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Dr. H K Salinda Premadasa Senior Lecturer Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka

The document discusses classful addressing, which divided IP addresses into classes based on their first bits and allocated address blocks. This led to inefficient use of addresses as blocks were allocated based on class rather than need. Classful addressing was later replaced by classless addressing which provides more flexibility and efficiency in address allocation.

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Lusi Zaira
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79 views21 pages

Dr. H K Salinda Premadasa Senior Lecturer Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka

The document discusses classful addressing, which divided IP addresses into classes based on their first bits and allocated address blocks. This led to inefficient use of addresses as blocks were allocated based on class rather than need. Classful addressing was later replaced by classless addressing which provides more flexibility and efficiency in address allocation.

Uploaded by

Lusi Zaira
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 12

Classful Addressing

Dr. H K Salinda Premadasa


Senior Lecturer
Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka
Topic outlines

4.1 Introduction
4.2 Classful Addressing
4.3 Classless Addressing
4.4 Special IP Addresses
4.5 NAT address

© Dr. H K Salinda Premadasa 2


4.2 Classful Addressing

• IP addresses, when started a few decades ago, used the


concept of classes
• This architecture is called classful addressing
• In the mid-1990s, a new architecture, called classless
addressing, was introduced that supersedes the original
architecture
• In this section, we introduce classful addressing
because it paves the way for understanding
classless addressing and justifies the rationale for
moving to the new architecture

© Dr. H K Salinda Premadasa 3


4.2 Classful Addressing
Occupation of address space

© Dr. H K Salinda Premadasa 4


4.2 Classful Addressing
Finding the class of address

239

© Dr. H K Salinda Premadasa 5


4.2 Classful Addressing
Finding the class of an address by continuous checking

1 1 1 1
Start
0 0 0 0

Class: A Class: B Class: C Class: D Class: E

© Dr. H K Salinda Premadasa 6


4.2 Classful Addressing
Finding the class of an address by binary

Find the class of each address:


a. 00000001 00001011 00001011 11101111
b. 10100111 11011011 10001011 01101111
c. 11000001 10000011 00011011 11111111
d. 11110011 10011011 11111011 00001111
Solution
a. The first bit is 0. This is a class A address
b. The first bit is 1; the second bit is 0. This is a class B address
c. The first 2 bits are 1; the third bit is 0. This is a class C
address
d. The first 4 bits are 1s. This is a class E address

© Dr. H K Salinda Premadasa 7


4.2 Classful Addressing
Finding the class of an address by dotted-decimal

Find the class of each address:


a. 227.12.14.87
b. 193.14.56.22
c. 14.23.120.8
d. 252.5.15.111
Solution
a. The first byte is 227 (between 224 and 239); the class is D
b. The first byte is 193 (between 192 and 223); the class is C
c. The first byte is 14 (between 0 and 127); the class is A
d. The first byte is 252 (between 240 and 255); the class is E

© Dr. H K Salinda Premadasa 8


4.2 Classful Addressing
Network ID and Host ID

© Dr. H K Salinda Premadasa 9


4.2 Classful Addressing
Blocks in Class A

© Dr. H K Salinda Premadasa 10


4.2 Classful Addressing
Blocks in Class A

Millions of class A addresses


are wasted

© Dr. H K Salinda Premadasa 11


4.2 Classful Addressing
Blocks in Class B

© Dr. H K Salinda Premadasa 12


4.2 Classful Addressing
Blocks in Class B

Many class B addresses are wasted

© Dr. H K Salinda Premadasa 13


4.2 Classful Addressing
Blocks in Class C

© Dr. H K Salinda Premadasa 14


4.2 Classful Addressing
Blocks in Class C

Not so many organizations are so small to


have a class C block

© Dr. H K Salinda Premadasa 15


4.2 Classful Addressing
The single block in Class D

© Dr. H K Salinda Premadasa 16


4.2 Classful Addressing
The single block in Class D

Class D addresses are made of one block,


used for multicasting

© Dr. H K Salinda Premadasa 17


4.2 Classful Addressing
The single block in Class E

© Dr. H K Salinda Premadasa 18


4.2 Classful Addressing
The single block in Class E

The only block of class E addresses was


reserved for future purposes

© Dr. H K Salinda Premadasa 19


4.2 Classful Addressing

The range of addresses allocated to an


organization in classful addressing
was a block of addresses in
Class A, B, or C

© Dr. H K Salinda Premadasa 20


4.2 Classful Addressing

Disadvantages
- Major disadvantage of classful addressing is
that it does not send subnet information but it
will send the complete network address
- Limited number of addresses that can be
assigned to any device
- Limited flexibility

© Dr. H K Salinda Premadasa 21

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