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INTUSSUSCEPTION

Intussusception is a condition where a segment of intestine slides into the adjacent intestinal lumen, causing bowel obstruction. It most commonly occurs at the junction of the ileum and colon. It is caused by hyperperistalsis where intestinal contractions pull one segment into another. Common symptoms include severe colicky abdominal pain, vomiting, and the palpation of a "sausage-shaped" abdominal mass. Diagnosis is often made through rectal examination, ultrasound, or contrast enema showing the "target" or "doughnut" sign. Treatment involves rehydration, nasogastric decompression, and sometimes surgical or enema reduction of the intussusception.

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251 views3 pages

INTUSSUSCEPTION

Intussusception is a condition where a segment of intestine slides into the adjacent intestinal lumen, causing bowel obstruction. It most commonly occurs at the junction of the ileum and colon. It is caused by hyperperistalsis where intestinal contractions pull one segment into another. Common symptoms include severe colicky abdominal pain, vomiting, and the palpation of a "sausage-shaped" abdominal mass. Diagnosis is often made through rectal examination, ultrasound, or contrast enema showing the "target" or "doughnut" sign. Treatment involves rehydration, nasogastric decompression, and sometimes surgical or enema reduction of the intussusception.

Uploaded by

S G
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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INTUSSUSCEPTION

DEFINITION
Intussusception is a condition in which a segment of intestine slides or telescopes into the
adjacent part of intestinal lumen, causing bowel obstruction.
It occurs most commonly at the junction of the ileum and the colon, although it can appear
elsewhere in the intestinal tract.

CAUSES
• Hyperperistalsis. The normal wave-like contractions of the intestine grab this lead
point and pull it and the lining of the intestine into the bowel ahead of it.
• Digestive system activities. The unusual mobility of the cecum and ileum normally
present in early life may also cause intussusception.

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Clinical Manifestations
 Abdominal pain- pain in intussusception is colicky, severe, and intermittent
 Vomiting. Initially, vomiting is nonbilious and vomiting becomes bilious.
 vomiting becomes bilious.
 Palpable “sausage shaped mass” in the right upper quardent of abdomen
 Dehydration
 Pallor
 Shock
 Continuous crying
 Late pyrexia
Assessment and Diagnostic Findings
 Rectal examination.
 Palpation-sausage-shaped mass in right upper quadrant
 Ultrasonography.
 Contrast enema.
 Radiographs-MENISCUS SIGN
MANAGEMENT
1. MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
INTRAVENOUS FLUID. For all children, start intravenous fluid resuscitation
NASOGASTRIC DECOMPRESSION
THERAPEUTIC ENEMA. Therapeutic enemas can be hydrostatic, with either barium or
water-soluble contrast, or pneumatic, with air insufflation
2. SURGICAL REDUCTION

3. NURSING MANAGEMENT
 NURSING ASSESSMENT
Physical examination. The hallmark physical findings in intussusception are a right
hypochondrium sausage-shaped mass and emptiness in the right lower quadrant
History. The patient with intussusception is usually an infant, often one who has had an upper
respiratory infection, who presents with vomiting, abdominal pain, passage of blood and
mucus, lethargy, and palpable abdominal mass.
 NURSING DIAGNOSIS

 ACUTE PAIN RELATED TO BOWEL INVAGINATION.


 DEFICIENT FLUID VOLUME RELATED TO VOMITING, NAUSEA, FEVER,
AND DIAPHORESIS.

 INEFFECTIVE BREATHING PATTERN RELATED TO ABDOMINAL


DISTENTION AND RIGIDITY.

 ANXIETY RELATED TO CHANGE IN HEALTH STATUS.


 NURSING INTERVENTIONS
Assess for signs and symptoms of dehydration such as poor skin turgor, dry mucous
membranes, irritability, and delayed capillary refill.
Assess fluid intake and output.
Monitor vital signs as frequently as possible.
Monitor characteristic of stool (consistency and color).
Administer IV fluids as ordered.
Instruct parents that they may offer clear liquids then gradually advanced diet as tolerated.
Provide frequent oral hygiene
Monitor older child for presence of diarrhea, constipation, and vomiting episodes.
Provide NG tube attached to suction,
IV fluids to decompress bowel and
maintain hydration status and maintain patency of therapy as ordered.
Provide reassurance to parents and allow to accompany the child during the procedure.
Inform parents on the purpose for IV
and NG tube, NPO status.

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