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Q1) How to check opatch applied or not in our Oracle home?

Answer: ./opatch lsinventory 100 GB of database size while applying opatch it will take 30 mins, so 500
GB of database size how much time it will take to apply opatch. Same 30 Mins, We will apply the opatch
for oracle binary only not for data.

Q2) What is sqlnet.ora ?

Answer: It is used to security of our database, Privileged IP address only able to access the database.
Q3) what are the different components of physical and logical database
structure?

Answer:

physical: Datafile,Controlfiles, redologfiles.

Logical: Database buffer cache, Redo log buffer cache,Shared pool,large pool

Q4) What is Database Writer (DBWR)?

Answer: It is responsible to writing data from database buffer cache into datafiles.

Q5) What is a listener process?

Answer: It is network connectivity, Application and sql developer tool to access database. Lietener.ora
and Tnsnames.ora files are used.

Q6) What is the difference between SPFILE and PFILE?

Answer:

Spfile: Server parameter file of binary file, It contains all the information for setting the database
initialization parameters. SPFILE permits dynamic changes without requiring you to restart that
instance.

Pfile: It is text parameter file, information for setting the database initialization parameters.

Q7) What is the purpose of collecting statistics?

Answer: It will help optimizer to generate best execution plan

Q8) What is an Oracle index?

Answer: It is an database object used to increase the performance for retrieval data.

Q9) If the table is fragmented, how would you rebuild it?

Answer: Alter table tablename move, We can analyze the table.

Q10) What are the different tools that are provided by Oracle to assist
performance monitoring?

Answer: AWR,ADDM,Trace,TKPROF,OEM

Q11) What is an explain plan and how does it help in optimizing the SQL Query?

Answer: We will check if query is using proper indexes are not. If not we will either create new indexes
or can use hints to specify which indexes to use.

Q12) How to analyze AWR report and ADDM report.

Answer:

AWR: AWR report mainly we have to analyze query elapsed time and executions.

ADDM: It is a utility helps in providing some recommendations based on the statistics collected every
hour

Q13) If performance issue will occur, What are the actions need to take ?

Answer: We need to take AWR report and check query elapsed time and how many executions, Query
using proper index or not, or elase we have to analyze table and indexes.Check alertlog any issue
occurred

Q14) What are the different types of backups that are available in Oracle?

Answer:

RMAN

Datapump,Exp/IMP

Cold backup

Q15) RMAN full backup was failed due to archivelogs error, What we will do ?

Answer:

We need to crosscheck the archivelogs.

 crosscheck archivelog all;

delete expired archivelog all;

Q16) How do you identify which sessions are locking the objects? What is the
way to clear them?

Answer: By combining V$locked_object and v$session

Q17) Till yesterday a query is giving output in 1 min. today it is taking 5 min.
how you will troubleshoot this problem?

Answer:

We will start looking at the network issues

Check if the query is changed from yesterday to today

Check table statistics are upto date

Generate explain plan and see where is the problem

Q18) how to import table with different schema and different table and different
tablespace ?

Answer: remap_schema,remap_table,remap_tablespace

Q19) how to check production database and standby database sync ?

Answer:

select max(sequence#) from V$archived_log;

select max(sequence#) from V$log_history;

Q20) Our standby database not in sync with production 10000 archivelogs gap
will be there how to sync with production ?

Answer: We will take SCN based incremental backup from production and applied into standby database
and sync with production.
Q21) How to open standby database read write mode and again how to rollback,
What are options we have to use it.

Answer: Using flashback and restore point option we can open and rollback the standby database.

Q22) Database Components

Answer:

set line 200;

set pagesize 9999;

col COMP_ID format a15;

col COMP_NAME format a50;

select COMP_ID,COMP_NAME,STATUS from dba_registry;

Q23) What makes you mean by Database Normalization?

Answer: Normalization technique is a set of rules that exist used to build this relational database to
prevent data redundancy also dependency. Once original database objects remain classified,
normalization benefits in identifying specific relationships between schema objects.

First Normal Form

Second Normal Form

Third Normal Form

Boyce-Codd Normal Form

Fourth Normal Form

Fifth Normal Form

Q24) How can we identified the resources for which the sessions are waiting?

Answer: We can find out using v$session_waits and v$ system _waits.

Slove : Hope the above set would
have provided you a good knowledge of any of the advanced ideas of Oracle. Just go through those
questions before attending the interview also success will be yours.

Q25) Defined by table partitioning?

Answer: It is a process of sharing a table within smaller chunks so as to obtain the data retrieval simple
and quick. Each piece order is known as a partition also can occur accessed separately.

Q26) How do understanding for row Chaining?

Answer: When a row is too long that it cannot and then it will end up accepting consequent blocks
which can be lead to this concept of Row Chaining. It can signify avoided by refreshing this storage
parameter over an appropriate value.

Q27) Why do we need to rebuild indexes?

Answer: Due to various insert & delete actions, that file gets fragmented & unstructured data, through
creating that relationship slowly. To get data inside these indexes, rebuilding is completed.

Q28) Different tools that are provided by Oracle to assist performance

monitoring?

þÿTKPROF (Transient kernel profiler)

þÿSTATSPACK (Stands for Statistics Package)

þÿADDM (Automated Database Diagnostics Monitor)

þÿAWR (Automatic Workload Repository)

þÿOEM (Oracle Enterprise Manager)

Q29) Different areas where we can perform tuning?

Answer:

Database Design.

Memory Allocation.

Disk I/Os.

Database Contention.
 OS level (CPU).

Q30) How can we monitor these space allocations in a database?

Answer:

DBA_FREE_SPACE

DBA_SEGMENTS

DBA_DATA_FILES

Q31) Defined by Recovery Catalog?

Answer: Recovery Catalog is a means by database schema that holds by the metadata managed by
RMAN for restoration data and recovery data processes.

Q32) What is means by Database Writer?

Answer: DBWR is a background process that writes changed data blocks of defense amounts over this
data file. This changed information blocks move called dirty blocks.

Q33) What are the specific disk components?

Answer:

Data files

Redo Logs

Control files

Password files and

Parameter files

Q34) What is mean by Oracle DBA PGA?

Answer: PGA is a memory distance used by Oracle database. It is expected to save session specific
information.
Q35) When effects DBWR write to the data file?

Answer:

When checkpoint occurs

When number from infected blocks provides a threshold

Every three moments due to timeout

When the server method demands free space in buffer cache to read new blocks.

Q36) What is defined by System Change Number?

Answer: SCN is an ID that Oracle makes to every transaction. It is recorded including those
corresponding variety into a redo approach.

Q37) What is the significance of Oracle DBA?

Answer: The Oracle Certified Professional (OCA/OCP) Database Administrator (DBA) accreditation is
intended to reflect capability in Oracle database engineering, establishment, organization, execution
tuning, and investigating.

Q38) What is Oracle and what is it utilized for?

Answer: An Oracle database is an accumulation of information treated as a unit. The motivation behind a
þÿdatabase is to store and recover related data. & Oracle Database is the primary database intended for
big business framework figuring, the most adaptable and practical approach to oversee data and
applications.

Q39) Clarify the devices which are utilized to fire up an Oracle database?

Answer: You can start up a database with three devices.

SQL*Plus: This is the most generally utilized
choice. You initially associate with an inactive case with SQL*Plus and after that startup the case with
"startup" direction.
Prophet Enterprise Manager: This is another method for beginning up a
database. You can sign in to Oracle Enterprise Manager regardless of whether the database is halted.
OEM will recognize the status of the down database and will introduce you " Startup" catch.
You can start up the database by clicking this catch.
RMAN: This is somewhat a less utilized instrument
for beginning up a database yet it is conceivable to fire up a database from the Recovery Manager
direction line.

Q40) What is Tablespace?

Answer: Prophet utilizes Tablespace for consistent information Storage. Physically, the information will
get put away in Data documents. Information records will be associated with the tablespace. Table space
can have numerous information documents. A tablespace can have objects from various outline's
and construction can have numerous tablespace's. The database makes " Framework
tablespace" as a matter of course amid database creation. It contains read-just information word
reference tables which contain data about the database.

Q41) What is the utilization of checkpoint in Oracle?

Answer: A checkpoint plays out the accompanying three tasks: Every filthy square in the cushion
reserve is kept in touch with the information records. That is, it synchronizes the information hinders in
the support reserve with the datafiles on circle. It's the DBWR that composes all changed database
hinders back to the datafiles.

Q42) What makes up an Oracle Instance?

Answer:

An occurrence is comprised of a mutual memory locale on RAM called System Global Area (SGA) and
foundation forms.

The framework worldwide region is a common memory, which implies it very well may be gotten to by
various procedures. This holds information which is required by the case to work.

The foundation forms are working framework forms and each procedure has a particular obligation in
the case.

The System Global Area and foundation forms are made when the case is "began"

When the occasion is " shut down" the procedures are murdered and the common memory

the district is "discharged" back to the working framework.

Q43) What is the Oracle Home Inventory?

Answer: Prophet home stock or neighborhood stock is available inside every Oracle home. It just
contains data significant to a specific Oracle home.
This document is situated in the accompanying area:
$ORACLE_HOME/stock
It contains the accompanying records and organizers:

Components File

Home Properties File

Other Folders

Q44) What are the articles in a database?

Answer: A database object is any characterized item in a database that is utilized to store or reference
information. A few instances of database objects incorporate tables, sees, bunches, arrangements, files,
and equivalent words. The table is this present hour's center since it is the essential and most
straightforward type of information stockpiling in a social database.

Q45) Rundown the normal assignments of Oracle DBA?

Answer: The undertakings of Oracle DBA as pursues:

Installing Oracle programming

Creating Oracle databases

Performing updates of the database and programming to new discharge levels

Starting up and closing down the database

Managing the database's stockpiling structures

Managing clients and security

Managing diagram objects, for example, tables, files, and perspectives

 Making database reinforcements and performing recuperation when fundamental

Proactively checking the database's wellbeing and making the preventive or remedial move as
required

Monitoring and tuning execution a little to a fair size database condition, you may be the sole individual
playing out these undertakings. In enormous venture conditions, the activity is regularly isolated among
a few DBAs, each with their territory of claim to fame, for example, the database security director or
database tuning master.

Q46) What are the advantages of ORDBMS?

Answer: The items accordingly can be put away in the database. The language of the DBMS can be
coordinated with an item arranged programming language. The language may even be equivalent to that
utilized in the application, which does not constrain the software engineer to have two portrayals of his
items.

Q47) What are the circle parts in Oracle?

Answer: These are the physical parts which get put away in the circle.

Data documents

Redo Log documents

Control documents

Password documents

Parameter documents

Q48) What is the contrast between information square/degree/fragment?

Answer: An information square is the littlest unit of intelligent stockpiling for a database object. As
items develop they take pieces of extra stockpiling that are made out of touching information squares.
These groupings of coterminous information squares are called degrees. Every one of the degrees that
an article takes when gathered are viewed as the portion of the database object.
Q49) What is the contrast among PGA and UGA?

Answer: When you are running committed server at that point procedure data put away inside the
procedure worldwide region (PGA) and when you are utilizing shared server then the procedure data put
away inside the client worldwide region (UGA).

Q50) What are the various kinds of capacity frameworks accessible and which
one is utilized by
Oracle?

Answer: Two kinds of capacity frameworks are accessible: Relational Database Management System
(RDBMS) and Hierarchical Storage Management System (HSM)

Most databases utilize the RDBMS model, Oracle likewise utilizes the RDBMS model.

Hierarchical Storage Management System (HSM)

Information Management System (IMS) from IBM.

Integrated Database Management System (IDMS) from CA.

Q51) Rundown out the real establishment ventures of Oracle programming on

UNIX in a word?

Answer:

Set up the circle and ensure you have Installation document (run Installer) in your dump.

Check the swap and TEMP space.

Fare the accompanying condition factors

ORACLE_BASE

ORACLE_HOME Way

LD_LIBRARY_PATH

TNS_ADMIN

Set up the part parameters and document most extreme descriptors.

 Source the Environment record to the separate slam profile and now run Oracle Universal Installer.

Q52) what are the kinds of shutdown methods of an Oracle database?

Answer:
Ordinary: In this mode, no new associations are permitted and the database is shut after every
one of the sessions detaches themselves.
Quick: No new associations are permitted and the current
dynamic exchanges are moved back. Changes made by a functioning exchange are lost in this
alternative.
Value-based: No new associations are permitted and Oracle holds up until every single
dynamic exchange are finished.
Prematurely end: This happens quickly, notwithstanding, the database
isn't closed down neatly. The database should perform case recuperation next time it is begun. This
choice ought not be utilized in standard exercises.

Q53) What is means by LoG-WRiter(LGWR)?

Answer: LGWR is the background method that writes redo data from redo log buffers before the log
files.

Q54) What is Oracle database?

Answer: Oracle database is used to store and retrieve information. It contains physical and logical
structures. Physical structures are controlled file, datafile and redo log file. The logical structure is a
database, tablespace, segment, extent, and blocks.

Q55) What are datafiles?

Answer: All the tables are stored in data files. The data file has all the data stored.

Q56) How will you recover the database from a loss of a data file?

Answer: The database can be recovered using the backup which is taken already. Using rman we can
recover from the failure.

Q57) How to check the current database name?

Answer: Select name from v$database;

Q58) What is ora-1555 error?

Answer: Snapshot too old error happens when it does not have enough space in the undo. So
increasing the space will solve the problem.

Q59) What are the two involved in network connection to a database?

Answer: TNSNAMES.ORA and SQLNET.ORA

Q60) How will you backup all redo log file from Linux?

Answer: $cp *.log/u01/app/backup/db_name (This command will copy all redo log file.

Q61) How will you backup all datafiles from Linux?

Answer: $cp *.dbf/u01/app/backup/db_name (This command will copy all datafile.

Q62) How will you find the location of pfile?

Answer: > Show parameter pfile;

Q63) What is the use of a control file?

Answer: The control file contains the physical structure of the database, such as the number of log files
and their location. Oracle database server uses a control file to find its physical component.