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Identification of Cations Using Ammonium Hydroxide Exp - No.3

The document describes an experiment to identify different cations using ammonium hydroxide. When small amounts of NH4OH solution were added to 6 different salt solutions, various precipitates were observed based on the cation present - a pale blue precipitate identified Cu2+, a reddish-brown precipitate identified Fe3+, a dirty green precipitate identified Fe2+, a thin gelatinous white precipitate identified Al3+, a chalky white precipitate identified Pb2+, and a thick gelatinous white precipitate identified Zn2+.

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153 views2 pages

Identification of Cations Using Ammonium Hydroxide Exp - No.3

The document describes an experiment to identify different cations using ammonium hydroxide. When small amounts of NH4OH solution were added to 6 different salt solutions, various precipitates were observed based on the cation present - a pale blue precipitate identified Cu2+, a reddish-brown precipitate identified Fe3+, a dirty green precipitate identified Fe2+, a thin gelatinous white precipitate identified Al3+, a chalky white precipitate identified Pb2+, and a thick gelatinous white precipitate identified Zn2+.

Uploaded by

vishal kumar
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EXPERIMENT 3 : IDENTIFICATION OF CATIONS USING AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE

EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

1. To the given salt Pale blue precipitate is formed The cation present in the salt
solution 1, a small which dissolves in excess solution 1 is Cu2+
amount of NH4OH NH4OH to form an inky blue
solution is added.
solution

CuSO4 + 2 NH4OH  Cu (OH)2 + (NH4)2SO4


Pale blue precipitate

Cu (OH)2+ (NH4)2SO4+ 2 NH4OH  [Cu(NH3)4]SO4 + 4H2O


(in excess) Tetrammine copper(II) sulphate

2. To the given salt A reddish-brown precipitate is The cation present in the salt
solution 2, a small formed which is insoluble in solution 2 is Fe3+
amount of NH4OH excess NH4OH solution.
solution is added.

FeCl3 + 3 NH4OH  Fe (OH)3 + 3NH4Cl

Reddish brown precipitate

3. To the given salt A dirty green precipitate is The cation present in the salt
solution 3, a small formed which is insoluble in solution is Fe2+
amount of NH4OH excess NH4OH solution.
solution is added.

FeSO4 + 2 NH4OH  Fe (OH)2 + (NH4)2SO4

Dirty green precipitate

4. To the given salt A thin gelatinous white The cation present in the salt
solution 4, a small precipitate is formed. The solution is Al3+
amount of NH4OH precipitate is insoluble in excess
solution is added.
NH4OH solution.
Al(NO3)3 + 3 NH4OH  Al(OH)3 + 3NH4NO3

Thin gelatinous white precipitate

5. To the given salt A chalky white precipitate is The cation present in the salt
solution 5, a small formed. solution is Pb2+
amount of NH4OH
solution is added. The precipitate is insoluble in
excess NH4OH solution.

Pb(NO3)2 + 2 NH4OH  Pb(OH)2 + 2 NH4NO3

Chalky white precipitate

6. To the given salt A thick gelatinous white The cation present in the salt
solution 6, a small precipitate is formed. solution is Zn2+
amount of NH4OH The precipitate is soluble in
solution is added.
excess of NH4OH solution.

ZnSO4 + 2 NH4OH  Zn (OH)2 + (NH4)2SO4

Thick gelatinous white precipitate

Zn (OH)2+ (NH4)2SO4+ 2 NH4OH  [Zn(NH3)4]SO4 + 4H2O


(in excess) Tetrammine zinc sulphate

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