FLUID MECHANICS Multiple Choice mass of fluid is

Questions :- a) at the centroid of the submerged area b)

1. Pascal-second is the unit of always above the centroid of the area
a) pressure b) kinematic viscosity c) dynamic c) always below the centroid of the area d) none
viscosity d) surface tension of the above
Ans: c Ans: c
2. An ideal fluid is 9. The total pressure on a plane surface
a) one which obeys Newton’s law of viscosity b) inclined at an angle 9 with the horizontal is
frictionless and incompressible equal to
c) very viscous d) frictionless and compressible a) PA b) pA sin 9 c) pA cos 9 d) pA tan 9
Ans: b where p is pressure intensity at centroid of area
3. The unit of kinematic viscosity is and A is area of plane surface.
a) gm/cm-sec2 b) dyne-sec/cm2 c) gm/cm2-sec Ans: a
d) cm2/sec 10. A vertical rectangular plane surface is
Ans: d submerged in water such that its top and
4. If the dynamic viscosity of a fluid is 0.5 bottom surfaces are 1.5 m and 6.0 m res-
poise and specific gravity is 0.5, then the pectively below the free surface. The position
kinematic viscosity of that fluid in stokes is of center of pressure below the free surface
a) 0.25 b) 0.50 c) 1.0 d) none of the above will be at a distance of
Ans: c a) 3.75 m b) 4.0 m c) 4.2m d) 4.5m
5. The viscosity of a gas Ans: c
a) decreases with increase in temperature b) 11. Centre of buoyancy always
increases with increase in temperature a) coincides with the centre of gravity b)
c) is independent of temperature d) is coincides with the centroid of the volume of
independent of pressure for very high pressure fluid displaced
intensities c) remains above the centre of gravity d)
Ans: b remains below the centre of gravity
Ans: b
6. Newton’s law of viscosity relates 12. If the weight of a body immersed in a
a) intensity of pressure and rate of angular fluid exceeds the buoyant force, then the
deformation b) shear stress and rate of angular body will
deformation a) rise until its weight equals the buoyant force
c) shear stress, viscosity and temperature d) b) tend to move downward and it may finally
viscosity and rate of angular deformation sink c) float d) none of the above
Ans: b Ans: b
7. An open tank contains 1 m deep water with 13. Metacentric height for small values of
50 cm depth of oil of specific gravity 0.8 angle of heel is the distance between the
above it. The intensity of pressure at the a) centre of gravity and centre of buoyancy b)
bottom of tank will be centre of gravity and metacentre
a) 4 kN/m2 b) 10 kN/m2 c) 12 kN/m2 d) 14 c) centre of buoyancy and metacenter d) free
kN/m2 surface and centre of buoyancy
Ans: d Ans: b
8. The position of center of pressure on a 14. A floating body is said to be in a state of
plane surface immersed vertically in a static stable equilibrium
a) when its metacentric height is zero b) when 20. An open cubical tank of 2 m side is filled
the metacentre is above the centre of gravity with water. If the tank is rotated with an
c) when the metacentre is below the centre of acceleration such that half of the water spills
gravity d) only when its centre of gravity is out, then the acceleration is equal to
below its centre of buoyancy a) g/3 b) g/2 c) 2g/3 d) g
Ans: b Ans: d
15. The increase in meta centric height 21. A right circular cylinder open at the top is
i) increases stability ii) decreases stability iii) filled with liquid and rotated about its
increases comfort for passengers vertical axis at such a speed that half the
iv) decreases comfort for passengers liquid spills out, then the pressure intensity
The correct answer is at the center of bottom is
a) (i) and (iii) b) (i)and(iv) c) (ii) and (iii) d) (ii) a) zero b) one-fourth its value when cylinder
and (iv) was full
Ans: b c) one-half its value when cylinder was full d)
16. A rectangular block 2 m long, 1 m wide cannot be predicted from the given data
and 1 m deep floats in water, the depth of Ans: a
immersion being 0.5 m. If water weighs 10 22. The horizontal component of force on a
kN/m3, then the weight of the block is curved surface is equal to the
a) 5kN b) lOkN c) 15 kN d) 20 kN a) product of pressure intensity at its centroid
Ans: b and area
17. The point in the immersed body through b) force on a vertical projection of the curved
which the resultant pressure of the liquid surface
may be taken to act is known as c) weight of liquid vertically above the curved
a) center of gravity b) center of buoyancy c) surface
center of pressure d) metacentre d) force on the horizontal projection of the
Ans: c curved surface
18. If a vessel containing liquid moves Ans: b
downward with a constant acceleration equal 23. A closed tank containing water is moving
to ‘g’ then in a horizontal direction along a straight
a) the pressure throughout the liquid mass is line at a constant speed. The tank also
atmospheric b) there will be vacuum in the contains a steel ball and a bubble of air. If the
liquid tank is decelerated horizontally, then
c) the pressure in the liquid mass is greater than i) the ball will move to the front ii) the bubble
hydrostatic pressure d) none of the above will move to the front
Ans: a iii) the ball will move to the rear
19. When a liquid rotates at a constant iv) the bubble will move to the rear Find out
angular velocity about a vertical axis as a which of the above statements are correct ?
rigid a) (i) and (ii) b) (i)and(iv) c) (ii) and (iii) d) (iii)
body, the pressure intensity varies and (iv)
a) linearly with radial distance b) as the square Ans: b
of the radial distance 24. The eddy viscosity for turbulent flow is
c) inversely as the square of the radial distance a) a function of temperature only b) a physical
d) inversely as the radial distance property of the fluid.
Ans: b c) dependent on the flow d) independent of the
flow 31. The continuity equation
Ans: c 𝝆1 𝑉1 𝐴1 = 𝝆2 𝑉2 𝐴2 is based on the following
25. Flow at constant rate through a tapering assumption regarding flow of fluid
pipe is a) steady flow b) uniform flow c) incompressible
i) steady flow ii) uniform flow iii) unsteady flow flow d) frictionless flow
iv) non-uniform flow where pi and p2 are mass densities.
The correct answer is Ans: a
a) (i) and (ii) b) (i)and(iv) c) (ii) and (iii) d) (ii) 32. Which of the following velocity potentials
and (iv) satisfies continuity equation ?
Ans: b a) x2y b) x2-y2 c) cosx d) x2 + y2
26. In a two dimensional incompressible Ans: b
steady flow around an airfoil, the stream 33. The motion of air mass in a tornado is a
lines are 2 cm apart at a great distance from a) free vortex motion b) forced vortex motion
the airfoil, where the velocity is 30 c) free vortex at center and forced vortex outside
m/sec. The velocity near the airfoil, where the d) forced vortex at center and free vortex outside
stream lines are 1.5 cm apart, is Ans: d
a) 22.5 m/sec. b) 33 m/sec. c) 40 m/sec. d) 90 34. In a forced vortex motion, the velocity of
m/sec. flow is
Ans: c a) directly proportional to its radial distance
27. When the velocity distribution is uniform from axis of rotation
over the cross-section, the correction b) inversely proportional to its radial distance
factor for momentum is from the axis of rotation
a) 0 b) 1 c) 4/3 d) 2 c) inversely proportional to the square of its
Ans: b radial distance from the axis of rotation
28. Least possible value of correction factor d) directly proportional to the square of its radial
for distance from the axis of rotation
i) kinetic energy is zero ii) kinetic energy is 1 iii) Ans: a
momentum is zero iv) momentum is 1 35. Stream lines and path lines always
The correct statements are coincide in case of
a) (i) and (iii) b) (ii) and (iii) c) (i) and (iv) d) (ii) a) steady flow b) laminar flow c) uniform flow
and (iv) d) turbulent flow
Ans: d Ans: a
29. If the velocity is zero over half of the 36. Equation of continuity is based on the
cross-sectional area and is uniform over the principle of conservation of
remaining half, then the momentum a) mass b) energy c) momentum d) none of the
correction factor is above
a) 1 b) 4/3 c) 2 d) 4 Ans: a
Ans: c 37. In steady flow of a fluid, the total accele
30. If velocity is zero over l/3rd of a cross- ration of any fluid particle
section and is uniform over remaining a) can be zero b) is never zero c) is always zero
2/3rd of the cross-section, then the correction d) is independent of coordinates
factor for kinetic energy is Ans: a
a) 4/3 b) 3/2 c) 9/4 d) 27/8 38. The pitot tube is used to measure
Ans: c a) velocity at stagnation point b) stagnation
pressure c) static pressure d) dynamic pressure c) Discharge is independent of orientation of
Ans: b venturimeter whether it is horizontal, vertical or
39. Hot wire anemometer is used to measure inclined.
a) discharge b) velocity of gas c) pressure d) None of the above statement is correct.
intensity of gas d) pressure intensity of liquid Ans: d
Ans: b 47. Coefficient of velocity of venturimeter
40. The theoretical value of coefficient of a) is independent of Reynolds number b)
contraction of a sharp edged orifice is decreases with higher Reynolds number
a) 0.611 b) 0.85 c) 0.98 d) 1.00 c) is equal to the coefficient of discharge of
Ans: a venturimeter d) none of the above
41. Which of the following is used to measure Ans: c
the discharge ? 48. The pressure at the summit of a syphon is
a) current meter b) venturimeter c) pitot tube d) a) equal to atmospheric b) less than atmospheric
hotwire anemometer c) more than atmospheric d) none of the above
Ans: b Ans: b
42. Select the incorrect statement. 49. Ay between two stream lines represents
a) The pressure intensity at vena contracta is a) velocity b) discharge c) head d) pressure
atmospheric. Ans: b
b) Contraction is least at vena contracta. 50. Coefficient of velocity for Borda’s mouth
c) Stream lines are parallel throughout the jet at piece running full is
vena contracta. a) 0.611 b) 0.707 c) 0.855 d) 1.00
d) Coefficient of contraction is always less than Ans: b
one. 51. Coefficient of discharge for a totally
Ans: c submerged orifice as compared to that for an
43. Size of a venturimeter is specified by orifice
a) pipe diameter b) throat diameter c) angle of discharging free is
diverging section a) slightly less b) slightly more c) nearly half d)
d) both pipe diameter as well as throat diameter equal
Ans: a Ans: a
44. Due to each end contraction, the 52. The major loss of energy in long pipes is
discharge of rectangular sharp crested weir is due to
reduced by a) sudden enlargement b) sudden contraction c)
a) 5% b) 10% c) 15% d) 20% gradual contraction or enlargement
Ans: a d) friction
45. The discharge through a V- notch varies Ans: d
as 53. Coefficient of contraction for an external
a) H1/2 b) H3/2 c) H5/2 d) H5/4 where H is head. cylindrical mouthpiece is
Ans: c a) 1.00 b) 0.855 c) 0.7H d) 0.611
46. Which of the following is an incorrect Ans: a
statement ? 54. Which of the following has highest
a) Coefficient of contraction of a venturimeter is coefficient of discharge ?
unity. a) sharp edged orifice b) venturimeter c) Borda’s
b) Flow nozzle is cheaper than venturimeter but mouthpiece running full d) CipoUetti weir
has higher energy loss. Ans: b
55. In a Sutro weir, the discharge is b) log-log plot of relative roughness against
proportional to Reynolds number
a) H1/2 b) H3/2 c) H5/2 d) H where H is head. c) semi-log plot of friction factor against
Ans: d Reynolds number
56. The discharge over a broad crested weir is d) semi-log plot of friction factor against relative
maximum when the depth of flow is roughness
a) H/3 b) H/2 c) 2 H/5 d) 2 H/3 where H is the Ans: a
available head. 62. The depth ‘d’ below the free surface at
Ans: d which the point velocity is equal to the
57. Which of the following statements is average velocity of flow for a uniform
correct? laminar flow with a free surface, will be
a) Lower critical Reynolds number is of no a) 0.423 D b) 0.577 D c) 0.223 D d) 0.707 D
practical significance in pipe flow problems. where D is the depth of flow.
b) Upper critical Reynolds number is significant Ans: b
in pipe flow problems. 63. The boundary layer thickness in turbulent
c) Lower critical Reynolds number has the value flow varies as
2000 in pipe flow a) x”7 b) x,/2 c) x4/5 d) x3/5 where x is the
d) Upper critical Reynolds number is the number distance from leading edge.
at which turbulent flow changes to laminar flow. Ans: c
Ans: a 64. The distance y from pipe boundary, at
58. For a sphere of radius 15 cm moving with which the point velocity is equal to average
a uniform velocity of 2 m/sec through a liquid velocity for turbulent flow, is
of specific gravity 0.9 and dynamic viscosity a) 0.223 R b) 0.423 R c) 0.577 R d) 0.707 R
0.8 poise, the Reynolds number will be where R is radius of pipe.
a) 300 b) 337.5 c) 600 d) 675 Ans: a
Ans: d 65. If a sphere of diameter 1 cm falls in castor
59. The shear stress distribution for a fluid oil of kinematic viscosity 10 stokes, with a
flowing in between the parallel plates, both at terminal velocity of 1.5 cm/sec, the coefficient
rest, is of drag on the sphere is
a) constant over the cross section b) parabolic a) less than 1 b) between 1 and 100 c) 160 d)
distribution across the section 200
c) zero at the mid plane and varies linearly with Ans: c
distance from mid plane 66. In case of an airfoil, the separation of flow
d) zero at plates and increases linearly to occurs
midpoint a) at the extreme rear of body b) at the extreme
Ans: c front of body c) midway between rear and front
60. If x is the distance from leading edge, then of body d) any where between rear and front of
the boundary layer thickness in laminar flow body depending upon Reynolds number
varies as Ans: a
a) x b) x c) x d) x/7 67. When an ideal fluid flows past a sphere,
Ans: a a) highest intensity of pressure occurs around the
61. Stanton diagram is a circumference at right angles to flow
a) log-log plot of friction factor against b) lowest pressure intensity occurs at front
Reynolds number stagnation point
c) lowest pressure intensity occurs at rear Ans: c
stagnation point 74. The ratio of average velocity to maximum
d) total drag is zero velocity for steady laminar flow in
Ans: d circular pipes is
68. With the same cross-sectional area and a) ½ b) 2/3 c) 3/2 d) 2
immersed in same turbulent flow, the largest Ans: a
total drag will be on 75. The distance from pipe boundary, at
a) a circular disc of plate held normal to flow b) which the turbulent shear stress is one-third
a sphere c) a cylinder d) a streamlined body die wall shear stress, is
Ans: a a) 1/3 R b) 1/2 R c) 2/3 R d) 3/4R where R is the
69. In which of the following the friction drag radius of pipe.
is generally larger than pressure drag? Ans: a
a) a circular disc or plate held normal to flow b) 76. The discharge of a liquid of kinematic
a sphere c) a cylinder d) an airfoil viscosity 4 cm2/sec through a 8 cm diameter
Ans: d pipe is 3200 cm3/sec. The type of flow
70. For hydro-dynamically smooth boundary, expected is
the friction coefficient for turbulent a) laminar flow b) transition flow c) turbulent
flow is flow d) not predictable from the given data
a) constant b) dependent only on Reynolds Ans: a
number c) a function of Reynolds number and 77. The Prartdtl mixing length is
relative roughness d) dependent on relative a) zero at the pipe wall b) maximum at the pipe
roughness only wall c) independent of shear stress
Ans: b d) none of the above
71. The value of friction factor ‘f’ for smooth Ans: a
pipes for Reynolds number 106 is 78. The velocity distribution for laminar flow
approximately equal to through a circular tube
a) 0.1 b) 0.01 c) 0.001 d) 0.0001 a) is constant over the cross-section b) varies
Ans: b linearly from zero at walls to maximum at centre
72. For laminar flow in a pipe of circular c) varies parabolically with maximum at the
cross-section, the Darcy’s friction factor f is centre d) none of the above
a) directly proportional to Reynolds number and Ans: c
independent of pipe wall roughness 79. A fluid of kinematic viscosity 0.4 cm2/sec
b) directly proportional to pipe wall roughness flows through a 8 cm diameter pipe. The
and independent of Reynolds number maximum velocity for laminar flow will be
c) inversely proportional to Reynolds number a) less than 1 m/sec b) 1 m/sec c) 1.5 m/sec d) 2
and indpendent of pipe wall roughness m/sec
d) inversely proportional to Reynolds number Ans: b
and directly proportional to pipe wall roughness 80. The losses are more in
Ans: c a) laminar flow b) transition flow c) turbulent
73. Separation of flow occurs when flow d) critical flow
a) the pressure intensity reaches a minimum b) Ans: c
the cross-section of a channel is reduced 81. The wake
c) the boundary layer comes to rest d) all of the a) always occurs before a separation point b)
above always occurs after a separation point
c) is a region of high pressure intensity d) none 88. The speed of a pressure wave through a
of the above pipe depends upon
Ans: b a) the length of pipe b) the viscosity of fluid c)
82. The maximum thickness of boundary the bulk modulus for the fluid
layer in a pipe of radius r is d) the original head
a) 0 b) r/2 c) r d) 2r Ans: c
Ans: c 89. When time of closure tc = L/v (where L is
83. The hydraulic grade line is length of pipe and v is speed of
a) always above the centre line of pipe b) never pressure wave), the portion of pipe length
above the energy grade line subjected to maximum head is
c) always sloping downward in the direction of a) L/4 b) L/3 c) L/2 d) L
flow d) all of the above Ans: a
Ans: b 90. If the elevation of hydraulic grade line at
84. Two pipe systems are said to be the junction of three pipes is above the
equivalent when elevation of reservoirs B and C and below
a) head loss and discharge are same in two reservoir A, then the direction of flow will
systems be
b) length of pipe and discharge are same in two a) from reservoir A to reservoirs B and C b)
systems from reservoir B to reservoirs C and A
c) friction factor and length are same in two c) from reservoir C to reservoirs A and B d)
systems unpredictable
d) length and diameter are same in two systems Ans: c
Ans: a 91. The length of a pipe is 1 km and its
85. In series-pipe problems diameter is 20 cm. If the diameter of an
a) the head loss is same through each pipe equivalent pipe is 40 cm, then its length is
b) the discharge is same through each pipe a) 32 km b) 20 km c) 8 km d) 4 km
c) a trial solution is not necessary Ans: a
d) the discharge through each pipe is added to 92. Two pipes of same length and diameters d
obtain total discharge and 2d respectively are connected in
Ans: b series. The diameter of an equivalent pipe of
86. Select the correct statement. same length is
a) The absolute roughness of a pipe de-creases a) less than d b) between d and 1.5 d c) between
with time. 1.5 d and 2d d) greater than 2d
b) A pipe becomes smooth after using for long Ans: a
time. 93. The horse power transmitted through a
c) The friction factor decreases with time. pipe is maximum when the ratio of loss of
d) The absolute roughness increases with time. head due to friction and total head supplied is
Ans: d a) 1/3 b) ¼ c) ½ d) 2/3
87. A valve is suddenly closed in a water main Ans: a
in which the velocity is 1 m/sec and 94. The boundary layer thickness at a
velocity of pressure wave is 981 m/ sec. The distance of l m from the leading edge of a flat
inertia head at the valve will be plate, kept at zero angle of incidence to the
a) 1 m b) 10m c) 100m d) none of the above flow direction, is O.l cm. The velocity
Ans: c outside the boundary layer is 25 ml sec. The
boundary layer thickness at a distance of 4 m
is
a) 0.40 cm b) 0.20 cm c) 0.10 cm d) 0.05 cm
Assume that boundary layer is entirely laminar.
Ans: b
95. Drag force is a function of
i) projected area of the body ii) mass density
of the fluid iii) velocity of the body
The correct answer is
a) (i) and (ii) b) (i) and (iii) c) (ii) and (iii) d) (i),
(ii) and (iii)
Ans: d
96. The correct relationship among
displacement thickness d, momentum
thickness
m and energy thickness e is
a) d > m > e b) d > e > m c) e > m > d d) e > d >
m
Ans: d
97. For laminar flow in circular pipes, the
Darcy’s friction factor f is equal to
a) 16/Re b) 32/ Re c) 64/ Re d) none of the
above where R,, is Reynolds number.
Ans: c
100. Surge wave in a rectangular channel is
an example of
i) steady flow
ii) unsteady flow
iii) uniform flow
iv) non-uniform flow
The correct answer is
a) (i) and (iii) b) (ii) and (iii) c) (i) and (:v) d) (ii)
and (iv)
Ans: d