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Class Notes: Distance - Time Graphs (D - T Graph)

This document provides a summary of key concepts related to graphical representation of motion using distance-time graphs. It explains that distance, velocity, and acceleration can be plotted on the y-axis versus time on the x-axis. It describes distance-time graphs for stationary, uniformly moving, uniformly accelerating, and uniformly retarding objects. Uniform motion graphs a straight line, while acceleration and retardation graphs are parabolic curves with the slope changing to indicate speed. The slope of the distance-time graph directly corresponds to the object's speed.

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171 views2 pages

Class Notes: Distance - Time Graphs (D - T Graph)

This document provides a summary of key concepts related to graphical representation of motion using distance-time graphs. It explains that distance, velocity, and acceleration can be plotted on the y-axis versus time on the x-axis. It describes distance-time graphs for stationary, uniformly moving, uniformly accelerating, and uniformly retarding objects. Uniform motion graphs a straight line, while acceleration and retardation graphs are parabolic curves with the slope changing to indicate speed. The slope of the distance-time graph directly corresponds to the object's speed.

Uploaded by

Hush Perera
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Class Notes

Class : IX Topic: Graphical representation of motion (Distance – Time


graph)
Subject: Physics

Graphical representation of motion:


The most convenient way of studying the motion of a body is to construct a graph. In a graph:

i) The magnitude of displacement, velocity or acceleration are plotted along the ordinates or the Y – axis
ii) The time is plotted along the abscissa or the X - axis.

Slope: It is very important as far as the graph is concerned. Slope is actually the steepness of the graph. It is measured by
the ratio of change in y - axis to the change in x - axis.

Distance – Time Graphs ( D – T graph):


Distance - time graph shows the change in distance of a body from a fixed point or the position with time. To draw D – T
graph, time is plotted along the x – axis and distance is plotted along the y – axis.

1) Distance – time graph for a stationary body:

If the body is stationary or at rest its position from a fixed point does not change with time. It means, if the
distance of a stationary body from a fixed point (say O) is 5 meter at time t = 0, then the distance of this body will
remain 5 meter for all instant of time. Thus d – t graph for a stationary body is parallel to the time axis.

2) Distance – Time graph for a uniform motion:

If a body travels equal distances in equal intervals of time, then the motion of the body is said to be uniform
motion. Thus this graph is a straight line inclined to the time axis.
Calculation of the speed of a body:

The speed of the body can be calculated by the following method using the graph.

𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑑
𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 =
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛 𝑡𝑜 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑙 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒

Or, 𝑣=

Or, 𝑣=

Or, = tan Ө

Here, tan Ө is called the slope or gradient of the graph and it represents the speed of the body.

3) Distance – Time graph for uniform acceleration:


For such type of motion the graph is a curved line and is parabolic in nature. It is observed that the steepness of
the graph increases and therefore the slope as well as the speed (magnitude of velocity) increases.

4) Distance – Time graph for uniform retardation:


In this case also the graph is parabolic and curved but in opposite sense. In this case the steepness gradually
decreases indicating uniform retardation.

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