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    All About Seeds: Maiko Gil D. Hiwatig Trainer ACP NC I & II

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    Maiko Gil Hiwatig
    Seeds are the embryonic plant enclosed in a protective seed coat that contains stored food. They allow plants to reproduce and complete their lifecycle. Quality seeds with high germination rates are crucial for maximizing crop production. Factors like water, temperature, oxygen and light levels influence whether seeds will successfully germinate. Farmers can test seed germination using methods like the rag doll or petri dish techniques to check viability before planting. Different plant families like Solanaceae, Cucurbits, Graminae and Leguminosae each have characteristic seed types suited to their crops.

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    All About Seeds: Maiko Gil D. Hiwatig Trainer ACP NC I & II

    Uploaded by

    Maiko Gil Hiwatig
    136 views75 pages
    Seeds are the embryonic plant enclosed in a protective seed coat that contains stored food. They allow plants to reproduce and complete their lifecycle. Quality seeds with high germination rates are crucial for maximizing crop production. Factors like water, temperature, oxygen and light levels influence whether seeds will successfully germinate. Farmers can test seed germination using methods like the rag doll or petri dish techniques to check viability before planting. Different plant families like Solanaceae, Cucurbits, Graminae and Leguminosae each have characteristic seed types suited to their crops.

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    Seeds

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    Seeds are the embryonic plant enclosed in a protective seed coat that contains stored food. They allow plants to reproduce and complete their lifecycle. Quality seeds with high germination rates are crucial for maximizing crop production. Factors like water, temperature, oxygen and light levels influence whether seeds will successfully germinate. Farmers can test seed germination using methods like the rag doll or petri dish techniques to check viability before planting. Different plant families like Solanaceae, Cucurbits, Graminae and Leguminosae each have characteristic seed types suited to their crops.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    136 views75 pages

    All About Seeds: Maiko Gil D. Hiwatig Trainer ACP NC I & II

    Uploaded by

    Maiko Gil Hiwatig
    Seeds are the embryonic plant enclosed in a protective seed coat that contains stored food. They allow plants to reproduce and complete their lifecycle. Quality seeds with high germination rates are crucial for maximizing crop production. Factors like water, temperature, oxygen and light levels influence whether seeds will successfully germinate. Farmers can test seed germination using methods like the rag doll or petri dish techniques to check viability before planting. Different plant families like Solanaceae, Cucurbits, Graminae and Leguminosae each have characteristic seed types suited to their crops.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 75

    All about Seeds

    Maiko Gil D. Hiwatig


    Trainer ACP NC I & II
    Learning Objectives:
    ❑Identify the quality of a good seeds.
    ❑Identify factors affecting seed
    germination.
    ❑Differentiate OPV seeds and Hybrid Seeds
    ❑Conduct germination test of different
    seeds.
    Dormancy - alive but not actively
    Definition growing.
    of Terms Pollination - the process in which
    pollen is taken from one plant or part
    of a plant to another so that new
    plant seeds can be produced

    Imbibition – absorption of water by seeds or plants


    Do you
    know me?
    What is seed?
    A seed is a small
    embryonic plant
    enclosed in a covering
    called the seed coat,
    usually with some
    stored food.
    What is seed?
    The formation of the
    seed completes the
    process of reproduction
    in plants (started with
    the development of
    flowers and pollination)
    Open-Pollinated Variety (OPV)

    self-pollinate, or are pollinated by another


    representative of the same variety, seeds will
    produce plants roughly identical to their parents.
    Open-Pollinated Variety (OPV)
    Open-Pollinated Variety
    • Seed can be use as planting material
    • Cheaper seed for planting
    • Only Open Pollinated Seed can be Reliably
    Saved
    Hybrid

    Product of human intervention through


    cross pollination
    Hybrid F1
    Hybrid F1
    • Extremely uniform
    • High Vigor (Physical Health and Good Health)
    • Adapt immediately to changes in variety
    requirements
    • Offers greater disease or insect resistance
    Hybrid F1
    Disadvantages of Hybrid F1
    • Do not perform well under low input farming
    • Hybrid seeds are expensive.
    • Seeds of cannot be used as planting material
    GMO Seeds

    Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are organisms that have had their DNA altered
    through human intervention. There is no doubt that “improving” on nature can benefit
    the food supply in a number of ways in the short term, but there is much
    debate about the long-term effects of genetically altering seeds.
    Why seed is important
    in Crop Production?
    • Quality seeds, improved
    crop varieties is the lowest
    cost major input for
    increasing crop
    production.
    • Determines the maximum
    limit of crop production.
    Why seed is important
    in Crop Production?
    • No agricultural practice
    i.e. fertilization, irrigation,
    spraying and other
    cultural practices can
    improve crop production
    beyond the limit set by
    the seed.
    Quality of a Good Seed

    High Good shape, size,


    color etc., according Free from pest
    Germination to the specification
    Rate and disease
    of variety

    High vigor
    (physical health Rapid Growth
    and good health)
    Not sure about
    your Seed? Why
    not try these
    trusted seed
    companies:
    What is seed
    Germination?

    The development of a plant from


    a seed after a period of
    dormancy.
    Factors
    Affecting Seed
    Germination
    Water (Tubig)
    Imbibition is the first step
    in seed germination
    WATER is the most important
    factor in seed germination;
    Adequate continuous supply
    of water is necessary for
    complete emergence.
    Light is another key germination
    factor; Some crops have a
    requirement for light to assist seed
    germination Example is Grand
    Rapid Lettuce
    Others germinate best in the
    dark; You can achieve darkness by
    covering the seed with soil.

    LIGHT OR DARKNESS
    Oxygen
    If oxygen supply is limited
    during germination, emergence
    may not occur due to inhibited
    growth.
    Seedbeds that are over-watered
    or poorly drained will cause the
    oxygen supply to become
    limited
    Temperature
    Generally the temperature
    for germination correlates
    to the temperature
    needed for successful
    plant growth.
    Methods of
    Breaking Seed
    Dormancy
    Scarification -
    breaks through
    the seed coat by
    nicking it with a
    sharp knife or
    scratch it with
    sandpaper.
    Water - Soaking seeds in
    water overnight softens a
    hard seed coat enough to
    allow moisture inside so
    that the seed can
    germinate.
    Example of Seeds are:
    Beans, Corn, Kalabasa,
    Ampalaya, Sunflower etc..
    How long: 8 – 12 Hours
    Too much soaking of seeds will result to rot (mabulok)
    It reduces the germination time up to 50%
    Let ‘s Test
    Germination Rate of
    seeds!!
    Formula for Computing
    Seed Germination Rate:
    No. of Seeds Germinated x 100
    % Germination = Total No. of Seeds
    Methods of
    Testing Seed
    Germination
    Rag doll method - testing seeds using a towel.
    STEPS

    Get a firm
    towel Wet the towel Prepare the Lay the wet
    and allow free seeds towel flat.
    water to drip
    off for a minute.
    Rag doll method - testing seeds using a towel.
    STEPS

    Place 100 seeds Spray water 2x


    Use a bamboo
    in towel a day to keep
    stick and roll the
    towel moisture
    Rag doll method - testing seeds using a towel.
    STEPS

    Open the towel Count the Use the formula


    after 3 days number of for computing
    seeds the germination
    germinated rate
    Petri dish method - testing seeds using a petri dish and tissue.
    STEPS

    Get a petri dish Prepare tissue Cut the tissue Put some water
    or kitchen and place it in
    tissue the petri dish
    Petri dish method - testing seeds using a petri dish and tissue.
    STEPS

    Place the seeds Count the Use the formula


    and add a germinated for computing
    moist tissue seeds after 3 the germination
    days rate
    Group Question:
    What are the advantages
    of testing your seeds
    before using it?
    Vegetable Family
    and Seeds
    Solanaceous Family or
    Tomato Family
    (Warm Season Crops)
    Eggplant (Talong)
    Chili Pepper (Sili)
    Tomato (Kamatis)
    Cucurbits Family or
    Gourd Family
    (Vine Crops)
    Bottle Gourd (Upo)
    Melon
    Squash (Kalabasa)
    Gourd (Ampalaya)
    Patola
    Cucumber (Pipino)
    Graminae Family or Grass/
    Grain Family Family
    (High Feeder Crops)
    Rice (Palay)
    Corn (Mais)
    Asteraceae Family or
    Aster/ Sunflower Family
    Lettuce
    Sunflower
    Crucifers Family/
    Cabbage Family
    (Cool Season Crops)
    Cabbage (Repolyo)
    Cauliflower
    Pechay
    Mustard (Mustasa)
    Radish (Labanos)
    Legumenosae Family
    Bean or Legume Family
    (High Giver Crops)
    Sitaw/ Sitao
    Mung Bean (Mungo)
    Peanut (Mani)
    Malvaceae Family
    Hibiscus or Mallow Family
    Warm Season Crops
    Okra
    Convulvulaceae Family
    Kangkong
    Apiaceae Family
    Carrot or Parsley Family
    Cool Season Crops
    Carrot
    Parsley
    Caricaceae Family
    Papaya Family

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