PROJECT REPORT

ON

E-FLEET MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

NAME OF ORGANIZATION

HINDUSTAN COMPUTER LIMITED CAREER

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE(HCLCDC) LUDHIANA

RESEARCH SUPERVISOR

MR. PUNEET SHARMA

SUBMITTED BY :- SUNPREET SINGH

ROLL NO :- 7114211574

SUBMITTED TO :- LOVELY INSTITUTE OF

MANAGEMENT, (PHAGWARA)
JALANDHAR.
 INDEX

Introduction
• Dot Net
• Ado.net

Hardware Software Requirements

System Development Life Cycle

Project Introduction

System study And Problem Formulation

Architect Formulation

Benefits

Structure Analysis and Design

Context- Diagram

Detailed Design
 INTRODUCTION TO DOT NET

.NET technology was introduced by Microsoft, to catch the market

from the SUN's Java. Few years back, Microsoft had only VC++
and VB to compete with Java, but Java was catching the market
very fast. With the world depending more and more the
Internet/Web and java related tools becoming the best choice for
the web applications, Microsoft seemed to be loosing the battle.
Thousands of programmers moved to java from VC++ and VB.
This was alarming for Microsoft and many of the Microsoft fan's
kept on asking "is Microsoft sleeping?". And Microsoft had the
answer. One fine morning, they announced : "We are not
sleeping. We have the answer for you.". And that answer was
.NET.

But Microsoft has a wonderful history of starting late but

catching up quickly. This is true in case of .NET too. Microsoft put
their best men at work for a secret project called Next Generation
Windows Services (NGWS)., under the direct supervision of Mr.
Bill Gates. The outcome of the project is what we now know as
.NET. Even though .NET has borrowed most of it's ideas from
Sun's J2EE, it has really outperformed their competitors.

Microsoft recognised these factors and they introducd the

.NET considering all these factors. All unwanted complexities are
eliminated and a pure object oriented programming model was
introduced. This makes programmer's life very easy.

.NET framework comes with a single class library. And thats

all programmers need to learn!! Whether they write the code in
C# or VB.NET or J#, it doesn't matter, you just use the .NET class
library. There is no classes specific to any language. There is
nothing more you can do in a language, which you can't do in any
other .NET language. You can write code in C# or VB.NET with
the same number of lines of code, same performance and same
efficiency, because eveyone uses same .NET class library.

What is .NET ?

(i) It is a platform neutral framework.

(ii) Is a layer between the operating system and the
programming
language.
(iii) It supports many programming languages, including VB.NET,
C# etc.
(iv) .NET provides a common set of class libraries, which can be
accessed from any .net based programming language.
(v) .NET is a framework.
 INTRODUCTION TO ADO.NET
ADO.NET is also a part of the .NET Framework. ADO.NET is used
to handle data access. With ADO.NET you can work with
databases.

• ADO.NET Data service framework provides an API that

allows data to be created and consumed over HTTP using
Restful service.
• ADO.NET Data service supports all databases operations
using URI.
• ADO.NET Data service can expose an entity model via an
URI.
• ADO.NET Data service is Restful service to support CRUD
operations on database.
• ADO.Net Data service could be consumed by any type of
client like Windows, Silverlight, Web , AJAX and console.

Ado.net includes common classes for representing in-memory

data such as DataSet, DataTable, DataView. It may include
schema and constraints and designed to work with .NET XML
classes. It helps great for caching or transporting data and
 able to track state changes . Typed DataSets may be auto-
generated

What is ADO.NET?

• ADO.NET is a part of the .NET Framework

• ADO.NET consists of a set of classes used to handle data
access
• ADO.NET is entirely based on XML
• ADO.NET has, unlike ADO, no Recordset object

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

 Intel Pentium 1.6 GHz Processor or Higher

 1 GB RAM

 2.2 GB Hard Disk

 32 or 64 bit video card

 DVD Rom Drive

 Colored Monitor

 Keyboard

 Optical Mouse

 MDT(Mobile Data Terminal) model ipilot8000

 PDA

 Mobile Assets

 GPS model Street Pilot 7200

 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT

 Windows 2000 Professional/XP/Vista/Win 7/Server OS

 Microsoft Visual Studio 2008

 Internet Explorer / Mozilla Firefox / Google Chrome /

Safari

 GPS, GPRS and WiFi software

 PDA application software

 MS-Office 2003 onwards

 Flash Plug-in
SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE

Just like a living system or a new product, software packages

are also conceived, designed and implemented using a
systematic development process in which end user and
information specialist design a system on an analysis of the
information requirement of an organization or an individual. Also
every project has a set of roles that include: project manager,
database designer, programmer, system administrator. On a very
small project like that of ours, all of these roles may fall on
individual shoulders. But it is important to note here that to
develop the successful software in the world where sad reality of
applications/packages is that the failure rate is surprisingly high
one, it should be clear enough what is the basic concept of the
application, user need’s, data and process requirements. If one
religiously follows these suggestions the success rate of new
application to go into production will surely be very high. In an
ideal world, the steps for developing a new application or
package are combined under heading System Development Life
Cycle or more commonly SDLC. SDLC involves the following five
important steps:
 RECOGNITION OF NEEDS
 FEASIBILITY STUDY
 ANALYSIS
 DESIGN
 IMPLEMENTATION
 POST-IMPLEMENTATION

These phases may differ in an order in which they are

performed for different models but their basic working criteria
always remain same. The main reason for having phased process
is that it breaks the problem of developing software successfully
performing set of phases, each handling a different concern of
software development. This ensures that the cost of software is
less than what it would have been had the problem been tackled
altogether. Moreover, a phased process allows proper checking
for quality and progress at some defined points during the
development (end of phases). Without this, one would have to
wait until the end to see what software has been produced.
Clearly, this will not work for larger systems. Hence for managing
the complexity, project tracking and quality, all the development
processes consist of step of phases.
The analyst must progress from one stage to another
methodically, answering key questions and achieving results in
each stage. We isolate and sequence these activities but in
actual practice they overlap each other and are highly
interrelated. The system analyst gives a system development
project a meaning and direction. A candidate system is
approached after the analyst has a thorough understanding of
users needs and problems and then communicates the problem
the solution through the installation of the candidate system.

PROJECT INTRODUCTION

Organizations managing and running fleets usually operate on

razor thin margins. Profits are heavily dependent on optimization
methodologies. The recession has further depleted the purses of
fleet companies, resulting in reduced scale of operations, lower
profits and inconsistencies and inefficiencies in processes.

Visibility is the key to fleet optimization and can be achieved by a

robust fleet management system. Health and safety of mobile
resources has become even more important to maximize
"availability" of resources and keep the total cost of ownership
(TCO) of mobile assets as low as possible. Some of the key
challenges that fleet operators are grappling with today include:
• Visibility into locations of mobile assets
 • Optimal dispatch of ad hoc jobs or orders to vehicles in real
time
• Real-time tracking of jobs and forecasting fulfillment
• Fleet optimization to control spiraling fleet running costs
• Managing health, maintenance and safety of mobile
resources

A comprehensive fleet management system is one that

addresses these major challenges and at the same time, requires
as little manual interference as possible.

A challenge that usually arises at this step is in the selection of

the right vendor to provide a complete integrated solution
consisting of both hardware and software. Often customers have
to reach out to multiple service providers for the various
hardware and software components of the solution as there are
very few vendors who offer the complete integrated solution as a
package. In such cases, companies would need to deal with
multiple parties for component integration problems, data
inconsistencies and later on, service related problems.
SYSTEM STUDY AND PROBLEM FORMULATION

A holistic e-fleet management system is a Web-based fleet

management system that can "virtualize your fleet." It is an end-
to end solution comprising both hardware and software for fleet
owners and operators to possess a virtual remote-control visibility
and security blanket in real-time over mobile resources.

The solution can be conceptualized with the following elements in

mind:
Hardware
Mobile Data Terminals (MDTs) installed on vehicles serving as
communication interfaces and also as application interfaces
between users and drivers.

Software
Web portal: a PC based central application console with
connectivity to the MDTs on the vehicles and used by Logistic
Officers to obtain global views and job allocations to the fleet.

Application software for the PDAs used to capture the

signature of the customer and report job completion.
The hardware aspect of the solution involves the design and
development of mobile data terminals that are installed in
vehicles. This can be manufactured as per specifications with the
following features:

• Product customization to meet SAE1113 and SAE1455, ISO

standards, CISPR standards
• User interface customization: language settings for different
countries
• Communication media customization to either 3G-GSM or
CDMA

The MDTs have been conceptualized to support state of the art

features such as:
• Tracking the real time position of the vehicle
• Accepting/rejecting/confirming completion of assigned jobs
• Transmitting load data from cargo hold to the ERP
• Monitoring vehicle parameters and relaying fleet telemetry
data to the ERP
 • Two-way voice and data communication

The MDT products are installed with high-end processors and

equipped with application software that would communicate with
the backend ERP via wireless LAN, 3G GSM, GPS and Bluetooth
technologies. Load cells are installed in all vehicles for accurate
assessment of cargo loads for revenue invoicing to the customer.
A PDA-based signature capture system is also developed to
capture customer signatures and report job-completion instantly.
Other hardware features and interfaces include onboard
memory, power management, enclosure made of polycarbonate
material, wired communication, wireless communication (3G-
GSM/WiFi/GPS/Bluetooth), external memory and audio interface.
Any of these interfaces can be used for peripheral connectivity
such as printers, card readers and camera.

ARCHITECT PHASE:
The software consists of a Web-based portal that functions as the
central console for logistics officers to operate their fleet from.
This central console enables tracking, monitoring, controlling and
communication with on-the-move vehicles and drivers in real-
time.
Some of the key features and modules include the following :

Automatic/Manual Job Dispatch and Real-time Tracking

This module enables dispatches of jobs/orders to vehicles,
preferably by bundling, with the objective of maximizing capacity
utilization and reducing empty runs. The tool includes a system
performed automatic rules-based job-dispatch module along with
a manual job-dispatch module for exceptions when the system is
to be overridden. The "manual job dispatch" function enables a
logistics officer or other personnel to manually assign a job/order
to a vehicle while obtaining help from the system about specific
situational status of any vehicle that is out on the field. The
"automatic job dispatch" function, on the other hand, is
completely system performed and the job/order is dispatched to
the most appropriate vehicle while considering combinations of
the various optimization parameters.

The "job tracking" feature allows for the tracking of a job/order

using multiple parameters such as order id, release id, customer
name/id, vehicle id and period. Enabling tracking through these
multiple parameters provides a facility to implement layers of
data abstraction across the organization as per the user
requirements. Information displayed is customized and displayed
as per the access rules/rights of users.

The clear benefits of this module are improved capacity

utilization through bundling, improved vehicle utilization through
reduced empty runs and reduced fleet operating costs through
continuous moves of fleet. Other benefits also include real-time
cost analysis depiction and reduction in the number of job-
dispatch staff to a minimal.

Vehicle Status:
This module involves two different functionalities: Vehicle
monitoring and location tracking.
 Vehicle monitoring is enabled through GPS technology that
monitors parameters of a moving vehicle and transmits it back to
base in real-time. Details such as vehicle parameters and engine
parameters are relayed back to the base in real-time allowing for
the monitoring of actual against standards. This feature provides
situational insight into the performance and condition of vehicular
components and also the cargo-hold parameters such as
container temperature, load, etc.
Location tracking is also a functionality enabled through GPS
technology that allows for the tracking of a vehicle in real-time
through the visual display on a map.
All details of the job/order are displayed alongside the map
revealing the exact latitude and longitude of the vehicle and the
comparison of the planned route and the actual route taken.

Over-the-Air Security:
Over-the-air (OTA) Security is one the most recent developments
and is enabled using GIS/GPS technology and automotive
engineering expertise. This functionality enables the control of
any vehicle from the base location by a logistics officer. Certain
functionalities that are implemented are "vehicle speed control,"
for controlling the speed of a vehicle remotely in cases of driver
exceeding speed limits/restrictions; "cargo security," for securing
or releasing the cargo hold after loading or at a client location to
unload; "freeze," for forcibly preventing a vehicle from moving by
locking the vehicle's brakes or by killing its engine in cases of
theft or hijack.
Geo Fencing:
Geo-fencing is an interesting feature that allows for the physical
demarcation of boundaries and restricted zones through the
corresponding virtual drawing of boundaries on maps. This
feature can be used to prevent a particular vehicle or all vehicles
from entering a designated region surrounded by a boundary on
the map. This feature can be used in another way to control
vehicles so that they move only by a certain route. The
technology used is GPS but can be also done with RFID
technology. Thus, a vehicle may be prevented from entering the
city area during particular times of the day, or a driver may be
forced to follow a certain route that avoids tolls by virtually
demarcating restricted zones on the maps that act as physical
boundaries for vehicles and drivers in reality.

Predictive Maintenance:
The feature provides predictability into parts failure based on the
data captured about each monitored vehicle component through
vehicle while a vehicle is mobile. The functionality provided
enables optimized scheduling, monitoring and management of all
repair/maintenance related activities on components and helps
reduce TCO of mobile assets and maximizes availability of
components and, thus, vehicles and other mobile assets.
Predictive maintenance also helps reduce costs through the
efficient consideration of warranty periods for components repair
and replacement, helps maintain an optimal inventory level of
spare parts, reduces maintenance costs on mobile assets, and
extends life-cycle of components.

Two-way Communication:
This is a feature that is integrated across a few of the above
described functionalities. It provides functionality for two-way
real-time communication between base and the Logistics Control
Center and the drivers of the fleet that is out on the field.
Commands and messages can be sent by logistics personnel to
drivers in vehicles which are received either as voice or text. If it
is received as text, it is then converted to voice using text-to-
voice software. Similarly drivers can communicate with the
Logistics center by voice, which is transmitted as voice signals as
well as converted to text by an on-board voice-to-text converter
and relayed back to base as text.

BENEFITS:
The potential benefits of deploying a holistic e-fleet management
system include:

• Control spiraling fleet running costs and maximize fleet

utilization through multiple optimization techniques such as
bundling, continuous moves and cross-docking.
• Track any vehicle in real time and pinpoint the location of a
vehicle on a map.
• Obtain real-time data feeds on performance of vehicular
components, driving patterns and cargo-hold parameters.
 • Automate the dispatch of jobs to fleet using algorithms that
take into consideration dynamic parameters from the
environment.
• Respond to ad hoc customer requests/orders.
• Provide customers with visibility into real-time order-
fulfillment status and forecast information of delivery
timelines.
• Reduce the TCO of mobile assets by proactively tracking
asset performance and maintenance.
• Maximize vehicle/resource availability and safety

STRUCTURE ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

Structured analysis is a set of technique and graphical tools that

allow the analyst to develop a new kind of system specifications
that are easily understandable to the user. Analysts work
primarily with their wits, pencil, and paper. Most of them have no
tools. The traditional approach focuses on cost/benefit and
feasibility analysis, project management, hardware and software
selection and personnel considerations. In contrast structured
analysis considers new goal and structured tools for analysis.
The new goals specify the following:
• Use graphical wherever possible to help communicate
better with the user.
• Differentiate between logical and physical systems.
• Build a logical system model to familiarize the user with
system characteristics and interrelationship before
implementations.

The structured tools focus on the tools listed earlier – essentially

the data flow diagram, data dictionary, Structured English,
decision trees, and decision tables. The objective is to build a
new document, called system specifications. This document
provides the basis for design and implementation.

CONTEXT-DIAGRAM
USER AND CONTROLS
Admin: Read, Write, Delete, Update.
Logistic Operator: Read, Write.
Customer: Read, Write.
Driver: Read, Write.

E- Fleet
Management
System
 ADMIN:
• Login ID
• Add Update operator and driver information.
• See all database reports.
• Calculate salary and profits/loss for income tax.
• Support

LOGISTIC OPERATOR:
• Login ID.
• Read or fill the jobs.
• Assign the jobs to drivers.
• Online payment facility.
• Text-Messages.
• Status of ongoing jobs, performance of vehicle, traffic routes.

CUSTOMERS:
• Register & Login ID.
• Read or fill the jobs.
• Online payment facility.
• Text-Messages.
• Status of previous assign job order.
• Feedback.

DRIVERS:
• Login Id.
• MDT Device.
• PDA Device.
• Receipt Book.
DESCRIPTION:

ADMIN:
Admin is main person who has the full rights. Admin should
login to take this feature. The admin can add or delete driver or
logistic operator information. Admin can see all database reports,
so he can calculate salary for employees and profit/loss for
income tax. There is another feature is support which help to
customers for regarding queries .
LOGISTIC OPERATORS:
Logistic operators have to login themselves. Logistic
operators can read or write the order jobs through customers. By
finishing filling forms, one message will displayed to customers in
mobiles. They assign the jobs to drivers. Customers can deposit
money online. They can also check the status of ongoing jobs,
road traffic and performance of vehicle.

CUSTOMERS:
Customers have to login to read or write order jobs with
payment. To do so, customers have to register themselves
online. They can also check the status of previous assign jobs.
They can also give feedback to fleet team.

DRIVERS:
Drivers should login through MDT (Mobile Data Terminal)
hardware device. Through MDT, drivers can send or receive text
messages, can see the location (GPS) and also have online
payment facility. They have also another device, namely PDA
which is used for digital signature for verification. They have also
receipt book to assure that customers had deposited money by
cash.
 DETAILED DESIGN
Design Strategy
Design is the first step in the development phase for any
engineering product or system. It may be defined as “The
process of applying various techniques and principles for the
purpose of defining a device, a process or a system in sufficient
detail to permit its physical realization.”

When designing the system the points taken care are:

 • Identify the user requirement
• Need to maintain data and retrieve them whenever wanted
• The format of report printout to be taken
• Identification of the inputs and arriving at the user defined
output screens
• System specification
• Security mechanism
• View of the future implications of the project

A structured design is modeled as top down approach to

minimize complexity and make a problem manageable by
subdividing it into smaller segments. The most creative and
challenging phase of a system development life cycle is system
design. It refers to the technical specifications that will be applied
in implementing the candidate system. The design phase is a
translation from user-oriented document to the programmers.

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