Services for surface mining

Truck and Shovel in open pit mine:

Equipment selection and fleet design

25th November 2014

 W heel Loader
Loading hauling units
• Load & carry on short distance

Focus on hydraulic excavator

Rope shovel
Loading large trucks and off highway truck
 Hydraulic excavator
• Hydraulic excavator
• Loading hauling units
• Loading directly in a hopper

Large range of equipment :

Weight from 2 T to 1 000 T
Bucket capacity from 0,3 m3 to 45 m3

Used in the mining industry

above 100 T ( 6 m3 bucket capacity )

Main manufacturers
Liebherr, Komatsu, Hitachi, Caterpillar
Hydraulic excavator
Backhoe
configuration

Loading mainly trucks

at lower level

Front/Face shovel
configuration

Loading trucks only at

its level
 Hydraulic excavator
Models
For each model manufacturers propose backhoe & front shovel
configuration
Operating weight 100-120 T 150-200 T 200-250 T 250-300 T 300-350 T 350-400 T 400-500 T 500-700 T Above 700 T
Standard bucket size 6-7 m3 10-12 m3 12-15 m3 15-18 m3 18-22 m3 22-26 m3 26-30 m3 30-38 m3 40-50 m3

R 9100 R
Serie R 9250 R 9350 R 9400 R 995 R 996 B R 9800
984 C

Horse power EX 1200 EX 1900 EX 2600 EX 3600 EX 5600 EX 8000

Rated payload PC 1250 PC 2000 PC 3000 PC 4000 PC 5500 PC 8000

6050
6015 6018 6030 6040 6090
6060

Mining truck match 60-90 T 90-130 T 90-130 T 90-130T 130-200T 130-220T 200-260T 200-300T 240-360T

( TEREX O&k = CATERPILLAR )

Choice of the truck size :

the most efficient Pass match is : 4 – 6 passes
Hydraulic excavator
Front shovel working range
Hydraulic excavator
Backhoe working range
Hydraulic excavator
Backhoe vs Front shovel

bench
Hydraulic excavator
Front shovel utilization
Hydraulic excavator
Backhoe utilization

« Over the rail »

loading

Box cut mining

« top loading »

« Through the gate » loading

 Hydraulic excavator
Backhoe vs Front shovel
Backoe Front shovel

Bucket digging force - +

Loading visibility - +
Bench height - +
Productivity + -
Box cut mining + -
Manoeuvrability, flexibility + -

Main variance :
Single flitch maintenance with front shovel compare to 2 to 3
flitches with backoe for the same bench height
 Hydraulic excavator
Electrical powered excavator
Electrical powered excavator :

Manufacturers developped electrical version for each model

Very economic when the site is nearby an electrical grid supllying

electricity at low cost

Not so flexible , electrical power line to manage

 Hydraulic excavator
Electrical vs diesel powered excavator
Electric Diesel

Investment cost - +
Power cost ++ -
Maintenance cost + -
Mechanical availability + -
Excavator movement management - +
In pit organization ( cable ) - +
Hydraulic excavator
Bucket choice

High capacity, for

lower density
material
 Hydraulic excavator
Bucket choice
GET « Ground Engaging Tools »

Lip

Adaptors

Lip shroud
Wear corner
Tips
Side shroud
 Hauling
2 types of trucks :

Rigid frame trucks

from 35 T to 360 T payload capacity
used in mining above 60T
Main manufacturers:
Caterpillar,Komatsu,
Hitachi,Liebherr,Bellaz

Articulated trucks
from 20 T to 60 T payload capacity
used in mining for specific usage and
as support equipment
Main manufacturers:
Caterpillar, Volvo ,Bell
 Hauling ( ADT )
Pay load 18 T 23/24 T 26/28 T 30/33 T 37/40 T 45 T 55 T

Serie 725 730/735 740

A 25 A 30 A 35 A 40

B 18 B 25 B 30 B 35 B 40 /B 45 B 50 B 60

250 300 370 410/460

HM 250 HM 300 HM350 HM 400

TA 230 TA 240
 Hauling ( OHT )
Pay load 60 T 90 T 140 T 180 T 220 T 250 T 300 T 320 T 360 T

795 F
Serie 775 G 777 G 785 D 789 D 793 F 797 F
AC
CATERPILLAR MT 3300 MT 3700 MT 4400 MT 5500 MT 6300
TEREX AC AC AC AC AC
HD 830 E
Horse power HD 605 HD 785 730 E 860 E 930 E 960 E
1500 AC
EH 3500 EH 4000 EH 5000
Rated payload EH 1100 EH 1700
AC AC AC
7513
Standard bucket 75570 7530 7531 7560
7517

Mining truck match T 282 C

( EUCLID = HITACHI )
 Hauling
Some models are proposed with AC option : Diesel Electric Drive

Investment cost around 15% higher

Less energy consumption , lower maintenance cost

 Hauling
Ultimate stage : Trolley assist operation
 Hauling

2 types of tIres
Hauling
Radial type avantages vs Bias :

Long tyre life

Better traction
Lower fuel consumption
Cut & impact resistance
 Hauling
TMPH/TKPH Definition

– The TMPH/TKPH (Ton Mile/Kilometer Per Hour) is an expression of the

working capacity of a tire, it is also what the work site demands of the tire.

– The TMPH/TKPH is a function of the maximum allowed

internal operating temperature of the tire

The lower TKPH is used in hard rock , which is more resistant cuts but the
risk of overheating is high

The higher TKPH is used in soft material , it’ allows longer distances

Example :
Tire Michelin 40.00R57 XDR B4 E4R , TKPH 960
maximum distance 20 km in 1 hour,
Hard rubber, high stress resistance, bad heat removal.
Tire Michelin 40.00R57 XDR C4 E4R , TKPH 1440
maximum distance 30 km in 1 hour
Soft rubber, low stress resistance, good heat removal
 Hauling
For the biggest truck only Radial type are used ,
and due to the tire life mainly radial type are used in mining.

The tire life for radial type 5000 – 7000 Hours

Main manufacturers

MICHELIN
BRIDGESTONE
GOODYEAR
 Hauling
Link to TKPH , the maximum distance from the bottom of the pit to
the dump or stock pile is 4 to 6 km

Special application HAULMAX :

to operate from the bottom of the pit on haul cycles out to 50 km

Dump truck or trailer 60 T to 130 T payload

 Hauling
Truck body

Truck body must be

adapted to the type
Gateless Coal Body
of material to move This specialized high volume
body, available in several
sizes, is targeted at dedicated
coal haulage applications with
Lined minimal impact.
Dual Slope Body
The original standard body, the Dual Slope body,
provides excellent load retention, maintains allow
center of gravity with optimum load distribution,
reduces shock loading and is available in lined and
unlined configurations.

Unlined

Suspended Dump Body

The flexible rubber floor reduces the carry back,
specially in wet tropical conditions or in severe
climatic zones where ice/snow adhesion is a
problem. This body reduces the spillage and
increases pay load.