ABAP FAQ’s – ALV

This is a set of queries and answers,which we have collected from multiple sources to
help ABAPers.

Contribution by
Meenakshi Palaniappan
Vivekanand Nagarajan
ABAP FAQ’s – ALV

Question:

How to change the ALV report title and hide columns as per users input,
in selection-screen after executing the report? I want to change the
report title and hide columns as per user selection.

Answer:

You can change using this Code

Parameter: p_title type LVC_TITLE.

In ALV Function.
IT_Grid_Title = p_title.

Do like this, only if he pass parameter based on your column name.

Or if you are giving a check box or List box, based on that, u must
code. Lastly you have to pass like this

DATA : FIELDCATLOG TYPE SLIS_FIELDCAT_ALV,

FIELDCATLOG_T TYPE SLIS_T_FIELDCAT_ALV.

IF CONDITION BASED ON UR COLOUMN NAME

FIELDCATLOG-NO_OUT = 'X'.

ENDIF

Question:

At run time I get few fields from the DDIC table. I want to create a
dynamic internal table based on the fields. How to achieve?

Answer-1:

* Example: how to create a dynamic internal table  

* The dynamic internal table stucture
ABAP FAQ’s – ALV

DATA: BEGIN OF STRUCT OCCURS 10,

    FILDNAME(8) TYPE C,
    ABPTYPE TYPE C,
    LENGTH TYPE I,
END OF STRUCT.

* The dynamic program source table

DATA: BEGIN OF INCTABL OCCURS 10,
    LINE(72),
END OF INCTABL.

DATA: LNG TYPE I, TYPESRTING(6).

* Sample dynamic internal table stucture

STRUCT-FILDNAME = 'field1'. STRUCT-ABPTYPE = 'c'. STRUCT-LENGTH = '6'.
APPEND STRUCT. CLEAR STRUCT.

STRUCT-FILDNAME = 'field2'. STRUCT-ABPTYPE = 'd'.

APPEND STRUCT. CLEAR STRUCT.

STRUCT-FILDNAME = 'field3'. STRUCT-ABPTYPE = 'i'.

APPEND STRUCT. CLEAR STRUCT.

* Create the dynamic internal table definition in the dyn. program

INCTABL-LINE = 'program zdynpro.'. APPEND INCTABL.
INCTABL-LINE = 'data: begin of dyntab occurs 10,'. APPEND INCTABL.

LOOP AT STRUCT.
  INCTABL-LINE = STRUCT-FILDNAME.
  LNG = STRLEN( STRUCT-FILDNAME ).

  IF NOT STRUCT-LENGTH IS INITIAL .

      TYPESRTING(1) = '('.
      TYPESRTING+1 = STRUCT-LENGTH.
      TYPESRTING+5 = ')'.
      CONDENSE TYPESRTING NO-GAPS.
      INCTABL-LINE+LNG = TYPESRTING.
  ENDIF.

  INCTABL-LINE+15 = 'type '.

  INCTABL-LINE+21 = STRUCT-ABPTYPE.
  INCTABL-LINE+22 = ','.
  APPEND INCTABL.
ENDLOOP.
INCTABL-LINE = 'end of dyntab. '.
APPEND INCTABL.

* Create the code processes the dynamic internal table

INCTABL-LINE = ' '. APPEND INCTABL.
INCTABL-LINE = 'dyntab-field1 = ''aaaaaa''.'. APPEND INCTABL.
INCTABL-LINE = 'dyntab-field1 = ''19970814''.'. APPEND INCTABL.
INCTABL-LINE = 'dyntab-field1 = 1.'. APPEND INCTABL.
INCTABL-LINE = 'append dyntab.'. APPEND INCTABL.
ABAP FAQ’s – ALV

INCTABL-LINE = ' '. APPEND INCTABL.

INCTABL-LINE = 'loop at dyntab.'. APPEND INCTABL.
INCTABL-LINE = 'write: / dyntab.'. APPEND INCTABL.
INCTABL-LINE = 'endloop.'. APPEND INCTABL.

* Create and run the dynamic program

INSERT REPORT 'zdynpro'(001) FROM INCTABL.
SUBMIT ZDYNPRO.

or Just try out this simpler dynamic internal tables

DATA: itab TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF spfli,

              wa LIKE LINE OF itab.

DATA: line(72) TYPE c,

            list LIKE TABLE OF line(72).

START-OF-SELECTION.
*line = ' CITYFROM CITYTO '.
  line = ' AIRPTO '.
 APPEND line TO list.

SELECT DISTINCT (list)

       INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE itab
            FROM spfli.

IF sy-subrc EQ 0.
  LOOP AT itab INTO wa.
*     WRITE: / wa-cityfrom, wa-cityto.
       WRITE :/ wa-airpto.
  ENDLOOP.
ENDIF.

Answer-2:

Example on Dynamic Internal table. Go through

REPORT YTEST2 .

TYPE-POOLS : SLIS.

DATA: T_FIELDCAT TYPE LVC_T_FCAT, " Field Catalog

X_FIELDCAT LIKE LINE OF T_FIELDCAT. " For Field Catalog

DATA: V_CNT TYPE I,

ABAP FAQ’s – ALV

V_CNT1 TYPE C,

V_FLD(5) VALUE 'FIELD', " For Field name

V_REPID LIKE SY-REPID.

DATA: NEW_TABLE TYPE REF TO DATA, " Dynamic Table

NEW_LINE TYPE REF TO DATA. " Dynamic Line

DATA: BEGIN OF IT_VBAP OCCURS 0,

VBELN LIKE VBAP-VBELN,

POSNR LIKE VBAP-POSNR,

NETWR LIKE VBAP-NETWR,

END OF IT_VBAP.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <V_TABLE> TYPE TABLE, " For Table

<V_LINE> TYPE ANY, " For Line

<V_FIELD> TYPE ANY. " For Field

*-Field catalog for IT_DISPLAY

DATA: IT_FIELDCAT TYPE SLIS_T_FIELDCAT_ALV WITH HEADER LINE,

* -Events in ALV

IT_EVENTS TYPE SLIS_T_EVENT,

X_LAYOUT TYPE SLIS_LAYOUT_ALV, " Layout for data,

X_EVENTS TYPE SLIS_ALV_EVENT. " For events.

INITIALIZATION.

V_REPID = SY-REPID.

START-OF-SELECTION.

SELECT VBELN POSNR NETWR

ABAP FAQ’s – ALV

FROM VBAP UP TO 50 ROWS

INTO TABLE IT_VBAP

WHERE NETWR <> SPACE.

V_CNT = 4.

PERFORM PREPARE_FIELDCATLOG.

PERFORM CREATE_TABLE.

PERFORM BUILD_FCAT_EVENTS.

LOOP AT IT_VBAP.

PERFORM COMMON_DATA.

INSERT <V_LINE> INTO TABLE <V_TABLE>.

ENDLOOP.

PERFORM ALV_LIST_DISPLAY.

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*& Form Prepare_fieldcatlog

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

* Prepare the Catalog

*----------------------------------------------------------------------*

FORM PREPARE_FIELDCATLOG.

DATA L_FLD(7).

CLEAR V_CNT1.

CLEAR X_FIELDCAT.

X_FIELDCAT-FIELDNAME = 'VBELN'.

X_FIELDCAT-REF_FIELD = 'VBELN'.
ABAP FAQ’s – ALV

X_FIELDCAT-REF_TABLE = 'VBAP'.

APPEND X_FIELDCAT TO T_FIELDCAT.

CLEAR X_FIELDCAT.

X_FIELDCAT-FIELDNAME = 'POSNR'.

X_FIELDCAT-REF_FIELD = 'POSNR'.

X_FIELDCAT-REF_TABLE = 'VBAP'.

APPEND X_FIELDCAT TO T_FIELDCAT.

DO V_CNT TIMES.

V_CNT1 = V_CNT1 + 1.

CONCATENATE 'NETWR_' V_CNT1 INTO L_FLD.

X_FIELDCAT-FIELDNAME = L_FLD.

X_FIELDCAT-REF_FIELD = 'NETWR'.

X_FIELDCAT-REF_TABLE = 'VBAP'.

APPEND X_FIELDCAT TO T_FIELDCAT.

ENDDO.

ENDFORM. " Prepare_fieldcatlog

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*& Form create_table

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

* Generate the table

*----------------------------------------------------------------------*

FORM CREATE_TABLE.

DATA: DYN_TAB TYPE REF TO DATA.

CALL METHOD CL_ALV_TABLE_CREATE=>CREATE_DYNAMIC_TABLE

ABAP FAQ’s – ALV

EXPORTING IT_FIELDCATALOG = T_FIELDCAT

IMPORTING EP_TABLE = NEW_TABLE.

* Create a new Line with the same structure of the table.

ASSIGN NEW_TABLE->* TO <V_TABLE>.

CREATE DATA NEW_LINE LIKE LINE OF <V_TABLE>.

ASSIGN NEW_LINE->* TO <V_LINE>.

ENDFORM. " create_table

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*& Form BUILD_FCAT_EVENTS

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

* Build field catalog and events for ALV

*----------------------------------------------------------------------*

FORM BUILD_FCAT_EVENTS.

DATA: L_POS TYPE I VALUE 1.

REFRESH: IT_FIELDCAT, IT_EVENTS.

CLEAR : IT_FIELDCAT, X_EVENTS.

*-Build field catalog

*-Message type

IT_FIELDCAT-FIELDNAME = 'VBELN'.

IT_FIELDCAT-COL_POS = L_POS.

IT_FIELDCAT-SELTEXT_M = 'Sales Document'.

IT_FIELDCAT-OUTPUTLEN = 10.
ABAP FAQ’s – ALV

APPEND IT_FIELDCAT.

CLEAR IT_FIELDCAT.

L_POS = L_POS + 1.

IT_FIELDCAT-FIELDNAME = 'POSNR'.

IT_FIELDCAT-COL_POS = L_POS.

IT_FIELDCAT-SELTEXT_M = 'Item'(005).

IT_FIELDCAT-OUTPUTLEN = 6.

APPEND IT_FIELDCAT.

CLEAR IT_FIELDCAT.

L_POS = L_POS + 1.

IT_FIELDCAT-FIELDNAME = 'NETWR_1'.

IT_FIELDCAT-COL_POS = L_POS.

IT_FIELDCAT-SELTEXT_M = 'Currency'.

IT_FIELDCAT-OUTPUTLEN = 15.

APPEND IT_FIELDCAT.

CLEAR IT_FIELDCAT.

L_POS = L_POS + 1.

IT_FIELDCAT-FIELDNAME = 'NETWR_2'.

IT_FIELDCAT-COL_POS = L_POS.

IT_FIELDCAT-SELTEXT_M = 'Currency'.

IT_FIELDCAT-OUTPUTLEN = 15.

APPEND IT_FIELDCAT.

CLEAR IT_FIELDCAT.

L_POS = L_POS + 1.
ABAP FAQ’s – ALV

IT_FIELDCAT-FIELDNAME = 'NETWR_3'.

IT_FIELDCAT-COL_POS = L_POS.

IT_FIELDCAT-SELTEXT_M = 'Currency'.

IT_FIELDCAT-OUTPUTLEN = 15.

APPEND IT_FIELDCAT.

CLEAR IT_FIELDCAT.

*-Layout

X_LAYOUT-COLWIDTH_OPTIMIZE = 'X'.

X_LAYOUT-ZEBRA = 'X'.

*-Events

* Top of list

X_EVENTS-NAME = 'TOP_OF_LIST'.

X_EVENTS-FORM = 'TOP_OF_PAGE'.

APPEND X_EVENTS TO IT_EVENTS.

ENDFORM. " BUILD_FCAT_EVENTS

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*& Form Common_data

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

* Move the Common data into final table

*----------------------------------------------------------------------*

FORM COMMON_DATA.

ASSIGN COMPONENT 'VBELN' OF STRUCTURE <V_LINE> TO <V_FIELD>.

<V_FIELD> = IT_VBAP-VBELN.
ABAP FAQ’s – ALV

ASSIGN COMPONENT 'POSNR' OF STRUCTURE <V_LINE> TO <V_FIELD>.

<V_FIELD> = IT_VBAP-POSNR.

ASSIGN COMPONENT 'NETWR_1' OF STRUCTURE <V_LINE> TO <V_FIELD>.

<V_FIELD> = IT_VBAP-NETWR.

ENDFORM. " Com

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*& Form alv_list_display

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------

FORM ALV_LIST_DISPLAY.

CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY'

EXPORTING

I_CALLBACK_PROGRAM = V_REPID

IS_LAYOUT = X_LAYOUT

IT_FIELDCAT = IT_FIELDCAT[]

IT_EVENTS = IT_EVENTS[]

TABLES

T_OUTTAB = <V_TABLE>

EXCEPTIONS

PROGRAM_ERROR = 1

OTHERS = 2.

IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.

* MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO

* WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.

ENDIF.
ABAP FAQ’s – ALV

ENDFORM. " alv_list_display

Question:

What is meant by type-pools: slis,field_cat, and

append field to field_cat.

Answer:

Type Pools are predefined types in SAP.

SLIS is also one of the types, which are predefined in SAP.

SLIS contains standard table types like bellow:

SLIS_LAYOUT_ALV.
SLIS_FIELDCAT_ALV.
SLIS_T_LISTHEADER.
SLIS_T_EVENT.
SLIS_SELFIELD. Etc...

By using these predefined table types u can declare internal tables, and
u can use these.

Regarding Field_cat:

You can declare like: FIELD_CAT type SLIS_FIELDCAT_ALV.

Now Field_cat will contains attributes like Fieldname, Tabname, Key,
Hotspot, Do_sum etc...

Regarding append Field_cat:

After assigning values to these attributes of Field_cat, you need to

append this to internal table ... then u can pass these values in to
function module REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY.

For ex:

Field_cat-fieldname = ‘ZAUFNR’.
field_cat-tabname = 'ITAB1'.
field_cat-key = 'X'.
field_cat-hotspot = 'X'.
field_cat-seltext_m = 'ORDER NUMBER'.
append field_cat.
ABAP FAQ’s – ALV

Question:

In ALV reporting, how can we use the command AT-LINE-SELECTION, if we

want a second selection screen to be displayed containing the details of
the line that was selected?

Answer-1:

While calling the FM for ALV, u have to populate the Events table and
mention the same event there so that the alv report becomes interactive.

Answer-2:

The ALV reporting function module needs to know 2 things

- The program that called the ALV
- The form that will handle the at-line-selection callback
*Example:
Data: g_repid like sy-repid value sy-repid.
Data g_user_command (30) type c value 'USER_COMMAND'.

You then pass these things to the FM:

Call function 'REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY'

Exporting
i_callback_program = g_repid
i_callback_user_command = g_user_command
....
....
tables
t_outtab = i_report
exceptions
program_error = 1
others = 2.

And of course you still need the form 'USER_COMMAND', which must be
of the following form:

form user_command using r_ucomm like sy-ucomm

rs_selfield type slis_selfield.
*Use this for more custom functionality
*WRITE: r_ucomm , rs_selfield.

endform.

Question:
ABAP FAQ’s – ALV

How to attach a custom menu or a custom button, for my alv report, using
function modules (not through oops).

Answer:

In function modules reuse_alv_list_display or reuse_alv_grid_display you

have parameter called i_callback_pf_status_set for which u have to pass
the pf-status that u are going to use and handle that using form
se_pf_status using rt_extab type slis_t_extab.

Rxtab contains all function codes that are hidden on the standard
interface of the alv.

If u want to implement user own pf-status first copy the standard one
which is present in function group salv, and make the necessary changes.
Question:

Does anyone know of a way (or do you have a Z-program or anything)

that can take an ENTIRE module pool (with all the screens, PAI, PBO,
Etc...) and download it to a PC/disk?

Ans
Answer:

Question:

Please tell me what exactly the "&" mean in the following chunk of
code...

DATA: i_fieldcat type lvc_t_fcat with header line.

define fieldcatalog.
i_fieldcat-ref_table = &1.
i_fieldcat-fieldname = &2.
i_fieldcat-coltext = &3.
append i_fieldcat.
clear i_fieldcat.
end-of-definition.
ABAP FAQ’s – ALV

Answer:

&1 means the first argument you pass to the 'fieldcatalog' definition.
Following code will help u understand.
******************************
Report ZTEST.

DATA: i_fieldcat type lvc_t_fcat with header line.

define fieldcatalog.
i_fieldcat-ref_table = &1.
i_fieldcat-fieldname = &2.
i_fieldcat-coltext = &3.
append i_fieldcat.
clear i_fieldcat.
end-of-definition.

fieldcatalog 'ABC' 'BCD' 'CDE'.

loop at i_fieldcat.
write : / i_fieldcat-ref_table.
write : / i_fieldcat-fieldname.
write : / i_fieldcat-coltext.
endloop.
********************************************
Output:
ABC
BCD
CDE
********************************************

Question :

I have created an ALV list and would like to put our company logo in the
header. How can I do this?

Answer :

in the transaction OAOR, you should be able to insert your company Logo.

 GOTO - OAOR (Business Document Navigator)

 Give Class Name - PICTURES Class Type - OT..... then Execute
 It will show you the list, then select ENJOYSAP_LOGO.
 On that list, you will find one control with a "create" tab.
 Click std. doc types.
 Select SCREEN and double-click.
 It will push FILE selection screen.
ABAP FAQ’s – ALV

 Select your company logo (.gif) and press OK.

 It will ask for a description- for instance: "company logo".
 It will let you know your doc has been stored successfully.
 You can find your logo under ENJOYSAP_LOGO->Screen->company logo.
 Just run your ALV program, you should find your company logo in
place of the EnjoySAP logo.

Question :

Give a sample code for Auto refresh in ALV List

Answer :

REPORT z_alv_auto_refresh.
*>*********************************************************************
* This report displays User's info (SM04) using the FM :              *
* REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY                                              *
* The list is auto-refreshed (refresh time : 5 seconds)               *
*---------------------------------------------------------------------*

TYPE-POOLS: slis.                      " ALV Global Types

DATA :
  gt_user LIKE uinfo OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE. " User info in SM04

*---------------------------------------------------------------------*
START-OF-SELECTION.

  PERFORM f_read_data.

  PERFORM f_display_data.

*---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*       Form  F_LIRE_DATA
*---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM f_read_data.

  REFRESH gt_user.

* Get User's info

  CALL FUNCTION 'THUSRINFO'
       TABLES
            usr_tabl = gt_user.

* Wait in a task
  PERFORM f_call_rfc_wait.

ENDFORM.                               " F_READ_DATA

*---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*      Form  F_DISPLAY_DATA
*---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM f_display_data.

  DEFINE m_sort.
ABAP FAQ’s – ALV

    add 1 to ls_sort-spos.

    ls_sort-fieldname = &1.
    append ls_sort to lt_sort.
  END-OF-DEFINITION.

  DEFINE m_event_exit.
    clear ls_event_exit.
    ls_event_exit-ucomm = &1.
    ls_event_exit-after = 'X'.
    append ls_event_exit to lt_event_exit.
  END-OF-DEFINITION.

  DATA :
    ls_layout     TYPE slis_layout_alv,
    lt_sort       TYPE slis_t_sortinfo_alv,
    ls_sort       TYPE slis_sortinfo_alv,
    lt_event_exit TYPE slis_t_event_exit,
    ls_event_exit TYPE slis_event_exit.

* Build Sort Table

  m_sort 'ZEIT'.

* Build Event Exit Table

  m_event_exit '&NTE'.                 " Refresh

  ls_layout-zebra = 'X'.
  ls_layout-colwidth_optimize = 'X'.

  CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY'

       EXPORTING
            i_callback_program      = sy-cprog
            i_callback_user_command = 'USER_COMMAND'
            is_layout               = ls_layout
            i_structure_name        = 'UINFO'
            it_sort                 = lt_sort
            it_event_exit           = lt_event_exit
       TABLES
            t_outtab                = gt_user.

ENDFORM.                               " F_DISPLAY_DATA

*---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*       FORM USER_COMMAND                                             *
*---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM user_command USING i_ucomm     TYPE syucomm
                        is_selfield TYPE slis_selfield.     "#EC CALLED

  CASE i_ucomm.
    WHEN '&NTE'.
      PERFORM f_read_data.
      is_selfield-refresh = 'X'.
      SET USER-COMMAND '&OPT'.         " Optimize columns width
  ENDCASE.

ENDFORM.                               " USER_COMMAND

*---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*      Form  F_CALL_RFC_WAIT
*---------------------------------------------------------------------*
ABAP FAQ’s – ALV

FORM f_call_rfc_wait.

  DATA lv_mssg(80).                                         "#EC NEEDED

* Wait in a task
  CALL FUNCTION 'RFC_PING_AND_WAIT' STARTING NEW TASK '001'
    PERFORMING f_task_end ON END OF TASK
    EXPORTING
      seconds               = 5        " Refresh time
      busy_waiting          = space
    EXCEPTIONS
      RESOURCE_FAILURE      = 1
      communication_failure = 2  MESSAGE lv_mssg
      system_failure        = 3  MESSAGE lv_mssg
      OTHERS                = 4.

ENDFORM.                               " F_CALL_RFC_WAIT

*---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*      Form  F_TASK_END
*---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM f_task_end USING u_taskname.

  DATA lv_mssg(80).                                         "#EC NEEDED

* Receiving task results

  RECEIVE RESULTS FROM FUNCTION 'RFC_PING_AND_WAIT'
    EXCEPTIONS
      RESOURCE_FAILURE      = 1
      communication_failure = 2  MESSAGE lv_mssg
      system_failure        = 3  MESSAGE lv_mssg
      OTHERS                = 4.

  CHECK sy-subrc EQ 0.
  SET USER-COMMAND '&NTE'.             " Refresh

ENDFORM.                               " F_TASK_END

*************** END OF PROGRAM Z_ALV_AUTO_REFRESH *********************