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Simple Vertical Boiler

The simple vertical boiler is the simplest type of fire tube boiler. It produces a small amount of steam, around 10 bar of pressure, and is used for low power applications like small power plants. It has a vertical cylindrical shell containing water that surrounds the furnace. Fuel is burned in the furnace, heating the water and producing steam. The steam rises through tubes to the top of the shell and is used for power generation. Simple vertical boilers have low costs, maintenance needs, and space requirements making them suitable for applications like locomotives, vehicles, and small marine vessels.

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Dr. BIBIN CHIDAMBARANATHAN
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3K views25 pages

Simple Vertical Boiler

The simple vertical boiler is the simplest type of fire tube boiler. It produces a small amount of steam, around 10 bar of pressure, and is used for low power applications like small power plants. It has a vertical cylindrical shell containing water that surrounds the furnace. Fuel is burned in the furnace, heating the water and producing steam. The steam rises through tubes to the top of the shell and is used for power generation. Simple vertical boilers have low costs, maintenance needs, and space requirements making them suitable for applications like locomotives, vehicles, and small marine vessels.

Uploaded by

Dr. BIBIN CHIDAMBARANATHAN
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SIMPLE VERTICAL

BOILER

BIBIN CHIDAMBARANATHAN
SIMPLE VERTICAL BOILER
❖ This is simplest type of a fire tube boiler.

❖ A simple vertical boiler produces small quantity of steam.

❖ Simple Vertical Boiler generally produces an around 10 bar

of pressure.

❖ The produced steam in simple vertical boiler is used for

low working conditions like in small power plants

generating the current.


SIMPLE VERTICAL BOILER
Construction:
❖ Such boilers have steam generation capacity up to 1000 kg
per hour
❖ Maximum steam pressure up to 10 bar.
❖ Size of the boiler ranges from 0.6 m diameter to 2 m
diameter
❖ height from 1.2 m to 4 m high.
❖ The working pressure of the simple vertical boiler does not
exceed 70 N/cm2.
❖ Total heating surface area is about 7–10 times grate area.
❖ Boiler efficiency is nearly 50%.
SIMPLE VERTICAL BOILER
Cylindrical shell:
❖ The shell is vertical and it attached to the bottom of

the furnace.

❖ Greater portion of the shell is full of water which

surrounds the furnace also.

❖ Remaining portion is steam space. The shell may be

of about 1.25 metres diameter and 2.0 metres height.


SIMPLE VERTICAL BOILER

Water space and steam space:


❖ Volume of the shell that is occupied by the water is

termed as water space while the entire shell volume

less the water and tubes is called steam space


SIMPLE VERTICAL BOILER
Safety Valve:
❖ The function of safely valve is to safeguard the boiler from

the danger of pressure higher than the safe working pressure.

❖ Every boiler has a safe working pressure designed by the

manufacturer and can be operated safely if it is operated within

this pressure limit.

❖ The designed pressure may be more than the safe working

pressure.
SIMPLE VERTICAL BOILER
Uptake:
❖ Vertical passage of tubular type called uptake is

provided over fire box for exhaust of flue gases.


SIMPLE VERTICAL BOILER

Chimney (or stack):


❖ The chimney (stack) passes flue gases from the top of

the firebox through the top of the shell.


SIMPLE VERTICAL BOILER
Steam Stop Valve:
❖ It is also known as junction valve.

❖ Steam stop valve is used to regulate the flow of steam from

one steam pipe to the other or from the boiler to the steam

pipe.

❖ The valve which is to regulate the steam from boiler to

steam pipe is known as junction valve


SIMPLE VERTICAL BOILER

Pressure (Bourdon) Gauge:


❖ The function of the pressure gauge is to measure the

pressure of steam inside the boiler.

❖ The gauge is usually mounted on the front top of the shell or

drum such that it should be clearly visible to the operator.


SIMPLE VERTICAL BOILER
Manhole:
❖ It is provided on the top of the shell to enable a man

to enter into it and inspect and repair the boiler from

inside it.

❖ It is also, meant for cleaning the interior of the boiler

shell and exterior of the combustion chamber and

stack (chimney).
SIMPLE VERTICAL BOILER
Water Level Indicator (water gauge):
❖ The function of a water level indicator is to indicate the

level of water in the boiler constantly.

❖ It helps the operator in keeping the level constant from

outside through a glass tube.

❖ In case of need, if the level falls down, water will be

pumped by the operator.


SIMPLE VERTICAL BOILER
Fusible Plug:
❖ The main purpose of a fusible plug is to extinguish the

fire in the furnace of the boiler when the water level in

the boiler falls below an unsafe level.

❖ Thus, explosion is avoided which may take place due to

overheating of the tubes and shell.

❖ It is generally fitted over the crown of the furnace or

over the combustion chamber.


SIMPLE VERTICAL BOILER

Hand holes:
These are provided in the shell opposite to the ends of each

cross tube for cleaning the cross tube.


SIMPLE VERTICAL BOILER

Fire door (fire hole):


Coal is fed to the grate through the fire door.
SIMPLE VERTICAL BOILER
Feed Check Valve:
❖ It is a one-way valve and is used to control the supply of

water to the boiler and also to prevent the escaping of

water from boiler due to high pressure inside.

❖ When the level of water falls down, additional water is

to be supplied by means of a centrifugal pump


SIMPLE VERTICAL BOILER

Ashpit:
It is provide for collecting the ash deposit, which can be

removed away at intervals.


SIMPLE VERTICAL BOILER

Grate:
❖ It is placed at the bottom of fire box and coal is fed on it

for burning.
SIMPLE VERTICAL BOILER

Furnace (or fire box):


❖ Combustion of coal takes place in the furnace (fire box).
SIMPLE VERTICAL BOILER

Cross tubes (box):


❖ One or more cross tubes are either riveted or flanged to

the furnace to increase the heating surface and to

improve the water circulation.


SIMPLE VERTICAL BOILER
Working:
❖ The fuel (coal) is fed into the grate through the fire hole
and is burnt. The ash pit placed below the grate collect
the ashes of the burning fuel.
❖ The combustion gas flows from the furnace, passes
around the cross tubes and escapes to the atmosphere
through the chimney.
❖ Water goes by natural circulation due to convection
currents, from the lower end of the cross tube and comes
out from the higher end.
SIMPLE VERTICAL BOILER
Advantages :
❖ The initial cost is low because of fewer parts.

❖ Maintenance cost is low.

❖ Working is simple.

❖ It is easy to install and replace.

❖ It occupies a small space on the ground.

❖ These type of boilers have water level tolerance.


SIMPLE VERTICAL BOILER
Disadvantages :
❖ The vertical design of this boiler limits its work in many
places.
❖ Steam production is limited because of the limited grate
area.
❖ The impurities settle at the bottom and thus prevents the
water from heating up.
❖ The boiler tube should be kept small to reduce height. As a
result, most of the available heat is lost through the
chimney, as the tubes have very little time to heat.
SIMPLE VERTICAL BOILER
Applications:
❖ Railway locomotives, for example, a railway steam
engine.
❖ Road vehicles such as steam wagons or steam lorry.
❖ Steam tractor.
❖ The steam boats is particularly small which uses
simple vertical boilers to power the engine.
❖ Vertical boilers are used in the steam donkey.
❖ Simple vertical boilers are also used in steam cranes
and steam shovels.
Thank You

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