Universidad de Guanajuato, DICIS.

Termodinámica.

Homework #5. Control Volume Analysis Using Energy.

4.12. Liquid water enters a boiler at 1000 lbf/in2 and 120°F with a mass flow rate of 3 × 106 lb/h
and flows through a number of 1-in-diameter tubes. At steady state, how many tubes are needed if
the velocity in each tube must be less than 20 ft/s?

4.19. Liquid water at 70°F enters a pump with a volumetric flow rate of 7 ft3/min through an inlet
pipe having a diameter of 6 in. The pump operates at steady state and supplies water to two exit
pipes having diameters of 2 and 4 in, respectively. The mass flow rate of water in the smaller of the
two exit pipes is 4 lb/s, and the temperature of the water exiting each pipe is 72°F. Determine the
water velocity in each of the exit pipes, in ft/s.

4.22. Air as an ideal gas at 70°F, 14.7 lbf/in2, enters a control volume operating at steady state with
a volumetric flow rate of 2000 ft3/min and exits at 40°F. A separate stream of liquid water enters at
90°F and exits at 105°F. The power input is 10 horsepower, and there is no heat transfer from the
control volume to its surroundings. Neglecting kinetic and potential energy effects, determine the
mass flow rate of the water stream, in lb/min.

4.29. Air enters an insulated diffuser operating at steady state with a pressure of 0.7 bar, a
temperature of 57°C, and a velocity of 200 m/s. At the exit, the pressure is 1.0 bar. The exit flow
area is 20% greater than the inlet flow area. Potential energy effects can be neglected. Using the
ideal gas model with a constant specific heat cp evaluated at the inlet temperature, determine at the
exit
(a) The temperature, in K.
(b) The velocity, in m/s.

4.34. Air expands through a turbine operating at steady state. At the inlet, p1 = 150 lbf/in2, T1 =
1500°R, and at the exit, p2 = 14.5 lbf/in2. The volumetric flow rate of air entering the turbine is
3000 ft3/min, and the power developed is 3400 horsepower. Neglecting heat transfer and kinetic and
potential energy effects, determine the exit temperature, T2, in °R.

4.38. Steam enters a well-insulated turbine operating at steady state with negligible velocity at 4
MPa, 320°C. The steam expands to an exit pressure of 0.07 MPa, a specific volume of 2.19 m3/kg,
and a velocity of 90 m/s. the diameter of the exit is 0.6 m. Neglecting potential energy effects,
determine the power developed by the turbine, in kW.

Dr. Francisco Elizalde Blancas

4.45. A compressor operates at steady state with Refrigerant 134a as the working fluid. The
refrigerant enters at 0.2 MPa, 0°C, with a volumetric flow rate of 0.6 m3/min. The diameters of the
inlet and exit pipes are 3 and 1.5 cm, respectively. At the exit, the pressure is 1.0 MPa and the
temperature is 50°C. If the compressor power input is 3 kW, what is the rate of heat transfer, in
kW?

4.51. Air enters a compressor operating at steady state with a volumetric flow rate of 37 m3/min at
136 kPa, 305 K and exits with a pressure of 680 kPa and a specific volume of 0.1686 m3/kg. The
work input to the compressor is 161.5 kJ per kg of air flowing. Energy transfer from the air to
cooling water circulating in a water jacket enclosing the compressor results in an increase in the
temperature of the cooling water of 11°C with no change in pressure. Neglecting heat transfer from
the outside of the jacket as well as all kinetic and potential energy effects, what is the mass flow rate
of the cooling water, in kg/min?

4.63. As shown in Fig. P4.63, steam enters a de-super-heater operating at steady state at 30 bars,
320°C, where it is mixed with liquid water at 25 bars, 200°C to produce saturated vapor at 20 bars.
Heat transfer between the device and its surroundings and kinetic and potential energy effects can
be neglected. Determine the mass flow rate of liquid, in kg/h, for a steam mass flow rate of 50,000
kg/h.

50,000 kg/h

4.66. Refrigerant 134a enters the expansion valve of a refrigeration system with a pressure of 1.2
MPa and exits at 0.24 MPa with a quality of x = 0.3 (30%). If the refrigerant undergoes a throttling
process, what is the temperature, in °C, of the refrigerant entering the expansion valve?

4.73. Refrigerant 134a enters the flash chamber shown in Fig. P4.73 at 10 bars, 36°C, with a mass
flow rate of 482 kg/h. Saturated liquid and saturated vapor exit as separate streams at 4 bars. Heat
transfer to the surroundings and kinetic and potential energy effects can be ignored. For steady state
operation, determine the mass flow rates of the liquid and vapor streams, in kg/h.

Dr. Francisco Elizalde Blancas

4.76. A residential heat pump system operating at steady state is shown schematically in Fig. P4.76.
Refrigerant 134a circulates through the component of the system, and property data at the numbered
locations are given on the figure. The mass flow rate of the refrigerant is 4.6 kg/min. Kinetic and
potential energy effects are negligible. Determine the rates of heat transfer, in kJ/min
(a) From the refrigerant to the return air passing through the condenser.
(b) Between the compressor and the surroundings.
(c) From the outside air to the refrigerant passing through the evaporator.

Dr. Francisco Elizalde Blancas