Universidad del Atlántico

Edgardo Benitez, Maria martinez

Thermodynamics Chemistry II

Exercise No.1
Example 1

To draw the following binary phase diagrams for benzene-toluene system at:
1. Constant temperature of 80 °C.
2. Constant pressure of 101.325 kPa.
3. Constant pressure of 60.8 kPa and 188 kPa and compare the pressure
effect on phases diagram. You should draw the diagrams in a only figure.
In Antoine equation, the pressure and temperature are in mm-Hg and K respectively, the Antoine parameters are shown
in table 1:

Antonie parameters
Substance A B C Psat(mmHg) PsatKpa Tcont
Benzene 15,9008 2788,51 -52,36 757,6180003 101,007383 353,15
Toluene 16,0137 3096,52 -53,67 291,2099828 38,8247882

Formula

Solution

First we calculate the saturation pressure of benzene and toluene at the constant temperature of
80 degrees Celsius (353.15 K) The results are shown in the following table

P[Kpa] XA YA PA PB P
101,0073834 1 1 101,0074 0 101,007383
95 0,904279 0,961462 91,33889 3,716335677 95,0552191
90 0,82461 0,925463 83,29171 6,809475965 90,101181
85 0,744941 0,88523 75,24453 9,902616253 85,1471429
80 0,665272 0,839967 67,19735 12,99575654 80,1931048
75 0,585602 0,788669 59,15017 16,08889683 75,2390667
70 0,505933 0,730043 51,10299 19,18203712 70,2850286
65 0,426264 0,662397 43,05581 22,2751774 65,3309904
60 0,346595 0,583477 35,00864 25,36831769 60,3769523
55 0,266926 0,490208 26,96146 28,46145798 55,4229142
50 0,187256 0,378286 18,91428 31,55459827 50,4688761
45 0,107587 0,241491 10,8671 34,64773856 45,514838
38,82478819 0 0 0 38,824788 38,824788
Tabla No. 1

Phase diagram Benzene-Toluene

100

80

60

40

20

0
0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1 1,2

Graphic No. 1

The saturation temperatures of benzene and toluene were calculated.

The above-mentioned substances were calculated at a constant pressure of 101.325 kPa.

Kpa mmHg
Pconstante 101,325 760,0003215
T[k] T[°C]
benceno 353,2519 80,1019
tolueno 383,77599 110,626
Table No. 2

T(sat) Cº T(sat) Kº PA PB Xa Xb
80,10189897 353,251899 101,325 38,96157 1 1
82 355,15 107,3858339 41,58134 0,90789635 0,9622029
84 357,15 114,0753618 44,49337 0,816757743 0,9195355
86 359,15 121,0861661 47,56715 0,731210145 0,8738163
88 361,15 128,4285753 50,80911 0,650814734 0,8249021
90 363,15 136,1130423 54,22579 0,575171459 0,7726458
92 365,15 144,1501404 57,82388 0,503915249 0,7168957
94 367,15 152,5505585 61,6102 0,436712623 0,6574957
 96 369,15 161,3250968 65,59167 0,373258661 0,5942856
98 371,15 170,484662 69,77537 0,313274296 0,5271005
100 373,15 180,0402624 74,16848 0,256503881 0,4557713
102 375,15 190,0030037 78,77831 0,202713008 0,3801242
110,6259896 383,7759896 237,9087374 101,325 0 0
Table No.3

Phase Diagram Constant Pressure

200

150

100

50

0
0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1 1,2

Graphic No.2

The saturation temperatures of benzene and toluene were calculated, in addition, temperatures
that were between the parameters were calculated at different pressures of 60.8 kPa and 188 kPa.

P= 456 mmHg
PB sat
T[°C] PA sat [kPa] XA YA
[kPa]
64,4 60,795 1 1
67,383082 67,31 24,638 0,847 0,938
70,383082 74,366 27,55 0,71 0,869
73,383082 81,996 30,736 0,586 0,791
76,383082 90,23 34,215 0,475 0,704
79,383082 99,101 38,005 0,373 0,608
82,383082 108,643 42,127 0,281 0,502
85,383082 118,889 46,601 0,196 0,384
88,383082 129,874 51,45 0,119 0,255
91,383082 141,633 56,694 0,048 0,112
93,6 60,795 0 0

P=1410,11 mmHg
PA sat PB sat
T[°C] [kPa] [kPa] XA YA
101,6 187,999 1 1
104,604318 203,605 85,118 0,868 0,94
107,604318 220,185 92,914 0,747 0,875
110,604318 237,778 101,263 0,635 0,803
113,604318 256,423 110,19 0,532 0,726
116,604318 276,158 119,725 0,436 0,641
119,604318 297,025 129,893 0,348 0,549
122,604318 319,061 140,723 0,265 0,45
125,604318 342,308 152,244 0,188 0,342