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DHCP Services

DHCP assigns IP addresses and other network configuration parameters to devices on a network. It consists of a central DHCP server that manages a pool of IP addresses and configuration parameters. When a device connects to the network, it sends a DHCP discover packet to request an IP address from the server. The server responds with an offer packet containing an available IP address. The client then sends a request packet, and the server acknowledges by sending the assigned IP address. The server manages IP addresses within configured address ranges called scopes.

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34 views4 pages

DHCP Services

DHCP assigns IP addresses and other network configuration parameters to devices on a network. It consists of a central DHCP server that manages a pool of IP addresses and configuration parameters. When a device connects to the network, it sends a DHCP discover packet to request an IP address from the server. The server responds with an offer packet containing an available IP address. The client then sends a request packet, and the server acknowledges by sending the assigned IP address. The server manages IP addresses within configured address ranges called scopes.

Uploaded by

Syed Zahid Khadri
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DHCP Services

DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol and the server which is responsible for the service is called
DHCP Server.
The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a network management protocol used on Internet Protocol (IP) networks
for automatically assigning IP addresses and other communication parameters to devices connected to the network using
a client–server architecture.
The technology eliminates the need for individually configuring network devices manually, and consists of two network
components, a centrally installed network DHCP server and client instances of the protocol stack on each computer or device.
When connected to the network, and periodically thereafter, a client requests a set of parameters from the DHCP server using
the DHCP protocol.

In simple words, the server will provide Automatic IP address and other Network
information like DNS servers etc. from it’s scope to the clients on the network

DHCP Server
Scope:
192.168.1.10-
192.168.1.100
DORA Process
DHCP works on a specific process called DORA. Where a client who is looking for an IP address will send the
DHCP Discover packets
DHCP server will receive the packets and will send the Offer Packets with available IP address
Client will send the Request packet to assign the IP Address.
DHCP Server will send the acknowledge packet with IP address assigned to the client

Sr. No Packet Source Type Source IP Dest. IP


1 Discover Client Broadcast 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255
2 Offer Server Broadcast DHCP Server 255.255.255.255
3. Request Client Broadcast 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255
4 Acknowledge Server Broadcast DHCP Server 255.255.255.255

DHCP Discover (broadcast 255.255.255.255)

DHCP Offer with IP (broadcast 255.255.255.255)

DHCP Request with IP (broadcast 255.255.255.255)

DHCP Acknowledge with IP (broadcast 255.255.255.255)


Important Terms:
DHCP Scope: IP Address range for the clients for a subnet
Example: Start IP: 192.168.1.1 – 192.168.1.100

DHCP SuperScope: Multiple Class DHCP Scope (IP Scopes for multiple Subnets)
Example:
Scope 1 for Subnet 192.168.1.0/24
Start IP: 192.168.1.1-192.168.1.250
Scope 2 for Subnet 192.168.100.0/24
Start IP: 192.168.100.1-192.168.100.250

Exclusion: Exclude IP Address from the Range, which will not be assigned to any client
Example: Exclude IPs from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.25
(For Servers/Network devices etc. where Ips will be static)

IP Reservation: Reserve IP address to a particular System or Resource in correspondence to the MAC Address.
Example: Reserve IP 192.168.1.50 for MAC E9-ED-71-3F-DE-70 (System of an VIP user)

Lease Time: Time validity for an IP to be assigned. Will get released if not renewed.
By default it is 8 Hours, if a device gets an IP,
It will remain assigned to the same device for 8 hours and will get released if not renewed.
DHCP Server works on Port 67
DHCP Client works on Port 68
LAB
• Create a LAB with at least 3 systems with one Server
• Install DHCP Role on the Server (it can be your DC)
• Create and activate Scopes (Make Exclusions and Reservations)
• Check the Working of it, if the client machines are getting IPs

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