Drug Study
Drug Study
Drug Study
Medication: Usual Dosage Cellular MOA Side Effects/Drug Nursing Management Indications for
Generic/Trade name (Routes of Onset/Peak/ Interactions/ (Implications & Teachings) Use/Indication for
Specific drug class Administration) Duration Contraindications This Patient
Dosage/Route/Times
Schizophrenia, The exact Side Effects: Drowsiness, Nursing Implications Olanzapine is used
OLANZAPINE Mania: mechanism of dizziness, lightheadedness, Monitor diabetics for to treat
Trade name: 13-17 years: action of olanzapine stomach upset, dry mouth, loss of glycemic schizophrenia and
Zyprexa, Zyprexa 2.5-5 mg/day is not known. It may constipation, increased control. bipolar I disorder.
Zydis orally, adujust work by blocking appetite, or weight gain may Withhold drug and It’s also used with
Specific drug class: by increasing receptors for several occur. If any of these effects immediately report fluoxetine to treat
Atypical or decreasing neurotransmitters persist or worsen, tell your S&S of neuroleptic other conditions.
antipsychotics, 2nd by 2.5 – 5 mg. (chemicals that doctor or pharmacist malignant syndrome; These include
Generation; Target dose: nerves use to promptly. assess for and report depression caused by
Antimanic Agents 10mg/day; communicate with S&S of tardive bipolar I disorder as
Dosage: 2.5 mg – 20 Max: 20mg/day each other) in the Drug Interactions: A dyskinesia. well as depression
mg (oral), 10 mg (IM Bipolar brain. It binds to product that may interact Lab tests: Periodically that can’t be
injection, short depression: 10- alpha-1, dopamine, with this drug is: monitor ALT, controlled with other
acting), 210-405 mg/ 17 years: 2.5 histamine H-1, metoclopramide. especially in those drugs.
vials (IM) mg orally in the muscarinic, and with hepatic
Route: Oral/ IM evening and serotonin type 2 (5- Tell your doctor or dysfunction or being
Times: Taken 1 time fluoxetine 20 HT2) receptors. pharmacist if you are taking treated with other
per day mg orally, other products that cause potentially hepatotoxic
every evening, The one key drowsiness such as opioid drugs. Periodic blood
dosage difference between pain or cough relievers glucose monitoring.
adjustments if IM and oral (such as codeine, Monitor BP and HR
needed. olanzapine is rate of hydrocodone), alcohol, periodically. Monitor
absorption, which marijuana (cannabis), drugs temperature,
The oral dose influences onset of for sleep or anxiety (such as especially under
usually ranges action. IM alprazolam, lorazepam, conditions such as
from 5 mg to olanzapine zolpidem), muscle relaxants strenuous exercise,
20 mg. The generally reaches (such as carisoprodol, extreme heat, or
dose of the maximum cyclobenzaprine), or treatment with other
injection concentration in 15 antihistamines (such as anticholinergic drugs.
usually ranges to 45 minutes, cetirizine, Monitor for seizures,
from 150 mg to compared with 4 diphenhydramine). especially in older
THAOBUNYUEN, Leya S. BSN 4 DRUG STUDY
405 mg. hours after an oral adults and cognitively
Olanzapine for dose. Check the labels on all your impaired persons.
Injection is Onset: 15- 45 mins medicines (such as allergy Patient & Family Education
intended for Peak: 6hr. or cough-and-cold products)
intramuscular Duration: 30hr. because they may contain Carefully monitor
use only. Do ingredients that cause blood glucose levels if
not administer drowsiness. diabetic.
intravenously Contraindications: Do not drive or engage
or Contraindicated in patients in potentially
subcutaneously with a known hazardous activities
. Inject slowly, hypersensitivity to the until response to drug
deep into the product. May exacerbate, is known; drug
muscle mass possibly precipitate, diabetes increases risk of
mellitus, low white blood orthostatic
cell or liver dysfunction. hypotension and
cognitive impairment.
Learn common
adverse effects and
possible drug
interactions.
Avoid alcohol and do
not take additional
medications without
informing physician.
Do not become
overheated; avoid
conditions leading to
dehydration.
Do not breast feed
while taking this drug.
QUETIAPINE SEROQUEL Its actions could Side effects: Constipation, Nursing Implications This medication is
XR tablets occur from the drowsiness, upset stomach, Monitor and used to treat certain
Specific Drug class: should be antagonism of tiredness, weight gain, immediately report mental/mood
Atypical swallowed dopamine type 2 blurred vision, or dry mouth signs of neuroleptic conditions (such as
antipsychotics Trade whole and not (D2) and serotonin may occur. malignant syndrome, schizophrenia,
name: SEROquel, split, chewed, 2A (5HT2A) Serious side effects: including bipolar disorder,
THAOBUNYUEN, Leya S. BSN 4 DRUG STUDY
SEROquel XR or crushed. It is receptors. In bipolar restlessness/constant need to hyperthermia, sudden episodes of
Dosage forms: oral recommended depression and move, shakiness (tremor), diaphoresis, mania or depression
tablet (100 mg; 200 that major depression, mental/mood changes (such generalized muscle associated with
mg; 25 mg; 300 mg; SEROQUEL quetiapine's actions as increased anxiety, rigidity, decreased bipolar disorder).
400 mg; 50 mg); oral XR be taken may be attributed to depression, thoughts of cognition, tachycardia,
tablet, extended without food or the binding of this suicide), difficulty changes in blood
release (150 mg; 200 with a light drug or its swallowing, constipation pressure (BP), and
mg; 300 mg; 400 mg; meal metabolite to the with persistent abdominal incontinence.
50 mg) norepinephrine pain, persistent Symptoms typically
Route: Oral transporter. nausea/vomiting, loss of occur within 4–14
Times: Taken one to Onset: Slow appetite, yellowing days after initiation of
three times a day Peak: 1.5 hr eyes/skin, interrupted drug therapy, but can
Duration: 6hr. breathing during sleep, occur at any time
trouble urinating. during drug use.
Drug interactions: Many
drugs besides quetiapine Be alert for new
may affect the heart rhythm seizures or increased
(QT prolongation), seizure activity,
including amiodarone, especially at the onset
moxifloxacin, procainamide, of drug treatment.
quinidine, sotalol, Document the number,
thioridazine, among others. duration, and severity
of seizures, and report
Other medications can affect these findings
the removal of quetiapine immediately to the
from your body, which may physician.
affect how quetiapine
works. Examples include Assess motor function,
azole antifungals (such as and be alert for
itraconazole, ketoconazole), extrapyramidal
rifamycins (such as symptoms. Report
rifampin), drugs used to these symptoms
treat seizures (such as immediately,
phenytoin), among others. especially tardive
dyskinesia, because
Tell the doctor if it causes this problem may be
drowsiness such as opioid irreversible. Common
pain or cough relievers
THAOBUNYUEN, Leya S. BSN 4 DRUG STUDY
(such as codeine, extrapyramidal
hydrocodone), alcohol, symptoms include:
marijuana (cannabis), drugs
for sleep or anxiety (such as Tardive dyskinesia
alprazolam, lorazepam, (uncontrolled
zolpidem), muscle relaxants rhythmic movement of
(such as carisoprodol, mouth, face, and
cyclobenzaprine), or extremities, lip
antihistamines (such as smacking or
cetirizine, puckering, puffing of
diphenhydramine). cheeks, uncontrolled
chewing, rapid or
Contraindications: worm-like movements
Hypersensitivity, of tongue).
Hypokalemia,
Hypomagnesemia Pseudoparkinsonism
(shuffling gait,
rigidity, tremor, pill-
rolling motion, loss of
balance control,
difficulty speaking or
swallowing, mask-like
face).
Akathisia (restlessness
or desire to keep
moving).
Assess BP when
Assess peripheral
edema using girth
measurements, volume
displacement, and
measurement of
pitting edema (See
Appendix N). Report
increased swelling in
feet and ankles or a
sudden increase in
body weight due to
fluid retention.
LEVOMEPROMAZ Analgesia, Act as an antagonist Side effects: Dizziness, Nursing Implications Levomepromazine
INE Sedation for a variety of lightheadedness, drowsiness, Carefully supervise (also known as
Specific Drug Class: Adult: IM 10– receptors in the constipation, dry mouth, ambulation for at least methotrimeprazine)
phenothiazine 20 mg q4–6h central nervous blurred vision, difficulty 6 h, but preferably 12 is used to treat
antipsychotics system (CNS), urinating, and weight gain h. Orthostatic certain mental/mood
Brand name: Levomepromaz including may occur. hypotension with disorders (such as
Nozinan ine Injection adrenergic, Drug Interaction: A faintness, weakness, schizophrenia,
Dosage: may be dopamine, product that may interact and dizziness may bipolar disorder). It
10mg,12.5mg,50mg,7 administered histamine, with this drug is: occur within 10–20 works by helping to
5mg,100mg by cholinergic and levodopa min after drug restore certain
Routes: oral tablet, intramuscular serotonin (5- Many drugs besides administration and natural substances in
and IM injection or hydroxytryptamine; levomepromazine may may last 4–6 h and the brain.
Times: every 6 to 8 intravenous 5-HT) receptors. affect the heart rhythm (QT occasionally as long as
hours injection after Onset: 30 min. prolongation), including 12 h. Tolerance to
dilution with an Duration: 8hr. dronedarone, pimozide, effects usually
equal volume among others. develops with
of normal Contraindications: successive doses.
saline, or by Comatose state, severe CNS Excessive sedation
continuous depression, and amnesia also
subcutaneous phaeochromocytoma, blood occur commonly
infusion with dyscrasia. during early drug
an appropriate therapy.
volume of Assess BP and pulse
normal saline. frequently until dosage
requirements and
response are
Monitor confusion,
hallucinations,
depression, and other
psychologic problems.
Repeated or excessive
symptoms may require
change in dose or
medication.
Instruct patient to
report other
bothersome side
effects, including
severe or prolonged
headache, vision
problems, decreased
sweating, urinary
problems (hesitancy,
retention), or GI
problems (nausea,
constipation, dry
mouth).
CLONAZEPAM Panic Disorder Clonazepam Side effects: Drowsiness, Nursing Implications Clonazepam is used
Specific Drug Class: 0.25 mg PO enhances the dizziness, tiredness, loss of Monitor addiction- to prevent and
Benzodiazepines q12hr initially; activity of the coordination, or increased prone patients control seizures.
Brand name: may increase to inhibitory saliva production may carefully because of This medication is
Klonopin 1 mg/day after neurotransmitter occur. their predisposition to known as an
Dosage: tablet 3 days (up to 4 Gamma- Drug interaction: Some habituation and drug anticonvulsant or
dispersible: Schedule mg/day in some Aminobutyric acid products that may interact dependence. antiepileptic drug. It
IV patients) (GABA) in the with this drug include: is also used to treat
0.125mg, 0.25mg, central nervous orlistat, sodium oxybate. · Monitor liver panic attacks
0.5mg, 1mg, 2mg Seizure system to give its Contraindications: function and blood
Avoid pregnancy;
serious adverse effects
can occur. Use of
barrier contraceptives
is advised while taking
this drug.
Drowsiness, dizziness
(may become less
pronounced; avoid
driving or engaging in
other dangerous
activities); GI upset
(take drug with food);
fatigue; dreams;
crying; nervousness;
depression, emotional
changes; bed-wetting,
urinary incontinence.
Report severe
dizziness, weakness,