LSI/CSI

UL
®
LSI Computer Systems, Inc. 1235 Walt Whitman Road, Melville, NY 11747
LS7260
LS7262
(631) 271-0400 FAX (631) 271-0405
A3800

BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR COMMUTATOR/CONTROLLER

October 2005
FEATURES:
• Direct drive of P-Channel and N-Channel FETs (LS7260) CONNECTION DIAGRAM - TOP VIEW
• Direct drive of PNP and NPN transistors (LS7262)
• Six outputs drive power switching bridge directly
CS1 1 20 CS2
• Open or closed loop motor speed control.

LSI
• +5V to +28V operation (Vss - VDD). OUT 1 2 19 FWD/REV

• Externally selectable input to output code for 60°, OUT 2 3 18 V DD (-V)

120°, 240°, or 300° electrical sensor spacing. OUT 3 4 17 S3
• Three or four phase operation COMMON 5 16 S2
• Analog Speed control
OUT 4 6 15 S1
• Direction control
• Output Enable control OUT 5 7 14 OSCILLATOR

• Positive Static Braking OUT 6 8 13 V TRIP

• Overcurrent Sensing BRAKE 9 12 OVERCURRENT SENSE
• LS7260, LS7262 (DIP); LS7260-S, LS7262-S (SOIC); ENABLE 10 V SS (+V)
11
LS7260-TS, LS7262-TS (TSSOP) - See Connection Diag.

DESCRIPTION:
The LS7260/LS7262 are MOS integrated circuits de- INPUT/OUTPUT DESCRIPTION:
signed to generate the signals necessary to control a COMMUTATION SELECTS (Pins 1, 20)
three phase or four phase brushless DC motor. They These inputs are used to select the proper sequence of outputs
are the basic building blocks of a brushless DC motor based on the electrical separation of the motor position sensors.
controller. The circuits respond to changes at the See Table 3. Note that in all cases the external output drivers
SENSE inputs, originating at the motor position sensors, are disabled for invalid SENSE input codes. Internal pull down
to provide electronic commutation of the motor wind- resistors are provided at Pins 1 and 20 causing a logic zero
ings. Pulse Width Modulation of outputs for motor speed when these pins are left open.
control is accomplished through either the ENABLE in-
put or through the Analog input (V TRIP) in conjunction FORWARD/REVERSE (Pin 19)
with the OSCILLATOR input. Overcurrent circuitry is This input is used to select the proper sequence of Outputs for
provided to protect the windings, associated drivers and the desired direction of rotation for the Motor (See Table 3). An
power supply. The overcurrent circuitry causes the ex- internal pull-up resistor holds the input high when left open.
ternal output drivers to switch off immediately upon
sensing the overcurrent condition and on again only SENSE INPUTS (Pins 15, 16, 17)
when the overcurrent condition disappears and the pos- These inputs provide control of the output commutation
itive edge of either the ENABLE input or the sawtooth sequence as shown in Table 3. S1, S2, S3 originate in the posi-
OSCILLATOR occurs. This limits the overcurrent sense tion sensors of the motor and must sequence in cycle code or-
cycling to the chopping rate of the ENABLE input or the der. Hall Switch pull-up resistors are provided at Pins 15, 16 and
sawtooth OSCILLATOR. 17. The positive supply of the Hall devices should be common
to the chip Vss.
A positive braking feature is provided to effect rapid de-
celeration. While the LS7262 is designed for driving BRAKE (Pin 9)
NPN and PNP transistors (See Fig. 2), the LS7260 is For the LS7262, a high level at this input unconditionally turns
designed to drive both NMOS and PMOS Power FETs Off Outputs 1, 2 and 3 and turns On Outputs 4, 5 and 6 (See
and develops a full 12V drive for both the N-Channel Fig. 2). For the LS7260, a high level at this input turns On Out-
and P-Channel devices (See Fig. 1) when using a 12V puts 1, 2 and 3 and Outputs 4, 5 and 6 (See Fig. 1). In both
power supply. cases, transistors Q101, Q102 and Q103 cut off and transistors
Q104, Q105 and Q106 turn on, shorting the windings together,
The BRAKE has priority over all other inputs.

7260-101705-1
 BRAKE (Pin 9) (Cont’d) The sawtooth waveform at the OSC input typically varies
An internal pull-down resistor holds the input low when left from 0.4Vss to Vss - 2V. The purpose of the VTRIP input in
open. (Center- tapped motor configuration requires a power conjunction with the OSCILLATOR is to provide variable
supply disconnect transistor controlled by the BRAKE signal speed adjustment for the motor by means of PWM for Vss
- See Figure 2A). greater than 7V. Below Vss = 7V, the IC may only be used
as a commutator (See Note).
ENABLE (Pin 10) Note: Below Vss = 7V, the OSC sawtooth amplitude is too
A high level at this input permits the output to sequence as small to allow proper operation of the PWM circuitry.
in Table 3, while a low disables all external output drivers.
An internal pull-up resistor holds the input high when left OSCILLATOR (Pin 14)
open. Positive edges at this input will reset the overcurrent An R and C connected to this input (see Figure 6) provide
flip-flop. the timing components for a sawtooth OSCILLATOR. The
signal generated is used in conjunction with VTRIP to pro-
OVERCURRENT SENSE (Pin 12) vide PWM for variable speed applications and to reset the
This input provides the user a way of protecting the motor overcurrent condition.
winding, drivers and power supply from an overload condi-
tion. The user provides a fractional-ohm resistor between OUTPUTS 1, 2, 3 (Pins 2, 3, 4)
the negative supply and the common emitters of the NPN For the LS7262, these open drain Outputs are enabled as
drivers or common sources of N-Channel FET drivers. This shown in Table 2 and provide base current to PNP tran-
point is connected to one end of a potentiometer (e.g. 100k sistors or gate drive to P-Channel FET drivers when COM-
ohms), the other end of which is connected to the positive MON is floating. If COMMON is held at Vss, these Outputs
supply. The wiper pickoff is adjusted so that all outputs are can provide drive to NPN transistors or N-Channel FET
disabled for currents greater than the limit. The action of the drivers. For the LS7260, these Outputs provide drive to
input is to disable all external output drivers. When BRAKE P-Channel FET drivers if COMMON is held at VSS.
exists, OVERCURRENT SENSE will be overridden. The
overcurrent circuitry latches the overcurrent condition. The OUTPUTS 4, 5, 6 (Pins 6, 7, 8)
latch may be reset by the positive edge of either the saw- These open drain Outputs are enabled as in Table 2 and
tooth OSCILLATOR or the ENABLE input. When using the provide base current to NPN transistors or gate drive to
ENABLE input as a chopped input, the OSC input should be N-Channel FET drivers.
held at VSS. When the ENABLE input is held high, the OSC-
must be used to reset the overcurrent latch. COMMON (Pin 5)
The COMMON may be connected to Vss when using a
VTRIP (Pin 13) center-tapped motor configuration or when using all NPN
This input is used in conjunction with the sawtooth OSC in- or N-Channel drivers. For the LS7260, the COMMON is
put. When the voltage level applied to VTRIP is more neg- tied to VSS.
ative than the waveform at the OSC input, the Outputs will
be enabled as shown in Table 3. When VTRIP is more pos- Vss, VDD (Pins 11, 18)
itive than the sawtooth OSCILLATOR waveform the external Supply voltage positive and negative terminals.
output drivers are disabled.

MAXIMUM RATINGS:

PARAMETER SYMBOL VALUE UNIT

DC Supply Voltage Vss - VDD +35 V
Any Input Voltage to Vss Vin -30 to +0.5 V
Storage Temperature TSTG -65 to +150 °C
Operating Temperature TA -40 to +125 °C

DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS:
(All Voltages Referenced to VDD, TA = 25°C unless otherwise specified)
SYMBOL MIN TYP MAX UNIT
Supply Voltage VSS 5 - 28 V
Supply Current (Outputs not loaded) IDD - 4.5 6 mA

Input Specifications:
BRAKE, ENABLE, CS1, CS2 RIN - 150 - kΩ
S1, S2, S3, FWD/REV
Voltage (Logic 1) VIH VSS - 1.5 - VSS V
(Logic 0) VIL 0 - VSS - 4.0 V
OVERCURRENT SENSE (See Note)
Threshold Voltage VTH (VSS/2) - 0.25 - (VSS/2) + 0.25 V

7260-072503-2
 Oscillator:
Frequency Range Fosc 0 1/RC 100 kHz
External Resistor Range Rosc 22 - 1000 kΩ

NOTE: Theoretical switching point of the OVERCURRENT SENSE input is one half of the power supply determined by an internal bias
network in manufacturing. Tolerances cause the switching point to vary plus or minus 0.25V. After manufacture, the switching point
remains fixed within 10mV over time and temperature. The input switching sensivity is a maximum of 50mV. There is no hysteresis on
the OVERCURRENT SENSE input.

TYPICAL CIRCUIT OPERATION:

The oscillator is used for motor speed control as explained For the LS7260, (See Fig. 1) the external drivers also
under VTRIP. Both upper and lower motor drive transistors are turn on in pairs. Internal operation is somewhat different
pulse width modulated (see Fig. 1 or 2) during speed control. than the LS7262. For example, external transistors Q101
For the LS7262, the outputs turn on in pairs (See Table 3). For and Q105 will turn on when internal transistor Q8 turns
example (see dotted line, Fig. 2): Q8 and Q4 are on, thus ena- off and Q4 turns on enabling full power supply drive on
bling a path from the positive supply through the emitter-base Q101 and Q105. Since Pin 5 is tied to VSS, the gate of P-
junction of Q101, Q8, Q4, R5, the base emitter junction of channel Driver Q101 is brought to ground by R1 and the
Q105 and the fractional-ohm resistor to ground. The current in Gate of N-Channel driver Q105 is brought to VSS by Q4.
the above described path is determined by the power supply Other external output pairs turn on similarly and the com-
voltage, the voltage drops across the base-emitter junctions of mutation sequence is identical to that of the LS7262
Q101 and Q105 (1.4V for single transistor or 2.8V for Darling- (Table 3). Table 2 indicates the minimum value of
ton pairs), the impedance of Q8 and Q4 and the value of R5. R1 (= R2 = R3 = R4 = R5 = R6) needed as a function of
Table 1 provides the recommended value for R5. R4 and R6 output drive voltage for Fig. 1.
are the same value.

TABLE 1 TABLE 2
OUTPUT CURRENT LIMITING RESISTOR SELECTION TABLE For Power Supply 5V - 28V
POWER OUTPUT CURRENT
SUPPLY R1 (k ohms) Output Voltage
(VOLTS) 20 15 10 7.5 5 2.5 mA
10 Vss - 0.5
6 ** ** ** ** ** .24 4.0 Vss - 1.0
9 ** ** ** .43 .86 2.2 1.5 Vss - 2.0
12 .20 .33 .62 .91 1.5 3.3
15 .36 .56 .91 1.3 2.2 4.3 Resistance
18 * .75 1.2 1.6 2.7 5.1 (kΩ)
21 * * 1.5 2.0 3.3 6.2
24 * * 1.8 2.3 3.6 7.5
28 * * * 2.7 4.3 9.1

*causes excessive power dissipation

**exceeds max current possible for this voltage
TABLE 3. OUTPUT COMMUTATION SEQUENCE FOR THREE PHASE OPERATION

SEQUENCE SELECT CS1 CS2 CS1 CS2 CS1 CS2 CS1 CS2 FWD/REV = 1 FWD/REV = 0
0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1
ELECTRICAL SEPARATION (- 60°-) (- 120°-) (- 240°-) (- 300°-) OUTPUTS * DRIVERS * OUTPUTS * DRIVERS *
SENSE INPUTS S1 S2 S3 S1 S2 S3 S1 S2 S3 S1 S2 S3 ENABLED A B C ENABLED A B C
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 O1, O5 + - Off O2, O4 - + Off
1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 O3, O5 Off - + O2, O6 Off + -
1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 O3, O4 - Off + O1, O6 + Off -
* See Figures 1 and 2. 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 O2, O4 - + Off O1, O5 + - Off
For the LS7260, 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 O2, O6 Off + - O3, O5 Off - +
Outputs O1,O2,O3 are 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 O1, O6 + Off - O3, O4 - Off +
the logical inversions of
the corresponding Out- 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 ALL DISABLED ALL DISABLED
puts of the LS7262. 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 ALL DISABLED ALL DISABLED

The OVERCURRENT input (BRAKE low) enables external output drivers in normal sequence when more negative than Vss/2 and disables
all external output drivers when more positive than Vss/2. The OVERCURRENT is sensed continuously, and sets a flip flop which is reset
by the rising edge of the ENABLE input or the sawtooth OSCILLATOR. (See description under OVERCURRENT SENSE.)

The VTRIP Input (BRAKE low) enables the outputs in normal sequence when more negative than the OSC input and disables all outputs
when more positive than the OSC input. The VTRIP input may be disabled by connecting it to VDD and the OSC input to VSS.
(See description under VTRIP)

7260-012703-3
 Vss

P P P
O1 Q101 Q102 Q103
2
R1
O2
3
R2
R3
O3
4

M
Q8 Q7 Q6 L3 O
Output
5 L1 L2 T
Encoder A B C O
Q5 Q4 Q3 R
O6
8
O5
7 N N
N
Vss O4 Q104 Q105 Q106
6
12
R4 R5 R6

TO Fractional
OVERCURRENT Ohm
ADJUSTMENT Resistor

FIGURE 1. LS7260 THREE PHASE OUTPUT DRIVER CIRCUITRY

Vss
Direction of Current Flow

11

R2 R3
R1
BRAKE 2 O1 Q101 Q102 Q103
O2
3
O3
4

M
Q8 Q7 Q6 L3 O
Output T
Encoder 5 L1 L2
A B C O
R
Q5 Q4 Q3 R6
O6
8
O5 R5
7
Vss O4 R4
6 Q104 Q105 Q106

12
R7 R8 R9

TO OVERCURRENT
ADJUSTMENT
Fractional
Ohm
Resistor

FIGURE 2. LS7262 THREE PHASE OUTPUT DRIVER CIRCUITRY

7260-012703-4
 6
O4

BRAKE
BRAKE 9
INPUT FIGURE 2A.
SINGLE-ENDED
7 DRIVER CIRCUIT
O5

LS7262 This configuration requires only

one base current limiting resistor
connected from the COMMON
5 Vss pin to Vss.
COMMON
MOTOR
O6 8 SUPPLY

19
F/R
FORWARD
LS7260
IN914 or
LS7262

10
REVERSE ENABLE
IN914
Inputs from SG1731
or UC1637 2.2K

FIGURE 3. PRECISION CONTROL BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR DRIVE

For controlled acceleration and deceleration of motors in the forward input directly to Pin 19, the motor can only
the forward or reverse directions, a motor control pulse operate in the forward direction when the forward input is
width modulator circuit such as the SG1731 or UC1637 high and only in the reverse direction when the reverse
can be interfaced with the LS7260 or LS7262. input is high. Motor direction is determined by relative
pulse widths of the forward and reverse inputs while ac-
The logical OR gate made up of the resistor-diode net- celeration or deceleration is determined by variations of
work permits the LS7260 or LS7262 to be enabled when these widths.
either the forward or reverse input is high. By applying

TABLE 4. OUTPUT COMMUTATION SEQUENCE FOR FOUR PHASE OPERATION

CS1 = CS2 = 0 OUTPUTS ENABLED

S1 S2,S3 FWD/REV = 1 FWD/REV = 0

0 0 O1 O4
1 0 O3 O6
1 1 O4 O1
0 1 O6 O3

For four phase commutation (See Fig. 4), the COMMUTA- connected to Vss. The sensors have an electrical separa-
TION SELECT inputs must both be tied low. The S1 input tion of 90°. Figure 4A indicates the use of Bipolar Tran-
is driven from one motor position sensor while the S2 and sistors. Figure 4B indicates the use of FETs. In both
S3 inputs are connected together and driven by the cases, the LS7262 is used.
second position sensor. The COMMON input must be
7260-012703-5
 FIGURE 4. FOUR PHASE OUTPUT DRIVER CIRCUITRY
FIGURE 4A FIGURE 4B
MOTOR SUPPLY MOTOR SUPPLY

5 5
Vss COMMON Vss
COMMON L1
9 9
BRAKE INPUT BRAKE
L1
2
O1
2
O1

L2
L2

4
O3
O3 4

LS7262
LS7262 L3
L3 BRAKE
BRAKE
6
O4 6
O4

L4
8 L4
O6
8
O6
12
OVERCURRENT OVERCURRENT 12
SENSE SENSE
Vss
Vss

Vss
FIGURE 5
FROM MOTOR R1
CLOSED-LOOP SPEED CONTROLLER
POSITION
15
SENSOR S1 A closed loop system can be configured by differentiating
Vss one of the motor position sense inputs and integrating only
the negative pulses to form a DC voltage that is applied to
the inverting input of an op-amp. The non-inverting input
R3 R2 voltage is adjusted with a potentiometer until the resultant
D1 voltage at VTRIP causes the motor to run at desired speed.
C1 LS7260 The R2-C1 differentiator, the R3-D1 negative pulse trans-
or mitter and the R4-C2 integrator form a frequency to voltage
R4 C3 LS7262 converter. An increase in motor speed above the desired
R5 R6 speed causes VTRIP to increase which lowers the PWM
and the resultant motor speed. A decrease in speed lowers
13 VTRIP and raises the PWM and the resultant motor speed.
C2 -
+ V TRIP For proper operation, both R5 and R6 should be greater
than R4, and R4 in turn should be greater than both R2 and
R3. Also, the R4-C2 time constant should be greater than
Vss the R2-C1 time constant. C3 may be added across R6 for
additional VTRIP smoothing.
Vss C4
14
OSCILLATOR

R7 R8 The information included herein is believed to be

accurate and reliable. However, LSI Computer Systems,
Inc. assumes no responsibilities for inaccuracies, nor for
any infringements of patent rights of others which may
result from its use.

7260-012703-6
 CS1 1 COMMUTATION
4
SEQUENCE
COMMON
CS2 20 SELECT LOGIC
5
8
+V
INPUT
DECODER 2 O1

FWD/REV 19 6 3 O2
OUTPUT
DRIVERS
S1 15 4 O3

S2 16 6 O4
OUTPUT
S3 17 ENCODER
7 O5

BRAKE 9
8 O6
+V

R POSITIVE
ENABLE 10 EDGE R Q
DETECTOR

R +
OVERCURRENT 12
S
- POSITIVE EDGE
SENSE
DETECTOR
V TRIP 13 -
+V + +V 11 V SS

0.001µF
GND 18 V DD
14 SAWTOOTH
OSCILLATOR
33k
NOTE : With indicated components,
oscillator frequency is approximately 30kHz.

FIGURE 6. LS7260 AND LS7262 BLOCK DIAGRAM

7260-101705-7