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Hash Map

A HashMap stores data in key-value pairs rather than ordered indexes. It allows objects of different types to be used as keys and values. Items can be added to a HashMap using the put() method, accessed using get(), removed using remove(), and iterated through using a for-each loop on the keySet() or values(). The size() method returns the number of items, and clear() removes all items.

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37 views

Hash Map

A HashMap stores data in key-value pairs rather than ordered indexes. It allows objects of different types to be used as keys and values. Items can be added to a HashMap using the put() method, accessed using get(), removed using remove(), and iterated through using a for-each loop on the keySet() or values(). The size() method returns the number of items, and clear() removes all items.

Uploaded by

Lê Đức Minh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Java 

HashMap
❮ PreviousNext ❯

Java HashMap
In the ArrayList chapter, you learned that Arrays store items as an ordered
collection, and you have to access them with an index number (int type).
A HashMap however, store items in "key/value" pairs, and you can access them
by an index of another type (e.g. a String).

One object is used as a key (index) to another object (value). It can store
different types: String keys and Integer values, or the same type,
like: String keys and String values:

Example
Create a HashMap object called capitalCities that will
store String keys and String values:

import java.util.HashMap; // import the HashMap class

HashMap<String, String> capitalCities = new HashMap<String, String>();

Add Items
The HashMap class has many useful methods. For example, to add items to it, use
the put() method:

Example
// Import the HashMap class
import java.util.HashMap;

public class MyClass {

public static void main(String[] args) {

// Create a HashMap object called capitalCities

HashMap<String, String> capitalCities = new HashMap<String,


String>();

// Add keys and values (Country, City)

capitalCities.put("England", "London");

capitalCities.put("Germany", "Berlin");

capitalCities.put("Norway", "Oslo");

capitalCities.put("USA", "Washington DC");

System.out.println(capitalCities);

Run example »

Access an Item
To access a value in the HashMap, use the get() method and refer to its key:

Example
capitalCities.get("England");

Run example »
Remove an Item
To remove an item, use the remove() method and refer to the key:

Example
capitalCities.remove("England");

Run example »

To remove all items, use the clear() method:

Example
capitalCities.clear();

Run example »

HashMap Size
To find out how many items there are, use the size method:

Example
capitalCities.size();

Run example »

Loop Through a HashMap


Loop through the items of a HashMap with a for-each loop.
Note: Use the keySet() method if you only want the keys, and use
the values() method if you only want the values:

Example
// Print keys

for (String i : capitalCities.keySet()) {

System.out.println(i);

Run example »

Example
// Print values

for (String i : capitalCities.values()) {

System.out.println(i);

Run example »

Example
// Print keys and values

for (String i : capitalCities.keySet()) {

System.out.println("key: " + i + " value: " + capitalCities.get(i));

Run example »
Other Types
Keys and values in a HashMap are actually objects. In the examples above, we
used objects of type "String". Remember that a String in Java is an object (not
a primitive type). To use other types, such as int, you must specify an
equivalent wrapper class: Integer. For other primitive types, use: Boolean for
boolean, Character for char, Double for double, etc:

Example
Create a HashMap object called people that will
store String keys and Integer values:

// Import the HashMap class

import java.util.HashMap;

public class MyClass {

public static void main(String[] args) {

// Create a HashMap object called people

HashMap<String, Integer> people = new HashMap<String, Integer>();

// Add keys and values (Name, Age)

people.put("John", 32);

people.put("Steve", 30);

people.put("Angie", 33);

for (String i : people.keySet()) {

System.out.println("key: " + i + " value: " + people.get(i));


}

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