Navigator (see the Toolbars section in the Operator
Station topic in the AIM User Guide).
• The NAVIGATOR (VIEW MAP) button on the Operator panel
(see Automation Panel (BU-AUT) layout on page 35).

7.4 Global Control module

The Global Control module is used to control and monitor the
mode, measurement units and status of several tanks, pumps and
valves simultaneously.

7.4.1 Symbol
The Global Control module symbol comprises a box with
text components that show the current operational state of the
function module.
An example of a Global Control module symbol is shown in the
following figure:

Figure 82 Global Control module symbol

7.4.2 Status indications

The displayed status text varies depending on the selections made
via the commands on the Global Control module operation menu
which are described in Operation menu on page 141.

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The text box at the left of the symbol shows the selected
control mode for the function module, i.e. BALLAST MODE
or STRIPPING MODE.
The MODE: field shows the selected operating mode, i.e.
MANUAL or AUTO.
The UNIT: field shows the units that are being used for the
Measured and Requested Level Values in the tank symbols (see
Symbols on page 143).
Depending on the selection made, via the Global Control module
operation menu, the text displayed in the UNIT: field will be one
of the following:
VOL% Percentage of the tank’s capacity, occupied by the fluid in
the tank.
LEVEL Height of the fluid in the tank (in m)
VOLUME Content of the fluid in the tank (in m3)
WEIGHT Weight of the fluid in the tank (in tonnes)
ULLAGE Height of the free space above the fluid in the tank (in
metres)
DENSITY Density of the fluid in the tank (in tonnes/m3)

7.4.3 Operation menu

Note
The operation menu may differ depending on the software version
of the function module in question.

The commands on the operation menu of a Global Control

module may be as shown on Global Control module operation
menu on page 142.
The command buttons allow you to:
• select the Manual or Automatic operation modes for the
Global Control module. In order to obtain the same result in
the Manual operation mode as the entry of a single command
in the Automatic operation mode, you will have to enter
several commands (one for each step in the sequence), in the
correct order, on different module symbols in the route.
• select the ballast command, which reassigns the normal
emptying route to the Tank Empty function and cancels any
previously selected STRIP command. This command is
available both in the Manual and Automatic operation modes.
• select the strip command, which is an operational control
mode selector that is used when the ballast tanks need to be
completely emptied. This command is available both in the
Manual and Automatic operation modes.

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• terminate an operation, which stops and cancels all operations

that are controlled from the Global Control module. Terminate
operations cannot be recovered. This command is only
available in the Automaticoperation mode.
• set the display unit for tank measurements:
– The Vol% command sets the units of the displayed numeric
measured values for all tanks to % (percentage) volume
of the tank capacity.
– The Level command sets the units of the displayed
numeric measured values for all tanks to m (metres).
– The Volume command sets the units of the displayed
numeric measured values for all tanks to m3 (cubic metres).
– The Weight command sets the units of the displayed
numeric measured values for all tanks to t (tonnes).
– The Ullage command sets the units for the displayed
numeric measured values for all tanks to the free space
above the fluid which is expressed in m (metres).
– The Density command sets the displayed numeric
measured values for all tanks to the density of the ballast
fluid which is expressed in ton/m3 (tonnes/cubic metre).
These commands are available both in the Manual and Automatic
operation modes.

Figure 83 Global Control module operation menu

7.5 Tank modules

Within the Cargo and Ballast Process images there are various
tank modules that are used to control and monitor the contents
of the various Cargo and Ballast tanks. Two main types of tank
modules are used - Tank 1 and Tank 3. Tank 1 is a monitoring
module, whereas Tank 3 is a control and monitoring module.
Tank 3 is normally used together with a Global Control module.

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7.5.1 Symbols
The graphic representation of both tank modules comprises text
components and a symbol with a graphic level indicator. The
piping and manifolds between tanks are not part of the tank
module symbol. However, they are related to the symbols in
order to show emptying and filling routes.

Figure 84 Tank 1 module symbol

Figure 85 Tank 3 module symbol

The Tank Identification is the unique name of the tank.

The Measured Level Value number represents the measurement
performed by the active sensor. The applied measurement
depends on the selection made in the Global Control module
(for example, VOLUME).
If only one sensor is active, the Measured Level Value expresses
the measured level exactly. If two sensors are active, it expresses
the mean value of the two measurements.

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The colour of the Measured Level Value is normally Yellow.

However, if no sensors in the tank are active, it intermediately
changes colour to Brown.
The Requested Level Value number expresses the
operator-defined limit for filling or emptying the tank. The
applied unit to express this limit depends on the selection made
in the Global Control module.
The Numeric Level Indicator shows (numerically) the volume
of fluid in the tank.
The Graphic Level Indicator inside the tank symbol shows
(graphically) the volume of fluid in the tank relative to its
capacity.

7.5.2 Status indications

The colour of the Requested Level Value is White.
The colour of the tank symbol outline indicates the operational
state for the tank. When no operations are active, the outline is
Brown. When an operation has started, the outline is Green.
During a Tank Tank operation, the symbol turns Yellow when the
tank is selected and remains yellow until the operation is started.

7.5.2.1 Tank 3 module operation menu

Note
The operation menu may differ depending on the software version
of the function module in question.

The commands on the operation menu of a Tank 3 module may

be as shown in Tank 3 module operation menu on page 147.
The command buttons allow you to:
• select the TankTank command, which is used to enable the
transport of fluid between two tanks (see Filling a tank from
another tank on page 152). Alternatively, you can either
use the automatic functions Empty and Fill or, in the Global
Control Manual operation mode, operate each valve and pump
in the route in the required order. When the Tank 3 module is
used together with a Global Control module, this command is
available both in the Manual and Automatic operation modes
of the Global Control module.

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• select the Show/Hide Empty command, which is a toggle

command that allows you to switch between highlighting
(show) and turning off (hide) the route that the cargo/ballast
fluid is intended to follow when emptying a tank. Clicking
HIDE EMPTY cancels the effect of a previously selected
SHOW EMPTY command. When the Tank 3 module is used
together with a Global Control module, this command is
available both in the Manual and Automatic operation modes
of the Global Control module.
• select the Show/Hide Fill command, which is a toggle
command that allows you to switch between highlighting
(show) and turning off (hide) the route that the cargo/ballast
fluid is intended to follow when filling a tank. Clicking HIDE
FILL cancels the effect of a previously selected SHOW FILL
command. When the Tank 3 module is used together with a
Global Control module, this command is available both in
the Manual and Automatic operation modes of the Global
Control module.
• select the Empty command, which initiates the sequence of
operations required to empty the tank. You can interrupt the
emptying operation by means of the HALT and TERMINATE
commands. When the Tank 3 module is used together with a
Global Control module, this command is only available when
the Automatic operation mode of the Global Control module
is selected.
• select the Fill command, which initiates the sequence of
operations required to fill the tank. You can interrupt the
filling operation by means of the HALT and TERMINATE
commands. When the Tank 3 module is used together with a
Global Control module, this command is only available when
the Automatic operation mode of the Global Control module
is selected.
• select the Terminate command, which acts as an emergency
stop. It stops and cancels all operations which are controlled
from the Tank 3 module. Terminated operations cannot be
recovered. When the Tank 3 module is used together with a
Global Control module, this command is only available when
the Automatic operation mode of the Global Control module
is selected.
• select the Halt command, which suspends the sequence of
operations initiated by a complex command. When the Tank 3
module is used together with a Global Control module, this
command is only available when the Automatic operation
mode of the Global Control module is selected.

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• select the Continue command, which resumes a sequence of

operations that have been suspended by the HALT command.
When the Tank 3 module is used together with a Global
Control module, this command is only available when the
Automatic operation mode of the Global Control module is
selected.
• select the following commands:
– Vol%, which allows you to enter a relative volume setpoint
for the fluid in the tank in percentage (%) of the tank
capacity. The value acts as a setpoint for automatic tank
operations.
– Level, which allows you to enter a level setpoint in m
(metres). The value acts as a setpoint for automatic tank
operations.
– Vol, which allows you to enter a volume setpoint for the
fluid in the selected tank in m3 (cubic metres). The value
acts as a setpoint for automatic tank operations.
– Weight, which allows you to enter a weight setpoint for the
fluid in the selected tank in t (tonnes). The value acts as a
setpoint for automatic tank operations.
The commands are set via the Numeric input dialog box. When
the Tank 3 module is used together with a Global Control
module, these commands are only available when the Automatic
operation mode of the Global Control module is selected.

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Figure 86 Tank 3 module operation menu

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7.5.3 Routes
The graphic representation of the connections between tank
symbols and their inlets and outlets varies according to the route
indication requests from a specific tank module. Normally, flow
is indicated as opposed to line (pipe) pressure.
The interconnections, including valve and pump symbols which
are not part of the requested route, are Grey. There is no flow
in Grey pipes.
When a request to show the route for a specific tank is made, the
colour of the relevant pipes, valves and pumps changes to White.
There is, however, still no flow.
As the emptying or filling operation proceeds, the pipes and
manifolds change colour to Green to indicate that there is
pressure or flow. Note that valves and pumps have their specific
colour conventions to indicate the closed/stopped, transient and
open/running states.

7.6 Typical procedures

The following procedures are examples and only intended to
illustrate the interaction between the operator and the Ballast
Control function for typical tasks.
All the procedures assume that you have the Ballast Process
image displayed.
Note
The operation menu may differ depending on the software version
of the function module in question.

7.6.1 Filling a tank manually

1 Move the cursor over the Global Control module symbol
and press the left trackball button.
2 Click MANUAL.
The Global Control module operation menu is displayed.
The operational mode indicator changes from AUTO to
MANUAL, and the valve and pump module symbols which
are controlled from the Global Control module, change from
solid to outline.
3 Move the cursor over the module symbol for Tank A and
press the left trackball button.
The Tank A module operation menu is displayed.
4 Click SHOW FILL.
The filling route is highlighted in white.

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5 Move the cursor over the module symbol for the valve in the
route which is closest to the tank and press the left trackball
button.
The Valve module operation menu is displayed.
6 Click OPEN.
The valve operates and changes colour. The part of the route
which is filled with ballast fluid changes colour to Green.
7 Repeat steps 5 and 6 until all valves included in the route
are opened.
It is important to open the valves in the correct order.
8 Move the cursor over the module symbol for the pump and
press the left trackball button.
9 Click START.
When the pump is running, the entire route changes colour to
Green to indicate that the fluid is flowing towards the tank.
Dependent on the type of pump, it may be required to
execute steps 13 and 14 prior to step 10.
10 When the tank is filled up to the required level, move the
cursor over the module symbol for the valve and press the
left trackball button.
11 Click CLOSE.
12 Repeat steps 10 and 11 until all valves in the route are closed.
13 Move the cursor over the module symbol for the pump and
press the left trackball button.
14 Click STOP.
The entire route is now white.
15 Move the cursor over the module symbol for the tank and
press the left trackball button.
16 Click HIDE FILL.

7.6.2 Automatic emptying to a set limit

This procedure assumes that the Global Control module is in
Manual operation mode, the selected measurement is LEVEL and
Tank A is filled up. It describes the interaction required to empty
the tank until the fluid occupies only half the capacity of the tank.

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Figure 87 Different phases of an emptying operation

1 Move the cursor over the module symbol for the Global
Control module and press the left trackball button.
The Global Control module operation menu is displayed.
2 Click AUTO.
The operational mode indicator changes from MANUAL
to AUTO, and the valve and pump symbols which are
controlled from the Global Control module, change from
outline to solid.
3 Move the cursor over the Tank module symbol and press
the left trackball button.
The Tank module operation menu is displayed.
4 Click VOL% and then enter 50 in the displayed Numeric
input dialog box, using the numeric buttons on the Operator
panel. Confirm by clicking the OK button on the dialog box.
The displayed Requested Level Value for Tank A changes to
the value which represents 50% of the total tank capacity.
5 Click EMPTY.
The emptying route is highlighted. Even if the entire system
is under pressure, only the route for the selected tank(s)
turns Green to give a clear presentation of the flow.
Valve and pump symbols in this route change colour
according to their operational status. The route becomes
Green when there is flow in the pipes. As the requested
volume is reached, the valves and pumps operate and the
route indication changes colour from Green to Grey (not
highlighted). Note that the Measured Level Value now
equals the Requested Level Value.

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7.6.3 Interrupting an automatic operation

The start conditions for this procedure are identical with the end
status of the automatic emptying procedure. This procedure
describes how further emptying is initiated, suspended, resumed
and stopped using the commands on the Global Control module
operation menu.

Figure 88 Halt, Continue and Terminate commands

1 Click EMPTY.
The Requested Level Value changes to 0.0, the route is
highlighted and, as the ballast fluid flows through the pipes,
the colour of the route changes to Green.
The Measured Level Value decreases gradually.
2 Click HALT.
The valve and pump symbols in the emptying route operate,
the flow stops and the colour of the route changes from
Green to White.
The route remains highlighted and the Requested Level
Value remains unchanged.
3 Click CONTINUE.
The valve and pump symbols in the emptying route operate,
flow is indicated in the pipes, and the colour of the route
changes from White to Green.
The emptying process is re-established as if step 2 had not
occurred.
4 Click TERMINATE.
The valve and pump symbols in the emptying route operate,
flow in the pipes stops and the colour of the route changes
from Green to Grey.

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The route is no longer highlighted and the Requested Level

Value is set to the same value as the Measured Level Value.

7.6.4 Filling a tank from another tank

In this procedure, Tank A is filled from Tank B and no Requested
Level Value is set in either tank.
1 Move the cursor over the module symbol for Tank B and
press the left trackball button.
2 Click TANK TANK.
The tank symbol outline changes colour to Yellow.
3 Move the cursor over the module symbol for Tank B and
press the left trackball button.
4 Click TANK TANK.
The tank symbol outline changes colour to Yellow, and
the emptying and filling routes between tanks A and B are
highlighted.
5 Click FILL.
The Requested Level Value for Tank A changes to its
maximum value while the Requested Level Value for Tank
B remains unchanged. The filling route for Tank A is
highlighted, and valve and pump symbols change colour
according to the progression of the filling process. The
colour of tank symbols and routes change to Green while
there is flow in the pipes.
The operation is automatically terminated whenever the
Requested Level Value for Tank A is reached or the
Measured Level Value for Tank B becomes 0.00. At this
point the colour route changes to Grey and the tank symbols
change to Brown.

7.6.5 Converting a level value to weight

This procedure assumes that the UNIT: field of the Global Control
module shows LEVEL and the MODE: field shows AUTO.
1 Move the cursor over the Global Control module symbol
and press the left trackball button.
2 Click WEIGHT.
The Requested Level Value and Measured Level Value
for all tanks controlled by the Global Control module are
recalculated. The new Measured Level Value expresses the
weight of the ballast fluid in the tank while the old value
expressed the corresponding level of the fluid in the tank.
Similarly, the Requested Level Value expresses the requested
weight which corresponds with the previously requested
level.

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8 LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS

The Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) application is a monitor
and control facility covering the onboard LNG system. The
application is controlled by the K-Chief 700 system. Operation
of the LNG application will normally be performed at one of
the Operation Stations which are divided into the following OS
groups:
OS groups Main control
CCR Common, Cargo, Ballast, Gas Handling and System
control
ECR Common, Boiler, Machinery and Fire control
Bridge Common and Navigation control.

The configuration and functions of any LNG system will,

however, depend on the vessel concerned, and the design and
specification of the actual LNG system.
The control of all valves, heaters, cargo/spray pumps, vaporizers,
compressors is integrated in the K-Chief 700 system and
monitored by the OSs. All monitoring and control functions are
available to the operator at each OS by viewing relevant process
images. The operational control is, however, normally restricted
to one command location (OS group) by means of the Command
transfer function (see Command Control topic in the online AIM
User Guide). Refer also to the Basic Monitoring and Control
section for general information.
Depending on the vessel concerned, one or more process images
can be viewed in more detail by selecting a lower level process
image. These images may be accessed by the navigator or by
means of hot spots, one for each process image of the system.
The process image visualises the LNG system. However, the
operation may be performed from one of the other OSs, provided
that it has the right privileges.
All deck piping instruments (pressure, temperature, flow) and
valve position indicators are interfaced to K-Chief 700 by remote
in- or output units approved for installations in hazardous areas.
Process control stations for control of compressors, heaters and
vaporizers are normally installed in the Cargo Equipment Room
(CER).
The LNG application will usually provide the functions for the
following main systems:
• Cargo control
• Gas handling
• Boiler control.

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8.1 Cargo control

The K-Chief 700 system includes the following interface or
controls:
• Interface to tank level gauge
• Pump control
• Valve control.
The cargo plant is controlled from the K-Chief 700 system.
Control is performed from the OS in the CCR, and monitoring is
available from all the K-Chief 700 OSs.
Depending on the configuration, one or more process images
may be configured and viewed, and be accessed by means
of hot spots, one for each process image of the system. The
process image visualises the subsystem of the cargo control and
is accessed via the Cargo-Control Process image.
A Load and Stability Calculator is an application running either
on a separate dedicated Load and Stability Calculator PC,
which may communicate with the K-Chief 700 system by serial
line or other interface methods, or on a K-Chief 700 OS as a
3rd party application program. Online and offline operations
are available; offline operation for cargo planning, online for
continuous monitoring of the loading or unloading situations.
These operations are presented both at the load and stability
calculator and at the OS(s).
A typical Cargo-Control Process image is shown as follows:

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Figure 89 Typical Cargo-Control Process image

From the Cargo-Control Process image you can monitor the deck
piping instruments (sensors for pressure, temperature and flow)
and valve position indicators. Temperature pressure sensors
in void spaces are interfaced to the K-Chief 700 by means of
barriers installed in the Process Stations. Process control stations
for control of compressors, heaters and vaporizers are installed
in the CER.

8.2 Gas handling

The LNG gas handling plant is controlled from the K-Chief 700
system. Control is performed from the OS in the CCR, but
operating responsibility can be transferred to the other SVC
operator stations when required. Monitoring is available from
all the K-Chief 700 OSs.
Depending on the configuration, one or more process images
may be configured and viewed, and be accessed by means
of hot spots, one for each process image of the system. The
process image visualises the subsystem of the gas handling and is
accessed via the Gas-Handling Process image.
A typical Gas-Handling Process image is shown as follows:

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Figure 90 Typical Gas-Handling Process image

From the Gas-Handling Process image you can monitor all the
control of valves, heaters, vaporizers and compressors. All deck
piping instruments (pressure, temperature and flow) and valve
position indicators are interfaced to K-Chief 700 by remote in-
or output. Process control stations for control of compressors,
heaters and vaporizers are installed in the CCR.
The gas-handling plant consists of the following main equipment:
• Low-duty gas compressor control
The main task for the low-duty gas compressors is to compress
the boil-off gas from the cargo tanks to a pressure sufficient
for the burners. The main task of the LD Compressor control
logic is to maintain a stable operating point for the fuel gas
control valve.
• High-duty gas compressor control
The high-duty gas compressors are used for return of vapour
to shore during loading, tank purging and tank warming up.
The HD compressor control must maintain a stable vapour
main pressure during these operations.
• Forcing vaporizer control
The forcing vaporizer is used to produce extra LNG gas, either
to increase the LNG gas rate to the burners or to increase the
cargo tank pressure.

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• LNG vaporizer
During unloading, the volume of unloaded LNG has to be
replaced, either from shore via the vapour crossover header
or, if LNG gas is not supplied from shore, by using the LNG
vaporizer. The LNG vaporizer is also used for vaporising N2
for purging of tanks.
• Boil-off gas heating
The main purpose of the vapour heaters is to heat the boil-off
to be used as fuel gas during voyage.
Interface with boiler controller
There is a set of control signals that runs between the boil-off gas
heating control and the boiler controller.

8.3 Boiler control/monitoring

The boiler control is controlled from the K-Chief 700 system.
Control is performed from the OS in the ECR, but monitoring is
available from all the K-Chief 700 OSs.
Depending on the configuration, one or more process images
may be configured and viewed, and be accessed by means of hot
spots, one for each process image of the system. The process
image visualises the subsystem of the boiler control and is
accessed via the Boiler-Control Process image.

8.3.1 Control
A typical Boiler-Control Process image is shown as follows:

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Figure 91 Typical Boiler-Control Process image

The Burner Operation Panel (BNP) contains buttons for control

of sequences and lamps for feedback. The Manual Loader Panel
(MLP) panel controls the control valves manually.
The process image is divided into several areas, which describe
different sub-systems of boiler control. The exact configuration
will depend on the type of boiler control.
The boiler control consists of a number of process
stations/cabinets, normally one station/cabinet for boiler
no. 1, one station/cabinet for boiler no. 2 and one common
station/cabinet for both boilers. These communicate via a dual
network to make a complete boiler management system.
For security reasons, each boiler normally has its own shut-down
cabinet.
Boiler control main functions:
• Start /stop of burners
• Nitrogen purge of gas lines
• Fuel mode changeover
• Burner automatic increase/decrease according to boiler load
• Automatic Fuel Oil (FO) boost-up in case of gas supply failure
• Drum water-level control
• Steam temperature control

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• Atomising steam pressure control

• FO pressure control
• Steam pressure control (including ratio control and
combustion controls)
• Steam dump control
• Local panels with operation.
The boiler control consists of the following main equipment:
• Drum water-level control
The purpose of this system is to keep the water level in the
boiler drum constant. This is done by controlling the feed
water flow to the boiler in accordance with the steam flow from
the boiler and with a correction from drum level measurement.
• Superheated steam temperature control
The purpose of this system is to maintain the superheated
steam temperature constant.
• Atomising steam pressure control
The purpose of this system is to control the atomising steam
pressure to obtain the most suitable levels according to FO
header pressure.
• FO pump discharge pressure control
The purpose of this system is to keep the FO pump outlet
pressure constant.
• Steam pressure control
The purpose of this system is to maintain the steam pressure
at outlet superheater at a constant value. This is done by
controlling the FO flow/FG flow/Air flow.
• Steam dump control
The purpose of this system is to:
— keep the cargo pressure constant by forcing the boilers to
burn excess boilers of gas, or
— prevent over-pressure in the boilers.
• Flame eyes
There are four flame eyes for each of the burners. The two IR
eyes are used for oil flame detection and the two UV eyes are
used for gas flame detection.
• Soot blowing
The soot blowing system can be started, stopped or retracted
from the K-Chief 700. These commands are sent to the
soot-blowing control cabinet.

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8.3.2 Monitoring
In some projects, boiler control is performed by the boiler
manufacturer. In these cases the K-Chief 700 system is interfaced
to the boiler control and performs monitoring and alarm
inititation. A typical Boiler-Monitoring Process image is shown
as follows:

Figure 92 Typical Boiler-Monitoring Process image

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9 EXTENDED ALARM SYSTEMS

9.1 Watch Calling System

9.1.1 Watch Calling System Overview

The watch calling system is designed to allow the engine room to
be periodically unmanned. It consists of:
• Watch Bridge Units (WBU)
• Watch Cabin Units (WCU)
• Operator Stations
The main purposes of Watch Bridge Units are:
• To indicate the Watch Responsible area
• To indicate who is On Duty
• To indicate the current alarm status
• To sound a buzzer whenever a new alarm condition occurs
and someone is On Duty
• To allow you to contact (call) duty personnel
The main purposes of Watch Cabin Units are:
• To indicate who is On Duty
• To indicate the current alarm status
• To indicate when you are being called and who is calling
• To sound a buzzer whenever a new alarm condition occurs

Figure 93 Basic Watch Calling System components

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9.1.2 Watch Calling repeat alarm feature

The repeat alarm feature of the Watch Calling System monitors
all responses to an alarm condition to ensure that the alarm is
acknowledged. The repeat alarm feature distributes the alarms
using three sequences to ensure that the alarm will not go
unacknowledged:

First-time/original alarm
The first-time/original alarm is relayed to:
• The area designated as Watch Responsible
• The On Duty engineers Watch Cabin Units
• The Watch Cabin Units in all public areas

Second-time/1st repeat alarm

If the alarm remains unacknowledged after a set period of time, it
is repeated and relayed to:
• The area designated as Watch Responsible
• The On Duty engineers Watch Cabin Units
• The Watch Cabin Units in all public areas

Third-time/2nd repeat alarm

If the alarm is still not acknowledged, after a set period of time, it
is repeated and relayed to:
• The area designated as Watch Responsible
• The Watch Cabin Units for ALL QUALIFIED engineers
• The Watch Cabin Units in all public areas

9.1.3 Watch Bridge Unit

9.1.3.1 Explanation of controls and indicators

Two different types of Watch Bridge Units are available:
• The LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) type, which has a 4 row by
40 characters display and seven alarm groups.
• The LED (Light Emitting Diode) type, which has nineteen
alarm groups.
The following illustrations describes the main functionality of
the two types.

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Figure 94 Watch Bridge Unit, LCD type

Figure 95 Watch Bridge Unit, LED type

The main difference between the two types is that the LCD type
can display individual alarm messages, whilst the LED type has a
larger number of alarm groups.
• The LCD type will display date and time when no-one is ON
DUTY.
• For the LED type all indicators will be dark when no-one is
ON DUTY.
• The repeat alarm function is activated if an alarm is not
acknowledged within a set period of time.

9.1.3.2 How to adjust illumination for LCD type

panels
1 Background lighting: Push LAMP TEST, then SELECT
and use the arrow buttons.
2 Front lighting: Push LAMP TEST and use the arrow
buttons.

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Figure 96 Illumination adjustment

9.1.3.3 How to adjust illumination for LED type

panels
1 Background lighting: Use the arrow buttons.
2 Front lighting: Push LAMP TEST and then use the arrow
buttons.

9.1.3.4 How to test the panel

1 Push LAMP TEST to check that the LEDs illuminate and
the buzzer sounds.
• If the LEDs remain dark or the buzzer is silent, replace
the panel. There are no field serviceable parts inside.

9.1.4 Watch Cabin Unit

9.1.4.1 Explanation of controls and indicators

Two different types of Watch Cabin Units are available:
• The LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) type, which has a 4 row by
40 characters display and six alarm groups.
• The LED (Light Emitting Diode) type, which has seventeen
alarm groups.
The following illustrations describes the main functionality of
the two types.

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Figure 97 Watch Cabin Unit, LCD type

Figure 98 Watch Cabin Unit, LED type

The main difference between the two types is that the LCD type
can display individual alarm messages, whilst the LED type has a
larger number of alarm groups.
• The LCD type will display date and time when no-one is ON
DUTY.
• For the LED type all indicators will be dark when no-one is
ON DUTY.
• The repeat alarm function is activated if an alarm is not
acknowledged within a set period of time.

9.1.4.2 How to respond to alarms

When an alarm condition occur the buzzer will sound and the
alarm is indicated on the Watch Cabin Unit. Do the following:
1 Push SOUND OFF.
2 Read the alarm information on the display or the text next
to the indicator.

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3 Take appropriate action.

4 Check that the alarm is no longer displayed when the alarm
situation no longer exist.

9.1.4.3 How to adjust illumination for LCD type

panels
1 Background lighting: Push LAMP TEST, then SELECT
and use the arrow buttons.
2 Front lighting: Push LAMP TEST and use the arrow
buttons.

Figure 99 Illumination adjustment

9.1.4.4 How to adjust illumination for LED type

panels
1 Background lighting: Use the arrow buttons.
2 Front lighting: Push LAMP TEST and then use the arrow
buttons.

9.1.4.5 How to test the panel

1 Push LAMP TEST to check that the LEDs illuminate and
the buzzer sounds.
• If the LEDs remain dark or the buzzer is silent, replace
the panel. There are no field serviceable parts inside.

9.2 Operator Fitness Alarm System

9.2.1 System Overview

The Operator Fitness Alarm System (OFAS) is part of the
alarm and monitoring function of the K-Chief 700 system. The
Operator fitness alarm system panels are located in strategic areas
or rooms onboard the vessel.
The illustration below shows a typical OFAS configuration.

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Figure 100 Typical OFAS configuration

The Start Panel, located in the entrance to the engine room, is

connected via a single cable to one of the field stations. This
process station is connected via the Local Area Network (LAN)
to the K-Chief 700 operator stations. The system can be activated
manually from one of the Start Panels located in the entrance to
the engine room or from the dedicated OFAS process image. It
will also be activated automatically by the Watch Calling system
when an Engine zero (E0) alarm is given.
The OFAS reset period is set to 30 minutes and a pre-warning
alarm is activated 5 minutes before the operator fitness/”dead
man” alarm is given. If an activated OFAS is not manually turned
off or reset within the specified reset period, the OFAS/”dead
man” alarm will be given.
The main physical difference between the two types of operator
fitness panels is the number of switches available on the front.
See the illustration below with the Start Panel to the left.

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Figure 101 OFAS panels

9.2.2 Start Panel

The Start panels have a green ON/TEST button, a yellow OFF
button and a red WARNING ALARM indicator lamp. Lamp
test can be performed by pressing the ON/TEST button for more
than 10 seconds.
Pressing the ON/TEST button, the OFAS is activated. A down
count of the allowed work window is then started. The work
window is typically set to 30 min., and a pre-warning is given
after 25 min.
Pressing the OFF button the OFAS is turned off.

9.2.3 Reset Panel

The Reset panels have a green ON/RESET button and a red
WARNING ALARM indicator lamp. Lamp test can be performed
by pressing the ON/RESET button for more than 10 seconds.
Pressing the ON/RESET button the when OFAS is off, the OFAS
is activated. Pressing the ON/RESET button when the OFAS is
active, the down counter is reloaded with its initial value (30
min.) and continues counting down.
The WARNING ALARM indicator on both panel types will start
flashing when the pre-warning time has elapsed (typically after
25 min.). The indication is stopped either by pressing the RESET
button on the OFAS Reset Panel or by pressing the OFF button
either on the OFAS Start Panel or on the OFAS process image.
However, if the RESET or OFF button is not pushed within the
alarm limit time (30 min.), the “dead man” alarm is activated,
and the flashing indicator lamp is steadily lit.

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10 SYSTEM STARTUP AND SHUTDOWN

The K-Chief 700 Operator Stations and Field Stations (controller
cabinets) are usually left with power switched on and the system
fully operational.

10.1 System startup

If the complete system has been shut down for some reason,
for example after maintenance, use the following procedures to
restart the system.
However, if only a part of the system has been shut down (such
as one of the Operator or Field Stations), then only the relevant
station startup procedure needs to be performed.

10.1.1 Uninterruptible Power Supply

At each of the K-Chief 700-related Uninterruptible Power Supply
(UPS) cabinets, switch on power and start up the equipment as
described in the manufacture’s manual.

10.1.2 Power Distribution Units

The following procedure should be performed at each K-Chief
700-related Power Distribution Unit (PDU).
To switch on power at a PDU, proceed as follows:
1 Unlock and open the front door of the PDU.
2 Switch on the 230 (120) VAC circuit breaker.
3 Switch on the 24 VDC circuit breakers.
4 Close and lock the front door of the PDU.

10.1.3 Network Distribution Units

The following procedure should be performed at each K-Chief
700-related Network Distribution Unit (NDU).
To switch on power at a NDU, proceed as follows:
1 Unlock and open the front door of the NDU.
2 Switch on the 230 (120) VAC circuit breaker.
3 Switch on the 24 VDC circuit breakers.
4 Close and lock the front door of the NDU.

10.1.4 Operator Stations

The following procedure should be performed at each K-Chief
700 Operator Station.
To start up an Operator Station, proceed as follows:

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1 Remove the front panel from the computer compartment

below the Operator panel table.
2 Switch on the 230 (120) VAC circuit breakers.
3 Switch on the 24 VDC circuit breakers.
4 Check that the Windows based operating system loads and
performs an automatic log on.
5 After the automatic log on has been completed, check that
the K-Chief 700 Operator Station application software starts
and displays the K-Chief 700 wallpaper picture on the colour
monitor screen.
6 After approximately one and a half minutes, check that the
K-Chief 700 wallpaper picture is replaced by the AIM-2000
splash-screen with a status window at the bottom left
corner showing the starting progress of the configured OS
components.
7 After approximately one more minute, check that the
AIM-2000 splash-screen is replaced by the K-Chief 700
Root Process image.
8 Refit the front panel to the computer compartment below the
Operator panel table.

10.1.5 Field Stations

The Field Stations automatically request and download their
application software from their dedicated server Operator Station.
This means that at least one of the Operator Stations should be
running before you start any of the Field Stations.
The following procedure should be performed at each K-Chief
700 Field Station.
To start up a Field Station, proceed as follows:
1 Open the door of the Field Station.
2 Switch on the 230 (120) VAC circuit breakers.
3 Switch on the 24 VDC circuit breakers.
4 After approximately one minute, check that the RUN LED
on the front panel of each of the RCU or RIO modules
shows green.
5 Close the door of the Field Station.

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10.2 User log on

10.2.1 Logging on
There are four log-on levels: guest, operator, power user and
system user. Often the system is configured with Operator as
default user. After an operator station power on/re-boot it may
be necessary to log on with an appropriate user level if a default
user is not configured.
For operator interactions with the process, e.g. operating a ballast
valve, it requires that you are logged in at the correct operator
level and that Command Control Area “Ballast” is controlled
from the operator station group this operator station is a member
of. It may be necessary to transfer/take command over the
Command Control Area “Ballast” before operating can take
place. See AIM User Guide for details about Command Control.
Rights for the various log-on levels
Logged on as Guest you will not be able to operate on any
Command Group. Logged-on as Operator you will be allowed
to operate the system within the limits of the Command Control
System. Power users will have basically the same rights
as operator, but can in addition set/change alarm limits and
parameter values. As System user you have all power user rights
and in addition all advanced system configuration rights.

10.2.2 Logging on to a different user level

To change user on an OS, proceed as follows:
1 On the File menu, point to →User... and select →Change
User/ Log Off.... The Change User dialog box is displayed.
2 Select the wanted user name from the drop-down list and
type in the applicable password.
3 Click the Change user button. The new user is now logged
on.

10.2.3 Automatic switch to default user on

time-out
The system is often configured with a function that automatically
switch to a default user after a time-out based on operator
inactivity for e.g. 30 min. However, if log-on level is Guest,
this function is not activated.

10.3 System shutdown

If the system has to be stopped for some reason, for example
for maintenance, use the following procedures to shut down the
system.

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However, if only a part of the system requires to be shut down

(such as one of the Operator or Field Stations), then only the
relevant station shutdown procedure needs to be performed.
Note
Shutting down the entire system or any part of it should normally
only be performed after authorisation has been given by the
system administrator.

10.3.1 Field Stations

Caution
Do not turn off units that are shared with other systems
before the consequences are understood and permission
is given from proper authority.

The following procedure should be performed at each K-Chief

700 Field Station.
To shut down a Field Station, proceed as follows:
1 Open the door of the Field Station.
2 Switch off the 24 VDC circuit breakers.
3 Switch off the 230 (120) VAC circuit breakers.
4 Close the door of the Field Station.

10.3.2 Operator Stations

The following procedure should be performed at each K-Chief
700 Operator Station.
To shut down an Operator Station, proceed as follows:
1 If applicable, log on as a member of the Administrators user
group (see Access system in the online AIM User Guide).
2 On the File menu, click Exit.... The Shut Down? dialog
box is displayed.
3 Click the Yes button. The K-Chief 700 Operator Station
application software closes down and you are returned to
a blank Windows Desktop.
4 Using the alphanumeric keyboard, shut down Windows by
pressing Ctrl+Alt+Del.
The Windows Security dialog box is displayed.
5 Click the Shut Down button.
The Windows Shutdown Computer dialog box is displayed.
6 If it is not already selected, click the Shut Down option
button.
7 Click the OK button.

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The Shutdown Computer and Windows Security dialog

boxes are closed and Windows is shut down.
Successful completion of the shutdown is indicated by the
Windows Shutdown Complete dialog box being displayed.
8 Remove the front panel from the computer compartment
below the Operator panel table.
9 When the Windows Shutdown Complete dialog box is
displayed, switch off the 24 VDC circuit breakers.
10 Switch off the 230 VAC circuit breakers.
11 Refit the front panel to the computer compartment below the
Operator panel table.

10.3.3 Network Distribution Units

Caution
Do not turn off units that are shared with other systems
before the consequences are understood and permission
is given from proper authority.

The following procedure should be performed at each K-Chief

700-related NDU.
To switch off power at a NDU, proceed as follows:
1 Unlock and open the front door of the NDU.
2 Switch off the 24 VDC circuit breakers.
3 Switch off the 230 VAC circuit breaker.
4 Close and lock the front door of the NDU.

10.3.4 Power Distribution Units

Caution
Do not turn off units that are shared with other systems
before the consequences are understood and permission
is given from proper authority.

The following procedure should be performed at each K-Chief

700-related PDU.
To switch off power at a PDU, proceed as follows:
1 Unlock and open the front door of the PDU.
2 Switch off the 24 VDC circuit breakers.
3 Switch off the 230 VAC circuit breaker.
4 Close and lock the front door of the PDU.

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10.3.5 Uninterruptible Power Supply

Caution
Do not turn off units that are shared with other systems
before the consequences are understood and permission
is given from proper authority.

At each K-Chief 700-related UPS cabinet, shut down the

equipment and switch off power as described in the manufacture’s
manual.

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 ©2007 Kongsberg Maritime

Kongsberg Maritime AS
P.O.Box 483 Telephone: +47 32 28 50 00
N-3601 Kongsberg, Telefax: +47 32 28 50 10
Norway Service: +47 815 35 355
www.kongsberg.com