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Wednesday, September 8, 2021 Notes

The document defines hardware and software components of a computer. It describes internal hardware such as the CPU, motherboard, memory, graphic cards, and sound cards. External hardware includes input, output, and storage devices. Software is defined as instructions that run on a computer and includes application software for specific tasks and system software that runs the computer like operating systems and device drivers. Common applications are described like word processing, spreadsheets, databases, and photo/video editing.

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31 views

Wednesday, September 8, 2021 Notes

The document defines hardware and software components of a computer. It describes internal hardware such as the CPU, motherboard, memory, graphic cards, and sound cards. External hardware includes input, output, and storage devices. Software is defined as instructions that run on a computer and includes application software for specific tasks and system software that runs the computer like operating systems and device drivers. Common applications are described like word processing, spreadsheets, databases, and photo/video editing.

Uploaded by

Bloom Deliora
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Wednesday, September 8, 2021

Notes
 Hardware: Physical parts of a computer or a part that we can physically touch. It can be
internal and external. Each has their specific tasks to perform.
 Internal Hardware:
o CPU: It does all the functions of a computer system. It handles logic gates as well.
The entire processing unit is dependent on amount of operations that it can handle
in a second. More operations can be carried out in lesser time.
o Motherboard: It is the circuit board that distributes power to the CPU, RAM and
other hardware devices to work. It is a printed circuit board that takes care of the
other hardware components. The connecting devices are always connected to the
motherboard as it forms a bridge between the computer and the device.
o Memory: RAM are volatile and ROM is permanent. Data that is needs to be
permanently saved must be stored in ROM.
o Graphic Cards: It is attached to the motherboard and is responsible for the display
on screen.
o Sound Cards: It is attached to the motherboard and is responsible for the sound in
a computer. It manages plugged in musical instruments and their sounds. Apps are
also available because the sounds of the instruments can be mimicked because of
the sound card
o Hard Disk: It stores info.
o Network Card: It is used to connect to the internet and also to set up a network.
o Optical Disk Drive: It allows us to view the contents of a disk and change it
(burning data onto the disk)
o Power Supply: Supplies power to the hardware devices.
 External Hardware:
o Input: Which enters data onto a computer.
o Output: Which takes out data from a computer.
o External Storage Device: Stores data but needs to be plugged in.
Wednesday, September 8, 2021
Notes
 Software: A collection of instruments that can ‘run’ on a computer. These instructions tell
the computer what to do. Software is not a physical thing.
o Application Software: Allow the user to do specific tasks (Task Specific)
 Write a letter/ Present information
 Browse internet
 Make spreadsheets
 Manipulate graphics, sound and video
o System Software: They run the computer.
 Provide a user interface
 Device drivers: Allow hardware components to work in a computer
 Utility software maintains computer performance: Disk defragmenters,
System Profilers, Network Managers, Application Launchers, Antivirus
software, Backup software, Disk repair, Disk Cleaners, Registry Cleaners,
Disk Space analyzer, file manager, File Compression, Data Security
 Application Software:
o Word Processing: Used to prepare reports, school essays
 Create new or edit documents
 Formatting tools
 Create Font styles
 Importing tables/ images
 Spell Check
 Copy/ Paste
 Find/ Replace
 Page Layout
o Spreadsheet: Use to create, to organize and manipulate numeric data.
 Use of various formulas to carry out set tasks:
 Sum, max, min, average
 Count, CountA
 Countif and SumIF
 Look ups
o Database
o Photo Editing: Used to edit digital images to either touch up or to apply various
formatting techniques.
 Contrast/Brightness
 Use of layers
 Filter Tools
 Lighting effects
 Liquifying (change features of a face)
 Brush tools
 Clone/Stamp tool
o Graphics Manipulation: Used to create and edit bitmap and vector graphics.
 Pixels in bitmap images can be changed to produce a different image.
 Vector images:
 Line Curves
o Video Editing: Used to edit and format videos
o Apps: Software which runs on mobile phones. They usually come with the phone
or can be downloaded and updated.
o Measuring and Control Software: Measuring and control software which are
responsible for changing physical conditions in an environment.
 System Software
o Operating System: Manages computer functions including hardware devices
o Device Drivers: Allows hardware devices to run on the computer including
printers, sound graphics and network cards
o Utilities: Help manage and maintain computer resources and performance by
running specific tasks.
o Linkers: Combines object files produced by a compiler into a single program
o Compilers: Translates a program written in a specific language which can be
understood by the computer.

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