Geometry
Geometry is all about shapes and their properties.
If you like playing with objects or like drawing, then geometry is for you!
Dimensions
In geometry, we can have different dimension.
The number of dimensions is how many values are needed to locate point on a shape.
Point, Line, Plane and Solid
A point has no dimension, only position.
A line is one dimensional.
A plane is two dimensional (2D).
A solid is three dimensional (3D).
Quizzes
1. A three - dimensional shape is called a ----------.
2. A one - dimensional shape is called a ----------.
3. A two - dimensional shape is called a ----------.
4. Which one of the following is not three - dimensional?
A. a square B. a sphere C. a cone D. a cylinder
5. Which one of the following is not two - dimensional?
B. a rectangle B. a parallelogram C. a square prism D. a circle
6. A triangle has ------ dimension(s).
7. A pyramid has -------- dimension(s).
8.
ABCDEF is a rectangular prism (cuboid).
The face ABCD has ----------- dimension(s).
9. In above figure, the side EF has -------- dimension(s).
10. In above figure, the vertex C has --------- dimension(s).
Plane Geometry
Plane geometry is all about shapes on a flat surface (like on an endless piece of paper).
2D shapes
Regular Polygons
A polygon is a plane shape (2D) with straight line.
To be a regular polygon, all the sides and angles must be the same.
Types of polygons
Regular or Irregular
ConcaveAorregular polygon has all angles equal and
Convex
all sides equal, otherwise it is irregular. Ac
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Simple or Complex
A simple polygon has only one boundary
and it doesn’t cross over itself.
A complex polygon intersects itself.
Many rules about polygon don’t work
when it is complex.
Quizzes
1. A six-sided polygon is called a ----------.
2. A four-sided polygon is called a ----------.
3.
Which of the following most accurately describes the
polygon in the diagram?
A. A regular hexagon
B. An irregular convex polygon
C. An irregular concave polygon
D. A complex hexagon
4. Which of the following most accurately describes the
polygon in the diagram?
Other Common Polygon
Triangles
A triangle has three sides and three angles.
The three angles always add to 180 degrees.
Equilateral, Isosceles and Scalene
What type of angle?
Quadrilaterals
Quadrilateral just means four sides.
(Quad = four, lateral = side)
A quadrilateral has four-sides, it is two-dimensional (a flat shape), closed (the lines joined up) and has
straight sides.
Properties
A quadrilateral has
Four sides
Four angles
Interior angles that add to 360 degrees.
Note: Squares, rectangles and rhombuses are all parallelograms.
Curved Shapes
These are also 2D shapes, but are not polygons because they have curves.
Circles
Ellipse
An ellipse usually looks like a squashed circle.
