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Delunay Triangulation

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Delunay Triangulation

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spas DDeauay trang lation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Delaunay triangulation From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In mathematics and computational geometry, a Delaunay triangulation for a set P of points in a plane is a triangulation DT(P) such that no point in P is inside the circumcircle of any triangle in DT(P). Delaunay triangulations maximize the minimum angle of all the angles of the triangles in the triangulation; they tend to avoid skinny triangles. The triangulation is named after Boris Delaunay for his work on this topic from 1934.1] Fora set of points on the same line there is no Delaunay triangulation (the notion of triangulation is degenerate for this case). For four or more points on the same circle (e.g., the vertices of a rectangle) the Delaunay triangulation is not unique: cach of the two possible triangulations that split the quadrangle into two triangles satisfies the "Delaunay condition’, ic., the requirement that the circumeircles of all triangles have empty interiors. By considering circumscribed spheres, the notion of Delaunay triangulation extends to three and higher dimensions, ‘A Delaunay triangulation in the plane with circumeircles shown Generalizations are possible to metrics other than Euclidean, However in these cases a Delaunay triangulation is not guaranteed to exist or be unique. Contents = 1 Relationship with the Voronoi diagram = 2d-dimensional Delaunay = 3 Properties = 4 Visual Delaunay definition: Flipping = 5 Algorithms = 5.1 Flip algorithms = 5.2 Incremental = 5.3 Divide and conquer = 5.4 Sweepline = 5.5 Sweephull = 6 Applications = 75See also = 8 References = 9 External links erukpodia.orgivikiDetaunay triangulation w spas DDeauay trang lation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Relationship with the Voronoi diagram The Delaunay triangulation of.a discrete point set P in general position corresponds to the dual graph of the Voronoi diagram for P. Special cases include the existence of three points on a line and four points on circle. The Delaunay Connecting the centers triangulation with all the of the eircumeireles circumeircles and their produces the Voronoi centers (in red). diagram (in red). d-dimensional Delaunay Fora set P of points in the (d-dimensional) Euclidean space, a Delaunay triangulation is a tiangulation DI(P) such that no point in P is inside the circum-hypersphere of any simplex in DT(P). It is knownl?! that there exists a unique Delaunay triangulation for P, if Pis a set of points in general position; that is, there exists no k-flat containing k + 2 points nor a k-sphere containing k +3 points, for 1 o D. D, Di+ Ds 1] !C2— Pe Cy Dy (2 Di) + (}-D)) When A, B and C are sorted in a counterclockwise order, this determinant is positive if and only if D lies inside the circumeircle. Flip algorithms ‘As mentioned above, ifa triangle is non-Delaunay, we can fip one of its edges. This leads to a straightforward algorithm: construct any triangulation of the points, and then fp edges until no triangle is non-Delaunay. Unfortunately, this can take O(n) edge flips, and does not extend to three dimensions or higher.|! Incremental The most straightforward way of efliciently computing the Delaunay triangulation is to repeatedly add one vertex at a time, retriangulating the affected parts of the graph, When a vertex v is added, we split in three the triangle that contains v, then we apply the fip algorithm, Done naively, this willtake O(n) time: we search through all the triangles to find the one that contains v, then we potentially fip away every triangle, Then the overall runtime is O(?). If we insert vertices in random order, it tums out (by a somewhat intricate proof) that each insertion will fp, on average, only O(1) triangles — although sometimes it will ip many more.'5] This still leaves the point location time to improve. We can store the history of the splits and fips performed: each triangle stores a pointer to the two or three triangles that replaced it. To find the triangle that contains v, we start at a root triangle, and follow the pointer that points to a triangle that contains v, until we find a triangle that has not yet been replaced. On average, this will also take O(log n) time. Over all vertices, then, this takes O(n log n) time.2] While the technique extends to higher dimension (as proved by Edelsbrumner and Shah!®)), the runtime can be exponential in the dimension even if the final Delaunay triangulation is small. The Bowyer—Watson algorithm provides another approach for incremental construction. It gives an alternative to edge flipping for computing the Delaunay triangles containing a newly inserted vertex. Divide and conquer A divide and conquer algorithm for triangulations in two dimensions is due to Lee and Schachter which was improved by Guibas and Stolfi”] and later by Dwyer. In this algorithm, one recursively draws a line to split the vertices into two sets. The Delaunay triangulation is computed for each set, and then the two sets are merged along the spliting line. Using some clever tricks, the merge operation can be done in time O(n), so the total running time is Om gn). For certain types of point sets, such as a uniform random distribution, by intelligently picking the splitting lines the expected time can be reduced to O(n log log 7) while still maintaining worst-case performance. erukpodia.orgivikiDetaunay triangulation a7 sata Dalounaytrang aton- Vikpoda he rx enecopata A divide and conquer paradigm to performing a triangulation in d dimensions is presented in "DeWall A fast divide and conquer Delaunay triangulation algorithm in E@" by P. Cignoni, C. Montani, R. Scopigno.] Divide and conquer has been shown to be the fastest DT generation technique.{!Il11] Sweepline Fortune's Algorithm uses a sweepline technique to achieve O(log 7) runtime in the planar case. Sweephull Sweephull 2] is a fast hybrid technique for 2D Delaunay triangulation that uses a radially propagating sweep-hull (sequentially created fiom the radially sorted set of 2D points, giving a non-overlapping triangulation), paired with a final iterative triangle fiipping step. An accurate integer arithmetic variant of the algorithm is also presented. Empiical results indicate the algorithm runs in approximately half the time of Qhull, and fice implementations in C-++ and C# are available,!31 Applications The Euclidean minimum spanning tree ofa set of points is a subset of the Delaunay triangulation of the same points, and this can be exploited to compute it efliciently. For modelling terrain or other objects given a set of sample points, the Delaunay triangulation gives a nice set of triangles to use as polygons in the model. In particular, the Delaunay triangulation avoids narrow triangles (as they have large circumcircles compared to their area). See triangulated irregular network. Delaunay triangulations can be used to determine the density or intensity of points samplings by means of the DIFE. Delaunay triangulations are often used to buikl meshes for space- discretised solvers such as the finite element method and the finite volume method of physics simulation, because of the angle guarantee and because fast triangulation algorithms have been developed. Typically, the domain to be meshed is specified as a coarse simplicial complex; for the mesh to be numerically stable, it must be refined, for instance by using Ruppert’s algorithm. The increasing popularity of finite element method and boundary clement method techniques increases the incentive to improve automatic meshing algorithms, However, all of these algorithms can create distorted and even unusable grid elements, Fortunately, several techniques exist which can take an existing mesh and improve its quality. For example, smoothing (alo referred to as mesh refinement) is one such method, which repositions nodal The Delaunay triangulation of «random set locations so as to minimize element distortion, The stretched grid of 100 points in a plane. method allows the generation of pscudo-regular meshes that meet the Delaunay criteria easily and quickly in a one-step solution. erukpodia.orgivikiDetaunay triangulation ST spas DDeauay trang lation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia See also Re Beta skeleton Constrained Delaunay triangulation Delaunay tessellation field estimator Gabriel graph Gradient pattem analysis Pitteway triangulation Urquhart graph Voronoi diagram Convex hull algorithms Quasitriangulation ferences 1. *B. Delaunay: Sur la sphére vide, Izvestia Akademii Nauk SSSR, Otdelenie Matematicheskikh i Estestvennykh 2. 10. ul 12. 13, Ext erukpodia.orgivikiDetaunay triangulation Nauk, 7:793-800, 1934 »@6 ede Berg, Mark; Otfried Cheong, Mate van Kreveld, Mark Overmars (2008). Computational Geometry. Algorithms and Applications (http://www s.uu.nl/geobook/interpolation.pdf). Springer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-540- 77973-5. * Seidel, R. (1995). "The upper bound theorem for polytopes: an easy proof of its asymptotic version” (httpy/www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=Article URL&_ud=B6T YS-3YVD096- C&_user=108429&_coverDate-09%2F30%2F 1995& _tdoc—1& _fmt-high& orig~search&_origin-search8&_sort d& docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000059713&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=108429&md5=7024159a39e d8ab2c6709025aa77dSdeasearchtype=a). Computational Geometry § (2): 115-116. dois10.1016/0925- 7721(95)00013-¥ (http://dx.doi orgy 10. 1016%2F0925-7721%2895%2900013-Y). * Guibas, Lenoidas; Stolfi, Jorge (1985-04-01). "Primitives for the manipulation of general subdivisions and the computation of Voronoi" (http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfim?id=282923). ACM. p. 107. Retrieved 2009-08-01 * Guibas, L.; D. Knuth; M. Sharir (1992). "Randomized incremental construction of Delaunay and Voronoi diagrams" (http://www springerlink.com/content/p8377h68)8216860). Algorithmica 7: 381-413. doi:10.1007/BF01758770 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2FBFO1758770) * Edelsbrunner, Herbert; Nimish Shah (1996). "Incremental Topological Flipping Works for Regular Triangulations” (http://www springerlink.com/content/4gdja72vx1qmg44x/? p=274909a339d9498cbfF326f08b084b4c&epi=1). Algorithmica 15 (3): 223-241. doi:10.1007/BF01975867 (htp:/dx.doi.org/10.1007%2FBF01975867). * Computing Constrained Delaunay Triangulations (http:/w ww. geom.uiue.edu/~samuelp/del_project. html) * Leach, G. (June 1992). Improving Worst-Case Optimal Delaunay Triangulation Algorithms... CiteSeerX: 10.1.1.56.2323 (http://citescerx. it. psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?do10.1.1.56.2323) * Cignoni, P.; C. Montani; R. Scopigno (1998). "DeWall A fast divide and conquer Delaunay triangulation algorithm in E®". Computer-Aided Design 30 (5): 333-341. dois10.1016/S0010-4485(97)00082~1 (hitp:/dx.doi.org/10,1016%2FS0010-4485%2897%2900082-1), * A Comparison of Sequential Delaunay Triangulation Algorithms http:/www.cs. berkeley. edu/~jrs/meshpapers/SuDrysdale. pdf * http:/www.cs.cmu.edu/~quake/tripaper/triangle2. html * Shull (http://www. s-hull.org/paper/s_hull. pdf) » httpy/www.s-hullorg! ternal links sata Dalounaytrang aton- Vikpoda he rx enecopata = Delaunay triangulation in CGAL, the Computational Geometry Algorithms Library: = Yvinec, Mariette, "2D Triangulation" (hitpz/www.cgal org/Pkg/Triangulation2). Retrieved April 2010. = Pion, Sylvain; Teillaud, Monique. "3D ‘Triangulations" (htp2/www.cgal org/Pkg/Triangulation3). Retrieved April 2010. = Hert, Susan; Seel, Michael. "dD Convex Hulls and Delaunay Triangulations" (httpséwww.cgal org/Pkg/ConvexHullD), Retrieved April 2010. * "Delaunay triangulation’ (http://mathworld. wolfiam.com/Delaunay Triangulation html). Wolfiam MathWorld. Retrieved April 2010. = "Qhull (hitpy/iwww.qhullorg). Retrieved April 2010. — Code for Convex Hull, Delaunay Triangulation, Voronoi Diagram, and HalfSpace Intersection = Shewchuk, Jonathan Richard, "Triangle" (https!'www.cs.cmu.edu~quake/triangle htm). Retrieved April 2010. — A Two-Dimensional Quality Mesh Generator and Delaunay Triangulator = Kumar, Piyush; Mohanty, Somya. "Triangle++" (httpy/www.compgeom.com’~piyush’scripts/triangle/). — A C++ wrapper on Triangle = "Poly2Tri" (httpy/code.google.com'p/poly2tti/). Google Code. Retrieved April 2010. — A sweepline Constrained Delaunay Triangulation (CDT) library, available in ActionScript 3, C, C++, C#, Go, Haxe, Java, Javascript, Python and Ruby Retrieved from "hitp//en. wikipedia. org/wlindex. php tite-Delaunay_triangulation&oldid-573685843" Categories: Triangulation (geometry) = This page was last modified on 19 September 2013 at 19.23. = Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution- ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark ofthe Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization. erukpodia.orgivikiDetaunay triangulation Ww

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