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Learn C++ - Variables Cheatsheet - Codecademy

This document provides an overview of basic variable types in C++ including integers, floating point numbers, characters, strings, and booleans. It also describes common arithmetic operators that can be used to perform mathematical operations on integer variables, and shows examples of how to declare and initialize variables of each type as well as get user input and output results to the console.

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51 views2 pages

Learn C++ - Variables Cheatsheet - Codecademy

This document provides an overview of basic variable types in C++ including integers, floating point numbers, characters, strings, and booleans. It also describes common arithmetic operators that can be used to perform mathematical operations on integer variables, and shows examples of how to declare and initialize variables of each type as well as get user input and output results to the console.

Uploaded by

Vatsal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cheatsheets / Learn C++

Variables
Variables
A variable refers to a storage location in the computer’s
memory that one can set aside to save, retrieve, and // Declare a variable
manipulate data. int score;

// Initialize a variable
score = 0;

int Type
int is a type for storing integer (whole) numbers. An
integer typically requires 4 bytes of memory space and int year = 1991;
ranges from -2³¹ to 2³¹. int age = 28;

double Type
double is a type for storing floating point (decimal)
numbers. Double variables typically require 8 bytes of double price = 8.99;
memory space. double pi = 3.14159;

Arithmetic Operators
C++ supports different types of arithmetic operators that
can perform common mathematical operations: int x = 0;

●
+ addition x = 4 + 2; // x is now 6
●
- subtraction x = 4 - 2; // x is now 2
x = 4 * 2; // x is now 8
●
* multiplication x = 4 / 2; // x is now 2
●
/ division x = 4 % 2; // x is now 0

●
% modulo (yields the remainder)

User Input
std::cin , which stands for “character input”, reads
user input from the keyboard. int tip = 0;
Here, the user can enter a number, press enter , and
std::cout << "Enter amount: ";
that number will get stored in tip .
std::cin >> tip;

/
Chaining the Output
std::cout can output multiple values by chaining
them using the output operator << .
int age = 28;

Here, the output would be I'm 28.


std::cout << "I'm " << age << ".\n";

char Type
char is a type for storing individual characters.
Characters are wrapped in single quotes ' . Characters
char grade = 'A';
typically require 1 byte of memory space and range from
char punctuation = '?';
-128 to 127.

string Type
std::string is a type for storing text strings.
Strings are wrapped in double quotes " .
std::string message = "good nite";
std::string user = "@sonnynomnom";

bool Type
bool is a type for storing true or false
boolean values. Booleans typically require 1 byte of bool organ_donor = true;
memory space. bool late_to_work = false;

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