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Math207 HW2

This document contains 11 math problems related to differential equations and complex variables. Problem 1 asks to derive an expression for the particular solution of a non-homogeneous second order linear differential equation using the variation of parameters method. Problems 2-5 involve solving various second and third order differential equations using methods like undetermined coefficients, variation of parameters, and applying properties of Euler, Cauchy, and higher order equations. Problems 6-7 apply differential equations to modeling electric circuits and mass-spring systems. Problems 8-9 concern Legendre polynomials and their properties. Problems 10-11 examine Bessel equations and functions.

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48 views2 pages

Math207 HW2

This document contains 11 math problems related to differential equations and complex variables. Problem 1 asks to derive an expression for the particular solution of a non-homogeneous second order linear differential equation using the variation of parameters method. Problems 2-5 involve solving various second and third order differential equations using methods like undetermined coefficients, variation of parameters, and applying properties of Euler, Cauchy, and higher order equations. Problems 6-7 apply differential equations to modeling electric circuits and mass-spring systems. Problems 8-9 concern Legendre polynomials and their properties. Problems 10-11 examine Bessel equations and functions.

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Pramod
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Subject: Math 207 - Differential Equations and Complex Variables

Homework – 2 (Linear Second order ODE and Power series) Date:


———————————————————————————————————————
Problem 1 ( Variation of parameters) If the non-homogeneous equation y 00 +a(x)y 0 +
b(x)y = f (x) has yh (x) = c1 y1 (x) + c2 y2 (x) as a general solution of the associated homo-
geneous equation y 00 + a(x)y 0 + b(x)y = 0. Show that the particular solution yp (x) of the
non-homogeneous equation is given by
Z Z
y2 (x)f (x) y1 (x)f (x)
yp (x) = −y1 (x) dx + y2 (x) dx
W (y1 , y2 )(x) W (y1 , y2 )(x)

where W (y1 , y2 )(x) is the Wronskian of the two independent solutions y1 and y2 of the
associated homogeneous equation.

Problem 2 (Method of undetermined coefficients) Solve the following differential


equations using method of undetermined coefficients.
1. y 00 + y = −30 sin 4x

2. y 00 + 4y 0 + 4y = 4 x2 + 6 ex

3. y 00 − y 0 − 6y = 20 e−2x , y(0) = 0, y 0 (0) = 6

4. y 00 − 4y 0 + 4y = 6 xe2x , y(0) = 0, y 0 (0) = 3

5. y 00 − 3y 0 + 2y = 3 e−x − 10 cos 3x, y(0) = 1, y 0 (0) = 2

Problem 3 (Variation of parameters) Solve the following differential equations using


method of variation of parameters.
e2x
1. y 00 − 4y 0 + 4y = 6 + x

2. y 00 − 2y 0 + 4y = ex sin x

3. y 00 + 2y 0 + 4y = e−x ln x

4. y 00 + y = cos x, y(0) = 3, y 0 (0) = 0

Problem 4 (Euler Cauchy Equation) Solve the following differential equations.


1. x2 y 00 + 3xy 0 + y = 3x6

2. xy 00 − y 0 = (3 + x)x2 ex

3. x2 y 00 + 5xy 0 + 4y = 0, y(1) = 1, y 0 (1) = 1

Problem 5 (Higher order) Solve the following differential equations:


1. x3 y 000 − x2 y 00 + 2xy 0 − 2y = 0

2. x3 y 000 − 3x2 y 0 + 6xy 0 − 6y = x4 ln x

3. y 000 − 3y 00 + 3y 0 − y = ex

1
4. y 000 + 3y 00 + 7y 0 + 5y = 0, y(0) = 1, y 0 (0) = 0, y 00 (0) = 0.
5. y 000 − 2y 00 − 4y 0 + 8y = e−3x + 8x2

Problem 6 Solve the initial value problem


F0
y 00 + ω02 y = cos ω t, y(0) = 0, y 0 (0) = 0
m
given that ω0 6= ω.

Problem 7 (Applications)
1. (Electric circuit) Find the steady-state current in the RLC-circuit if R = 8 Ω, L =
0.5 H, C = 0.1 F, E = 100 sin 2t V.
2. (Electric circuit) Find the transient current in the RLC-circuit if R = 6 Ω, L =
0.2 H, C = 0.025 F, E = 110 sin 10t V.
3. (Electric circuit) An RLC series circuit has a voltage source given by E(t) =
40 cos 2t V, a resistor of 2 Ω, an inductor of 1/4 H, and a capacitor of 1/13 F. If
the initial current is zero and the initial charge on the capacitor is 3.5 C, determine
the charge on the capacitor for t > 0.
4. (Mass spring system) Find the steady-state oscillation of the mass-spring system
modeled by the ODE: y 00 + 6y 0 + 8y = 130 cos 3t.
5. (Mass spring system) Find the transient motion of the mass-spring system mod-
eled by the ODE: y 00 + 2y 0 + 0.75y = 13 sin t.
6. (Mass spring system) The natural length of a spring is 1 m. An object is at-
tached to it and the length of the spring increases to 102 cm when the object is in
equilibrium. Then the object is initially displaced downward 1 cm and given an up-
ward velocity of 14 cm/s. Find the displacement for t > 0. Also, find the natural
frequency, period, amplitude, and phase angle of the resulting motion. Express the
answers in cgs units.

Problem 8 (Legendre’s Equation) Prove the Rodrigue formula


1 dn
Pn (x) = (x2 − 1)n , n = 0, 1, 2, · · ·
2n n! dxn
1
Problem 9 (Legendre’s Equation) Show that P5 (x) = 8
(63x5 − 70x3 + 15x) using
both Legendre polynomial formula and Rodrigue formula.
1
Problem 10 (Bessel’s Equation) Show that the function Yγ (x) = sin γx
[Jγ (x) cos γπ − J−γ (x)]
is a solution of Bessel equation x2 y 00 + xy 0 + (x2 − γ 2 )y = 0

Problem 11 (Bessel’s Equation) Show that


1. [x−ν Jν (x)]0 = −x−ν Jν+1 (x)
q
2. J−1/2 (x) = π2x cos x

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