SELF-LEARNING HOME TASK (SLHT)

Subject Science Grade 9 Level 9 Quarter 2 Week 3

MELC explain how ions are formed Competency Code: S9MT-IIe-f-16

Name __________________________ Section ________ Date ________

School __________________________ District __________________________

A. Readings/Discussions

Formation of Ions

An atom that has become charged by gaining or losing

electrons is called an ion

When an atom loses or When an atom loses When an atom gains

gains electrons, the electrons, it forms electrons. it forms
number of electrons no a positive ion. a negative ion.
longer equals the number
of protons. It is therefore This is because there are This is because there
no longer electrically now more positively are now more
neutral – it is charged protons than negatively charged
now charged. negatively charged electrons than
electrons. positively charged
Atoms that form ions protons.
gain or lose the number A positive ion is also
of electrons that result in called a cation A negative ion is also
them have full valence called an anion.
shells

Types of Ions
 When an atom loses
electrons, it obtains a
An ion is a positive charge
Cations
positively or
negatively charged
atom or group of
atoms.
Types of
Ions

When an atom gains

electrons,
Anions it obtains a
negative charge

Look at the periodic table (PeriodicTable) below. It summarizes the typical

charges of cations and anions.

IA Anions
Cations
  IIA IIIA IVA VA VIA VIIA VIIIA

Li+ Be+2     N-3 O-2 F-  

Na+ Mg+2 IIIB - IIB Al+3   P-3 S-2 Cl-  

As- Se-
K+ Ca+2     Ga+3   3 2
Br-  
-
Te
Rb+ Sr+2     In+3     2
I-  

Cs+ Ba+2     Tl+3       At-  

Fr+ Ra+2                

B. Exercises

Exercise 1. Types of Ions

Directions: Predict what ion (positive, cation or negative, anion) each of the following
 could form. Write your answer inside the cloud shape.

Example: As answer anion

Exercise 2. Table Completion

Directions: Complete the table below by writing the needed informations in a separate
sheet of paper.
Group Metal Non
C. Assessment/Application/Outputs Charge
(Please Behavior
refer to DepEd Type
Order No. 31,ofs Formula
no. metal ion
Elements (Lose/Gain
A. Directions: Write only the letter of the correct answers in a separate sheet of paper.
)
Example:
1. A. What type of element will form a cation? +2
a. Metal2 / b. non metal +2 lose
c. ion cation
d. noble gas Mg
Mg2. Which is the correct formula for a sulfate ion?
O a. SO4-2 b. SO4- c. SO3-2 d. SO3-
F 3. When does an atom become an ion?
Al a. When an atom loses electrons.
Ca b. When an atom gains electrons
I c. When the number of electrons in an atom are not equal
Na d. All of the above
K 4. How is the positive ion called?
S a. anion b. cation c. atom d. iodide
P 5. Chlorine atom needs one more electron to become octet. When it does gain one
Cl electron, what type of ion it forms?
a. anion b. cation c. iodide d. atom
6. Aluminum is a cation, it has a charge of +3. What does this mean?
a. It loses 3 electrons
b. it has more protons in a neutral atom
 c. it has more electrons a neutral atom
d. it becomes an anion.
7. Sodium ion has a charge of -1. It a cation. In what group number does it belong?
a. Group IVA b. Group IIIA c. Group IIA d. Group IA
8. Which group of metallic elements in the periodic table will donate two of its valence
electrons?
a. Group IVA b. Group IIIA c. Group IIA d. Group IA
+2
9. What is the name of a metal cation Ca ?
a. calcium atom b. calcium metal c. calcium ion d. calcium element
10. Fluorine is a non - metal. It will gain one electron to become octet. What type of ion
will it form?
a. cation b. an ion c. anion d. atom
B. Answer briefly the questions below:

1. Why do atoms lose or gain electrons?

_______________________________________________________
2. How are ions formed?
___________________________________________________
3. What happens to an atom if it loses electron? Gains electron?
____________________________________________________
4. Differentiate cation from anion
____________________________________________________
5. What groups of element lose electrons? Gains electrons?
__________________________________________

C. Directions: Put a / if the statement is correct and an X if it is wrong.

_____ 1. An ion is a charged atom.

_____ 2. An atom becomes ” charged” if has unequal number of protons and
electrons.
_____ 3. Groups IA, IIA and IIIA elements are non metals.
_____ 4. Metallic elements need to gain electrons to become octet.
_____ 5. A non- metallic elements need to lose electrons to have a full valence
shell.
_____ 6. A positively charged atom is known anion.
_____ 7. When an atom loses electrons, it becomes charged ion.
_____ 8. A negative ion is called cation
_____ 8. An ion is formed when an atom loses or gains electrons.
_____ 9. A potassium ion has one more proton in an atom.
_____10. The behavior lose and gain in an atom is needed for an atom to become
stable.

D. Suggested Enrichment/Reinforcement Activity/ies

What you need:

 Periodic table chart
Construction paper and a pair of scissors
Paste
What you have to do
1. Cut out a square shaped construction paper equal to the same member of
elements per group found in the periodic table of elements chart.
2. Write the symbol of the elements with its charged (+ or -) Use these color
( IA pink, IIA yellow, IIIA red, IVA green, VA blue, VIA violet and VIIA black )
3.. Make a pocket chart of all the cut outs (ions) per grouped using a short sized
bondpaper or any available art paper.
Example: Group VIIA

F-
Cl-
Br-
I-

At-

Rubrics for scoring

Criteria 5 4 3 2 1 Rating
Organization Complete Lacks one Lacks 2 Lacks 3 Lacks 4
/Completeness group of groups of groups of groups of
element elements elements elements
of
elements
Content Ideas are 80% 70% 60% 50%
clearly clarity of clarity of clarity of clarity of
presented ideas ideas ideas ideas
Creativity/ Original 80% 60% 40% 20%
Resourcefulnes original original original copied
s

References:

Printed Materials:

Soriano, E.F., Santiseban, C.J., Elauria, E.R. (2002) CHEMISRTY for the New
Millennium, Adriana Publishing Co., Inc. City Quezon, Philippines
Website

1.https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/College_of_Marin/CHEM_114%3A_Introducto
ry_Chemistry/04%3A_Atoms_and_Elements/4.07%3A_Ions-
Losing_and_Gaining_Electrons
2. https://www.thoughtco.com/octet-rule-explanation-in-chemistry-606457
3. https://www.goodscience.com.au/year-9-chemistry/formation-of-ions-and-ionic-
compounds/

Prepared by: MERLINDA A. LORENZANA

Edited by:

Reviewed by:

JUVIMAR E. MONTOLO
Education Program Supervisor-Science

GUIDE

For the Teacher

Advise the students to read the Reading and Discussion portion before they
attempt to answer the practice exercises. Let the learners go through the parts
sequentially to help them understand the topic easily. The Key Answers are for
you to refer during the checking. Don’t include it in the printing.

For the Learner:

Read thoroughly and understand the Self-Learning Home Task from the first
part to the last part. By doing so, will help you understand better the topic. If
you still have enough time, do it twice for more understanding. You can use a
dictionary if you find it hard to comprehend the science terms. Use a separate
sheet for your answers.

For the Parent/Home Tutor:

 Assist your child and make sure that he/she reads the Self-Learning Home
Task from the beginning up to end, to ensure proper understanding of the
concepts. Don’t feed Element Group Metal Non Charg Behavior Type Formula
the answer to your s no. e of ion
metal (Lose/Gain
child. Let her/him do )
it of his own. Example
:
2 / +2 lose cation Mg+2
Mg
O 6 / -2 gain anion O-2
F 7 / -1 gain anion F-
Al 3 / +3 lose cation Al+3
Ca 2 / +2 lose cation Ca+2
I 7 / -1 gain anion I-
Na 1 / +1 lose cation Na+1
K 1 / +1 lose cation K+1
S 6 / -2 gain anion S-2
P 5 / -3 gain anion P-3
Cl 7 / -1 gain anion Cl-

Answer Key:

EXERCISES Exercise 2

Exercise 1 Assessment B
1. cation 6. Anion 11. anion

2. cation 7. Cation 12. false

3. cation 8. Cation 13. cation
4. anion 9. Anion 14. anion
5. anion 10. Anion 15. cation

Assessment A.

1. a 6. a

2. a 7. d

3. d 8. c

4. b 9. c

5. a 10. c

1. Atoms cannot simply gain or lose electrons to attain full valence shells. They can only form ions when they
combine with other atoms that can donate or accept electrons.

2.When atoms gain or lose electrons, they form ions, which are charged particles due to the uneven numbers
 Enrichment activity

Assessment C.

1. / 6. X

2. / 7. /

3. X 8. X

4. X 9. /

5. X 10. /