What I Know

A. Instruction: Read the following questions carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer in your yellow pad.

1. Alvin Toffler, an American writer and futurist, popularly quoted for having said “The illiterate of the twenty-first century will
not be those who cannot read and write, but those who cannot learn, unlearn and relearn”. What is his point of view in saying
those?
A. Illiteracy is being knowledgeable. B. It is the concept of being a good learner.
C. It is the manner of pursuing your dreams. D. The long journey that takes place in the field of education.

2. Social institution is a group of people who have come together for a common goal. Which a social institution taught basic
academic knowledge, learning skills, and cultural norms?
A. Education B. Formal education C. Informal education D. Nonformal education

3. This type of education is usually based in the classroom and the learners are provided by trained and professional teaching and
nonteaching personnel. What type of education is this?
A. Homeschooling B. Formal education C. Informal education D. Nonformal education

4. Nonformal education focuses on skills. Which of the following is an example of a nonformal education?
A. Martheena attends her class every day at school.
B. Grace passed the National Certificate on driving.
C. Maggie stays at home and her lesson is conducted by an online teacher.
D. Allan attends night classes at the nearby university because he is working during daytime.

5. Livie is already 45 years old but she just completed grade nine level of basic education. She wanted to go back to school to
learn dressmaking. Which type of education is suited for her?
A. Homeschooling B. Formal education C. Informal education D. Nonformal education

6. Which of the following bests define education?

A. It is a social institution that improve social status
B. It is a social institution that helps people think, feel, and behave in a way that contributes to their success. C. It is a social
institution through which a society’s children are taught basic academic knowledge, learning skills, and cultural norms.
D. All the above

7. There are two types of education in the Philippines. Which of these bests describes a nonformal education? A. An educational
activity about work skills. B. An educational program for out of school children.
C. An educational movement for social development. D. All of the above

8. Formal and nonformal education has differences. Which of the following statements determine the difference between the two?
A. The formal education allows the transmission of culture while the nonformal education does not.
B. The formal education is a classroom based while nonformal education is a community based.
C. The nonformal education is progressive while the formal education is regressive.
D. The nonformal education is hierarchically structure while the formal education does not require any structure.

9. Which among the following statement is a function of education?

A. Education is for all B. Education is reinforced by state or religion.
C. Provides new experiences, offers alternatives. D. Education transmits culture and provides socialization.

10. One way to appreciate education is to look at its goals. Which of the following are the two most important goals of education
for an individual and for the society?
A. Communication and patriotism B. Social and cultural innovations
C. Self-actualization and productive citizenry D. Upgrading social standing and becoming famous

11. Education has immense and complex social institution which prepares citizens for various needs of society, what does this
statement imply?
A. Education is the primary institution in the society.
B. The main goal of the society is to educate the citizen.
C. Education is a primary need for economic development.
D. Education performs several functions for people and the community they belong.

12. Education has a formal and nonformal form. Which of the following does not belong to a formal education?
A. Computer Literacy Program B. Primary Education C. Secondary Education D. Tertiary Education

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13.Which of the following is an example of a compulsory formal education?
A. Welding B. College Education C. Elementary Education D. Alternative Learning System

14.Which of the following does not describe the importance of the right to education?
A. It stimulates independence. B. It provides productive citizens.
C. It divests work related opportunities. D. It produces important development benefits.

15. To which function of education does this statement implies: “Education prepares us for the later station of our lives, and, to
buy the necessities of life.”
A. Socialization B. Social Integration C. Social Needs D. Social Placement

What is It

Read the discussions below.

The Meaning of Education, Types, Functions and its Importance

The Meaning of Education

Education {ej-oo-key-shuhn], the act or process of imparting or acquiring general knowledge, developing the powers of
reasoning and judgment, and generally of preparing oneself or others intellectually for mature life
(https://www.dictionary.com/browse/education). However, education, as a social institution has a different meaning. Dr. William
Little (2014) held that education is a social institution through which a society’s children are taught basic academic knowledge,
learning skills, and cultural norms.
Furthermore, the word education is derived from the Latin word “educare” which means “to train”, “to rear or bring-up
(a child)”. Hence, it plays a significant role in transferring culture and social norms among members of society, in the process of
training and various modalities of educating. It enables individual to flourish their personality to withstand the culture and social
systems. It will always remain as an essential support pillar in our society.
Hence, Alvin Toffler, an American writer and futurist, is popularly quoted for having said “The illiterate of the twenty-
first century will not be those who cannot read and write, but those who cannot learn, unlearn and relearn.” This marks the
highlights of the extensive journey that occurs in the field of education.

The System of Education in the Philippines

There are two types of education in the Philippines: the formal and the nonformal. Formal education refers to the
standardized method of hierarchically structured and progressive schooling that corresponds to the general notion of elementary
and secondary and tertiary level of education. Yet, only the primary and secondary level is compulsory to the students.
In the educational system of the Philippines, the elementary and secondary level is administered and supervised by the
Department of Education. Elementary level is composed of kindergarten and six (6) years of primary education. Whereas, the
secondary contains four (4) years of junior high school and two (2) years of senior high school. Furthermore, the tertiary level is
administered and supervised by the Commission on Higher Education. The actual years spent in this level depends on the
curriculum of each course.
Nonetheless, the nonformal education refers to an educational activity carried outside the structure of a formal education.
According to UNESCO, non-formal education can cover programmes contributing to adult and youth literacy and education for
out-of-school children, as well as programmes on life skills, work skills, and social or cultural development. Thus, this type of
education is basically flexible, learner-centered, contextualized and requires learners to participate in every activity. Also, the age
of learners in this category is not a necessity. One example is the Alternative Learning System or ALS overseen by the
Department of Education. ALS Non-formal Education happens outside the classroom, community-based, usually conducted at
community learning centers, barangay multi-purpose hall, libraries or at home, managed by ALS learning facilitators, such as
mobile teachers, district ALS Coordinators, instructional managers at an agreed schedule and venue between the learners and
facilitators. (https://www.deped.gov.ph/k-to-12/inclusive-education/aboutalternative-learning-system/)

The Functions of Education and its Importance

Whether formal or nonformal, education addresses various needs of this society. Education also provides a “productive
citizenry”, and makes the “self-actualization” possible. Productive citizens are necessary for the improvement of the community.
However, self-actualization refers to the desire for self-fulfilment or the tendency of human to become actualized in what he is
potentially. Again, education takes a vital part to achieve the self-actualization.
Education has different functions. This consists of socialization, transmission of culture, social integration social
placement, and social and cultural innovation and/or preservation.

a) Socialization. Socialization is an essential ingredient in creating a society. Since school is an agent of socialization, thus,
education helps transform human in becoming literate and recognize its function in the society. Through education as a means of
socialization, we also learn social norms, values and culture that are fortified by our teachers, our textbooks, and our classmates as
well.
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b) Transmission of Culture. Through socialization in school (teachers to learners, and learner to learner), the transmission of
culture is at the highest possible. Through education, human learn the values, beliefs, and social norms of their culture.

c) Social Integration. As the saying goes “nations are built because of education”, this is because education portrays an important
role to unify individuals by teaching the common values and social norms.

d) Social Placement. It could be a cliché that “all other professions rooted from teachers” though, it is indeed the reality.
Education provides a social placement for everyone. It prepares us for the later station of our lives, and, to buy the necessities of
life. Now, this makes sense to “productive citizenry” and “self-actualization”.

Nonetheless, it is not a secret that education can change one’s life. “Having education in an area helps people think, feel,
and behave in a way that contributes to their success, and improves not only their personal satisfaction but also their community”
(cited from Al-Shuaibi, Abdulghani, The Importance of Education, 2014).

Legal Provisions of Education: Education as a Human Right

It is stated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of the UN website:

Article 26:

(1) Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be free, at least in the elementary and fundamental stages. Elementary
education shall be compulsory. Technical and professional education shall be made generally available and higher education shall
be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit.

(2) Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human
rights and fundamental freedoms. It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious
groups, and shall further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace.

(3) Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall be given to their children.

In the 1987 Philippine Constitution, Article 14:

Section 1: The State shall protect and promote the right of all citizens to quality education at all levels, and shall take appropriate
steps to make such education accessible to all.

Section 2, Paragraph 2: The state shall establish and maintain a system of free public education in the elementary and high school
levels. Without limiting the natural right of parents to rear their children, elementary education is compulsory for all children of
school age;
The right to education is fundamental. It is non-discriminatory. Everyone has the right to education regardless of race,
ethnicity, social origin, gender, political preferences or disability. It is also a vital human right in exercising all the other human
rights.
Furthermore, it stimulates independence and concession to produce significant development benefits for the country. It is
a powerful instrument for economically and socially marginalized individuals away from poverty to become productive citizen of
the country. Since education is a human right, every individual has an equal opportunity to participate in an education system.

Assessment

Direction: Read the following items carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer in your yellow pad.

1. Education is a social institution that has its own definition. Which of the following bests define education? A. It is a social
institution that improve social status
B. It is a social institution that helps people think, feel, and behave in a way that contributes to their success. C. It is a social
institution through which a society’s children are taught basic academic knowledge, learning skills, and cultural norms.
D. All the above

2. The educational system in the Philippines has two forms: the formal and the nonformal. Which of the following belongs to a
nonformal education?
A. An educational activity about work skills. B. An educational program for out of school children.
C. An educational movement for social development. D. All of the above

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3. Both formal and nonformal education has its own distinct characteristics. Which of the following statements determine the
distinctions of the two?
A. The formal education allows the transmission of culture while the nonformal education does not.
B. The formal education is a classroom based while nonformal education is a community based.
C. The nonformal education is progressive while the formal education is regressive.
D. The nonformal education is hierarchically structure while the formal education does not require any structure.

4. Education has several functions to people and society. Which of these statements tells the function of education?
A. Education is for all B. Education is reinforced by state or religion.
C. Provides new experiences, offers alternatives. D. Education transmits culture and provides socialization.

5. Education will be more appreciated through its goals. Which of these are the two most important goals of education?
A. Communication and patriotism B. Social and cultural innovations
C. Self-actualization and productive citizenry D. Upgrading social standing and becoming famous

6. The education has a huge and multifaceted social institution that prepares citizens for innumerable needs of society. What does
this statement infer?
A. Education is the primary institution in the society.
B. The main goal of the society is to educate the citizen.
C. Education is a primary need for economic development.
D. Education performs several functions for people and the community they belong.

7. The following is a nonformal education except for?

A. Computer Literacy Program B. Primary Education
C. Secondary Education D. Tertiary Education

8. Which among the following belongs to a compulsory formal education?

A. Welding B. College education C. Elementary education D. Alternative Learning System

9. Whether formal or nonformal education, both exerts significance in the society. Hence, everyone is entitled to a free education
of at least a primary education. Which of the following does not show the significance of the right to education?
A. It stimulates independence. B. It provides productive citizens.
C. It divests work related opportunities. D. It produces important development benefits.

10. “Education prepares us for the later station of our lives, and to buy the necessities of life.” Which statement does it implies?
A. Socialization B. Social Integration C. Social Needs D. Social Placement

11. “The illiterate of the twenty-first century will not be those who cannot read and write, but those who cannot learn, unlearn and
relearn”. This statement was from the American writer and futurist Alvin Toffler. What is does he wants to high lights in saying
this?
A. Illiteracy is being knowledgeable.
B. It is the concept of being a good learner.
C. It is the manner of pursuing your dreams.
D. The long journey that has taken place in the field of education.

12.Which is a social institution that taught basic academic knowledge, learning skills, and cultural norms?
A. Education B. Formal education C. Informal education D. Nonformal education

13.Which type of education is usually based in the classroom and the learners are provided by trained and professional teaching
and nonteaching personnel?
A. Homeschooling B. Formal education C. Informal education D. Nonformal education

14.The education that focuses more on skills, more of participatory approach and is out of a formal structure is nonformal. Which
shows scenario of a nonformal education??
A. Martheena attends her class every day at school.
B. Grace passed the National Certificate on driving.
C. Maggie stays at home and her lesson is conducted by an online teacher.
D. Allan attends night classes at the nearby university because he is working during daytime.

15.Livie is already 45 years old but she just completed grade nine level of basic education. She wanted to go back to school to
learn dressmaking. Which type of education is best for her?
A. Homeschooling B. Formal education C. Informal education D. Nonformal education

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PERFORMANCE TASK (60%)

Pretend that you are an education advocacy leader who has been invited as a resource speaker on a hearing in
the Congress.

At the back of your yellow pad, write a speech highlighting why primary education is a human right and why
it should be accessible to everyone. Include verified and verifiable data to support your arguments. You may
use English or Filipino in writing your speech.