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Sequence Finite Sequence Infinite Sequence Series: For Example

This document discusses sequences and series. It defines a sequence as a list of numbers following a pattern, and can be either finite or infinite. An arithmetic progression is a sequence where the difference between consecutive terms is constant. It provides the formulas for the nth term and sum of the first n terms of an arithmetic progression. A geometric progression is a sequence where the ratio between consecutive terms is constant. It also gives the formulas for the nth term and sum of terms for a geometric progression, as well as some properties of arithmetic and geometric progressions. The document also discusses means, including the arithmetic mean, geometric mean, and their relationship. It provides formulas for finding multiple means between two numbers and for summing special series.

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Naresh bhardwaj
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385 views2 pages

Sequence Finite Sequence Infinite Sequence Series: For Example

This document discusses sequences and series. It defines a sequence as a list of numbers following a pattern, and can be either finite or infinite. An arithmetic progression is a sequence where the difference between consecutive terms is constant. It provides the formulas for the nth term and sum of the first n terms of an arithmetic progression. A geometric progression is a sequence where the ratio between consecutive terms is constant. It also gives the formulas for the nth term and sum of terms for a geometric progression, as well as some properties of arithmetic and geometric progressions. The document also discusses means, including the arithmetic mean, geometric mean, and their relationship. It provides formulas for finding multiple means between two numbers and for summing special series.

Uploaded by

Naresh bhardwaj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sequence And Series - Part I

Sequence Series It is the sum of terms in a sequence.

It is a list of numbers following a pattern. Finite Sequence


For example: It is a sequence with finite number of terms.
Sequence of even numbers, sequence of Infinite Sequence
squares of natural numbers etc. It is a sequence with infinite number of terms.

Arithmetic Progression
1 It is the sequence in which the difference between any two consecutive terms is constant.
2 The constant difference is called common difference.

nth Term In AP Sum Of First n Terms Of AP


sn = —n [ 2a + (n - 1) d ]
tn = a + (n - 1) d 2
=— n [ a + tn ]
2
where where
tn = the nth term sn is the sum of first n terms
a = the first term tn is the nth term
d = the common difference a is the first term
d is the common difference

Consecutive terms to be considered if it is given that the terms are


in AP
1 3 - Terms a - d, a, a + d are in AP
2 4 - Terms a - 3d , a - d , a + d , a + 3d are in AP
3 5 - Terms a - 2d , a - d , a , a + d, a +2d are in AP

Properties Of AP
1 If a number is added or subtracted from every term of an AP, then the resulting terms are
also in AP.
2 If every term of an AP is multiplied or divided by a non-zero number, then the resulting
terms are also in AP.
3 If terms in regular interval are selected from an AP, then the resulting terms are also in AP.
Sequence And Series - Part II
Geometric Progression
1 It is the sequence in which ratio of two consecutive terms is constant.
2 This constant ratio is called common ratio.
3 Sequence a, ar, ar2, ar3...

nth Term Of GP Sum Of First n Terms Of AP Sum To Infinite


n
sn = a(r - 1) ,| r | > 1
tn = arn-1 r- 1 a
s∞ = ,| r | < 1
a(1- rn) ,| r | < 1 1- r
where = where
1- r
a = first term = an ,r = 1
where s∞ = sum of infinite terms in GP
tn = nth term sn = sum of first n terms a = first term
r = common ratio a = first term r = common ratio
r = common ratio

Properties Of GP
1 If every term of GP is multiplied or divided by a non-zero number, then the resulting
terms are also in GP.
2 If all terms of GP are raised to the same powers, then the resulting terms are also in GP.

Means
a+b
1 Arithmetic mean: For two numbers a and b arithmetic mean AM = 2
For n numbers, a1 + a2 + a3 +...+ an
AM = n
2 Geometric mean: For two numbers a and b, Geometric mean
GM = ab
For n numbers,
GM = n a1.a2.a3...an
3 Relation between AM and GM:
For positive numbers,
AM 8 GM

Multiple means Between Two Numbers Sum Of Special Series


Let a and b two numbers
1 n Arithmetic means: If A1, A2, A3...An are AM 1 1+ 2 +3 +...+ n = n( n + 1 )
2
between a and b then,
n( b - a )
An = a + n + 1 2 12+ 22 +32 +...+ n2 = n( n + 1 )( 2n + 1 )
6
2 n Geometric means: If G1, G2, G3...Gn are GM
between a and b then, 2 2
3 13+ 23 +33 +...+ n3 = n ( n + 1 )
n/n + 1
4
( )
b
Gn = a —
a

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