The document discusses gas dehydration methods, focusing on absorption using glycol. It describes how removing water from gas streams prevents hydrate formation. Absorption methods use solvents like glycol to remove water, while adsorption uses solid surfaces. The glycol process absorbs water vapor continuously into lean glycol in an absorption column then regenerates the rich glycol in a reboiler. Key factors for glycol process design are lean glycol purity, circulation rate, and number of contactor stages.
The document discusses gas dehydration methods, focusing on absorption using glycol. It describes how removing water from gas streams prevents hydrate formation. Absorption methods use solvents like glycol to remove water, while adsorption uses solid surfaces. The glycol process absorbs water vapor continuously into lean glycol in an absorption column then regenerates the rich glycol in a reboiler. Key factors for glycol process design are lean glycol purity, circulation rate, and number of contactor stages.
The document discusses gas dehydration methods, focusing on absorption using glycol. It describes how removing water from gas streams prevents hydrate formation. Absorption methods use solvents like glycol to remove water, while adsorption uses solid surfaces. The glycol process absorbs water vapor continuously into lean glycol in an absorption column then regenerates the rich glycol in a reboiler. Key factors for glycol process design are lean glycol purity, circulation rate, and number of contactor stages.
The document discusses gas dehydration methods, focusing on absorption using glycol. It describes how removing water from gas streams prevents hydrate formation. Absorption methods use solvents like glycol to remove water, while adsorption uses solid surfaces. The glycol process absorbs water vapor continuously into lean glycol in an absorption column then regenerates the rich glycol in a reboiler. Key factors for glycol process design are lean glycol purity, circulation rate, and number of contactor stages.
of Drilling & Production Engineering, GEOPET, HCMUT 147
Chapter Outline
Why Gas Dehydration?
Overview of Dehydration Methods
Gas Dehydration by Absorption with Glycol Process
Gas Dehydration by Adsorption with Solid Desiccants
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• Gas dehydration removes water from the gas stream to
avoid hydrate formation in surface facilities or in gas pipelines • Hydrate formation conditions: high pressure + low temperature + liquid water
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Overview of Dehydration Methods
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Overview of Dehydration Methods Absorption • Removing water from gas streams using solvents • Popular solvents: – MEG: Monoethylene Glycol – DEG: Diethylene Glycol – TEG: Triethylene Glycol
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Overview of Dehydration Methods Adsorption
• Removing water from gas streams using solid surfaces, known
as solid beds
• Chemisorption (chemical or electrovalent bonding) vs
Physisorption (van der Waals forces between gas molecules and solid surface) • Popular solid desiccants: – Alumina – Molecular sieves (microporous media with or nm pore size) – Silicon gel – CaCl2
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Overview of Dehydration Methods Condensation • Removing water from gas streams by cooling below dew points • Popular cooling methods for condensation: – External cooling or refrigeration: Using ammonia liquid or liquid propane – Turbo expansion: Generating work in an adiabatic process
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Gas Dehydration by Absorption Glycol Process Advantages:
• Continuous rather than batch process
• Lower pressure drop • High performance: Up to 0.5 lb H2O/MMscf of gas can be achieved • Glycol can be effectively regenerated • Low installation cost
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Gas Dehydration by Absorption Glycol Process Advantages:
• Continuous rather than batch process
• Lower pressure drop • High performance: Up to 0.5 lb H2O/MMscf of gas can be achieved • Glycol can be effectively regenerated • Low installation cost
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Gas Dehydration by Absorption Glycol Process Disadvantages:
• Glycol is susceptive to contamination
• Glycol is corrosive when contanminated or decomposed
• Water dew points below -25oF requires special gas stripper
columns
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Typical Glycol Process Flow
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Glycol Process Description
• Wet gas enters the absorption column from near its bottom
• Gas flows upward through six to eight trays and passes
through mist extractor at the outlet
• Lean glycol flows downward, absorbing water vapor from
the natural gas
• Rich glycol leaves from the bottom of the column to the
regeneration unit.
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Glycol Process Description (cont’d)
• Reboiler generates steam from the water in the rich glycol
• Steam is circulated through the packed section to strip the
water from the glycol
• Stripped water and any lost hydrocarbon are vented at the
top of the stripper
• Hot lean glycol exchange its heat to the rich glycol in the heat exchanger and thus saves the energy
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Design of Gas Dehydration by Absorption in TEG Three main factors that affect on the amount of water removal in glycol processes: - Lean TEG purity - TEG circulation rate - Number of stages in the glycol contactor/absorber
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Lean TEG Purity - The purity of lean TEG controls the dry gas water dew point - Equilibrium water dew point depends on the contactor temperature at various lean TEG concentrations (wt %)
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TEG Circulation Rate - Actual water removal depends on circulation rate and the number of stages N - Typical TEG rate: 15-40 liters TEG/kg H2O absorbed
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Tray Efficiency – Number of Trays Overall tray efficiency is defined as the ratio between the number of equilibrium stages and the number of actual trays
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77th Conference on Glass Problems: A Collection of Papers Presented at the 77th Conference on Glass Problems, Greater Columbus Convention Center, Columbus, OH, November 7-9, 2016
77th Conference on Glass Problems: A Collection of Papers Presented at the 77th Conference on Glass Problems, Greater Columbus Convention Center, Columbus, OH, November 7-9, 2016
