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Synopsis of Jit Sir Lecture: Housing (Assignment - V)

The document discusses the importance of housing and challenges in affordable housing in India. It notes that housing is a basic necessity but there is a large gap between supply and demand, especially for lower-income groups. Several government initiatives aim to address this, including the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana which targets constructing over 20 million affordable houses by 2022 to help meet housing needs. Challenges include the high cost of land, lack of financing options, and low private sector involvement in affordable housing projects.

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68 views4 pages

Synopsis of Jit Sir Lecture: Housing (Assignment - V)

The document discusses the importance of housing and challenges in affordable housing in India. It notes that housing is a basic necessity but there is a large gap between supply and demand, especially for lower-income groups. Several government initiatives aim to address this, including the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana which targets constructing over 20 million affordable houses by 2022 to help meet housing needs. Challenges include the high cost of land, lack of financing options, and low private sector involvement in affordable housing projects.

Uploaded by

Jaskirat
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SYNOPSIS OF JIT SIR LECTURE

HOUSING

(ASSIGNMENT – V)

SUBMITTED BY – SUBMITTED TO –

JASKIRAT ARORA (1731681) AR. PREETI BHATIA


HOUSING –
NEED, PROBLEMS, CHALLENGES IN AFFORDABLE HOUSING, GOVT. INITIATIVES

JIT SIR LECTURE SYNOPSIS (18TH MARCH) –

IMPORTANCE OF HOUSING –

Housing is a ‘state subject’ and various state governments have the power to legislate on the
subject.
Right to property is not a fundamental right but only a legal right.

Housing –
1. basic human necessity
2. Constituting major component of cities
3. Occupying largest proportion of urban land
4. Involving largest proportion of building component
5. Major determinant of quality of life
6. Provider of basic security
7. Provider of identity/dignity to human beings. .
8. Promoter of large employment-engaging 16% work force of India
9. Promoter of industrialization – involving 290 industries
10. Major contributor to economy-Real estate sector contributing 9% to India’s GDP
11. Requires large network of support system- Roads, Water supply, sewerage, sanitation,
healthcare, education, electricity, open spaces etc

Housing also known to have:


1. Physical, Social , economic and environmental connotations

Housing Problems in India:

1. Rapid Urbanization: India being the second populated country after china has created a
problem for housing and this has further resulted in congestion of human settlement and is
also a major factor in creation of slums in India
2. High prices of Land: Skyrocketing prices of land and real estate in urban areas have induced
the poor and the economically weaker sections of the society to occupy the marginal lands
typified by poor housing stock, congestion and obsolescence.
3. Gap between demand and supply: It is apparent that substantial housing shortage looms in
Urban India and a wide gap exists between the demand and supply of housing, both in terms
of quantity and quality
4. Acute Shortage of Housing
5. Majority of Shortage in EWS/LIG
6. High degree of Congestion
7. Houseless-ness
8. Dilapidation
9. Poor Quality of Housing- slums
10. Lack of Basic Services- water supply, sewerage, roads, sanitation, electricity  Acute problem
in metro/large cities
11. Limited houses available on rental basis
12. High rents

FACTORS AFFECTING DEMAND AND SUPPLY OF HOUSING

Affordable housing:

Affordable housing refers to housing units that are affordable for those with income below the
average household income.

• India’s urban housing shortage is being primarily driven by the EWS and LIG categories.
However, majority of the housing supply that has been built across urban India is beyond the
affordability of the EWS and LIG segment.
• Real estate developers, private players in particular, have primarily targeted luxury, high-end
and upper-mid housing segment owing to the higher returns that can be gained from such
projects.
• High population density in urban areas has triggered a huge demand for urban land.

CHALLENGES IN AFFORDABLE HOUSING

1. Huge gap between demand and supply- housing shortage


2. ‘high cost, Encroachment on land, Financing of land;
3. Irrational policy framework
4. Low involvement of private sector
INITIATIVES FOR AFFORDABLE HOUSING

Recognising the importance of providing housing to the poor sections, government has initiated a
group of measures over the last fifteen years. As a beginning, the National Urban Housing and
Habitat Policy (NUHHP), 2007 has set the objective of Affordable Housing for All as a key focus.

Two components under Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana –

• PMAY (Urban)
• PMAY (Rural)

were launched by the government for achieving housing for all by 2022.

PMAY (Urban)
affordable housing for the urban poor for the urban poor, the government target is to construct
20 million houses by March 31, 2022 under Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana-Urban, that was
launched in June 2015. The scheme gives financial assistance to States/Union Territories (UTs) in
to support housing requirements of three identified income categories: Economically Weaker
Sections (EWS), Lower Income Group (LIG) and Middle-Income Group (MIG) in urban areas.

PMAY (Rural)
affordable housing for the rural poor The PMAY – Gramin was launched in 2016 to construct
affordable houses in rural areas and complete it by 2022 (date extended). As on end January
2019, nearly 1.25 crore houses were constructed under the scheme. In February 2019, the
Cabinet has redefined target for PMAY-G to 1.95 crore houses under PMAY-G Phase-II upto
2022.Construction of affordable housing under the both programme goes well and the
government has constructed nearly 1.53 crore houses under the two programmes as on end
January 2019.

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