House Plumbing 1: Drainage, Waste and Vent System
House Plumbing 1: Drainage, Waste and Vent System
House Plumbing 1: Drainage, Waste and Vent System
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GRAY WATER
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Terms and Definitions in the DWV System:
• Building Drain – is that part of the lowest horizontal
piping of a drainage system which receives the discharge
from soil, waste & other drainage pipes inside the walls of
the building & conveys it to the building sewer beginning
600 mm outside the building wall. It is also known as
House Drain.
• Building Sewer – is that part of the horizontal piping of a
drainage system which starts from the end of the building
drain & receives the discharge of the building drain &
conveys it to the public sewer, private sewer, individual
sewage disposal system or other point of disposal.
• House Sewer – is that part of a plumbing system
extending from the house drain at a point 600 mm from
the outside face of the foundation wall of a building to the
conjunction with the street sewer or to any point of
discharge, and conveying the drainage of one building site.
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• Waste pipe – a pipe which conveys only wastewater or liquid waste, free of
fecal matter.
• Soil pipe – any pipe which conveys the discharge of water closet, urinal or
fixtures having similar functions, with or without the discharges from other
fixtures to the building drain or building sewer.
• Soil Stack pipe – A vertical soil pipe conveying fecal matter and wastewater.
• Vent pipe – a pipe or opening used for ensuring the circulation of air in a
plumbing system and for relieving the negative pressure exerted on trap
seals.
• Vent Stack – the vertical vent pipe installed primarily for providing
circulation of air to and from any part of the soil, waste of the drainage
system.
• Stack Vent – the extension of a soil or waste stack above the highest
horizontal drain connected to the stack.
• Stack Vent Through Roof (SVTR) – the uppermost end of the stack vent
above the roof.
• Branch Vent – a horizontal vent connecting one or more individual vertical
back vents with the vent stack or stack vent.
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TRAPS permit
waste & wastewater VENTS protect the water
to enter the seals in traps and permit them
drainage system & to operate effectively. By
prevent any sewer admitting air to the system,
gases from entering vents permit atmospheric
the house. The pressure on both sides of the
water seal utilizes a trap seal to be maintained,
portion of the and permit air to enter at the
wastewater to act as same time as gases escape the
a barrier. drainage system.
Cleanout
Individual Vent
or Back Vent
Wall Cleanout
Lavatory
Water Waste Pipe
600 mm from Closet
foundation wall
Auxiliary
Floor Drain Shower Floor Drain
Floor
Cleanout House Drain
or Building
Drain
Digestive
Chamber
Holding
Chamber
The DWV SYSTEM
To point of Disposal Septic Tank
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GENERAL Each plumbing fixture trap shall be
REQUIREMENTS provided with vent pipes
FOR A PROPERLY
DESIGNED
DRAINAGE
SYSTEM
Each plumbing fixture, except those with
All horizontal piping shall be integral traps, shall be separately trapped by
supported & anchored at an approved type watersealed trap.
intervals not to exceed 3
meters.
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DRAINAGE TRAPS
What is a Drain?
• A Drain is a pipe, which carries ground and surface
waters, storm water or wastewater into a building
drainage system.
• The common types of drains are the floor drains and
the roof drains.
What is a Trap?
• A Trap is a fitting or device designed and constructed to provide,
when properly vented, a liquid seal which prevents the backflow of
foul air or methane gas without materially affecting the flow of
sewage or wastewater through it.
• The types of water sealed traps are:
1. P-trap – is the most widely used for fixtures
2. Drum trap – is used mostly for bathtubs. It has the advantage of
containing a larger volume of water & discharging a greater volume of
water than a P-trap.
3. Grease Interceptor / Grease Trap – Grease interceptor is an
interceptor of at least 3 cubic meter capacity to serve one or more fixtures
and which is remotely located. Grease trap is a device designed to retain
grease from one to a maximum of four fixtures.
4. House Trap/Running trap – a device installed to prevent circulation of
air between the drainage of the building and the building sewer.
Types of Waterseal Traps:
Crown Weir – the highest
point of the bottom of the
internal surface of the trap
51 – 102 mm
STACK VENT
YOKE VENT - A pipe connecting upward
from a soil or waste stack below the floor
and below horizontal connection to an
adjacent vent stack at a point above the
floor and higher than highest spill level of
fixtures for preventing pressure changes
in the stacks.
Vents and Venting: VENT TERMINATION
300 mm
(minimum)
906.1 Each vent pipe or stack through roof
(SVTR) shall extend its flashing all around and
150 mm the stack vent shall terminate vertically not less
(minimum) than 15 cm above the roof nor less than 0.3
meter from any vertical surface nearby.
3000 mm
900 mm
300 mm
300 mm 150 mm
900 mm
150 mm