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5 Converting Concentrations To Different Units

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448 views2 pages

5 Converting Concentrations To Different Units

Uploaded by

Jacob Daugherty
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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2-14: Converting Concentrations to Different Units

Occasionally, when making solutions in the laboratory, it is convenient to make a solution with a certain
concentration unit, such as molarity, and then convert the concentration to a different unit. In this
assignment, you will make a sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) solution of a certain molarity and then
convert that concentration to molality, mass percent, and mole fraction.

1. Start Virtual ChemLab, select Reactions and Stoichiometry, and then select Converting
Concentrations to Different Units from the list of assignments. The lab will open in the Titration
laboratory.

2. In the laboratory, a bottle of baking soda (sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3) will be next to the balance,
and an empty beaker will be on the stir plate. Drag the empty beaker to the spotlight next to the
balance, click in the Balance area to zoom in, place a weigh paper on the balance, and tare the
balance.

3. Open the bottle by clicking on the lid (Remove Lid). Pick up the Scoop and scoop out some sample by
first dragging the scoop to the mouth of the bottle and then pulling the scoop down the face of the
bottle. As the scoop is dragged down the face of the bottle, it will pick up different quantities of solid.
Select the largest sample possible and drag the scoop to the weighing paper on the balance until it
snaps in place and then let go. This will put approximately 1 g of sample on the balance. Repeat this
process six additional times so there is approximately 7.0 g of sample. Record the mass of the
NaHCO3 in the data table.

4. Drag the weigh paper to the beaker and add the NaHCO3 sample to the beaker. Click on the green
Zoom Out arrow to return to the laboratory.

5. Drag the beaker to the 50 mL graduated cylinder (the largest one) by the sink and empty the sample
into the cylinder. Hold the cylinder under the tap until it fills with water to make an aqueous solution
of NaHCO3. (When the graduated cylinder is full, it will automatically snap back into place.) Note
that the solid is added and dissolved before the volume is measured when making a molar solution.
Chemists normally use a volumetric flask for making molar solutions, but this is not available in the
simulation. Record the volume of the solution, in L, in the data table.

6. Calculate the moles of NaHCO3 in the sample and record the data in the data table.

Data Table
mass NaHCO3 7.0039 g
7.0039/84.0 moles NaHCO3 0.0834 mol

liters NaHCO3 0.0500 L

7. The molarity is calculated using the formula:

mass solute
moles solute molar mass solute
molarity = =
L solution L solution

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Calculate the molarity of the NaHCO3 solution in units of mol/L.

0.0834 mol/0.0500 L =1.67 mol/L

8. If the density of the solution is 1.047 g/mL, calculate the molality of the solution in units of mol/kg.

0.0834 mol
50 mL*1.047g/mL = 52.35 g of solution

52.35 g of solution = 7.0039 g of NaHCO3 + 45.34 g H20

0.0834 / .04534 = 1.84 mol/kg

9. Calculate the mass percent of sodium bicarbonate in the solution.

7.0039 g / 52.35 g = 13.38%

10. Calculate the mole fraction of sodium bicarbonate in the solution.

45.34 g H20 * 1mol/18.02 = 2.52

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