MINISTRY OF EDUCATION

FIJI SCHOOL LEAVING CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION 2013

PHYSICS

Time Allowed: Three Hours

(An extra ten minutes is allowed for reading this paper.)

INSTRUCTIONS

1. Write all your answers in the Answer Book provided.

2. Write your Index Number on the front page and inside the back flap of the Answer Book.

3. If you need more paper, ask the supervisor for extra sheets. Tie these inside the Answer Book at
the appropriate places.

4. You may use a calculator, provided it is silent, battery-operated and non-programmable.

5. There are two sections in the paper. Section A and Questions 1 to 7 of Section B are
compulsory. Note the choices in Question 8 of Section B.

Note : Formulae and Physical Data which may be useful during the examination are given
on page 2.

SUMMARY OF QUESTIONS

Section Guidelines Total Suggested

Mark Time

A There are twenty multiple-choice questions. 20 36 minutes

All the questions are compulsory.

B There are eight questions.

Questions 1 to 7 are compulsory. 80 144 minutes
Question 8 has four options. Answer only one option.

COPYRIGHT: MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FIJI, 2013.

 2.

SOME COMMON PHYSICS FORMULAE & PHYSICAL DATA

1. s = v i t + ½ at² 16. H = mc∆t 27. Q = It = ne

1
2. v f = v i + at 17. T = f 28. F = BIl

3. v f ² = v i ² + 2as 18. v = fλ 29. V = Bvl

2π R
4. v = 19. Si So = f ² 30. V = IR
T

ν2 1 1 1
5. a = 20. = + 31. P = VI
R f u v

4π2 R Sinθ1 ν1 λ1 n 2
6. a = 21. = = = 32. F = Bvq
T 2 Sinθ2 ν 2 λ 2 n1

dx
7. F = ma 22. p.d = dsin θ = nλ = 33. hf = Ek + φ
L

8. p = mv 23. PV = kT 34. P = ρgh

9. F∆t = m∆v 24. F = Eq

Gm1m 2
10. F = 25. W = Eqd
r2

W
11. Ek = ½mv² 26. V =
q

12. Ep = mgh In the examination, use the following :

Ep = ½kx² g = 10 N/kg = 10 m/s2

14. W = Fd Electronic charge, e = 1.6 x 10-19 C

W
15. P = Electronic mass, m = 9.1 x 10-31 kg
t

Speed of light, c = 3 x 108 m/s

Planck’s constant, h = 6.63 x 10-34 Js

Mass of proton = 1.67 x 10-27 kg

Gravitational constant, G = 6.67 x 10-11 Nm2/kg2

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FSLCE 2013: PHYSICS.

 3.

SECTION A [20 marks]

The multiple-choice questions in this section are all compulsory.

Each question is worth 1 mark.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. In your Answer Book, circle the letter which represents the best answer. If you change
your mind, put a line through your first choice and circle the letter of your next choice.

For example: 8 A B C D

2. If you change your mind again and like your first answer better, put a line through your
✓) your first answer.
second circle and tick (✓

For example: 8 A B C D
✓

3. No mark will be given if you circle more than one letter for a question.

1. Which of the following contains only fundamental SI units?

A. Metre Second Newton

B. Kelvin Second Kilogram
C. Kilogram Ampere Celsius
D. Candela Volt Joules

Gm1 m2
2. For the given formula, F = , which of the following graphs best represents the
d2
relationship between F and d 2 ?

A. F B. F

d2 d2

C. F D. F

d2 d2

Turn Over
© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FSLCE 2013: PHYSICS.
 4.

Read the following statements carefully and then answer Question 3.

I. Energy is a vector quantity.
II. A scalar quantity has direction.
III. Speed is a scalar quantity.

3. Which of the statement(s) above is/are true?

A. I only
B. II only
C. III only
D. I and III

4. Hooke’s Law states that “the extension of a spring is directly proportional to the force applied.”
The area under the Force versus Extension graph gives the
A. kinetic energy.
B. spring constant.
C. total distance travelled.
D. elastic potential energy.

5. A toy cannon is mounted vertically on a cart. The cart is moving along a straight line with
constant speed. A spring inside the cannon shoots a ball vertically upwards.

ball
cannon

No resistance forces act on the cart and on the ball. Which of the following statements is true
about the position where the ball will land?
A. The ball will land inside the cannon.
B. The ball will land behind the cannon.
C. The ball will land in front of the cannon.
D. The position depends on the speed of the cart.

6. Two objects collide inelastically. For this system of two objects,

A. only momentum is conserved.
B. only kinetic energy is conserved.
C. both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved.
D. neither momentum nor kinetic energy are conserved.

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FSLCE 2013: PHYSICS.

 5.

7. The Law of Conservation of Energy states that,

A. for a body at rest, total mechanical energy is zero.
B. for a moving body, work done equals kinetic energy.
C. energy before a collision is the same as energy after a collision.
D. energy is neither created nor destroyed; it only changes its form.

8. Boyle’s Law states that, for a fixed mass of gas, pressure is

A. directly proportional to volume if temperature is kept constant.

B. inversely proportional to volume if temperature is kept constant.
C. directly proportional to temperature if volume is kept constant.
D. inversely proportional to temperature if volume is kept constant.

9. The temperature of a solid body is defined as the

A. thermal energy required to increase the body’s temperature by one degree.

B. maximum thermal energy that must be supplied to melt the solid.
C. total kinetic and potential energy of the solid’s molecules.
D. average kinetic energy of the solid’s molecules.

10. The formation of an inverted image on the screen of a pin-hole camera shows that light

A. creates shadows.
B. is affected by gravity.
C. travels in straight lines.
D. can bend around objects.

11. The diagram below shows a ray of light travelling from an optically more dense medium to an
optically less dense medium.
J
normal
K
L

θC M
incident ray

If the angle of incidence is more than the critical angle, θC, which of the rays above is the correct
pathway of the transmitted ray?

A. J
B. K
C. L
D. M

Turn Over
© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FSLCE 2013: PHYSICS.
 6.

12. Figures A and B below show two different types of waves travelling along a ‘slinky’.

Figure A Figure B

Which choice below best describes the waves shown?

Figure A Figure B
A. mechanical electromagnetic
B. electromagnetic mechanical
C. longitudinal transverse
D. transverse longitudinal

13. The dual nature of light means that light

A. is both a particle and a wave.

B. can be reflected and refracted.
C. has both a frequency and a wavelength.
D. is both a transverse and a longitudinal wave.

14. During a school assembly, while walking in front of a pair of loudspeakers, faint and loud sounds
were heard. The most probable cause of this is

A. an echo.
B. diffraction.
C. interference.
D. superposition.

15. Two identical metal spheres are charged. Sphere A has a net charge of +7Q. Sphere B has a net
charge of −3Q. The spheres are brought together, allowed to touch, and then separated. What is
the net charge on each sphere now?

A B

+7Q −3Q

A. Each sphere has a net charge of +4Q

B. Each sphere has a net charge of +2Q
C. Sphere A has +7Q, Sphere B has −3Q
D. Sphere A has +4Q, Sphere B has no net charge

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FSLCE 2013: PHYSICS.

 7.

16. Which of these diagrams best shows the electric field pattern around two negative
charges placed near each other?

A. B.

C. D.

17. The emf or electromotive force of a cell is a measure of the cell’s

A. current.
B. internal resistance.
C. work done per unit charge.
D. force acting per unit charge.

18. A length of resistance wire is used as a resistor in a simple circuit.

A resistance wire

Four separate changes are made to the wire. Which change will increase the value of the
resistance of the wire?
A. Its length is increased.
B. Its temperature is decreased.
C. Its cross-sectional area is increased.
D. It is covered in an insulating plastic coating.

19. Which of the following is an example of a moving coil meter?

A. a generator
B. a DC ammeter
C. an AC voltmeter
D. a digital multi-meter

Turn Over
© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FSLCE 2013: PHYSICS.
 8.

20. Which of the following properties makes materials suitable for use as a core in an electromagnet?

A. easy to magnetise and easy to demagnetise

B. difficult to magnetise and easy to demagnetise
C. easy to magnetise and retains magnetic strength
D. difficult to magnetise and retains magnetic strength

SECTION B [80 marks]

There are eight questions in this section. Questions 1 to 7 are all compulsory and are worth 10
marks each. Question 8 has four options. Answer only one option. Question 8 is also worth 10
marks.

QUESTION 1

(a) While conducting an experiment to investigate gravitational acceleration, some

Physics students obtained the following ticker tape using a 50 Hz ticker timer
connected to a trolley.

Diagram is not drawn to scale.

5.3 cm 8.1 cm

(i) How does the ticker tape above show that the trolley is accelerating? (1 mark)

(ii) Calculate the acceleration of the trolley in m/s2. (1 mark)

(b) The graph below illustrates Charles’ Law for a fixed mass of gas.

Volume (m3)

X Temperature (°C)

(i) Rewrite Charles’ Law in words, stating clearly any necessary conditions. (1 mark)

(ii) What is the significance of point X marked above? (1 mark)

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FSLCE 2013: PHYSICS.

 9.

(c) The diagram below shows an object placed in front of a concave lens. To
determine the position of the image, a ray has been drawn.

Object

(i) On the diagram in the Answer Book, use the ray given to locate the
position of the focal point. Mark this position with a ‘F’. (1 mark)

(ii) On the same diagram in the Answer Book, draw one other ray to
determine the position of the image. Draw this image. (1 mark)

(d) The electromagnetic spectrum refers to a range of electromagnetic radiations

with different uses.

(i) Which part of the spectrum has the longest wavelength? (1 mark)
(ii) A remote control uses Infra-red radiation from a Light Emitting Diode
(LED) of wavelength 940 nm to send a signal to a television set.
Calculate the frequency of this signal. (1 mark)

(e) The transformer shown below is used to convert 240 V AC to 6 V AC.

Primary Coil Secondary Coil

(480 turns)

(i) What name is given to this type of transformer? (1 mark)

(ii) Using the information above, calculate the number of turns on the
secondary coil. (1 mark)

Turn Over
© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FSLCE 2013: PHYSICS.
 10.

SECTION B (continued)

QUESTION 2

(a) Two carpenters A and B are carrying a 5 kg plank of uniform weight as shown
below. A tool box of mass 10 kg is placed 1.5 m from one end as shown.

4m

Plank
Tool box
1.5 m

A B

If the two carpenters are of the same height, find the force each carpenter
supports to enable them to keep the plank balanced so that the tool box doesn’t
fall off. (2 marks)

(b) (i) Give one example of a renewable and a non-renewable energy source. (1 mark)

(ii) The Fiji Sugar Corporation(FSC) generates electricity at its mill in Lautoka
by burning ‘bagasse’, the waste residue of crushed sugar cane, which they
then sell to the Fiji Electricity Authority. The flow chart below illustrates
this process of electricity generation but it is incomplete. In your Answer
Book, complete the flow chart.

Useful
Bagasse Turbine electrical
output
(1 mark)

(c) A piece of metal weighs 20 N in air, 15 N when submerged in water and 17 N

when submerged in kerosene.

(i) By comparing the apparent weights in water and kerosene, decide which
liquid is more dense. Give a reason for your answer. (1 mark)

(ii) Given that the density of water is 1000 kg/m3, determine the density of
the metal. (2 marks)

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FSLCE 2013: PHYSICS.

 11.

(d) A car, of mass 400 kg, moves around a circular roundabout of radius 15 m,
with a constant speed, v. It completes half a revolution in 20 seconds.

v
15 m car

(i) Calculate the speed of the car. (1 mark)

(ii) Is the car accelerating? Give a reason for your answer. (1 mark)

(iii) Find the force, if any, acting on the car. (1 mark)

QUESTION 3

(a) The diagram below shows options for an inclined plane (ramp) to be used to
lift a heavy mass onto a truck.

Ramp A

1.5 m

Ramp B Ramp C

(i) Of the three options, which ramp, A, B or C would use the least amount
of force? Give a reason for your answer. (1 mark)

(ii) Given that Ramp B has an angle of incline of 30° and the mass to be lifted
is 45 kg, disregarding friction, calculate the amount of work done in lifting
the mass to the top of the truck. (1 mark)

Turn Over
© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FSLCE 2013: PHYSICS.
 12.

SECTION B (continued)

(b) The diagram below shows two masses on a bench top connected by a light
inextensible string.

3 kg

T
Frictional Force, FR
5 kg a = 3 m/s2

The system is accelerating at 3 m/s2 as shown.

(i) Find the net force acting on the system. (1 mark)

(ii) Calculate the tension, T, in the string. (1 mark)

(iii) Find the frictional force between the 3 kg mass and the bench top. (1 mark)

(c) A police car of mass 800 kg, travelling East, collides with another car of mass
500 kg, travelling North, at a road junction as shown below.

12 m/s

30°
Police car
vA
vB

Given that the two cars stick together after collision and move off with a
common velocity of 12 m/s in the direction shown, find the speed, vA and vB,
of each car before collision. (2 marks)

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FSLCE 2013: PHYSICS.

 13.

(d) Uma is playing with a remote-controlled toy car, moving it forwards and
backwards in a straight line. Use the information given in the velocity-time
graph below to answer the questions that follow.
Velocity (m/s)

0
2 4 6 8 10 Time (s)

-2

(i) At what time did the toy car first start moving backwards? (1 mark)
(ii) Calculate the acceleration of the car at t = 4 s. (1 mark)
(iii) Find the displacement of the toy car at t = 6 s. (1 mark)

QUESTION 4

(a) A circle has a radius of 5.0 ± 0.2 m.

(i) Find the percentage uncertainty of the given radius. (1 mark)
(ii) Calculate the area of the circle, giving the answer with the appropriate
uncertainty. (1 mark)

(b) A pilot training school is conducting a training exercise for its trainee pilots.
As part of the exercise, the trainee pilots are supposed to drop a bag of sand
from an altitude of 520 m to hit an empty house which is 20 m high.

120 m/s
Bag of
sand!!!
520 m
R 20 m

(i) Given that the plane is flying horizontally at 120 m/s and the bag of
sand is in free fall, calculate the time it takes the bag to hit the top of the
house. (2 marks)
(ii) At what distance, R, should the pilot release the bag of sand in order to hit
the house? (1 mark)

Turn Over
© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FSLCE 2013: PHYSICS.
 14.

SECTION B (continued)

(c) The diagram given below shows two masses 7.35 x 1021 kg and 5.98 x 1024 kg
separated by a distance of 3.2 x 108 m.

5.98 x 1024 kg 7.35 x 1021 kg

3.2 x 108 m

(i) Calculate the gravitational force between the two masses. (1 mark)

(ii) By what factor will the gravitational force change if both the masses are
doubled and the distance between the two masses is reduced to half of its
original value? (1 mark)

(d) A punt crosses the Seaqaqa River with a speed of 3 ms-1 at a section where the
river is 60 m wide. The punt tries to head directly across the river. The river
flows downstream at 1.5 ms-1.

3 ms-1

1.5 ms-1
60 m

(i) How long does the punt take to cross the river? (1 mark)

(ii) How far downstream does the punt land on the opposite bank? (1 mark)

(iii) At what angle upstream, must the punt row if it wants to land at a point
directly opposite to where it started? (1 mark)

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FSLCE 2013: PHYSICS.

 15.

QUESTION 5

(a) A car, of unknown mass, is travelling along a level road at 72 km/hr when
suddenly its brake fails. Luckily the road is clear of any traffic and the driver sees
a hill in front. He decides to steer the car up the hill. Ignore friction for this
problem.

h
72 km/hr

(i) Convert 72 km/hr to metres per second (m/s). (1 mark)

(ii) Use your answer in part (i) above to determine the maximum height, h, to
which the car goes up the hill. (1 mark)

(b) A hydraulic lift is used to lift the car above for repairs in a garage as shown below.

250 N

Piston A Piston B

fluid

Piston A has an area of 0.05 m2 while piston B has an area of 2.5 m2. A 250 N
force acts on piston A, which is enough to lift the car. Determine the mass of the
car being lifted. (2 marks)

(c) A student pours 0.20 kg of soup into a ceramic bowl having a mass of 0.40 kg.
The initial temperature of the bowl is 20°C and the initial temperature of the
soup is 50°C. After a while, both the bowl and the soup have a temperature of
40°C. The specific heat capacity of the soup is 4328 Jkg-1°C-1. Assume no heat
is lost to the surrounding.

(i) Calculate the heat energy lost by the soup. (1½ marks)

(ii) Calculate the specific heat capacity of the ceramic material from which
the bowl is made. (1½ marks)

Turn Over
© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FSLCE 2013: PHYSICS.
 16.

SECTION B (continued)

(d) A student uses a laser and a double-slit apparatus to project a two-point source
light interference pattern onto a whiteboard located 5.87 m away. The distance
measured between the central bright band and the fourth bright band is 8.21 cm.
The slits are separated by a distance of 0.150 mm.

(i) Bright and dark bands are formed through the interference of light.
Explain how a dark band is formed on the whiteboard. (1 mark)

(ii) Determine the wavelength of the laser light. (2 marks)

QUESTION 6

(a) An object is placed in front of a convex mirror as shown below.

F
Object C

3 cm

(i) Use at least two rays to construct the image in the diagram provided in
the Answer Book. (1 mark)

(ii) The image formed by a convex mirror is considered a virtual image.

Explain why. (1 mark)

(b) A fisherman notices a fish at the bottom of a lake. Refer to the diagram below
to answer the question that follows.

Eye
nair = 1.0
32º

θ
Fish nwater = 1.33

Calculate the size of the angle of refraction, θ. (Express your final answer to
three significant figures). (2 marks)

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FSLCE 2013: PHYSICS.

 17.

(c) Wavefronts are seen to cross a boundary from deep to shallow water as shown
below. The arrow shows the direction of the waves as they move from deep
water to shallow water.

20 cm

Shallow water

15 cm/s boundary

Deep water

30 cm

Use the information in the diagram above to answer the questions that follow.

(i) Determine the wavelength of the waves in deep water. (1 mark)

(ii) Calculate the frequency of the waves in deep water. (1 mark)

(iii) Find the velocity of the waves in shallow water. (1 mark)

(d) This question is about an experiment designed to measure the charge on an

electron. In this experiment, ‘Millikan’s Oil Drop Experiment’, two parallel
metal plates, 3.2 × 10−2 m apart, are connected to a 600 V power supply.

3.2 × 10-2 m Oil drop 600 V

(i) Calculate the electric field strength between the two plates. (1 mark)

(ii) The electric field between the plates just supports the weight of an oil
drop of mass 1.8 × 10−15 kg, which has acquired a charge due to a few
excess electrons. Given that the oil drop is stationary, calculate the
charge on the oil drop. (1 mark)

(iii) What is the most likely number of excess electrons acquired by the oil
drop? (1 mark)

Turn Over
© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FSLCE 2013: PHYSICS.
 18.

SECTION B (continued)

QUESTION 7

(a) Shown below are two closely spaced metal plates connected to a 240 V supply.

5 cm 240 V

A uniform electric field exists between the plates.

(i) On the diagram given in your Answer Book, draw the electric field
pattern between the two plates. (1 mark)

(ii) If the plates are 5 cm apart, find the work done on an electron travelling
from the negative to the positive plate. (1 mark)

(b) Your Physics teacher gives you a cell, a lamp, an ammeter, a voltmeter and
some connecting wires and asks you to set up a circuit to determine the power
rating of that lamp.

(i) Construct an appropriate circuit diagram using all the components above
to achieve this aim. Use appropriate circuit symbols. (2 marks)

(ii) Given that the voltmeter reads 10 V and the ammeter reads 5 A, find the
power rating of the lamp. (1 mark)

(c) Refer to the diagram below and answer the questions that follow.

3Ω 3Ω
A+

3Ω 3Ω

B−

(i) Calculate the total resistance between points A and B. (1 mark)

(ii) Find the voltage drop across AB if the current in the circuit is 4 mA. (1 mark)

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FSLCE 2013: PHYSICS.

 19.

(d) The diagram below shows a simplified version of a DC motor.

Source: http:studyvilla.com
(i) What is the purpose of the split ring commutator? (1 mark)

(ii) Determine if the coil shown above rotates clockwise or anti-clockwise. (1 mark)

(iii) Calculate the size of the magnetic force experienced by wire XY in the
diagram above, using the information given below:

• Strength of the magnetic field = 2.50 T

• Current = 3.5 A
• Length of wire XY in the field = 10.0 cm (1 mark)

QUESTION 8

There are four options in this question. Choose only one option and answer all the questions in
that option.

EITHER

OPTION I HOUSEHOLD PHYSICS

(a) A transmission line is used to carry current from Wailoa power station to Vuda
sub-station. The generator in the power station produces 80 MW of power at
5 kV. The voltage is then stepped up to 132 kV. The transmission line has a
length of 150 km and the resistance of the line is 0.01 Ω/km.
(i) Determine the current flowing in the line. (1 mark)
(ii) Calculate the power loss in the line, giving your answer in kilowatts
(kW). (2 marks)

Turn Over
© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FSLCE 2013: PHYSICS.
 20.

SECTION B (continued)

(b) The diagram below shows a 2 kW electric iron connected to a 240 V mains supply
socket using a three pin plug.

Live
Heating element

Neutral
Plastic casing of iron

Earth

(i) For safety reasons, a fuse is connected to the circuit above. In which wire
would you connect the fuse? (1 mark)

(ii) The fuses available are 3 A, 5 A and 13 A. Calculate the value of the fuse
which should be used. (1½ marks)

(iii) Copy and fill in the table below to distinguish the colour coding of each
wire.
Wire Colour of Insulation
Blue
Green/yellow
Brown
(1½ marks)

(c) An electric kettle is connected to a 240 V mains supply. The current flowing in
the kettle is measured to be 10 A.

(i) Determine the power rating of the kettle. (1 mark)

(ii) How much energy in kWh does the kettle use if operated for 20 minutes
a day for 4 weeks? (1 mark)

(iii) If the cost of electricity is 17.84 cents a unit, calculate the cost of using
the kettle during this period. ( 1 unit of electricity = 1 kWh) (1 mark)

OR

OPTION II ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSICS

(a) The sun is a source of solar energy. The sun, like most stars, is a great big ball
of plasma.

(i) Explain what is meant by the term plasma. (1 mark)

(ii) What two conditions in the Sun’s core allow the plasma state to exist? (1 mark)

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FSLCE 2013: PHYSICS.

 21.

(b) The sun delivers an average power of 1000 Wm-2 to the earth’s surface on a clear
day. A photovoltaic (PV) system of solar cells delivers 3750 W of power when
the sun shines normally on it. Given that the PV system covers an area of
5 m × 5 m, calculate the efficiency of the solar cells. (2 marks)

(c) (i) The Water Cycle is a natural cycle involving evaporation, condensation,
precipitation, runoff and evapotranspiration. Use the processes involved
in the water cycle to explain why the sea is salty. (2 marks)

(ii) What is a sling psychrometer made up of? (1 mark)

(d) (i) The air pressure at sea level is 1.013 × 105 Pa. Calculate the absolute
pressure at a point 500 m below the surface of the sea if the density of
seawater is 1100 kg/m3. (2 marks)

(ii) On a particular day, the atmospheric pressure at Suva is measured to be

100.0 kPa while the pressure at the Nausori airport is measured at
101.5 kPa. What is the likely direction of the wind between Suva and
Nausori on that particular day? Give a reason for your answer. (1 mark)

OR

OPTION III ATOMIC PHYSICS

(a) Ernest Rutherford did his famous gold foil experiment in 1909 to determine the
structure of an atom. Your Physics teacher asks you to recreate that experiment
and draw its experimental set-up. Use all the materials provided below to draw
the experimental set-up of Rutherford’s experiment. Label your diagram.
Materials: scintillating screen, thin gold foil, lead box, alpha particle source. (2 marks)

(b) The three most common modes of radioactive decay are alpha, beta and gamma
decay.

(i) Rearrange the radiations above in order of most penetrative to least

penetrative. (1 mark)
(ii) Differentiate between the deflection of beta and gamma radiation by a
magnetic field. Use a diagram to illustrate your answer. (1 mark)
(iii) The decay equation for radium-226 changing into radon (Rn) is given by

226 222
88 Ra 86 Rn +

Using the correct symbol, write the particle that should go into the box
so that the above nuclear equation is balanced. (1 mark)

Turn Over
© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FSLCE 2013: PHYSICS.
 22.

SECTION B (continued)

(c) A 40 g sample of Thorium-234 was discovered after 72 days lying in the drawer in
the laboratory. If it takes 24 days for half of the Thorium-234 atom to disintegrate,
then how much Thorium would have been initially present 72 days ago? (2 marks)

(d) The graph below shows the cut-off voltage of emitted electrons in a photoelectric
experiment. The cut-off voltage is plotted against the frequency of the incident light.

Vc (eV)

1.9

0 4.5 9.0 Frequency

(x 1014 Hz)

−1.9

(i) Use the graph to determine:

I. the threshold frequency. (1 mark)
II. the value of Planck’s constant, h in J.s. (1 mark)
(ii) What is the value of the work function of the metal used in Joules? (1 mark)

OR

OPTION IV ELECTRONICS
(a) (i) Explain the meaning of the expression “a doped semiconductor”. (1 mark)
(ii) Why is doping of semiconductors done? (1 mark)

(b) The diagram below shows a 100 Ω resistor connected in series with a silicon
diode whose forward bias is 0.7 V.

100 Ω

3V

(i) Calculate the voltage drop across the resistor. (1 mark)

(ii) Calculate the value of the current, I, in the circuit. (1 mark)
(iii) Give a reason for having the resistor in series with the diode. (1 mark)

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FSLCE 2013: PHYSICS.

 23.

(c) The output voltage from a wave rectifier is shown below.

Voltage (V)

Time (s)
0

(i) What type of wave rectifier has been used? (1 mark)

(ii) Draw the shape of the input voltage signal. (1 mark)

(iii) Use the diagram above to find the peak-to-peak voltage of the input
signal. (1 mark)

(d) (i) Identify the electronic component represented by the following circuit
symbols.

I. II.

(1 mark)

(ii) If the collector current of a transistor is 0.12 amps and the gain is 50,
what is the base current? (1 mark)

THE END

______________________
COPYRIGHT: MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FIJI, 2013.