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12275:1998
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Mountaineering equipment Ð |
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Connectors Ð Safety |
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requirements and test methods |
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The European Standard EN 12275:1998 has the status of a |
British Standard |
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ICS 97.220.40 |
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NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW
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BS EN 12275:1998

National foreword
This British Standard is the English language version of EN 12275:1998.
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee
SW/136, Sports, playground and other recreational equipment, to Subcommittee
SW/136/5, Mountaineering equipment, which has the responsibility to:

Ð aid enquirers to understand the text;

Ð present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the
interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed;
Ð monitor related international and European developments and promulgate
them in the UK.

A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request

to its secretary.
Cross-references
The British Standards which implement international or European publications
referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the
section entitled ªInternational Standards Correspondence Indexº, or by using the
ªFindº facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue.
A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.

Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page,
pages 2 to 12, an inside back cover and a back cover.

This British Standard, having Amendments issued since publication

been prepared under the
direction of the Consumer Amd. No. Date Text affected
Products and Services Sector
Committee, was published under
the authority of the Standards
Committee and comes into effect
on 15 December 1998

 BSI 1998

ISBN 0 580 30364 0

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 12275
NORME EUROPEÂENNE
EUROPAÈISCHE NORM August 1998

ICS 97.220.40

Descriptors: sports equipment, mountaineering, connectors, definitions, safety, specifications, equipment specifications, mechanical
strength, tests, information, marking

English version

Mountaineering equipment Ð Connectors Ð Safety requirements

and test methods

Equipement d'alpinisme et d'escalade Ð BergsteigerausruÈstung Ð Karabiner Ð

Connecteurs Ð Exigences de seÂcurite et Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen und
meÂthodes d'essai PruÈfverfahren

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 July 1998.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a
national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical
references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to
the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German).
A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a
CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the
same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and
United Kingdom.

CEN
European Committee for Standardization
Comite EuropeÂen de Normalisation
EuropaÈisches Komitee fuÈr Normung

Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels

 1998 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national
Members.
Ref. No. EN 12275:1998 E
Page 2
EN 12275:1998

Foreword Contents
This European Standard has been prepared by Page
Technical Committee CEN/TC 136, Sports, playground
Foreword 2
and other recreational equipment, the Secretariat of
which is held by DIN. 1 Scope 3
This European Standard shall be given the status of a 2 Normative references 3
national standard, either by publication of an identical 3 Definitions 3
text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 1999,
and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn 3.1 connector 3
at the latest by February 1999. 3.2 self-closing connector 3
The text is based on UIAA-Standard C (Union 3.3 basic connector (type B) 3
Internationale des Associations d'Alpinisme), which has
3.4 HMS connector (type H) 3
been prepared with international participation.
This standard is one of a package of standards for 3.5 Klettersteig connector (type K) 3
mountaineering equipment, see annex B. 3.6 directional connector (type D) 3
This European Standard has been prepared under a 3.7 specific anchor connector (type A) 3
mandate given to CEN by the European Commission 3.8 screwed-closure connector
and the European Free Trade Association, and (Quicklink; type Q) 3
supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
3.9 oval connector (type X) 3
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative
annex ZA, which is an integral part of this standard. 3.10 gate 3
Annexes A, B and ZA of this European Standard are for 3.11 self-closing gate 3
information only. 3.12 gate-locking device 3
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, 3.13 gate-open latch 3
the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European 4 Safety requirements 5
Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, 4.1 Design 5
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland,
4.2 Performance 6
Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. 5 Test methods 7
5.1 Apparatus 7
5.2 Preparation of test samples 7
5.3 Procedure 7
6 Information to be supplied 8
7 Marking 10
Annex A (informative) Effect of connector
shape on major axis gate-open strength 11
Annex B (informative) Standards on
mountaineering equipment 12
Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this
European Standard addressing essential
requirements or other provisions of
EU Directives 12

 BSI 1998
 Page 3
EN 12275:1998

1 Scope 3.8
This standard specifies safety requirements and test screwed-closure connector (Quicklink; type Q)
methods for connectors for use in mountaineering connector which is closed by a screw-motion gate,
including climbing. which is a load bearing part of the connector when
fully screwed up, see Figure 6
2 Normative references 3.9
This European Standard incorporates, by dated or oval connector (type X)
undated reference, provisions from other publications.
self-closing connector designed for lower loads, which
These normative references are cited at the
is not designed to give full protection in the event of a
appropriate places in the text and the publications are
fall, see Figure 7
listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent
amendments to or revisions of any of these 3.10
publications apply to this European Standard only gate
when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For
undated references, the latest edition of the publication part of the connector which can be moved to open it.
referred to applies. The gate can move by pivoting about a hinge (hinged
gate), or by a sliding motion (sliding gate) or by a
EN 20139, Textiles Ð Standard atmospheres for

m
screw motion (screw-motion gate)
conditioning and testing.
(ISO 139:1973). 3.11
self-closing gate
.c o
3 Definitions
x w
gate which moves automatically to the closed position

zf
For the purposes of this standard, the following when released from any open position, or when

b
definitions apply. unlatched, if there is a gate-open latch
3.1
connector
ww . 3.12

w
gate-locking device
openable device, which enables a mountaineer to link mechanism which reduces the possibility of a closed
himself directly or indirectly to an anchor

网
gate being opened inadvertently. A gate-locking device
3.2 can operate automatically (to the locked position) or
self-closing connector

分 享
connector with a self-closing gate
be operated manually
3.13

准
3.3 gate-open latch

标
basic connector (type B) device which holds the gate in the fully-open position
self-closing connector with adequate strength for use and is actuated by a deliberate manual action
anywhere in a belay system, see Figure 1
3.4
HMS connector (type H)
self-closing connector Ð generally pear shaped Ð
intended to be used primarily for dynamic belaying, for
example using an ªItalian hitchº (HMS), see Figure 2
3.5
Klettersteig connector (type K)
self-closing connector intended to be used primarily for
linking a mountaineer to a Klettersteig anchor
(via ferrata) system, see Figure 3
3.6
directional connector (type D)
self-closing connector, or a combination of one or
more self-closing connectors and slings, designed to
ensure loading in a predetermined direction, see
Figure 1 Ð Example of
Figure 4
basic connector (type B)
3.7
specific anchor connector (type A)
self-closing connector designed only to be linked
directly to a specific type of anchor, see Figure 5

 BSI 1998
Page 4
EN 12275:1998

Figure 2 Ð Example of
HMS connector (type H)

o m
x w .c
zf
Figure 4 Ð Example of

b
directional connector (type D)

ww .
w
享 网
准 分
标
Figure 3 Ð Example of a
Klettersteig connector (type K)

Figure 5 Ð Example of a
specific anchor connector (type A)

 BSI 1998
 Page 5
EN 12275:1998

4.1.3 Connectors of type H shall have a gate-locking

device, but shall not have a gate-open latch.
4.1.4 Connectors of type K shall have an automatic
gate-locking device.
4.1.5 Connectors of types A and D shall be so
designed that the line of application of the load to the
connector is uniquely defined.
4.1.6 Connectors of types B, H, D and X shall have a
gate opening of at least 15 mm.
4.1.7 Connectors of type K shall have a gate opening
of at least 21 mm.
4.1.8 Connectors of types B, D, H and X shall be able
to accommodate in region A in accordance with
Figure 8 two ropes of 11 mm nominal diameter, without
hindering the movement of the gate between the
Figure 6 Ð Example of a screwed-closure

m
closed and fully open positions.
connector (Quicklink; type Q)

.c o
4.1.9 Connectors of type K shall be able to
accommodate in region A in accordance with

w
Figure 9 a metal rod of 21 mm nominal diameter,

x
zf
without hindering the movement of the gate between
the closed and fully open positions.

. b
4.1.10 Connectors of type Q shall require at least four

ww
complete rotations of the screw-motion gate from the

w
fully screwed up position to disengagement of the
threads. There shall be a clearly visible indication if the
gate is not in the fully screwed up position, for

享 网 example by the visibility of threads or visibility of a

contrasting coloured region.

准 分 4.1.11 Any hinged gate shall only open inwards,

towards the body of the connector, but the gate can
open at up to 20 degrees from the plane of the

标 connector.
4.1.12 A gate-open latch shall be designed to latch the
gate open, only in its fully open position. The latch
shall unlatch the gate automatically, either by
Figure 7 Ð Example of an oval attachment of the connector to an anchor, or by
connector (type X) loading the connector.
4.1.13 A manual gate-locking device shall require a
deliberate manual action to lock the gate, and shall
4 Safety requirements require at least two different actions to open the gate.
4.1 Design 4.1.14 An automatic gate-locking device shall lock the
gate automatically when the gate shuts, and shall
4.1.1 All edges of a connector that can come into require at least two different actions to open the gate.
contact with the user's hands and/or combinable
components such as ropes, slings, accessory cords and
harnesses, shall be free from burrs.
4.1.2 Connectors of type X shall be roughly
symmetrical in outline about the longitudinal centre
line. They shall have a minimum radius of curvature
of 12 mm at the inner surface of the larger end.

 BSI 1998
Page 6
EN 12275:1998

4.2 Performance
4.2.1 Static strength
4.2.1.1 Major axis with gate closed
When tested in accordance with 5.3.2.1.3, connectors,
in the major axis with the gate closed, shall withstand
the loads specified in Table 1 without breaking.
Permanent deformation which affects the operation of
the connector is acceptable.
4.2.1.2 Major axis with gate open
When tested in accordance with 5.3.2.1.3, connectors,
in the major axis with the gate open, shall withstand
the loads specified in Table 1 without breaking.
Permanent deformation which affects the operation of
the connector is acceptable.
NOTE In practice, if loaded with the gate open, connectors can
fail at a lower load than that obtained by the method of test
specified in 5.3.2.1.3. Further information on this is given

m
in annex A.

.c o
For connectors with automatic gate-locking devices,
and for screwed-closure connectors (type Q), there is

w
no requirement for this test.

x
zf
Dimensions in millimetres 4.2.1.3 Minor axis

b
When tested in accordance with 5.3.2.1.4, connectors,

.
1) Region A
in the minor axis with the gate closed, shall withstand

ww
Figure 8 Ð Region A for types B, the loads specified in Table 1 without breaking.

w
D, H and X
For connectors of types D and A, there is no
requirement for this test.

享 网 4.2.2 Gate forces

4.2.2.1 Self-closing gates

准 分 When tested in accordance with 5.3.2.2, the force

required to open the gate to give a 3 mm opening, shall
be greater than 5 N.

标 When released from any open position, or unlatched if

there is a gate-open latch, the gate shall return to the
fully closed position.
4.2.2.2 Gate-open latches
When tested in accordance with 5.3.2.2.3.1, the
minimum force required to latch the gate open shall
not be less than 10 N.
When tested in accordance with 5.3.2.2.3.2 the force
required to be applied to the connector to unlatch the
gate shall not be greater than 15 N.
4.2.2.3 Gate performance under load
For connectors of types B, D and X, not fitted with a
device intended to lock the gate closed under load,
when tested in accordance with 5.3.2.2.4, under a
nominal major axis load of up to 800 N, it shall be
Dimensions in millimetres
possible to open the gate fully by hand, and, when
released, the gate shall return to the fully closed
1) Region A
position.
Figure 9 Ð Region A for type K

 BSI 1998
 Page 7
EN 12275:1998

Table 1 Ð Minimum static strength requirements for connectors

Type Description Major axis Major axis Minor axis
Gate closed Gate open
kN kN kN

B Basic connector 20 7a 7
H HMS connector 20 6a 7
K Klettersteig connector 25 Ð 7
A Specific anchor connector 20 7a Ð
D Directional connector, excluding anchor connectors 20 7a Ð
Q Screwed closure connector (Quicklink) 25 Ð 10
X Oval connector 18 5a 7
a No requirement if fitted with an automatic gate-locking device.

5 Test methods 5.3.1.2.3 For connectors of types B, H and X, place

two bars each of diameter (11 ± 0,01) mm in region A
5.1 Apparatus in accordance with Figure 8, touching each other and
Conventional tensile testing machine. the inner surface of the connector. Check that the bars
can be positioned such that the gate can be opened
5.2 Preparation of test samples and closed fully without making contact with either
For the static strength test in accordance with 5.3.2.1, bar.
condition the test samples as follows.
5.3.2 Performance
a) For test samples containing a textile element,
condition the textile element in accordance with 5.3.2.1 Static strength tests
EN 20139. Tests may then be done outside the
5.3.2.1.1 Rate of loading
conditioning room, but the temperature shall
be (23 ± 5) 8C and the tests shall begin within 5 min In the tensile tests, during loading the crosshead
of removal from conditioning. velocity shall lie within the range of:
b) Test samples without a textile element shall be Ð 50 mm to 200 mm per minute if the connector
tested without conditioning. contains a textile element subject to stress during
the test; or
5.3 Procedure
Ð 20 mm to 50 mm per minute otherwise.
5.3.1 Design
5.3.2.1.2 Test measurements
5.3.1.1 General Continue each test until the connector breaks or
Check that connectors, in accordance with the distorts to an extent that the pins are released.
definitions of clause 3, meet the requirements of 4.1.1 Measure and record the maximum applied force during
to 4.1.5 and 4.1.10 to 4.1.14 by visual examination the test.
and simple check measurements.
5.3.2.1.3 Major axis testing
5.3.1.2 Gate opening Mount the connector in a conventional tensile testing
The subsequent tests apply to connectors of types B, H, machine and apply the load by means of two pins of
K, D and X. diameter (12 ± 0,01) mm, which are arranged to be
perpendicular to the major axis. It is important that the
5.3.1.2.1 For connectors of types B, H, D and X, pass connector shall be free to locate itself on the pins at
a bar of diameter (15 ± 0,01) mm through the opened the start of the test and as the load is applied; a
gate of the connector. universal joint in one arm of the testing machine is
5.3.1.2.2 For connectors of type K, pass a bar of useful and the pins shall be well coated with a
diameter (21 ± 0,01) mm through the opened gate of molybdenum based grease where they come into
the connector. With the bar in region A in accordance contact with a metal part of the test sample.
with Figure 9, check that the gate can be opened and Apply a small force to the connector at right angles to
closed fully without making contact with the bar. the direction of loading to bias the gate away from the
pins initially. This is particularly important during
gate-open testing. The bias force shall be equal to the
gravitational weight of the connector.

 BSI 1998
Page 8
EN 12275:1998

Alternatively the connector may be tested in a 5.3.2.2.2 Sliding gate

horizontal axis test machine, with the connector With the connector unloaded along the major axis,
positioned in a vertical plane with the gate downwards. apply a force of (5 ± 0,1) N to the point which actuates
Specific anchor connectors shall be connected to an the opening of the gate, in the direction which has
anchor, supplied by the manufacturer, which shall be maximum effectiveness.
capable of being loaded in an appropriate direction by Check that the gate has not opened sufficiently for a
one of the pins, or otherwise connected to one of the bar of diameter (3 ± 0,01) mm to pass through the gate
jaws of the test machine. If a directional connector has opening. Check that the gate can be opened fully by
a captive sling, which is intended to be loaded directly, hand and that the gate closes fully when released from
apply the test load to the sling by a pin (10 ± 0,1) mm any open position, or from a latched-open position.
in diameter, with an arithmetical mean deviation of the
profile of Ra = 0,8 mm and a maximum surface 5.3.2.2.3 Gate-open latch
roughness of Rmax = 6,3 mm. Where a directional 5.3.2.2.3.1 With the gate initially almost fully open,
connector has provision for a semi-captive sling, the apply a force to the gate to latch it open. Check that
manufacturer shall supply a suitable short sling for the gate cannot be latched open by a force less
testing purposes. than 10 N applied anywhere on the gate.
When testing with the gate closed, connectors fitted
with a manually operated gate-locking device shall be 5.3.2.2.3.2 Consult the manufacturer's instructions
tested with the gate-locking device in the unlocked regarding how the gate is to be unlatched in use. If the
position. connector unlatches when used with a particular type
of anchor, the manufacturer shall supply a suitable
5.3.2.1.4 Minor axis testing anchor for this test. Check that the gate can be
Carry out the minor axis test in a similar manner unlatched by applying a force not greater than 15 N to
to 5.3.2.1.3, but the loading pins shall have a diameter the connector in a direction in accordance with the
of (10 ± 0,01) mm and they shall not be coated with manufacturer's instructions.
grease. The loading direction shall be in accordance 5.3.2.2.4 Gate performance under load
with Figure 10.
With the connector in the tensile testing machine and
In order to avoid movement of the loading pins during with an applied major axis load of (800 ± 10) N, check
the test, grooves may be made in the body, the gate that the gate opens and closes without undue
and/or the gate-locking device to sufficient depth to resistance.
ensure location of the pins (in accordance with
Figure 10). These grooves shall not be subsequently the
cause of failure. Alternatively clamps may be used to 6 Information to be supplied
ensure the location of the pins. a) the name or trademark of the manufacturer,
Connectors fitted with manually operated gate-locking importer or supplier;
devices shall be tested with the gate-locking device in b) the number of this European standard: EN 12275;
the unlocked position. If this is not practical, the gate
c) the meaning of any markings on the product;
locking device may be removed.
d) on the use of the product;
5.3.2.2 Testing of gate forces
e) if the connector cannot be opened when fitted
5.3.2.2.1 Hinged gate with a device intended to lock the gate closed under
With the connector unloaded along the major axis, load;
apply a force of (5 ± 0,1) N to the gate in accordance f) on how to choose other components for use in
with Figure 11. The direction of the force shall be the system;
along a line at 908 to a straight line from the axis of the g) on how to maintain and service the product;
gate hinge to the mid-point of the latch-end of the gate,
h) on the lifespan of the product or how to assess it;
when the gate is in the closed position.
i) on the effects of chemical reagents and
Check that the gate has not opened sufficiently for a
temperature on the product;
bar of diameter (3 ± 0,01) mm to pass through the gate
opening. Check that the gate can be opened fully by j) on the effects of storage and ageing.
hand and that the gate closes fully when released from
any open position, or from a latched-open position.

 BSI 1998
 Page 9
EN 12275:1998

Dimensions in millimetres
Figure 10 Ð Test of the minor axis

 BSI 1998
Page 10
EN 12275:1998

Dimensions in millimetres
Figure 11 Ð Testing of the gate

7 Marking
Connectors shall be marked clearly, indelibly and
durably with at least the following information:
a) the name or trademark of the manufacturer,
importer or supplier;
b) the connector type letter in accordance with
clause 3 surrounded by a circle, for type H, type K
and type X connectors;
c) the minimum strength values in kN to the nearest
whole number below the value guaranteed by the
manufacturer, for the following modes of loading
(where there is a test requirement):
Ð major axis gate-closed;
Ð major axis gate-open;
Ð minor axis.
The markings shall take the form in accordance with
Figure 12 together with the marking ªkNº either at the
beginning or at the end. The marked strength shall be
a whole number of kN.

1) Major axis Ð gate closed

2) Major axis Ð gate open
3) Minor axis
Figure 12 Ð Example of marking

 BSI 1998
 Page 11
EN 12275:1998

Annex A (informative) Whether this happens or not in practice is affected by

the shape of the connector, the coefficient of friction
Effect of connector shape on major axis between the rope or sling and the connector material,
gate-open strength and the surface finish. Manufacturers of connectors are
It should be noted that the method of test specified hereby advised to take note of this problem and try to
in 5.3.2.1.3 loads the connector, with the gate open, in minimise its effect, most particularly for connectors of
its strongest configuration. This method of test is types B and D, by suitable choice of connector shape,
specified as it gives the most consistent test results. In material and surface finish.
practice, in the event of a fall, connectors can be Examples of good and bad shape, with regard to this
loaded dynamically away from the backbar. It is characteristic, are given below.
desirable that when the load comes onto the rope or
sling, the rope or sling slips into the same position as
that in which the load is applied in the test in
accordance with 5.3.2.1.3. If this does not happen in
practice, the connector will fail at a lower load than
measured in the major axis gate-open test. It has not
been possible to specify a satisfactory test to ensure
that the rope or sling does slip into the desired
position.

Shape which does not relocate the rope Shape which locates the rope in
the same position as the test pins

Figure A.1 Ð Different shapes of connectors

 BSI 1998
Page 12
EN 12275:1998

Annex B (informative)
Standards on mountaineering equipment
Table B.1 Ð List of standards on mountaineering equipment
No. Document Title
1 EN 892 Mountaineering equipment Ð Dynamic mountaineering ropes Ð Safety requirements
and test methods
2 prEN 12275 Mountaineering equipment Ð Connectors Ð Safety requirements and test methods
3 prEN 13089 Mountaineering equipment Ð Ice-tools Ð Safety requirments and test methods
4 prEN 12277 Mountaineering equipment Ð Harnesses Ð Safety requirements and test methods
5 prEN 12492 Mountaineering equipment Ð Climbers safety helmets Ð Safety requirements and test
methods
6 EN 564 Mountaineering equipment Ð Accessory cord Ð Safety requirements and test methods
7 EN 565 Mountaineering equipment Ð Tape Ð Safety requirements and test methods
8 EN 566 Mountaineering equipment Ð Slings Ð Safety requirements and test methods
9 prEN 12276 Mountaineering equipment Ð Frictional anchors Ð Safety requirements and test
methods
10 prEN 12270 Mountaineering equipment Ð Chocks Ð Safety requirements and test methods
11 EN 567 Mountaineering equipment Ð Rope clamps Ð Safety requirements and test methods
12 EN 958 Mountaineering equipment Ð Energy absorbing systems for use in klettersteig
(via ferrata) climbing Ð Safety requirements and test methods
13 EN 959 Mountaineering equipment Ð Rock anchors Ð Safety requirements and test methods
14 EN 568 Mountaineering equipment Ð Ice anchors Ð Safety requirements and test methods
15 EN 569 Mountaineering equipment Ð Pitons Ð Safety requirements and test methods
16 prEN 893 Mountaineering equipment Ð Crampons Ð Safety requirements and test methods
17 a Mountaineering equipment Ð Descenders Ð Safety requirements and test methods
(00136079)
18 prEN 12278 Mountaineering equipment Ð Pulleys Ð Safety requirements and test methods
a In preparation.

Annex ZA (informative)
Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements or other
provisions of EU Directives
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 89/686/EEC.
WARNING: Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the
scope of this standard.
The following clauses of this standard are likely to support requirements of Directive 89/686/EEC:
EU Directive 89/686/EEC, Annex II Clause/subclause of this standard
1.1 Design principles 4.1, 5.3.1
1.2 Innocuousness 4.1.1, 5.3.1, 4.2.2, 5.3.2.2
1.3.2 Lightness and strength 4.2.1, 5.3.2.1
1.4 Information supplied by the manufacturer 6, 7
3.1.2.2 Prevention of falls from a height 4, 5, 6
Compliance with the clauses of this standard provides one means of conforming with the specific essential
requirements of the Directive concerned and associated EFTA regulations.

 BSI 1998
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