Yearbook 2021

YEARBOOK 2021
Academic Research
KAU has the largest number of research and
research excellence centers in various fields in
Saudi universities.

QS Yearbook 2021
QS World University Rankings 2021 Yearbook

Published by QS Quacquarelli Symonds Limited.
1 Tranley Mews, Fleet Road, London NW3 2DG United Kingdom qs.com
2nd edition, May 2021
Copyright © QS Quacquarelli Symonds Limited 2021

All rights reserved.
The entire content of this publication is protected by international copyright. No part of

it may be copied or reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form,
without the prior written permission of the publisher.
For permission, please write to Monica Hornung Cattan [email protected]
Acknowledgements
QS would like to thank the advertisers in this edition, the main editorial contributors,
and the many other QS and external colleagues who have contributed, particularly
including the QS Intelligence Unit team behind the QS World University Rankings®:
Ben Sowter, Jason Newman, Leigh Kamolins, Monica Hornung Cattan, Anton John
Crace, Sarah Ain Arbain, Samuel Ang, Madalina Ardeleanu, Amity Bacon, Om Bajpai,
Effie Chen, Alloysius Ching, E Way Chong, Gabriel da Costa, Dmytro Filchenko, Raluca
Grigorescu, Ludovic Highman, Elena Ilie, Roxana Ionica, Omkar Joshi, Daniel Kahn,
Andrew MacFarlane, Henna Mansuri, Juan Carlos Mejia Cuartas, Niamh Ollerton,
Kuldeep Reddy, Jesus Rosario, Shiloh Rose, Saif Shaikh, Rashmi Sharma, Khushboo
Singh, Padmashree Sorate, Violeta Surugiu, Vineet Thakur, Ken Trinh, Simran Uklekar,
Samuel Wong, Jia Ying Wong, Yuh Ming Yap
Thanks also to Martin Ince, and John O’Leary.
Cover design: David Myers
Notes on data and tables
Every effort has been made to ensure that information contained in this book is
accurate. However, with the volume of data, the authors cannot give a total guarantee.
The publisher sincerely regrets any inaccuracies and is most grateful for them to be
brought to its attention. Further, limited page space, translation, and the need for
stylistic editing means that some university names have had to be abbreviated (e.g.
University = Uni, Technology = Tech etc). Please always refer to universities directly to
confirm full and correct names. In addition, where universities are ranked in bands - e.g.
151 – 200 - a broad alphabetical approach has been taken based on a selected key word
in a name; the banded list does not therefore imply at all that the institution in 200th
spot is of any lower ranking than that in 151st. The publisher realises that sometimes
that selected key word may differ from that the university or business school might,
itself, have selected and which could potentially have given it a different position in the
presented band list.
For the most complete and up to date data for all QS Rankings, please see
topuniversities.com and topmba.com
2
QS Yearbook 2021
Contents
Foreword 9 Life Sciences & Medicine 156

Introduction 10 Stepping into Tomorrow:
The direction of medical
World University education 158
Rankings 2021 13
Natural Sciences 168
Hindsight is... 14
Space Science 171
Student Recruitment Events
Go Virtual 32 Social Sciences & Management 180
Methodology 50 MBA and Business Masters 195
A World of Reimagination 54 Faraway Home 196
Regional Rankings 59 Global MBA 200
Asia 60 Masters in Business Analytics 206
Japan 61 Masters in Finance 207
Emerging Europe & Central Asia 80 Masters in Management 208
Looking Outward 81 Masters in Marketing 209
Latin America 96 Masters in Supply Chain
Management 210
Mexican Higher Education
at a Crossroads 97 Entrepreneurship during
COVID-19 212
The Arab Region 112
QS Stars Ratings 217
Innovative Arab Region 113
Advertisers 240
USA Ranking 124
USA Overview 125 Contributors IBC
Subject Rankings 135

Subject Overview 136
Arts & Humanities 138
Engineering & Technology 148
5
QS Yearbook 2021 QS Yearbook 2021
6 7
Foreword
by Monica Hornung Cattan
Welcome to the QS 2021 Yearbook.
My QS colleagues and I are proud to present the second edition of this annual
publication. You will notice since the last edition, there have been several
changes within this volume of Rankings that we are pleased to present to you.
In the first edition, we sought to make the Yearbook an almanac of all QS

Rankings from the preceding cycle. During the 2021 cycle of Rankings, QS’
conferences went entirely online, allowing us to reach and hear from new and
unique voices from around the world on their views of education. In total, we had
almost 7,000 delegates from across the globe, and hundreds more speakers
contribute, to our conferences. In the second edition, we have transformed the
Yearbook again, and have included a handful of those voices to complement
the Rankings data and paint a picture of the time of their release.
Outside the Yearbook, there have been many changes underway at QS. We
recently launched the new brand which will further transform the way we
provide you with the data and insights you need for your educational decision-
making. Importantly, for me, we have also transformed the scope of content and
its purpose to make the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals a central pillar
driving our conversations with the higher education and international education
sectors. Sustainability has been a key theme of our conferences and publications,
and we are dedicated to keeping those discussions moving forwards for the
betterment of all. In this way, I am excited for upcoming announcements around
QS’ rankings and how they relate to SDGs.
Finally, in the first edition, we noted the Yearbook was being released in a period
of uncertainty, but equally a time of opportunity. The message QS received
from students through its International Student Survey during that time was
that they are ‘deferred not deterred’. This is still the case, and with the many
vaccines becoming more and more available, the latest survey sees growing
hope for settling on a new normal sooner rather than later.
I hope the second edition finds you in a period of increased certainty and drive,
as we work toward building a more equitable and sustainable future.
9
Introduction
by Anton John Crace
Those who have attended QS’ conferences since the 2020 Yearbook, when To provide some qualitative understanding of the sector, interspersed
they went virtual for obvious travel restriction reasons, or have been regular throughout this book are articles published alongside the Rankings and within
readers of both the Higher Education Reports covering the Rankings and QS QS-GEN. They include country and region trends, expert opinion on the past,
Global Education News (QS-GEN), may have noticed they have gone to great present, and future of higher education, and overviews of the discussion points
lengths to avoid making the unavoidable, COVID-19, the central focus of their of QS’ conference which, often, marked the launch of a Ranking.
themes and content.
By including qualitative data alongside the more rigid quantitative, the Yearbook
The reasons behind this decision are both simple and complex. The intention not only considers the 2021 Rankings and Stars, but also provides some colour
of the annual conferences, such as APPLE, MAPLE, the EduData Summit, and to the period in which they were released.
Reimagine Education, has been focussed on the future: where does higher
education want to go and how does it get there. Likewise, QS-GEN and the In both cases, it should be said, this publication provides an incomplete picture.
Higher Education reports provide a background on the circumstances of current
The Rankings within the Yearbook are limited only to overall scores and do
trends, with a view to inform future decisions.
not provide information on the metrics of each institution. It’s important to
As many of the speakers and contributors of the conferences and publications understand this point, as while one university may have a higher overall rank,
have observed, as well as delegates and readers, COVID-19 hasn’t set the another may outperform it in an area such as internationalisation, employer
agenda of higher education as much as it has added further complexity to it. reputation, or research. Depending on what an individual may be looking for,
Moves towards online and digital education, for example, were well underway their best university may be more associated with an individual metric score, or
prior to the pandemic, but were accelerated by its onset. collection of scores.
It was perhaps put best by former Director-General of UNESCO, Irina Bokova, At the same, by virtue of the Yearbook’s length, the articles within are excerpts
who told APPLE delegates: “I think now with COVID-19, we are bound to make or abridged versions of the original pieces that appeared in earlier publications.
an even bigger push, an important commitment once again to sustainable The ten or so Higher Education Reports and QS-GENs released since the 2020
development.” Yearbook include many more articles, op-eds, case studies, and interviews than
could be included here. For the voices that were included in this volume, there
The aim of the 2020 conferences, and the 2020/2021 publications, likewise, has were equally thousands more speakers and delegates, across the conferences
been to inform higher education stakeholders within the context of the times to and In Conversation LIVE sessions and podcasts that were not.
help them work towards a shared future. The pandemic is the context, not the
theme. I encourage you to visit topuniversities.com and topmba.com for more
information on the metric scores of the Rankings, and visit qs.com to access the
At the intersection of what has happened, what is happening, and what may Higher Education Reports and QS-GEN. QS’ content is also not limited to these
happen in the future sits the 2021 QS Yearbook. publications, and I also recommend visiting all three sites for further articles on
topics such as teaching, research, and learning.
Marking the end of the Rankings cycle for 2021, included here are the many
Rankings undertaken throughout this period. They include the World University Like the rest of the higher education sector, the Rankings do not and have
Rankings, the regional and subject focussed Rankings, and the MBA and not ever existed in a vacuum. We hope the 2021 QS Yearbook will be a quick
Business Masters. Stars Ratings are also included. reference document for you to not only look back on the overall positions of
the world’s universities, but also to reflect on the context in which they were
The figures alone, however, only tell one very broad, quantitative story. released.
10 11
QS World University Rankings
Hindsight is... 14
Student Recruitment Events Go Virtual 32
Methodology 50
A World of Reimagination 54
13
World University Rankings 2021 World University Rankings 2021
Hindsight is...
By Anton John Crace
The swiftness of change in 2020 caught almost

everyone by surprise and created upheaval with the
education space.
Not only were educators and students required to

continuously rethink and remake plans for the future,
but they also found themselves having to make quick
adaptations and find fast solutions for the past. For
the first time on a global scale, 2020 became a year
of reactionary thinking.
While a time of reflection, it was also, for some, a new

“[We] need period of teaching and learning. For others, it was a
to bring more time to reconsider partnerships and connections, and
resilience to recontextualise the education ecosystem to benefit
the education all stakeholders. A monumental time in history, 2020
system.” may also turn out to be a watershed moment for
education.
For Irina Bokova, former Director-General of

UNESCO, 2020 and COVID-19 were accelerants in
addressing pre-existing challenges.
“I think now with COVID-19, we are bound to make

an even bigger push, an important commitment once
again to sustainable development,” she tells QS.
At the heart of this push, Bokova says, is a

reinforced effort to implement the UN Sustainable
Development Goal Four, on inclusive and equitable
quality education and lifelong learning opportunities
for all.
Looking forward, she believes education will be a

cornerstone of the recovery post-pandemic. Bokova
adds educators should reflect and learn from the
work undertaken in order to improve for the future.
14 15
“A lot of innovation has been brought into [education because of the pandemic], He says the belief that students, products of a “post-social media world”, are
and we have to look at the good examples; what works and how we can leverage automatically capable of utilizing online education tools is a myth, and instead,
and scale some of these important innovation forms,” she says. “whilst they’ve got some digital skills, it’s not necessarily those that they need
to be successful in their modern university experience”.
“One of the lessons learnt is the need to bring more resilience to the education
system. We need to support the teachers and educators, and to create all the Associate Professor of English Language and Translation at the University
necessary learning content.” of Catania in Italy, Douglas Ponton, however, says 2020 led to an uptake
of traditional teaching methods which may be undoing progress in other
Hearteningly, Bokova tells QS, as well as serving as a testing ground for future pedagogical methods.
pedagogies, 2020 also saw improved unity among stakeholders, at both a
national and international level, a development she hopes will continue. In particular, the limitations around online education, such as connectivity,
unfamiliarity with online tools, and the use of platforms unsuited or not
“COVID is bringing [us together], although while physically we may not be with specifically designed for teaching, on top of the stress of COVID-gogy, has
each other very often, but there is a lot of sense of solidarity, of empathy, and a encouraged some educators to revert back to more traditional methods of
need to solve problems among civil society, among different groups,” she says. teaching.
“We need to cherish this and to build on that.” “Much of the time I’m sitting looking at my computer, not at human faces,
because if all the students had their cameras on, there would be connection
The immediate rush in the first half of 2020 to go online was not without its
issues. I find myself doing most of the talking,” he says.
drawbacks, however.
“Thanks to COVID, we have all returned to the “jug and mug” days, with the
Research Fellow at The Open University’s Knowledge Media Institute, Dr Giota
teacher at the centre and students in mainly passive learning roles.”
Alevizou, coined the term “COVID-gogy”.
According to Associate Professor Ponton, this older method is particularly
She tells QS the period saw a “sheer accumulation of lots of online resources
problematic in specialist areas, such as language learning, as they benefit more
and the sheer aspirational urgency from many educational institutional... to just
from creating an environment that allows a student to flourish rather than direct,
offer what they could through social media and digital media to educate the
“brick-by-brick” instruction.
masses during the pandemic at the drop of a hat”.
His views, however, do not preclude the use of technology or other advancements
The side effects of a rapid move towards COVID-gogy, Dr Alevizou continues,
within the delivery of education, but instead point to the need to advance
saw students, teachers, and other stakeholders experiencing mental fatigue
teaching through whatever means are available.
and burn-out.
While an experiment in virtual education, 2020 should also be viewed as a
Likewise, Professor David Maguire, Interim Principal and Vice-Chancellor at
period in which subjects and methods are identified as unsuitable for wholly
the University of Dundee in the UK and chair of education and research digital
online delivery, and a time upon which to reflect and further broaden teaching
solutions provider Jisc, notes both students and educators are at times without
for the benefit of educators and students.
the requisite skills for online teaching.
16 17
“What I’m trying to get at,” he says, “is the necessity
at this particular time to rediscover perhaps what is
central to our understanding of the word education
“Much of the in order that it should not be lost in the organisations
time I’m sitting and the adaptations that the new realities are likely
looking at my to impose.”
computer, not at
Sarah Toms, Executive Director of technology
human faces.”
focussed Wharton Interactive out of the Wharton
School of the University of Pennsylvania in the US,
seconds Associate Professor Ponton’s position,
saying there should be a focus on delivering quality
and value to students.
“I don’t think we should be immediately reaching for

the solution, and saying technology is going to be
the hammer for every nail,” she says.
“We have a lot of opportunity coming out of this

pandemic where we can really think about what a
degree means.”
Rather than overhauling the campus, Toms says

the future is “rooted in ideas”. 2020 marks a period
in time that should encourage educators to take a
step back and be smarter about the entire education
ecosystem, she says.
In doing so, however, Toms challenges all stakeholders

to keep central the most important aspect of
education.
“Can we get more personal for the students and can

we provide more value?”
The full version of this abridged article first appeared

in QS-GEN 3, February 2021.
18 19
2021 2020 Institution Name Overall 2021 2020 Institution Name Overall
1 1 n Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) US 100.0 51 48 i Carnegie Mellon University US 73.4
2 2 n Stanford University US 98.4 52 53 h Université PSL (Paris Sciences & Lettres) FR 73.3
3 3 n Harvard University US 97.9 53 54 h Zhejiang University CN 71.9
4 5 h California Institute of Technology (Caltech) US 97.0 54 45 i University of California, San Diego (UCSD) US 71.2
5 4 i University of Oxford UK 96.7 55 58= h Monash University AU 70.9
6 6 n ETH Zurich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology) CH 95.0 56 58= h Tokyo Institute of Technology JP 70.8
7 7 n University of Cambridge UK 94.3 57 50 i Delft University of Technology NL 70.7
8 9 h Imperial College London UK 93.6 58 49 i University of Bristol UK 70.6
9 10 h University of Chicago US 93.1 59 70 h Universiti Malaya (UM) MY 70.1
10 8 i UCL (University College London) UK 92.9 60 57 i Brown University US 70.0
11 11= n National University of Singapore (NUS) SG 91.5 61= 60= i Ecole Polytechnique FR 69.9
12 13 h Princeton University US 91.0 61 64 h University of Amsterdam NL 69.9
13 11= i Nanyang Technological University (NTU) SG 89.9 62 62 n The University of Warwick UK 69.0
14 18= h Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) CH 89.6 63 63 n Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München DE 68.9
15 16 h Tsinghua University CN 89.2 64 66 h Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg DE 68.6
16 15 i University of Pennsylvania US 88.6 65 56 i University of Wisconsin-Madison US 68.2
18 14 i Cornell University US 87.6 66= 69 h National Taiwan University (NTU) TW 67.5
17 17 n Yale University US 88.0 66= 74 h Universidad de Buenos Aires AR 67.5
19 18= i Columbia University US 86.5 69= 83 h Korea University KR 67.1
20 20 n University of Edinburgh UK 85.8 69= 76 h University of Zurich CH 67.1
21 21 n University of Michigan-Ann Arbor US 84.6 71 65 i University of Texas at Austin US 66.7
22 25= h University of Hong Kong (HKU) HK 83.7 72= 71 i Osaka University JP 66.1
23 22= i Peking University CN 83.5 72= 68 i University of Washington US 66.1
24 22= i The University of Tokyo JP 83.2 74 84 h Lomonosov Moscow State University RU 65.9
25= 24 i Johns Hopkins University US 82.7 75 91 h The Hong Kong Polytechnic University HK 65.8
25= 29= h University of Toronto CA 82.7 76 81 h University of Copenhagen DK 65.5
27= 32 h The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) HK 82.1 77= 87 h Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) KR 64.6
27= 27 n The University of Manchester UK 82.1 77= 67 i University of Glasgow UK 64.6
29 31 h Northwestern University US 81.5 79 82 h Tohoku University JP 64.3
30 28 i University of California, Berkeley (UCB) US 80.8 80 72= i Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech) US 64.1
31= 29= i Australian National University (ANU) AU 80.0 81 83= h The University of Auckland NZ 64.0
31= 33= h King's College London (KCL) UK 80.0 82 75 i University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign US 63.4
31= 35= h McGill University CA 80.0 83 77 i Sorbonne University FR 63.3
34 40 h Fudan University CN 79.9 84 80 i Katholieke Universiteit Leuven BE 63.0
35 39 h New York University (NYU) US 79.4 85 104= h Yonsei University KR 62.5
36 35= i University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) US 79.2 86 78= i Durham University UK 62.2
37 37 n Seoul National University (SNU) KR 79.0 87 81 i University of Birmingham UK 62.0
38 33= i Kyoto University JP 78.9 88 95 h Sungkyunkwan University KR 61.5
39 41 h KAIST - Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology KR 78.6 89 85 i Rice University US 61.4
40 42 h The University of Sydney AU 77.1 90 97 h University of Southampton UK 61.3
41 38 i The University of Melbourne AU 76.5 91 93= h University of Leeds UK 61.2
42 25= i Duke University US 76.4 92 86 i The University of Western Australia (UWA) AU 61.0
43 46 h The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) HK 75.8 93= 78= i The University of Sheffield UK 60.8
44 43 i The University of New South Wales (UNSW) AU 75.4 93= 89 i University of Science and Technology of China CN 60.8
45 51 h University of British Columbia CA 74.8 95 90 i University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill US 60.6
46 47 h The University of Queensland (UQ) AU 74.5 96 100 h University of St Andrews UK 60.3
47 60= h Shanghai Jiao Tong University CN 74.4 97 92 i Lund University SE 60.2
48 52 h City University of Hong Kong HK 74.3 98 98= n KTH, Royal Institute of Technology SE 59.5
49 44 i London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) UK 73.9 99 96 i The University of Nottingham UK 59.0
50 55 h Technische Universität München DE 73.6 100 103 h Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) MX 58.8
20 21
101= 93= i Pennsylvania State University US 58.4 150= 148 i University of York UK 50.3
101= 108= h Trinity College Dublin (TCD) IE 58.4 152= 146 i Newcastle University UK 50.2
103 112 h Technical University of Denmark DK 57.9 152= 135 i University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) US 50.2
104 107 h University of Helsinki FI 57.6 152= 136 i University of Maryland, College Park US 50.2
105 108= h Washington University in St. Louis US 56.9 155 158 h Tecnológico de Monterrey (ITESM) MX 49.9
106= 106 n The University of Adelaide AU 56.8 156 140= i University of Pittsburgh US 49.7
106= 110 h University of Geneva CH 56.8 157 144 i Michigan State University US 49.6
108 101 i Ohio State University US 56.4 158 156= i Emory University US 49.1
109 111 h Purdue University US 55.9 159 154= i Cardiff University UK 48.5
110= 98= i Boston University US 55.8 160 177= h Università di Bologna (UNIBO) IT 48.2
110= 115 h Nagoya University JP 55.8 161 160= i Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon FR 48.1
112 104= i University of California, Davis (UCD) US 55.3 162= 167 h Case Western Reserve University US 47.4
113 119 h University of Oslo NO 55.2 162= 167= h University of Florida US 47.4
114 126 h Queen Mary University of London (QMUL) UK 55.1 164 163= i University of Exeter UK 47.2
114 123 h University of Bern CH 54.9 165 207= h Al-Farabi Kazakh National University KZ 46.9
115= 116= h Universidade de São Paulo (USP) BR 54.8 166= 170= h University of Rochester US 46.8
115= 125 h Wageningen University NL 54.8 166= 173= h University of Waterloo CA 46.8
117 120= h Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin DE 54.5 168 173= h National Tsing Hua University TW 46.4
118 137 h Université de Montréal CA 54.3 169= 189= h Texas A&M University US 46.2
119 113 i University of Alberta CA 54.0 169= 153 i University of Lausanne CH 46.2
120 102 i Eindhoven University of Technology NL 53.9 171 203 h Sapienza - Università di Roma IT 46.1
121= 127 h Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile CL 53.8 172 152 i Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IITB) IN 46.0
121= 129 h University of Southern California US 53.8 173= 179= h Technische Universität Dresden DE 45.9
121= 120= i Utrecht University NL 53.8 173= 172 i University of Bath UK 45.9
124= 132= h Kyushu University JP 53.7 175= 169= i Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen DE 45.8
124= 120= i Nanjing University CN 53.7 175= 169= i Universität Freiburg DE 45.8
124= 116= i Uppsala University SE 53.7 177= 162 i Hebrew University of Jerusalem IL 45.7
127 134 h Aalto University FI 53.6 177= 185 h University College Dublin (UCD) IE 45.7
128= 118 i Leiden University NL 53.4 177= 156= i University of Minnesota Twin Cities US 45.7
128= 114 i University of Groningen NL 53.4 180 189= h Universidad de Chile CL 45.6
130 130= n Freie Universität Berlin DE 53.2 181= 191 h Stockholm University SE 45.5
131 124 i KIT, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie DE 52.9 181= 181 n University of Liverpool UK 45.5
132 159 h Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) MY 52.7 183 165= i Universitat de Barcelona (UB) ES 45.4
133= 140= h University of Technology Sydney (UTS) AU 52.6 184 176 i University of Otago NZ 45.3
135= 128 i Lancaster University UK 52.5 185 184 i Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Bangalore IN 44.9
135= 130= i University of Ghent BE 52.5 186 200= h King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM) SA 44.7
137 149 h Politecnico di Milano IT 52.4 187= 217= h Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) MY 44.2
138 139 h CentraleSupélec FR 52.3 187= 200= h Vanderbilt University US 44.2
139= 125= i Chalmers University of Technology SE 52.2 189= 167= i Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL) BE 44.1
139= 132= i Hokkaido University JP 52.2 189= 202 h Waseda University JP 44.1
141 160= h Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) MY 52.0 191= 200= h Keio University JP 44.0
142 165= h Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) MY 51.9 191= 192= h Technische Universität Wien AT 44.0
143 186= h King Abdul Aziz University (KAU) SA 51.7 193 182 i Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IITD) IN 43.9
144 140= i McMaster University CA 51.5 194 163= i University of Bergen NO 43.4
145 138 i Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen DE 51.4 195 197 h Georg-August-Universität Göttingen DE 43.3
146 150 h Hanyang University KR 51.3 196 212= h University of Wollongong AU 43.2
147 145 i Aarhus University DK 51.0 197= 183 i Erasmus University Rotterdam NL 43.1
148 147 i Technische Universität Berlin DE 50.8 197= 207= h University of Newcastle AU 43.1
149 151 h University of Basel CH 50.6 197= 186= i University of Twente NL 43.1
150= 154= h Universität Wien AT 50.3 200= 192= i Universidad Autónoma de Madrid ES 42.8
22 23
2021 2020 Institution Name Overall

200= 195 i Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) BE 42.8
202 256 h University of Gothenburg SE 42.7
203= 207= h Dartmouth College US 42.6
203= 211 h Western University CA 42.6
205 205 n University of Reading UK 42.3
206 212= h Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM) ES 41.9
207 194 i University of Aberdeen UK 41.8
208 247= h Chulalongkorn University TH 41.6
209 173= i Queen's University of Belfast UK 41.5
210 219= h University of California, Irvine (UCI) US 41.4
211= 268= h Khalifa University AE 41.2
211= 210 i University of Notre Dame US 41.2
213 188 i Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona ES 40.9
214= 237 h Macquarie University AU 40.8
214= 217= h Radboud University Nijmegen NL 40.8
216 234= h Università degli Studi di Padova (UNIPD) IT 40.6
217= 230 h Curtin University AU 40.5
217= 224 h Queensland University of Technology (QUT) AU 40.5
217= 198= i University of Virginia US 40.5
220= 244 h American University of Beirut (AUB) LB 40.4
220= 215= i Arizona State University US 40.4
220= 198= i University of Cape Town ZA 40.4
223= 238 h RMIT University AU 40.0
223= 215= i Victoria University of Wellington NZ 40.0
225 234= h Saint-Petersburg State University RU 39.9
226 222 i Loughborough University UK 39.7
227 234= h Universidad de Los Andes Colombia CO 39.6
228= 231= h Novosibirsk State University RU 39.4
228= 227= i Universität Hamburg DE 39.4
230= 226 i Georgetown University US 39.3
230= 219= i Tel Aviv University IL 39.3
230= 206 i University of Colorado at Boulder US 39.3
233 214 i Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp) BR 39.2
234= 239= h Maastricht University NL 38.9
234= 225 i National Cheng Kung University TW 38.9
236= 247= h Kyung Hee University KR 38.8
236= 219= i Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam NL 38.8
238= 259 h National University of Ireland, Galway (NUIG) IE 38.3
238= 223 i University of Antwerp BE 38.3
240= 227= i National Chiao Tung University TW 38.2
240= 243 h Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn DE 38.2
242= 250 h Ecole des Ponts ParisTech FR 38.1
242= 242 n Sciences Po Paris FR 38.1
242= 239= i University of Leicester UK 38.1
245 276 h Qatar University QA 37.9
246= 239= i Queen's University CA 37.8
246= 233 i University of Calgary CA 37.8
246= 246 n University of Sussex UK 37.8
246= 257= h Wuhan University CN 37.8
250= 268= h Tomsk State University RU 37.7
24 25
250= 251= h Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) BE 37.7 301= 314= h Heriot-Watt University UK 34.2
252= 314= h Mahidol University TH 37.5 301= 302= h Università degli Studi di Milano IT 34.2
252= 245 i Universidad de Navarra ES 37.5 303= 320= h Griffith University AU 34.1
254= 320= h Universitas Gadjah Mada ID 37.4 303= 307 h Xi'an Jiaotong University CN 34.1
254= 298= h Universiti Brunei Darussalam (UBD) BN 37.4 305= 324= h Aalborg University DK 34.0
256= 265 h Tongji University CN 37.2 305= 262= i Paris-Saclay University FR 34.0
256= 231= i University of Illinois, Chicago (UIC) US 37.2 305= 296= i University of Indonesia ID 34.0
258 262= h Rutgers - The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick US 37.0 307 314= h Universität Mannheim DE 33.7
259 253= i Universidad Nacional de Colombia CO 36.9 308= 348 h Politecnico di Torino IT 33.5
260= 291= h Charles University CZ 36.7 308= 291= i Royal Holloway University of London UK 33.5
260= 277= h Harbin Institute of Technology CN 36.7 308= 291= i University of Tasmania AU 33.5
260= 253= i Tufts University US 36.7 311= 298= i Universidad Carlos III de Madrid ES 33.4
263 287= h Sun Yat-sen University CN 36.4 311= 291= i Universität Frankfurt am Main DE 33.4
264 261 i Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU) HK 36.3 313 331= h Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB) ID 33.3
265= 266= h Universität Innsbruck AT 36.2 314= 281= i Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IITKGP) IN 33.2
265= 270 h University of Tsukuba JP 36.2 314= 329= h National Research Nuclear University "MEPhI" RU 33.2
267= 251= i National Taiwan University of Science and Technology TW 36.0 314= 300 i Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya ES 33.2
267= 260 i Technische Universität Darmstadt DE 36.0 317= 351= h Belarus State University BY 33.0
267= 274= h University of Surrey UK 36.0 317= 319 h Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg DE 33.0
270= 227= i University of Canterbury NZ 35.9 319 302= i University of Dundee UK 32.9
270= 305= h University of Massachusetts, Amherst US 35.9 320 312= i Indiana University Bloomington US 32.6
272 287= h Massey University NZ 35.8 321= 334 h Hiroshima University JP 32.3
273= new Universitö della Svizzera italiana CH 35.6 321= 349= h University of Warsaw PL 32.3
273= 262= i University of Arizona US 35.6 323= 314= i Simon Fraser University CA 32.1
275= 271= i Deakin University AU 35.5 323= new Southern University of Science and Technology CN 32.1
275= 271= i Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IITM) IN 35.5 323= 340= h Universität Jena DE 32.1
275= 311 h Technische Universität Graz AT 35.5 326= 338= h Jagiellonian University PL 31.9
275= 253= i Université de Paris FR 35.5 326= 344= h Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina Santa María de los Buenos Aires AR 31.9
279= 277= i Beijing Normal University CN 35.4 326= 392= h RUDN University RU 31.9
279= 281= h University of Ottawa CA 35.4 326= 336= h Universidad Politecnica de Valencia ES 31.9
281 302= h Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology State University RU 35.3 326= 327 h Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech) US 31.9
282= 284 h Bauman Moscow State Technical University RU 35.2 327 335 h IE University ES 32.0
282= 308 h Universität Köln DE 35.2 331= 331= n National Taiwan Normal University TW 31.8
284 329= h United Arab Emirates University AE 35.1 331= 364= h Ural Federal University RU 31.8
285 301 h University of Tartu EE 35.0 333= 331= i Ewha Womans University KR 31.7
286 310 h University College Cork (UCC) IE 34.9 333= 340= h Umeå University SE 31.7
287= 281= i King Saud University (KSU) SA 34.8 333= 279 i Universität Stuttgart DE 31.7
287= 285= i Universitat Pompeu Fabra ES 34.8 333= 314= i University of East Anglia (UEA) UK 31.7
287= 305= h Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne FR 34.8 333= 326 i University of Hawaii at Mānoa US 31.7
287= 287= n University of Turku FI 34.8 333= 346 h University of Jyväskylä FI 31.7
291= 280 i Dalhousie University CA 34.6 333= 353= h University of Utah US 31.7
291= 312= h ENS Paris-Saclay FR 34.6 341 359= h Yeshiva University US 31.6
291= 257= i Technion - Israel Institute of Technology IL 34.6 342= 351= h Université Grenoble-Alpes (UGA) FR 31.5
291= 271= i University of Miami US 34.6 342= 355 h University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague CZ 31.5
295= 322= h Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) KR 34.5 344= 328 i Birkbeck College, University of London UK 31.4
295= 285= i North Carolina State University US 34.5 344= 340= i Universität Ulm DE 31.4
295= 274= i University of South Australia (UniSA) AU 34.5 346= 309 i SOAS - School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London UK 31.1
298= 322= h National Research University - Higher School of Economics (HSE) RU 34.4 346= 340= i University at Buffalo SUNY US 31.1
298= 287= i National Yang Ming University TW 34.4 348= 371 h American University of Sharjah AE 31.0
300 296= i University of Strathclyde UK 34.3 348= 366 h Moscow State Institute of International Relations – MGIMO University RU 31.0
26 27
350= 349= i City, University of London UK 30.9 401= 439= h Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University RU 28.0
350= 291= i Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur (IITK) IN 30.9 401= 387= i Tomsk Polytechnic University RU 28.0
350= 379= h Universiti Teknologi Brunei BN 30.9 403= 412= h Chung-Ang University KR 27.9
353= 336= i George Washington University US 30.8 403= 410= h Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz DE 27.9
353= 372= h University of Southern Denmark DK 30.8 403= 395= i Kobe University JP 27.9
355 400= h National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) Islamabad PK 30.5 403= 389= i Università degli Studi di Trento IT 27.9
356 347 i Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster DE 30.3 403= 400= i University of The Witwatersrand ZA 27.9
357= 418 h L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University KZ 30.2 408 374 i University of Oulu FI 27.7
357= 338= i University of Lisbon PT 30.2 409= 407= i Sharif University of Technology IR 27.6
357= 353= i University of Porto PT 30.2 409= 395= i Tampere University FI 27.6
360= 436= h ITMO University RU 30.1 411= 395= i The American University in Cairo EG 27.5
360= 359= i Norwegian University of Science and Technology NO 30.1 411= 370 i University of Essex UK 27.5
362= 412= h Johannes Kepler Universität Linz (JKU) AT 30.0 411= 400= i Washington State University US 27.5
362= 324= i Linköping University SE 30.0 414= 442= h Bond University AU 27.4
362= 344= i Northeastern University US 30.0 414= 419= h Tulane University US 27.4
362= 359= i Tokyo Medical and Dental University JP 30.0 416= 417 h Goldsmiths, University of London UK 27.2
367 387= h University of Macau MO 29.9 416= 410= i National Sun Yat-sen University TW 27.2
368= 359= i Brunel University UK 29.7 416= 367 i University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC) US 27.2
368= 371= h Tilburg University NL 29.7 416= 389= i University of Tromso NO 27.2
370= 392= h Kazan Federal University RU 29.5 420= 416 i Laval University CA 27.1
370= 364= i University of Victoria CA 29.5 420= 439= h Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) BR 27.1
372 383= h Swinburne University of Technology AU 29.4 420= 421= h University of Iowa US 27.1
373= 375 h Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS) PK 29.2 423= 424= h Flinders University AU 27.0
373= 359= i Stony Brook University US 29.2 423= 458= h Vilnius University LT 27.0
375= 379= h Sultan Qaboos University OM 29.1 425 458= h Université de Bordeaux FR 26.9
375= 266= i University of Waikato NZ 29.1 426= 421= i Illinois Institute of Technology US 26.8
377= 368= i Nankai University CN 29.0 426= 468= h Pontificia Universidad Javeriana CO 26.8
377= 383= h Universidad de Palermo AR 29.0 428= 451= h National University of Science and Technology "MISIS" RU 26.6
379 511-520 h Taylor's University MY 28.9 428= 421= i Universidade Nova de Lisboa PT 26.6
380= 358 i Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro BR 28.8 428= 398= i University of St Gallen (HSG) CH 26.6
380= 368= i University of Kent UK 28.8 431 406 i University of Coimbra PT 26.5
380= 398= h Wake Forest University US 28.8 432= 498= h Czech Technical University In Prague CZ 26.4
383= 383= n Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee (IITR) IN 28.7 432= 474= h Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú PE 26.4
383= 376 i Oxford Brookes University UK 28.7 432= 448= h Università degli Studi di Firenze (UNIFI) IT 26.4
383= 389= h Università di Pisa IT 28.7 432= 407= i University of Tennessee US 26.4
383= 372= i University of Kansas US 28.7 432= 451= h Xiamen University CN 26.4
387= 356= i Lincoln University NZ 28.6 437= 442= h Auckland University of Technology NZ 26.2
387= 412= h Shanghai University CN 28.6 437= 462= h Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg DE 26.2
387= 379= i Taipei Medical University TW 28.6 439= 429= i Dublin City University (DCU) IE 26.0
387= 429= h Tianjin University CN 28.6 439= 432= i Ruhr-Universität Bochum DE 26.0
391 442= h UCSI University MY 28.5 439= 482= h Universiti Teknologi Petronas (Petronas) MY 26.0
392= 436= h Beijing Institute of Technology CN 28.4 439= 501-510 h University of Johannesburg ZA 26.0
392= 407= h HUFS – Hankuk (Korea) University of Foreign Studies KR 28.4 443= 442= i Colorado State University US 25.9
392= 424= h Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II IT 28.4 443= 400= i Universidad Austral AR 25.9
392= new Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele IT 28.4 443= 424= i Universität Konstanz DE 25.9
396= 400= h Huazhong University of Science and Technology CN 28.2 446= 419= i Ben Gurion University of The Negev IL 25.8
396= 356= i University of the Philippines PH 28.2 446= 468= h Brandeis University US 25.8
398= 400= h La Trobe University AU 28.1 446= 462= h University of Science and Technology Beijing CN 25.8
398= 379= i Université de Strasbourg FR 28.1 449= 462= h Beihang University CN 25.7
398= 392= i University of Colorado at Denver US 28.1 449= 454= h University of California, Riverside (UCR) US 25.7
28 29

451= 435 i Universidad Politécnica de Madrid ES 25.6
451= 468= h Universität des Saarlandes DE 25.6
451= 429= i University of Liege BE 25.6
454= 432= i Boston College US 25.5
454= 511-520 h Quaid-i-azam University PK 25.5
456= 454= i Dongguk University KR 25.4
456= 448= i Florida State University US 25.4
456= new Hasselt University BE 25.4
456= 427= i Stellenbosch University ZA 25.4
456= 462= h The Catholic University of Korea KR 25.4
456= 484= h University of Canberra AU 25.4
462= 377= i James Cook University (JCU) AU 25.3
462= 480= h South China University of Technology CN 25.3
462= new Universidad ORT Uruguay UY 25.3
465= 451= i Koç University TR 25.2
465= 427= i National Central University TW 25.2
465= 438 i Universidad de Belgrano AR 25.2
465= 439= i University of Saskatchewan CA 25.2
465= 468= h Yokohama City University JP 25.2
470= 491= h Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG) IN 25.1
470= 491= h Lappeenranta University of Technology FI 25.1
470= 511-520 h Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg DE 25.1
470= 383= i Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute US 25.1
474= 462= i Swansea University UK 25.0
474= 501-510 h Umm Al-Qura University (UQU) SA 25.0
474= 468= i Western Sydney University AU 25.0
477= 489= h Amirkabir University of Technology IR 24.8
477= 462= i Concordia University CA 24.8
477= 454= i National Technical University of Athens GR 24.8
477= new University of Cyprus CY 24.8
477= 491= h V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University UA 24.8
477= 484= h Wayne State University US 24.8
483= 531-540 h Universität Leipzig DE 24.7
483= 551-560 h University of Missouri, Columbia US 24.7
485= 484= i Aberystwyth University UK 24.6
485= 468= i Shandong University CN 24.6
485= 478= i University of Stirling UK 24.6
488= 442= i Chiba University JP 24.5
488= 511-520 h National Taipei University of Technology TW 24.5
490= 491= h M.O.Auezov South Kazakhstan State University KZ 24.4
490= 454= i Sogang University KR 24.4
492 491= i Universidad de Montevideo UY 24.3
493= 484= i Chang Gung University TW 24.2
493= 531-540 h Far Eastern Federal University RU 24.2
493= 484= i Jilin University CN 24.2
493= 501-510 h Southeast University CN 24.2
493= 482= i Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" BR 24.2
498 501-510 h Universidad de la Habana CU 24.1
499= 461 i Oregon State University US 23.9
499= 501-510 h Universidad de Alcalá ES 23.9
30 31
Student Recruitment Events Go Virtual

How recruitment events are a part of strong recruitment strategy
By Amity Bacon
Prior to the coronavirus sweeping through every

region of the world, student recruitment was a more
physical endeavour —it involved in-person interviews,
on-campus meetings and tours, and several events
throughout the year where representatives could
guide students towards the right program or course
for their needs. Students were able to access a wide
range of physical touchpoints when researching and
connecting with institutions.
Face-to-face interactions offered prospective

Virtual
students a chance to “see” in very immediate terms
recruitment
what they could expect from the student experience,
events needed
from accommodations to campus events and more.
to evolve
alongside a Before the pandemic, a typical student recruitment
new virtual fair with QS was an immersive experience, with panel
landscape that discussions and speaking events, representatives
had emerged. showcasing their brand at booths, as well as
professional resumé consultants, application
workshops, and QS staff guiding students towards
institutions of interest.
For QS Connect events, students arrived for pre-

arranged, one-on-one meetings with college or
university representatives after a QS counsellor had
matched them with institutions that met their unique
background and interests.
As higher education remains a major and oftentimes

emotional investment, prospective students continue
to seek out personalised experiences to come to a
decision—with personal interactions holding the key.
The potential to make lasting in-person connections
with institutional representatives is therefore a strong
component to any student’s research journey.
32 33
Even as digital marketing and online community building through social media “Potential students we spoke to were desperate for advice, while international
became an important facet of recruitment strategy before the pandemic, student recruitment remained one of the top priorities for many of our higher
recruitment fairs have maintained their relevance as a highly influential education partners.”
marketing tool.
Evolution and iteration
The Challenge
After the Digital & Events team had run an entire season of virtual events, the
As colleges and universities closed campuses due to the pandemic, virtual next phase was to develop an events innovation program focused on evolving
recruitment events needed to evolve alongside a new virtual landscape that the product offerings to ensure QS was delivering to the needs of both student
had emerged. Through 2021, deferments and delays to study plans became and higher education stakeholders.
more commonplace, with students increasingly expecting to begin their studies
in 2022 or later. Evolutions of event were made by leaning into the value-add of the virtual
space. Online platforms enabled the organisation to focus on regions over
QS ran a series of pulse surveys for international students to understand their cities, tapping into surprising hotpots of high potential candidates.
study planning during the pandemic. Analysing data from February to November
2020, the number of students that planned to defer or delay their studies rose As a result, QS events gained a larger audience, and became more flexible in
by 18 percent with over half (55 percent) choosing this option. At the same time, offering different timeframes. In North America, the Digital & Events team
just six percent said they no longer wished to study overseas. introduced two-minute video pitches at the start of fairs so students would
have even further guidance in finding their right-fit institution.
When looking at QS client surveys, a similar picture emerged. It became clear
overseas study was primarily impeded by travel restrictions, and that the desire Further product features were tested to increase engagement levels, and
to study internationally had not waned. themed discussion rooms at fairs were introduced to enable small group,
roundtable-style discussions. In addition, the QS team offered breakout booth
According to over 400 QS partners that were asked why they recruited fewer presentations and network lounge spaces, which had proven to further casual
international students, 58 percent said it was because students were unable to conversation in trials by 290 percent.
travel to the institution’s country, 43 percent of institutions said it was because
these students were deferring their studies to the next academic year, and 43 QS also began better utilising its own qualified admissions consultants from
percent said international students did not want to study online. QS Enrollment Solutions, helping prepare candidates for more meaningful
conversations with partner institutions.
Additionally, 22 percent of QS partners listed international student recruitment
as one of their top three priorities. 26 percent said geographic diversification Results
was their key recruitment priority and 15 percent said building reputation The QS Digital & Events team was assured through the feedback-driven
globally was their key recruitment priority. iterative process that it was better meeting institutional partner needs through
“Over 2020, the need for us to facilitate connections between prospective a disruptive time to the sector. The steady flow of student interest in QS events
international students and higher education institutions has been critical,” says also gave the organisation all the information it needed to continually improve
Claire Whittingham, Managing Director of QS Digital & Events. its event offerings.
34 35
In 2020, QS virtual fairs gained an average of 650

students per event with over 99,000 registrations in
total.
The QS team also held 201 Connect events in 2020,

with an average of 381 student registrations per
event. The team again went to their survey data to
gauge how students responded to the Connect
experience, and found:
It became clear • 85 percent planned to apply to at least two
overseas study schools they met
was primarily • 81 percent said that the event helped them to
impeded make a study decision
by travel • 62 percent intended to apply to a university six
restrictions, months after meeting at a QS Connect event
and that the
desire to study When reviewing client feedback, the QS Digital
internationally & Events team found a great deal of insight and
had not waned. information that continues to help iterate through
2021 and beyond.
“I think this was one of the best graduate fairs I’ve

worked this year. Once I began meeting with the
students, I found that many of them had already
had information on our programs,” says Marco Lean,
Senior Associate Director at the University of San
Francisco and QS fair client.
This excerpt first appeared the full in the 2021 Subject

Rankings Higher Education Report.
36 37
499= 498= i University of Eastern Finland FI 23.9 541-550 561-570 h Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth LB 21.8 - 22
501-510 478= i Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel DE 23.3 - 23.8 541-550 491= i University of Delaware US 21.8 - 22
501-510 531-540 h East China Normal University CN 23.3 - 23.8 551-560 601-650 h Ajou University KR 21.3 - 21.7
501-510 448= i Hitotsubashi University JP 23.3 - 23.8 551-560 551-560 n Bar-Ilan University IL 21.3 - 21.7
501-510 474= i The University of Georgia US 23.3 - 23.8 551-560 501-510 i Bilkent University TR 21.3 - 21.7
501-510 511-520 h Universidad de Granada ES 23.3 - 23.8 551-560 551-560 n Hallym University KR 21.3 - 21.7
501-510 489= i Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH) CL 23.3 - 23.8 551-560 571-580 h Konkuk University KR 21.3 - 21.7
501-510 432= i Universidad de Zaragoza ES 23.3 - 23.8 551-560 581-590 h Lebanese American University LB 21.3 - 21.7
501-510 581-590 h University of Balamand LB 23.3 - 23.8 551-560 551-560 n Lehigh University US 21.3 - 21.7
501-510 377= i University of Connecticut US 23.3 - 23.8 551-560 541-550 i Management and Science University MY 21.3 - 21.7
501-510 474= i University of Delhi IN 23.3 - 23.8 551-560 521-530 i Technische Universität Braunschweig DE 21.3 - 21.7
501-510 501-510 n University of Szeged HU 23.3 - 23.8 551-560 511-520 i Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III FR 21.3 - 21.7
511-520 442= i Aston University UK 22.9 - 23.2 551-560 601-650 h Victoria University AU 21.3 - 21.7
511-520 477 i Singapore Management University SG 22.9 - 23.2 561-570 521-530 i Cairo University EG 21.1 - 21.2
511-520 501-510 i Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore IT 22.9 - 23.2 561-570 531-540 i Kumamoto University JP 21.1 - 21.2
511-520 511-520 n Universitá degli Studi di Roma - Tor Vergata IT 22.9 - 23.2 561-570 601-650 h Kyungpook National University KR 21.1 - 21.2
511-520 491= i Université Aix-Marseille FR 22.9 - 23.2 561-570 561-570 n New School University US 21.1 - 21.2
511-520 498= i Université de Montpellier FR 22.9 - 23.2 561-570 601-650 h Thammasat University TH 21.1 - 21.2
511-520 601-650 h University of Klagenfurt AT 22.9 - 23.2 561-570 480= i Universidad Externado de Colombia CO 21.1 - 21.2
511-520 521-530 h University of Limerick (UL) IE 22.9 - 23.2 561-570 561-570 n University of Nebraska - Lincoln US 21.1 - 21.2
511-520 521-530 h Warsaw University of Technology PL 22.9 - 23.2 561-570 551-560 i University of Pretoria ZA 21.1 - 21.2
521-530 651-700 h Airlangga University ID 22.5 - 22.8 571-580 541-550 i Abo Akademi University FI 20.8 - 21
521-530 541-550 h Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (formerly University of Dammam) SA 22.5 - 22.8 571-580 new Altai State University RU 20.8 - 21
521-530 521-530 n National Research Saratov State University RU 22.5 - 22.8 571-580 561-570 i Aristotle University of Thessaloniki GR 20.8 - 21
521-530 521-530 n Sabanci University TR 22.5 - 22.8 571-580 new China University of Geosciences CN 20.8 - 21
521-530 541-550 h Università degli Studi di Torino (UNITO) IT 22.5 - 22.8 571-580 591-600 h Lingnan University (Hong Kong) HK 20.8 - 21
521-530 541-550 h Universität Bayreuth DE 22.5 - 22.8 571-580 571-580 n Murdoch University AU 20.8 - 21
521-530 601-650 h University of Debrecen HU 22.5 - 22.8 571-580 561-570 i Okayama University JP 20.8 - 21
521-530 591-600 h University of Milano-Bicocca IT 22.5 - 22.8 571-580 511-520 i Universidad de Costa Rica CR 20.8 - 21
521-530 511-520 i University of Ulsan KR 22.5 - 22.8 571-580 601-650 h Universidad Panamericana (UP) MX 20.8 - 21
531-540 601-650 h Bogor Agricultural University ID 22.2 - 22.4 571-580 571-580 n University of Guelph CA 20.8 - 21
531-540 521-530 i Inha University KR 22.2 - 22.4 571-580 561-570 i University of South Carolina at Columbia US 20.8 - 21
531-540 521-530 i Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen DE 22.2 - 22.4 581-590 531-540 i Clark University US 20.5 - 20.7
531-540 551-560 h Masaryk University CZ 22.2 - 22.4 581-590 541-550 i Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz AT 20.5 - 20.7
531-540 531-540 n Nagasaki University JP 22.2 - 22.4 581-590 591-600 h Kingston University, London UK 20.5 - 20.7
531-540 new Northwestern Polytechnical University CN 22.2 - 22.4 581-590 551-560 i National Chengchi University TW 20.5 - 20.7
531-540 601-650 h Sichuan University CN 22.2 - 22.4 581-590 521-530 i Pusan National University KR 20.5 - 20.7
531-540 new Universidad Central Marta Abreu de Las Villas CU 22.2 - 22.4 581-590 531-540 i Renmin (People’s) University of China CN 20.5 - 20.7
531-540 591-600 h Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM) MY 22.2 - 22.4 581-590 601-650 h Universidad de Sevilla ES 20.5 - 20.7
531-540 501-510 i University of Texas Dallas US 22.2 - 22.4 581-590 551-560 i University of Aveiro PT 20.5 - 20.7
531-540 511-520 i York University CA 22.2 - 22.4 581-590 601-650 h University of South Florida US 20.5 - 20.7
541-550 531-540 i Coventry University UK 21.8 - 22 591-600 601-650 h Central Queensland University AU 20.2 - 20.4
541-550 501-510 i Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA) FR 21.8 - 22 591-600 571-580 i Dalian University of Technology CN 20.2 - 20.4
541-550 511-520 i Iowa State University US 21.8 - 22 591-600 571-580 i Jeonbuk National University KR 20.2 - 20.4
541-550 601-650 h Niigata University JP 21.8 - 22 591-600 581-590 i Kanazawa University JP 20.2 - 20.4
541-550 551-560 h Osaka City University JP 21.8 - 22 591-600 651-700 h Kazakh National Agrarian University KZ 20.2 - 20.4
Satbayev University (previously Kazakh Technical University named after K.I. 591-600 601-650 h Palacký University in Olomouc CZ 20.2 - 20.4
541-550 561-570 h KZ 21.8 - 22
Satpaev) h
591-600 651-700 Samara National Research University (Samara University) RU 20.2 - 20.4
541-550 521-530 i Universität Bremen DE 21.8 - 22
591-600 541-550 i Southern Federal University RU 20.2 - 20.4
541-550 531-540 i Université Panthéon-Assas (Paris 2) FR 21.8 - 22
591-600 581-590 i Universitat de Valencia ES 20.2 - 20.4
38 39
591-600 651-700 h University of Minho PT 20.2 - 20.4 601-650 601-650 n University of New Mexico US 18.5 - 20
591-600 601-650 h University of Tehran IR 20.2 - 20.4 601-650 601-650 n University of Oregon US 18.5 - 20
601-650 601-650 n American University in Dubai AE 18.5 - 20 601-650 601-650 n University of Portsmouth UK 18.5 - 20
601-650 601-650 n Ateneo de Manila University PH 18.5 - 20 601-650 651-700 h University of Sharjah AE 18.5 - 20
601-650 521-530 i Bangor University UK 18.5 - 20 601-650 571-580 i University of Vermont US 18.5 - 20
601-650 651-700 h Carleton University CA 18.5 - 20 651-700 601-650 i American University US 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 601-650 n Chiang Mai University TH 18.5 - 20 651-700 new Applied Science University of Bahrain BH 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 561-570 i Drexel University US 18.5 - 20 651-700 701-750 h Beijing University of Technology CN 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 551-560 i East China University of Science and Technology CN 18.5 - 20 651-700 651-700 n Bogaziçi Üniversitesi TR 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 651-700 h Eotvos Lorand University HU 18.5 - 20 651-700 701-750 h Central South University CN 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 601-650 n Gifu University JP 18.5 - 20 651-700 601-650 i City University of New York US 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 601-650 n Holy Spirit University of Kaslik LB 18.5 - 20 651-700 651-700 n Edith Cowan University (ECU) AU 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 701-750 h Hunan University CN 18.5 - 20 651-700 581-590 i Howard University US 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 new Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad IN 18.5 - 20 651-700 651-700 n Jadavpur University IN 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 601-650 n Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA) AR 18.5 - 20 651-700 651-700 n Jordan University of Science and Technology JO 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 651-700 h International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) MY 18.5 - 20 651-700 651-700 n Kagoshima University JP 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 601-650 n Iran University of Science and Technology IR 18.5 - 20 651-700 701-750 h Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS) PK 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 new Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University GE 18.5 - 20 651-700 651-700 n Leibniz Universität Hannover DE 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 new Jinan University (China) CN 18.5 - 20 651-700 651-700 n National and Kapodistrian University of Athens GR 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 561-570 i Kazakh National Pedagogical University Abai KZ 18.5 - 20 651-700 651-700 n National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute" UA 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 501-510 i King Khalid University SA 18.5 - 20 651-700 701-750 h Northumbria University at Newcastle UK 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 new Libera Universita' di Bolzano IT 18.5 - 20 651-700 751-800 h O. P. Jindal Global University IN 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 601-650 n Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod RU 18.5 - 20 651-700 651-700 n Osaka Prefecture University JP 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 601-650 n Michigan Technological University US 18.5 - 20 651-700 new Pavol Josef Safarik University SK 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 591-600 i Middle East Technical University TR 18.5 - 20 651-700 651-700 n Philipps-Universität Marburg DE 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 651-700 h Missouri University of Science and Technology US 18.5 - 20 651-700 601-650 i Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro - PUC - Rio BR 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 651-700 h National Chung Hsing University TW 18.5 - 20 651-700 801-1000 h Savitribai Phule Pune University IN 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 701-750 h Shenzhen University CN 18.5 - 20 651-700 651-700 n Sejong University KR 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 601-650 n Smith College US 18.5 - 20 651-700 new Soochow University CN 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 751-800 h Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski" BG 18.5 - 20 651-700 601-650 i Tallinn University of Technology EE 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 581-590 i Syracuse University US 18.5 - 20 651-700 601-650 i Tokyo Metropolitan University JP 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 541-550 i Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv UA 18.5 - 20 651-700 561-570 i Universidad Anahuac MX 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 new The University of Tokushima JP 18.5 - 20 651-700 651-700 n Universidad de Antioquia CO 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 601-650 n Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology JP 18.5 - 20 651-700 701-750 h Universidad ICESI CO 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 601-650 n Ulster University UK 18.5 - 20 651-700 591-600 i Universidad Nacional de La Plata AR 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 601-650 n Universidad de Concepción CL 18.5 - 20 651-700 551-560 i Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana CO 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 601-650 n Universidad de Salamanca ES 18.5 - 20 651-700 new Universidad Pontificia Comillas ES 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 581-590 i Università degli Studi di Pavia (UNIPV) IT 18.5 - 20 651-700 601-650 i Universidad Torcuato Di Tella AR 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 591-600 i Universitat Ramon Llull ES 18.5 - 20 651-700 651-700 n Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais BR 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 601-650 n Universität Regensburg DE 18.5 - 20 651-700 651-700 n Università degli Studi di Genova IT 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 581-590 i Université de Fribourg CH 18.5 - 20 651-700 701-750 h Università degli Studi di Siena (UNISI) IT 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 561-570 i Université du Québec CA 18.5 - 20 651-700 651-700 n Universität Hohenheim DE 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 591-600 i University Côte d'Azur FR 18.5 - 20 651-700 651-700 n Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) MY 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 601-650 n University of Bradford UK 18.5 - 20 651-700 651-700 n University of Denver US 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 561-570 i University of Cincinnati US 18.5 - 20 651-700 601-650 i University of Hyderabad IN 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 601-650 n University of Hull UK 18.5 - 20 651-700 571-580 i University of Massachusetts, Boston US 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 601-650 n University of Jordan JO 18.5 - 20 651-700 591-600 i University of Mons BE 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 601-650 n University of Kentucky US 18.5 - 20 651-700 571-580 i University of Oklahoma US 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 591-600 i University of Ljubljana SI 18.5 - 20 651-700 651-700 n University of Pécs HU 17.4 - 18.4
601-650 601-650 n University of Manitoba CA 18.5 - 20 651-700 651-700 n University of Plymouth UK 17.4 - 18.4
40 41
World University Rankings 2021

651-700 651-700 n University of Westminster UK 17.4 - 18.4
651-700 591-600 i Vilnius Gediminas Technical University LT 17.4 - 18.4
651-700 601-650 i Virginia Commonwealth University US 17.4 - 18.4
651-700 601-650 i William & Mary US 17.4 - 18.4
701-750 701-750 n Abu Dhabi University AE 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 751-800 h Ajman University AE 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 651-700 i Brno University of Technology CZ 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 651-700 i Charles Darwin University AU 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 651-700 i China Agricultural University CN 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 701-750 n Chonnam National University KR 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 751-800 h Comenius University in Bratislava SK 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 751-800 h Gunma University JP 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 651-700 i Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN) MX 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 651-700 i Instituto Tecnológico Autonomo de México (ITAM) MX 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 701-750 n Kansas State University US 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 651-700 i Kaohsiung Medical University TW 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 601-650 i Keele University UK 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 new Lebanese University LB 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 651-700 i Louisiana State University US 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 new Macau University of Science and Technology MO 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 701-750 n Maynooth University IE 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 701-750 n Memorial University of Newfoundland CA 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 new Mendel University in Brno CZ 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 801-1000 h Middlesex University UK 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 new Nanjing University of Science and Technology CN 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 701-750 n National Technical University of Ukraine "Kyiv Polytechnic Institute" UA 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 801-1000 h Notre Dame University-Louaize (NDU) LB 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 701-750 n Riga Technical University LV 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 new Saint-Petersburg Electrotechnical University RU 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 701-750 n Southern Methodist University US 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 651-700 i Stevens Institute of Technology US 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 701-750 n Sumy State University UA 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 751-800 h Sunway University MY 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 651-700 i Temple University US 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 701-750 n Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez CL 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 601-650 i Universidad de San Andrés AR 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 651-700 i Universidad Iberoamericana (UIA) MX 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 801-1000 h Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia PE 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 651-700 i Universidade de Santiago de Compostela ES 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 651-700 i Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Do Sul BR 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 701-750 n Università degli Studi di Trieste (UNITS) IT 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 751-800 h Universität Rostock DE 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 651-700 i Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 FR 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 651-700 i Université de Sherbrooke CA 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 801-1000 h Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN) MY 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 701-750 n University of Central Florida US 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 new University of Electronic Science and Technology of China CN 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 701-750 n University of Greenwich UK 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 651-700 i University of Haifa IL 15.8 - 17.3
701-750 651-700 i University of Houston US 15.8 - 17.3
42
701-750 701-750 n University of Huddersfield UK 15.8 - 17.3 751-800 701-750 i University of Tulsa US 14.8 - 15.7
701-750 460 i University of Maryland, Baltimore County US 15.8 - 17.3 751-800 651-700 i University of Windsor CA 14.8 - 15.7
701-750 751-800 h University of Southern Queensland AU 15.8 - 17.3 801-1000 801-1000 n Adam Mickiewicz University PL 10.3 - 14.7
701-750 601-650 i Worcester Polytechnic Institute US 15.8 - 17.3 801-1000 801-1000 n AGH University of Science and Technology PL 10.3 - 14.7
701-750 651-700 i Zayed University AE 15.8 - 17.3 801-1000 801-1000 n Ain Shams University EG 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 701-750 i Beijing Jiaotong University CN 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Alexandria University EG 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 701-750 i Bournemouth University UK 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh IN 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 751-800 n Chongqing University CN 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 new American University of the Middle East (AUM) KW 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 701-750 i Chungnam National University KR 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham IN 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 601-650 i Clarkson University US 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Ankara Üniversitesi TR 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 701-750 i Dankook University KR 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 751-800 i Anna University IN 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 751-800 n Florida International University US 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Athens University of Economics and Business GR 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 701-750 i Georgia State University US 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Auburn University US 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 651-700 i Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis US 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Australian Catholic University AU 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 651-700 i Istanbul Technical University TR 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Babes-Bolyai University RO 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 751-800 n Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi IN 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Banaras Hindu University IN 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 751-800 n Kazakh-British Technical University KZ 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology BD 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 new KIMEP KZ 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Baylor University US 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 701-750 i London South Bank University UK 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Beijing Foreign Studies University CN 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 701-750 i Manipal Academy of Higher Education IN 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Beirut Arab University LB 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 751-800 n New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT) US 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Belarusian National Technical University BY 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 new Northwest University (China) CN 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Bina Nusantara University (BINUS) ID 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 701-750 i Nottingham Trent University UK 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Binghamton University SUNY US 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 751-800 n Oklahoma State University US 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Birmingham City University (BCU) UK 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 751-800 n Paris Lodron Universität Salzburg AT 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Budapest University of Technology and Economics HU 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 751-800 n Plekhanov Russian University of Economics RU 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 1001+ h Charles Sturt University AU 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 801-1000 h Politecnico di Bari IT 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 701-750 i Clemson University US 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 new Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University SA 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n COMSATS University Islamabad PK 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 701-750 i Rovira i Virgili University ES 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Corvinus University of Budapest HU 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 651-700 i Rutgers - The State University of New Jersey, Newark US 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Cracow University of Technology PL 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 801-1000 h Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology ID 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague CZ 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 751-800 n Southern Cross University AU 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n De La Salle University PH 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 751-800 n Technical University of Liberec CZ 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n De Montfort University UK 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 801-1000 h Tokyo University of Science JP 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Edinburgh Napier University UK 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 701-750 i Universidad Central de Venezuela (UCV) VE 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Escuela Politécnica Nacional EC 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 701-750 i Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG) MX 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Fordham University US 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 751-800 n Universidad de La Sabana CO 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Gdansk University of Technology PL 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 751-800 n Universidad de San Francisco de Quito EC 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n George Mason University US 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 651-700 i Universidad del Pais Vasco ES 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n German Jordanian University JO 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 751-800 n Universidad del Rosario CO 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Glasgow Caledonian University UK 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 751-800 n Università Ca' Foscari Venezia IT 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 new Gulf University for Science and Technology (GUST) KW 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 751-800 n Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia IT 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Hacettepe University TR 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 751-800 n Università degli Studi di Perugia IT 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 new Harbin Engineering University CN 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 601-650 i Universität Duisburg-Essen DE 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 new Islamic University in Madinah SA 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 751-800 n Universität Düsseldorf DE 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Istanbul University TR 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 701-750 i Université de Lille FR 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Karaganda State Technical University KZ 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 751-800 n Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) MY 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Kasetsart University TH 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 701-750 i University at Albany SUNY US 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 751-800 i Kaunas University of Technology LT 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 751-800 n University of Brescia IT 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Kazakh Ablai khan University of International Relations and World Languages KZ 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 701-750 i University of Patras GR 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Kent State University US 10.3 - 14.7
751-800 651-700 i University of Seoul KR 14.8 - 15.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Khon Kaen University TH 10.3 - 14.7
44 45
801-1000 801-1000 n King Faisal University SA 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Tokai University JP 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi TH 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Universidad Austral de Chile CL 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Kuwait University KW 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 new Universidad Autónoma de Chapingo MX 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Kyoto Institute of Technology JP 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México MX 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Kyushu Institute of Technology JP 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM) MX 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 751-800 i Lanzhou University CN 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Universidad Católica Andrés Bello - UCAB VE 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Liverpool John Moores University UK 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 new Universidad Católica del Uruguay UY 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Lodz University of Technology PL 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 701-750 i Universidad de Alicante ES 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 751-800 i London Metropolitan University UK 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Universidad de la República (UdelaR) UY 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 751-800 i Loyola University Chicago US 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 751-800 i Universidad de las Américas Puebla (UDLAP) MX 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 751-800 i Manchester Metropolitan University UK 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Universidad de los Andes Chile CL 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Multimedia University (MMU) MY 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Universidad de los Andes Mérida VE 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Nagoya Institute of Technology (NIT) JP 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Universidad de Murcia ES 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n National Chung Cheng University TW 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Universidad de Oviedo ES 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 751-800 i National University Lviv Polytechnic UA 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Universidad del Valle CO 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Nicolaus Copernicus University PL 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Universidad Diego Portales CL 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Novosibirsk State Technical University RU 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Universidad EAFIT CO 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Ohio University US 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Universidad Nacional Costa Rica CR 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 751-800 i Padjadjaran University ID 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Universidad Nacional de Córdoba AR 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 new Perm State University RU 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Universidad Nacional de Rosario AR 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 701-750 i Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso CL 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 new Universidad Nacional de San Luis AR 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador EC 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 new Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos PE 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 651-700 i Pontificia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP) BR 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Universidad Simón Bolívar Venezuela VE 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Poznan University of Technology PL 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María CL 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Prince of Songkla University TH 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Universidad Tecnológica de Panamá (UTP) PA 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 1001+ h Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University SA 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Universidad Tecnológica Nacional (UTN) AR 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Princess Sumaya University for Technology JO 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Universidade Catolica Portuguesa, Lisboa PT 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 new Queen Margaret University , Edinburgh UK 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Universidade da Coruña ES 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Rhodes University ZA 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Universidade de Brasilia BR 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Riga Stradins University LV 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 701-750 i Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina BR 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Ritsumeikan University JP 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Universidade Federal de São Carlos BR 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Ryerson University CA 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR) BR 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Saitama University JP 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Universidade Federal do Pernambuco BR 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n San Diego State University US 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Università degli Studi di Catania (UniCT) IT 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Shanghai International Studies University CN 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Università degli Studi di Ferrara IT 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Sheffield Hallam University UK 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Università degli Studi di Salerno IT 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 751-800 i Shinshu University JP 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Universita degli Studi di Udine IT 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Shiraz University IR 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Università degli Studi Roma Tre IT 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 new Silesian University of Technology in Gliwice PL 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 new Università della Calabria IT 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 751-800 i Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava SK 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 new Universita' Politecnica delle Marche IT 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Sophia University JP 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Università degli Studi di Palermo IT 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n South Ural State University RU 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 751-800 i Universität Bielefeld DE 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 new Szent István University Gödöllő HU 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 701-750 i Universität Potsdam DE 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Tallinn University EE 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 751-800 i Université de Lorraine FR 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Technical University of Kosice SK 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Université de Nantes FR 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 751-800 i Technische Universität Dortmund DE 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Université de Rennes 1 FR 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 751-800 i Technological University of Dublin IE 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 new Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ) FR 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Tecnológico de Costa Rica (TEC) CR 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier 3 FR 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Texas Tech University US 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Université Toulouse 1, Capitole FR 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n The Robert Gordon University UK 10.3 - 14.7 801-1000 801-1000 n Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS) MY 10.3 - 14.7
The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Admin- 801-1000 801-1000 n Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR) MY 10.3 - 14.7
46 801-1000 new
istration
RU 10.3 - 14.7 47
World University Rankings 2021 Advertorial
Northern Border University

801-1000 701-750 i University Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) MY 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 701-750 i University of Alabama US 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 701-750 i University of Baghdad IQ 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n University of Bahrain BH 10.3 - 14.7 LEADERSHIP AND EXCELLENCE IN THE FIELDS OF EDUCATION AND
801-1000 801-1000 n University of Bari IT 10.3 - 14.7 SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH TO ACHIEVE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT WITH
801-1000 801-1000 n University of Brighton UK 10.3 - 14.7 INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
801-1000 801-1000 n University of Bucharest RO 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n University of Calcutta IN 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n University of Central Lancashire UK 10.3 - 14.7
i
The Northern Border Al-Uwaygilah knowledge community
801-1000 751-800 University of Crete GR 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n University of Dhaka BD 10.3 - 14.7
University (NBU) in the Governorates were through well-educated
801-1000 751-800 i University of East London UK 10.3 - 14.7 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia also amalgamated into and experienced faculty
801-1000 801-1000 n University of Engineering & Technology (UET) Lahore PK 10.3 - 14.7 was established by The the University; these members; preparing
801-1000 801-1000 n University of Gdansk PL 10.3 - 14.7 Custodian of the Two colleges together qualified administrative
801-1000 751-800 i University of Hertfordshire UK 10.3 - 14.7 Holy Mosques, King formed the Northern and technical staff;
801-1000 801-1000 n University of Kufa IQ 10.3 - 14.7
Abdullah Bin Abdulaziz Border University. developing academically
801-1000 801-1000 n University of Kwazulu-Natal ZA 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n University of Latvia LV 10.3 - 14.7
during his visit to the Several Colleges were accredited programs,
801-1000 801-1000 n University of Lincoln UK 10.3 - 14.7 Northern Border Region inaugurated after the building a holistic
801-1000 801-1000 n University of Lodz PL 10.3 - 14.7 in 2007 (1428 H). establishment of the infrastructure
801-1000 801-1000 n University of Malaysia Sabah (UMS) MY 10.3 - 14.7 University including the (laboratories,
801-1000 new University of Malta (L-Università ta' Malta) MT 10.3 - 14.7 The College of Sciences Colleges of Medicine, classrooms, library
801-1000 751-800 i University of Maribor SI 10.3 - 14.7 in Arar, which had been Engineering, Computer halls, digital resources);
801-1000 new University of Miskolc HU 10.3 - 14.7 affiliated with King Science, Pharmacy, and creating a
801-1000 801-1000 n University of Mississippi US 10.3 - 14.7
Abdulaziz University, Nursing, Administration motivating research
801-1000 801-1000 n University of New England AU 10.3 - 14.7
n
was amalgamated into and Medical Sciences, environment that
801-1000 801-1000 University of New Hampshire US 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 new University of Pardubice CZ 10.3 - 14.7
the newly established and Social Sciences meets the researchers’
801-1000 801-1000 n University of Parma IT 10.3 - 14.7 University and later the competence.
801-1000 new University of Rijeka HR 10.3 - 14.7 Teachers’ College. Qualifying distinguished
801-1000 801-1000 n University of Salford UK 10.3 - 14.7 scientific personnel Discover more at
801-1000 801-1000 n University of San Diego US 10.3 - 14.7 A number of colleges in to contribute to the nbu.edu.sa
801-1000 801-1000 n University of Santo Tomas PH 10.3 - 14.7 Rafha, Turaif and development of the
801-1000 801-1000 n University of the Pacific US 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n University of the Punjab PK 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 751-800 i University of the West of England UK 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n University of Wroclaw PL 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 701-750 i University of Wyoming US 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 751-800 i University of Zagreb HR 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Utah State University US 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Verona University IT 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 701-750 i Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City (VNU-HCM) VN 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Vietnam National University, Hanoi VN 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Vytautas Magnus University LT 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Wrocław University of Science and Technology PL 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Wuhan University of Technology CN 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University CN 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 701-750 i Yamaguchi University JP 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 801-1000 n Yeungnam University KR 10.3 - 14.7
801-1000 751-800 i Yokohama National University JP 10.3 - 14.7
48 49
Methodology
The QS World University Rankings continue to enjoy a remarkably consistent most effective proxy metric for teaching quality. It assesses the extent to which
methodological framework, compiled using six simple metrics that we believe institutions are able to provide students with meaningful access to lecturers
effectively capture university performance. Since faculty area normalisation was and tutors, and recognises that a high number of faculty members per student
introduced in 2015 to ensure that institutions specialising in Life Sciences and will reduce the teaching burden on each individual academic.
Natural Sciences were not unduly advantaged, we have avoided fundamental
changes. In doing so, we aim to ensure that year-on-year comparisons remain Citations per faculty (20%)
valid, and that unnecessary volatility is minimised.
Teaching is one key pillar of an institution’s mission. Another is research output.
Thus, universities continue to be evaluated according to the following six We measure institutional research quality using our Citations per Faculty metric.
metrics: Academic Reputation, Employer Reputation, Faculty/Student Ratio, To calculate it, we take the total number of citations received by all papers
Citations per faculty, International Faculty Ratio, International Student Ratio. produced by an institution across a five-year period by the number of faculty
members at that institution.
Academic reputation (40%)
To account for the fact that different fields have very different publishing
The highest weighting of any metric is allotted to an institution’s Academic cultures – papers concerning the Life Sciences are responsible nearly half of all
Reputation score. Based on our Academic Survey, it collates the expert opinions research citations as of 2015 – we normalise citations. This means that a citation
of over 100,000 individuals in the higher education space regarding teaching received for a paper in Philosophy is measured differently to one received for a
and research quality at the world’s universities. In doing so, it has grown to paper on Anatomy and Physiology, ensuring that, in evaluating an institution’s
become the world’s largest survey of academic opinion, and, in terms of size true research impact, both citations are given equal weight.
and scope, is an unparalleled means of measuring sentiment in the academic
community. We use a five-year publication window for papers, so for this edition we looked
at papers published from 2014 to 2018. We then take a look at a six-year citation
Employer reputation (10%) window; reflecting the fact that it takes time for research to be effectively
disseminated. In this edition we look for citations from 2014-2019.
Students will continue to perceive a university education as a means by which
they can receive valuable preparation for the employment market. It follows All citations data is sourced using Elsevier’s Scopus database, the world’s largest
that assessing how successful institutions are at providing that preparation is repository of academic journal data. This year, QS assessed 81 million citations
essential for a ranking whose primary audience is the global student community. from 13.9 million papers once self-citations were excluded.
Our Employer Reputation metric is based on almost 50,000 responses to our International faculty ratio/International student ratio (5% each)
QS Employer Survey, and asks employers to identify those institutions from
which they source the most competent, innovative, effective graduates. The A highly international university acquires and confers a number of advantages.
QS Employer Survey is also the world’s largest of its kind. It demonstrates an ability to attract faculty and students from across the world,
which in turn suggests that it possesses a strong international brand. It implies a
Faculty/Student Ratio (20%) highly global outlook: essentially for institutions operating in an internationalised
higher education sector. It also provides both students and staff alike with a
Teaching quality is typically cited by students as the metric of highest importance multinational environment, facilitating exchange of best practices and beliefs.
to them when comparing institutions using a ranking. It is notoriously difficult to In doing so, it provides students with international sympathies and global
measure, but we have determined that measuring teacher/student ratios is the awareness: soft skills increasingly valuable to employers.
50 51
World University Rankings 2021
AL-AHLIYYA AMMAN UNIVERSITY
The first private university in Jordan
METHODOLOGY:
INDICATORS & WEIGHTINGS
The QS World University Rankings® have been published since 2004. Whilst the
headline measures have not changed since 2005, we introduce refinements to provide even stronger
results year after year.
Taken from the annual survey conducted by QS designed to evaluate the

Academic perceptions of academics from around the world regarding the best institutions
40%
Reputation in terms of research. In this edition, over 102,500 responses were recorded
globally.
Taken from the annual QS survey aimed at gathering the views of employers
Employer
around the world on the institutions providing the best professionals. For the 10%
Reputation 2021 edition, around 52,000 responses were analysed.
Faculty
Student
This is the ratio between the number of academic staff and number of students.
A higher number of teachers per student is an indirect indicator of the
commitment of the institutions to high-quality teaching.
20% RANKED
34
# 1 FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS BY QS ARAB REGION 2021
14 56% 32 27K+
This ratio measures the average number of citations obtained per faculty
member, and is an estimate of the impact and quality of the scientific work
BACHELOR MASTER INTERNATIONAL NATIONALITIES GRADUATED
Citations per
produced by universities. This indicator is calculated using data from Scopus. To
avoid anomalous results, an affiliation cap is applied discarding papers with an 20%
PROGRAMS PROGRAMS STUDENTS STUDENTS STUDENTS
Faculty unusually high number of affiliations. Self-citations are excluded and citation
counts are normalized, ensuring that citations achieved in each of the five broad
faculty areas are weighted equally (more information: bit.ly/1RbERtx). Al-Ahliyya Amman University (AAU) is the First private university in FACULTY OF PHARMACY
Jordan and the First Arab private university in the Middle East. Established FACULTY OF ALLIED MEDICAL SCIENCES
in 1989 to be a leading institute in higher education, it is recognized and ac- FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
The International Faculty Index is simply based on the proportion of faculty
members that are international. It is a proxy measure for how internationally credited locally and internationally, it is also a member of Arab, Islamic and BUSINESS SCHOOL
International
attractive the university is to academic staff. Universities based in locations 5% international university unions. FACULTY OF NURSING
Faculty known for attracting high proportions of expatriates perform well here such as
those in Hong Kong, Switzerland and UAE.
Al-Ahliyya Amman University make every effort to maintain its prestigious FACULTY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
reputation gained over the past thirty-one years by achieving a number of FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE & DESIGN
goals that it has set within its plan to strengthen its leadership position as FACULTY OF ARTS & SCIENCES
Similar in nature to the International Faculty Index, the International Students
the First private University in Jordan and as one of the most prominent uni- FACULTY OF LAW
Index is based on the proportion of students that are international. It is a proxy versities of high quality in higher education in the Arab world. FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGY
International
measure for how internationally attractive the university is to students. 5%
Students Attracting international faculty and students can be challenging for institutions
that are more nationally or regionally focussed.
4
2021 Top 91-100 2020 Top 301-400th Accredited Premier Bachelor's of Networks
Bachelor's of Marketing
University & Information Security
52
www.ammanu.edu.jo
A World of Reimagination
Education Reimagined after 2020
By Anton John Crace
The uniqueness that was 2020 is difficult to unpack,

and in many ways, it was a year that seemed to
compress a decade of history.
Wildfires, elections, and unrest; moments that by

themselves would typically mark a year, instead
occurred at times simultaneously. This is in addition to
a global pandemic.
“The element The uniqueness of 2020, however, created for many

at the core educators a dual sense of reflection and urgency.
is what the While many were forced to quickly adapt, the periods
professor does of isolation through quarantine and lockdowns were
throughout also full of creativity, a time to reimagine what was
the different possible.
formats and Going online for the first time, the 2020 Reimagine
methods that Education Conference, held in early December,
we may use.” brought together global education leaders to discuss
how things have changed and how they will continue
to do so in the future.
The shape of things to come
“What we’ve learnt is that over the last 20 years we

know that there’s been a major digital revolution that
has had a really profound impact on many sectors,”
says Professor David Maguire, Interim Principal and
Vice-Chancellor at the University of Dundee in the
UK.
“We only have to look at the way we do our banking

today, the way we do retail, and our entertainment.
“They’ve all changed forever, but I would submit, as

of today, universities have not been transformed to
anything like the same extent.”
54 55
According to Professor Maguire, who also serves as chair of education and Based in Spain, IE University was an early adopter of
research digital solutions provider, Jisc, 2020 was a year of reformation for digital and online learning, having now accumulated
higher education. two decades of experience in the area. As a
consequence, Iñiguez says staff and faculty are
“What’s happened in the last eight months as a consequence of the pandemic now more prepared to be early adopters of further
has really had a major impact on universities, and it’s made this change, I think, innovations and embrace change.
much more urgent.”
Importantly, IE University’s experience has led to
Based on the findings of Jisc’s Learning and teaching reimagined report, a mindset that is focussed on both student and
released in November 2020 in partnership with Universities UK, Advance HE, lecturer, seeing the setting of education solely as the [The pandemic has]
and Emerge Education, Professor Maguire adds the ongoing pandemic had an mode of delivery or format, not the end goal. made this change,
immediate impact on perceptions of online education. I think, much more
“The element lying at the core is what the professor urgent.”
Approximately 90 percent of those surveyed said they expected lectures to does throughout the different formats and methods
go online, if they had not already done so in the 2020/2021 academic year. By that we may use,” he says.
comparison, previous surveys found only 10 percent thought the same.
To this end, Iñiguez says it is important to recognise
Additionally, roughly 50 percent of respondents, made up of students, lecturers, the stress involved in teaching a class and that going
and leaders, said smaller activities such as seminars and tutorials would or had online adds additional elements to the process which
already gone virtual. can increase risk, exposure, and the potential to fail.
Importantly, Professor Maguire tells QS, as well as impacting the way institutions “The objective is to actually make professors
have had to operate, COVID-19 has changed their thinking, and the perceived orchestrate all these elements in the best possible
latency or reluctance in implementing a digital revolution in education may soon way and make them feel as comfortable as traditional
be over. environments because that will bring the best
possible experience to students in class,” he says.
“When we spoke to university leaders, few of them really feel those changes
will be rolled back and almost everybody is seeing blended learning will be the “By combining live and asynchronous you can exploit
future,” he says, noting an increase in shorter “lecturettes”, more use of voting all the synergies.”
and quizzes to encourage interaction, flipped classrooms, and now, flipped-
flipped classrooms. The article from which this was excerpted originally
appeared in the 2021 Subject Rankings Higher
The people Education Report.
Executive President of IE University, Santiago Iñiguez, says those institutions
that had already been delivering online education had a head start when doors
were closed.
56 57
Join Us Virtually!
Regional Rankings
WHARTONNQS Asia 60
REIMAGINE EDUCATION Japan: The shape of things to come 61
Emerging Europe & Central Asia 80
CONFERENCE & AWARDS Looking Outward 81
06 - 10 December 2021 Latin America 96

Mexican Higher Education at a Crossroads 97
www.reimagine-education.com
Arab Region 112
Innovative Arab Region 113
#ReimagineEducation2021
Asia Rankings 2021
Japan
The shape of things to come
By John O’Leary
It’s an exciting time for Japanese higher educators.
Japan’s new administration appears determined to

build the country up as an education powerhouse
of the future with plans for new measures to make
the public universities more international and boost
the country’s representation at the top of the world
rankings.
The plans couldn’t be more timely and the 2021 QS

Asia Region Ranking underlines the scale of the
“Japan has a challenge. None of the universities best placed to
proud tradition in meet the government’s target has improved their
research but it is position this year.
slipping further
behind.” Japan has a total of 93 universities out of the 650 in
the Asia ranking, with 14 in the top 100. Tokyo, Kyoto
and Tokyo Institute of Technology remain in Asia’s
top 20, although all in lower positions than last year,
Osaka and Tohoku are only just outside the top 20,
having maintained their 2020 placings.
Pluses and minuses
Where Japanese universities are succeeding is with

employers, who remained impressed in the 2021
ranking. All but two of the top 20 moved up on this
measure, filling four of the top five places.
Research measures, however, provide a different

story. The top 30 Japanese universities all declined
when measured on the number of citations for each
research paper, nearly all by more than 100 places.
There have also been declines in the proportions

of international staff and students, and in student
Asia exchanges – particularly outbound.
60 61
Asia Rankings 2021 Asia Rankings 2021
“Japan has a proud tradition in research but it is slipping further behind China
in both the output of papers and the citations that they attract,” says Andrew
MacFarlane, Rankings Manager for QS.
“The reputation of Japanese universities among academics and employers is

suffering, which suggests that they need to communicate their strengths more
effectively, as well as increasing their global research partnerships.”
Tokyo University of Science (TUS) is one institution that has taken this route and
bucked the trend in the new ranking, becoming the highest-placed Japanese
institution to improve its position.
Dr Soichiro Okamura, Vice President of TUS, says the university redoubled its
efforts to make research successes such as its Space Colony project and the
Center of Fire Science and Technology better known both domestically and
internationally.
“More and focused research branding, defining of specific research fields to

be granted additional funding and hiring of additional staff has contributed to
improve research quality,” he says.
Citations needed
Overall, Japan has fallen further behind China in all the research and reputational
measures. It averages 4.2 citations per paper – compared with 4.5 last year –
while China averages 6.9 citations per paper, compared with 6.0 in the 2020
ranking. Singapore averages 8.15 citations per paper, up from 7.7 last year.
The trend is repeated in other indicators. The top 10 institutions in Japan have an
average ratio of 9.6 research papers per faculty member, for example, whereas
the top 10 in China average 11.1. China saw over 20 percent growth in citations
from institutions in the top 500 in the Asian rankings for 2020 and 2021. This
figure is six percent for Japan.
While there are individual success stories – Tokyo’s international research

network is the fifth most extensive in Asia, for example - there are still significant
opportunities for improvement for the country’s institutions.
62 63

1 1 n National University of Singapore SG 100
2 4 h Tsinghua University CN 98.5
3 2 i Nanyang Technological University SG 98.2
4 3 i University of Hong Kong HK 98
5 6 h Zhejiang University CN 97.2
6 7 h Fudan University CN 96.7
7 5 i Peking University CN 96.6
8 8 n The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology HK 95.2
9 13= h Universiti Malaya MY 94.6
Back to the future 10 17= h Shanghai Jiao Tong University CN 94.1
11 12 h Korea University KR 94
A decade ago, Japan was the clear leader in the Asia 12 9 i Kaist - Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology KR 93.2
Rankings, with five unis in the top 10 and eight in the 13 10 i The Chinese University of Hong Kong HK 92.8
top 20. The country provided a quarter of the top 100. 14 11 i Seoul National University KR 92.5
Within five years, however, there were no Japanese 15 13= i The University of Tokyo JP 91.7
n
unis in the top 10 and 10 fewer in the top 100. 16 16 Sungkyunkwan University KR 91.6
17 15 i Kyoto University JP 90.6
h
The declines are curious, as they came in spite of 18 19 City University of Hong Kong HK 90.1
19 20 h National Taiwan University TW 89.8
government initiatives from as far back as 2008 20 17= i Tokyo Institute of Technology JP 89.7
“More and to internationalise the country’s universities and 21 21 n Yonsei University KR 89.3
focused research improve global competitive. 22 22 n Osaka University JP 86.7
branding, defining 23 23 n Tohoku University JP 86.1
of specific The Global 30 program eventually focused on 13 24 24 n Hanyang University KR 84.8
research fields universities, offering incentives to teach degrees 25 25 n The Hong Kong Polytechnic University HK 83.7
to be granted in English in order to increase the number of 26 26 n Pohang University of Science and Technology KR 82.6
additional funding international students and recruit academics who 27 27 n University of Science and Technology of China CN 80.7
28 33 h Universiti Putra Malaysia MY 79.8
and hiring of would also publish in English. n
29 29 Hokkaido University JP 79
additional staff A long-term target was set for Japanese universities 30 31 h Nanjing University CN 78.8
has contributed to to enroll 300,000 international students by 2020
31 30 i Kyushu University JP 78.8
improve research and, before the pandemic hit recruitment, it was close
32 28 i Nagoya University JP 78.2
33 32 i National Tsing Hua University TW 78.2
quality.” to meeting it. There were 228,000 overseas higher 34 37 h Universiti Sains Malaysia MY 75
education students in 2019, with another 83,000 on 35 39 h Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia MY 74.4
language colleges. 36 40 h Kyung Hee University KR 72.5

37 34 i Indian Institute of Technology Bombay IN 72.4
But a subsequent government target to have at least 38 36 i Wuhan University CN 72.4
10 universities in the top 100 of the world rankings by 39 46 h Universiti Teknologi Malaysia MY 71.3
40 38 i Waseda University JP 71.2
2023 remains a challenge. h
41 42 Sun Yat-Sen University CN 71
42 35 i National Cheng Kung University TW 70.1
To do so requires doubling the number in the latest h
43 45 Chulalongkorn University TH 69.6
QS World University Ranking (WUR), where only 44 48 h Mahidol University TH 69
Tokyo, Kyoto, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Osaka 45 41 i Keio University JP 68.2
and Tohoku featured at this level. 46 44 i National Chiao Tung University TW 65.9
47 43 i Indian Institute of Technology Delhi IN 65.7
The full version of this abridged article first appeared 48 47 i National Taiwan University of Science and Technology TW 64.8
in the 2021 Asia Rankings Higher Education Report. 49 49 n University of Tsukuba JP 63.3
50 50 n Indian Institute of Technology Madras IN 61.9
64 65
51 53 h Beijing Normal University CN 61.1 101 93= i Konkuk University KR 44.2
52 55 h Xi'an Jiaotong University CN 60.9 102 100 i Chiang Mai University TH 44.2
53 54 h Tongji University CN 60.2 103 90 i Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee IN 43.8
54 52 i Ewha Womans University KR 59.6 104 102 i Kyungpook National University KR 43.5
55 62 h Huazhong University of Science and Technology CN 57.9 105 122 h Ucsi University MY 43.3
56 51 i Indian Institute of Science Bangalore IN 57.7 106 111 h Quaid-I-Azam University PK 43.2
57 70 h Universitas Gadjah Mada ID 56.6 107 116= h Universiti Utara Malaysia MY 42.8
58 56 i Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur IN 56.2 108 119 h Universiti Teknologi Mara MY 42.7
59 59= n University of Indonesia ID 56 109 106 i Southeast University CN 42.1
60 57 i Renmin (People’s) University of China CN 55.1 110 103 i Jeonbuk National University KR 41.7
61 61 n National Taiwan Normal University TW 54 111 107 i Thammasat University TH 41.5
62 66 h Bandung Institute of Technology ID 53.8 112 101 i National Chung Hsing University TW 40.2
63 71 h Harbin Institute of Technology CN 53.6 113 98 i National Yang Ming University TW 40.1
64 58 i Hong Kong Baptist University HK 52.8 114 104 i Beihang University CN 39.5
65 68= h Chung-Ang University KR 52.7 115 114= i University of Science and Technology Beijing CN 39.2
66 64 i Kobe University JP 52.4 116 137= h Southern University of Science and Technology CN 39.1
67 59= i National Central University TW 52.3 117 112 i Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati IN 38.7
68 78= h Xiamen University CN 51.6 118 132 h Ipb University ID 38.6
69 72 h University of the Philippines PH 51.2 119 120 h South China University of Technology CN 38.4
70 82 h Universiti Teknologi Petronas MY 51 120 113 i Lingnan University (Hong Kong) HK 38.3
71 67 i University of Delhi IN 50.7 121 110 i Lahore University of Management Sciences PK 37.5
72 65 i Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur IN 50.7 122 105 i Tokyo Medical and Dental University JP 37.4
73 63 i National Sun Yat-Sen University TW 50.6 123 140 h International Islamic University Malaysia MY 37.4
74 73 i Nankai University CN 50.4 124 171= h Airlangga University ID 37.2
75 86 h Universiti Brunei Darussalam BN 50.2 125 176 h Shenzhen University CN 36.5
76 83= h National University of Sciences and Technology Islamabad PK 50.1 126 121 i Inha University KR 36.2
77 74= i Hiroshima University JP 50 127 131 h Northwestern Polytechnical University CN 36.1
78 68= i Sogang University KR 49.8 128 137= h Universiti Teknologi Brunei BN 36.1
79 85 h Tianjin University CN 49.4 129 118 i University of Seoul KR 36
80 78= i Shanghai University CN 49.3 130 116= i Chiba University JP 35.8
81 N/A new Jawaharlal Nehru University IN 49.2 131 125 i Chonnam National University KR 35.7
82 87 h East China Normal University CN 48.4 132 159 h Hunan University CN 35.6
83 91= h Sejong University KR 48.3 133 134 h Universiti Malaysia Pahang MY 35.5
84 95= h Jilin University CN 48.1 134 135 h University of Dhaka BD 35.4
85 new University of Chinese Academy of Sciences CN 48.1 135 124 i Ateneo de Manila University PH 35.2
86 83= i Shandong University CN 48 136 123 i Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology JP 35.1
87 91= h Sichuan University CN 47.8 137 142 h Tokyo University of Science JP 35
88 95= h National Taipei University of Technology TW 47.8 138 148= h Jinan University CN 34.7
89 109 h Taylor's University MY 46.7 139 179= h Management and Science University MY 34.6
90 74= i Taipei Medical University TW 46.6 140 128 i University of Ulsan KR 34.4
91 81 i Hitotsubashi University JP 46.5 141 141 n Ritsumeikan University JP 34.2
92 89 i Hufs – Hankuk (Korea) University of Foreign Studies KR 46.3 142 114= i University of Hyderabad IN 33.8
93 93= n University of Macau MO 46.1 143 130 i Dalian University of Technology CN 33.7
94 99 h Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology KR 45.8 144 126 i East China University of Science and Technology CN 33.3
95 77 i National Chengchi University TW 45.5 145 108 i Tokyo Metropolitan University JP 33.1
96 97 h Dongguk University KR 45.3 146 151 h Comsats University Islamabad PK 33.1
97 80 i Pusan National University KR 44.9 147 136 i Jadavpur University IN 33.1
98 88 i Beijing Institute of Technology CN 44.6 148 148= n Soochow University CN 33
99 76 i Singapore Management University SG 44.6 149 127 i Kasetsart University TH 32.7
100 new Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology SK 44.3 150 129 i Kanazawa University JP 32.6
66 67
151 160= h Khon Kaen University TH 32.5 201 new Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal IN 25.4
152 152= n Ajou University KR 32.4 202 N/A new University of Madras IN 25.4
153 133 i Beijing Jiaotong University CN 31.7 203 192= i Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi IN 25.3
154 139 i University of Calcutta IN 31.6 204 224 h Jiangsu University CN 25.2
155 152= i Institute of Chemical Technology , Mumbai IN 31.3 205 213= h Nanjing Normal University CN 24.8
156 143= i Osaka City University JP 31.2 206 198= i Niigata University JP 24.5
157 181= h Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (Utar) MY 31.2 207 211= h University Malaysia Perlis MY 24.5
158 143= i Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City VN 30.4 208= 201= i The University of Tokushima JP 24.3
159 156= i Yeungnam University KR 30.4 208= 174 i University of Electronic Science and Technology of China CN 24.3
160 147 i Vietnam National University, Hanoi VN 30.3 210= 215= h Shinshu University JP 24.3
161 166 h National Chung Cheng University TW 30.2 210= 211= h University of Malaysia Sabah MY 24.3
162 154 i Chungnam National University KR 30.1 212 207= i Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics CN 24.2
163 207= h Ton Duc Thang University VN 30.1 213 218= h Shimane University JP 24.2
164 198= h Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology ID 30 214 231 h Central China Normal University (F.K.A. Huazhong Normal University) CN 24.2
165 148= i Prince of Songkla University TH 30 215 228= h Vellore Institute of Technology IN 24.1
166 156= i De La Salle University PH 29.9 216 261-270 h Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology CN 24.1
167 185 h Lanzhou University CN 29.8 217 new University of Peshawar PK 24.1
168 195= h Universiti Tenaga Nasional MY 29.8 218 233 h Macau University of Science and Technology MO 24
169 143= i Nagasaki University JP 29.8 219 177= i University of Mumbai IN 23.8
170 155 i Yokohama National University JP 29.7 220 201= i Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad IN 23.7
171 181= h Chongqing University CN 29.7 221= 271-280 h Southwest University CN 23.6
172 194 h Sunway University MY 29.7 221= 198= i University of Peradeniya LK 23.6
173 164 i China University of Geosciences CN 29.5 223 218= i International Christian University JP 23.6
174 171= i Nanjing University of Science and Technology CN 29.5 224 207= i Kyushu Institute of Technology JP 23.5
175 171= i University of Engineering & Technology Lahore PK 29.1 225 205 i Indian Institute of Technology Ropar IN 23.4
176 168 i Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences PK 29 226 192= i Feng Chia University TW 23.4
177 165 i Chang Gung University TW 29 227 234= h Bina Nusantara University ID 23.4
178= 181= h Sophia University JP 28.9 228 291-300 h North South University BD 23.3
178= 195= h University of the Punjab PK 28.9 229 218= i Jiangnan University CN 23.1
180 177= i Banaras Hindu University IN 28.8 230 239= h Manipal Academy of Higher Education IN 23.1
181 156= i Okayama University JP 28.7 231 201= i Aga Khan University PK 23.1
182 188= h Central South University CN 28.6 232 215= i Kangwon National University KR 23
183 167 i The Catholic University of Korea KR 28.4 233 227 i Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswa IN 22.9
184 162 i Kumamoto University JP 28.4 234 215= i Tezpur University, Tezpur IN 22.9
185 160= i China Agricultural University CN 28.4 235 223 i Yokohama City University JP 22.9
186 179= i University of Santo Tomas PH 28.3 236 243= h Harbin Engineering University CN 22.8
187 163 i Kaohsiung Medical University TW 28.1 237 187 i National Taiwan Ocean University TW 22.6
188 188= n Indian Institute of Technology Indore IN 27.7 238 236= i Padjadjaran University ID 22.6
189 146 i King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi TH 27.3 239 251-260 h Kyoto Institute of Technology JP 22.6
190 170 i Multimedia University MY 27 240 271-280 h Soongsil University KR 22.5
191 181= i Osaka Prefecture University JP 26.9 241 281-290 h Diponegoro University ID 22.4
192 204 h Wuhan University of Technology CN 26.9 242 213= i Gyeongsang National University KR 22.3
193 191 i Savitribai Phule Pune University IN 26.7 243 248= h China University of Petroleum CN 22.3
194 175 i Birla Institute of Technology and Science IN 26.3 244 271-280 h University of Agriculture, Faisalabad PK 22.2
195 243= h Universiti Malaysia Terengganu MY 26.3 245 242 i Nagaoka University of Technology JP 22
196 169 i Anna University IN 26.3 246= 281-290 h Beijing Foreign Studies University CN 22
197 186 i Beijing University of Chemical Technology CN 26 246= 239= i Donghua University CN 22
198 188= i Beijing University of Technology CN 25.9 246= 281-290 h Sookmyung Women's University KR 22
199= 222 h Alagappa University, Karaikudi IN 25.4 249 206 i Chungbuk National University KR 22
199= 207= h Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology BD 25.4 250 225= i National Institute of Technology Rourkela IN 21.8
68 69
Asia Rankings 2021

251-260 251-260 n Fu Jen Catholic University TW -
251-260 281-290 h Fuzhou University CN -
251-260 243= i Gifu University JP -
251-260 234= i Kagoshima University JP -
251-260 291-300 h Nanjing Tech University CN -
251-260 218= i National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli IN -
251-260 261-270 h Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology IN -
251-260 243= i Tokai University JP -
251-260 243= i Universiti Malaysia Sarawak MY -
251-260 228= i Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University CN -
261-270 251-260 i Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh IN -
261-270 301-350 h Amity University IN -
261-270 271-280 h Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham IN -
261-270 197 i Chung Yuan Christian University TW -
261-270 230 i Doshisha University JP -
261-270 232 i Kookmin University KR -
261-270 251-260 i National University of Defense Technology CN -
261-270 291-300 h Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University CN -
261-270 225= i Northwest University (China) CN -
261-270 301-350 h Shanghai International Studies University CN -
261-270 251-260 i Shanghai Normal University CN -
271-280 301-350 h Brac University BD -
271-280 261-270 i China University of Mining and Technology CN -
271-280 251-260 i Dankook University KR -
271-280 261-270 i Huazhong Agricultural University CN -
271-280 236= i Indian School of Mines University, Dhanbad IN -
271-280 271-280 n King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang TH -
271-280 251-260 i Tamkang University TW -
271-280 301-350 h University of Brawijaya ID -
271-280 new University of Electro-Communications JP -
281-290 301-350 h Gunma University JP -
281-290 261-270 i Hallym University KR -
281-290 271-280 i Meiji University JP -
281-290 261-270 i Ocean University of China CN -
281-290 281-290 n Pukyong National University KR -
281-290 251-260 i Seoul National University of Science and Technology KR -
281-290 291-300 h Soochow University (Taiwan) TW -
281-290 351-400 h Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris MY -
281-290 239= i University of Karachi PK -
281-290 301-350 h Zhengzhou University CN -
291-300 301-350 h China University of Political Science and Law CN -
291-300 351-400 h Jss Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed To Be University) IN -
291-300 291-300 n Nanjing Medical University CN -
291-300 261-270 i National Dong Hwa University TW -
291-300 250 i Rikkyo University JP -
291-300 351-400 h Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University JP -
291-300 new Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences IN -
291-300 281-290 i South China Normal University CN -
291-300 301-350 h Universiti Kuala Lumpur MY -
291-300 301-350 h Universiti Tun Hussein Onn University of Malaysia MY -
70
291-300 271-280 i University of Colombo LK - 351-400 new Air University, Pakistan PK -
301-350 351-400 h Akita Prefectural University JP - 351-400 401-450 h Akita International University JP -
301-350 301-350 n Akita University JP - 351-400 351-400 n Andhra University IN -
301-350 291-300 i Annamalai University IN - 351-400 301-350 i Aoyama Gakuin University JP -
301-350 new Asia Pacific University of Technology and Innovation MY - 351-400 new Arid Agriculture University PK -
301-350 291-300 i Asia University Taiwan TW - 351-400 301-350 i Bahauddin Zakariya University PK -
301-350 301-350 n Beijing Forestry University CN - 351-400 351-400 n Bangalore University, Bangalore IN -
301-350 301-350 n Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications CN - 351-400 351-400 n Beijing University of Chinese Medicine CN -
301-350 301-350 n China Pharmaceutical University CN - 351-400 351-400 n Burdwan University, Bardhaman IN -
301-350 351-400 h Gb Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar IN - 351-400 351-400 n Chosun University KR -
301-350 261-270 i Hanoi University of Science & Technology VN - 351-400 351-400 n Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (Sagar University), Sagar IN -
301-350 301-350 n Hohai University CN - 351-400 451-500 h Duy Tan University VN -
301-350 401-450 h Hong Kong Shue Yan University HK - 351-400 301-350 i Ehime University JP -
301-350 281-290 i Incheon National University KR - 351-400 401-450 h Gachon University KR -
301-350 new Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur IN - 351-400 401-450 h Hasanuddin University ID -
301-350 new Indian Institute of Technology Varanasi IN - 351-400 351-400 n Hefei University of Technology CN -
301-350 301-350 n Indian Institute of Technology Patna IN - 351-400 351-400 n Hongik University KR -
301-350 301-350 n Inje University KR - 351-400 401-450 h Independent University Bangladesh BD -
301-350 281-290 i Jeju National University KR - 351-400 301-350 i Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi IN -
301-350 301-350 n King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok TH - 351-400 351-400 n Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad PK -
301-350 271-280 i Kochi University JP - 351-400 351-400 n International Islamic University Islamabad PK -
301-350 301-350 n Minzu University of China CN - 351-400 301-350 i Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi IN -
301-350 281-290 i Nagoya City University JP - 351-400 351-400 n Kansai University JP -
301-350 301-350 n Nagoya Institute of Technology JP - 351-400 301-350 i Kindai University JP -
301-350 301-350 n Nanjing Agricultural University CN - 351-400 301-350 i Kwangwoon University KR -
301-350 281-290 i National Taipei University TW - 351-400 301-350 i Kwansei Gakuin University JP -
301-350 301-350 n Northeast Normal University CN - 351-400 401-450 h Limkokwing University of Creative Technology MY -
301-350 238 i Northeastern University (China) CN - 351-400 new Lincoln University College, Malaysia MY -
301-350 401-450 h O. P. Jindal Global University IN - 351-400 351-400 n Mehran University of Engineering & Technology PK -
301-350 291-300 i Panjab University IN - 351-400 351-400 n Nanchang University CN -
301-350 301-350 n Pondicherry University IN - 351-400 301-350 i National Changhua University of Education TW -
301-350 251-260 i Saitama University JP - 351-400 451-500 h National Chi Nan University TW -
301-350 401-450 h Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed To Be University) IN - 351-400 501-550 h National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Islamabad PK -
301-350 301-350 n Segi University MY - 351-400 301-350 i National University of Kaohsiung TW -
301-350 301-350 n Shaanxi Normal University CN - 351-400 301-350 i National Yunlin University of Science and Technology TW -
301-350 301-350 n Shanghai University of Finance and Economics CN - 351-400 351-400 n Ned University of Engineering and Technology PK -
301-350 new Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine CN - 351-400 301-350 i Nihon University JP -
301-350 281-290 i Shantou University CN - 351-400 301-350 i North China Electric Power University CN -
301-350 301-350 n Shizuoka University JP - 351-400 301-350 i Osmania University, Hyderabad IN -
301-350 261-270 i Suranaree University of Technology TH - 351-400 401-450 h Shibaura Institute of Technology JP -
301-350 291-300 i Symbiosis International (Deemed University) IN - 351-400 351-400 n Shivaji University, Kolhapur IN -
301-350 301-350 n Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore IN - 351-400 401-450 h Siksha Â€õâ€™ Anusandhan IN -
301-350 271-280 i Tunghai University TW - 351-400 301-350 i Soonchunhyang University KR -
301-350 271-280 i University of International Business and Economics CN - 351-400 351-400 n Southwest Jiaotong University CN -
301-350 351-400 h University of Lahore PK - 351-400 301-350 i Southwestern University of Finance and Economics CN -
301-350 new University of the Ryukyus JP - 351-400 248= i Sri Venkateswara University IN -
301-350 301-350 n Xidian University CN - 351-400 301-350 i Srm Institute of Science and Technology (F.K.A Srm University) IN -
301-350 251-260 i Yamaguchi University JP - 351-400 351-400 n University of Kerala IN -
301-350 301-350 n Yangzhou University CN - 351-400 301-350 i University of Miyazaki JP -
301-350 251-260 i Yuan Ze University TW - 351-400 301-350 i University of Mysore, Mysore IN -
72 73
401-450 451-500 h Bangkok University TH - 451-500 351-400 i Anhui University CN -
401-450 451-500 h Busan University of Foreign Studies KR - 451-500 451-500 n Atma Jaya Catholic University Jakarta ID -
401-450 new Chang Jung Christian University TW - 451-500 401-450 i Bahria University PK -
401-450 401-450 n Chuo University JP - 451-500 451-500 n Banasthali Vidyapith IN -
401-450 351-400 i Cochin University of Science & Technology IN - 451-500 401-450 i Can Tho University VN -
401-450 new Daffodil International University BD - 451-500 451-500 n Changwon National University KR -
401-450 451-500 h Dow University of Health Sciences PK - 451-500 401-450 i Chung Hua University TW -
401-450 new East West University BD - 451-500 401-450 i Dong-A University KR -
401-450 301-350 i Fujian Normal University CN - 451-500 501-550 h Dongseo University KR -
401-450 new Future University Hakodate JP - 451-500 351-400 i Gakushuin University JP -
401-450 new Gangneung-Wonju National University KR - 451-500 401-450 i Gc University Lahore PK -
401-450 351-400 i Guangxi University CN - 451-500 451-500 n Guangdong University of Foreign Studies CN -
401-450 new Help University MY - 451-500 401-450 i Guru Nanak Dev University, Amristar IN -
401-450 451-500 h Hue University VN - 451-500 501-550 h Handong Global University KR -
401-450 401-450 n Hunan Normal University CN - 451-500 401-450 i Hosei University JP -
401-450 new Inti International University MY - 451-500 351-400 i Indian Institute of Information Technology - Allahabad IN -
401-450 new I-Shou University TW - 451-500 401-450 i Inner Mongolia University CN -
401-450 401-450 n Korea Maritime and Ocean University KR - 451-500 new Iwate Prefectural University JP -
401-450 501-550 h Kunsan National University KR - 451-500 401-450 i Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology IN -
401-450 351-400 i Ming Chuan University TW - 451-500 401-450 i Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon IN -
401-450 351-400 i Myongji University KR - 451-500 401-450 i Keimyung University KR -
401-450 401-450 n Naresuan University TH - 451-500 451-500 n Khulna University of Engineering and Technology BD -
401-450 351-400 i National Institute of Technology, Karnataka, Surathkal IN - 451-500 351-400 i Kitasato University JP -
401-450 451-500 h Nitte (Deemed To Be University) IN - 451-500 451-500 n Kle Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi IN -
401-450 351-400 i Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar IN - 451-500 401-450 i Liaoning University CN -
401-450 451-500 h Sebelas Maret University ID - 451-500 401-450 i Mae Fah Luang University TH -
401-450 new Shandong University of Science and Technology CN - 451-500 new Malaysia University of Science and Technology MY -
401-450 401-450 n Shanghai University of International Business and Economics CN - 451-500 401-450 i Mie University JP -
401-450 501-550 h Siam University TH - 451-500 351-400 i National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology TW -
401-450 351-400 i Silpakorn University TH - 451-500 new National Taipei University of Education TW -
401-450 401-450 n Soka University JP - 451-500 401-450 i Ochanomizu University JP -
401-450 351-400 i South China Agricultural University CN - 451-500 451-500 n Riphah International University PK -
401-450 351-400 i Srinakharinwirot University TH - 451-500 501-550 h Sangmyung University KR -
401-450 351-400 i Taiyuan University of Technology CN - 451-500 451-500 n Sastra Deemed University IN -
401-450 new Tata Institute Od Social Sciences IN - 451-500 new Shih Chien University TW -
401-450 451-500 h Telkom University ID - 451-500 401-450 i Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantpur IN -
401-450 401-450 n Toyo University JP - 451-500 351-400 i Tottori University JP -
401-450 301-350 i Toyota Technological Institute JP - 451-500 new Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta ID -
401-450 351-400 i United International University BD - 451-500 451-500 n Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin MY -
401-450 451-500 h Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka MY - 451-500 501-550 h University of Central Punjab PK -
401-450 401-450 n University of Calicut IN - 451-500 new University of Fukui JP -
401-450 401-450 n University of Da Nang VN - 451-500 401-450 i University of Kashmir, Srinagar IN -
401-450 401-450 n University of Jaffna LK - 451-500 351-400 i University of Malakand,Chakdara PK -
401-450 351-400 i University of Moratuwa LK - 451-500 351-400 i University of San Carlos PH -
401-450 351-400 i University of Shanghai For Science and Technology CN - 451-500 401-450 i University of Sri Jayewardenepura LK -
401-450 351-400 i University of Taipei TW - 451-500 401-450 i University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore PK -
401-450 451-500 h University of the Thai Chamber of Commerce TH - 451-500 401-450 i Wonkwang University KR -
401-450 301-350 i Yamagata University JP - 451-500 351-400 i Xinjiang University CN -
401-450 351-400 i Yunnan University CN - 451-500 401-450 i Yanshan University CN -
401-450 451-500 h Zhongnan University of Economics and Law CN - 451-500 501-550 h Youngsan University KR -
74 75
501-550 new Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan PK - 551-600 new Acharya Nagarjuna University IN -
501-550 new Ateneo de Davao University PH - 551-600 new Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology BD -
501-550 401-450 i Central University of Finance and Economics CN - 551-600 new American International University, Bangladesh BD -
501-550 451-500 i Changan University CN - B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed
551-600 451-500 i IN -
To Be University)
501-550 new Chaoyang University of Technology TW -
i Balochistan University of Information Technology Engineering and Manage-
501-550 451-500 Communication University of China CN - 551-600 new PK -
ment Sciences (Buitems)
501-550 451-500 i Daegu University KR -
551-600 501-550 i Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune IN -
501-550 451-500 i Dalian Maritime University CN -
551-600 501-550 i Burapha University TH -
501-550 new Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts JP -
551-600 501-550 i Christ (Deemed To Be University), Bengaluru IN -
501-550 451-500 i Gauhati University, Guwahati IN -
551-600 new Delhi Technological University IN -
501-550 new Gitam University IN -
551-600 501-550 i Dong-Eui University KR -
501-550 401-450 i Goa University IN -
551-600 new Government College University, Faisalabad PK -
501-550 451-500 i Hebei University of Technology CN -
551-600 451-500 i Guizhou University CN -
501-550 451-500 i Hirosaki University JP -
551-600 501-550 i Gulbarga University, Gulbarga IN -
501-550 new Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design & Mfg Kancheepuram IN -
551-600 501-550 i Hannam University KR -
501-550 501-550 n Iqra University Iu Karachi PK -
551-600 new Hanoi National University of Education VN -
501-550 451-500 i Jain (Deemed To Be University) IN -
551-600 new Hansung University Seoul KR -
501-550 501-550 n Japan Women's University JP -
551-600 501-550 i Iwate University JP -
501-550 451-500 i Josai International University JP -
551-600 501-550 i Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University IN -
501-550 new Kansai Gaidai University JP -
551-600 501-550 i Kanagawa University JP -
501-550 451-500 i Kyonggi University KR -
551-600 501-550 i Karnatak University, Dharwad IN -
501-550 401-450 i Kyoto Sangyo University JP -
551-600 451-500 i Kogakuin University JP -
501-550 401-450 i Mahasarakham University TH -
551-600 501-550 i Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation IN -
501-550 451-500 i Mapua University PH -
551-600 451-500 i Korea National University of Education KR -
501-550 401-450 i Mokpo National University KR -
551-600 501-550 i Kumaun University, Nainital IN -
501-550 401-450 i Nara Women's University JP -
551-600 451-500 i Kumoh National Institute of Technology KR -
501-550 new National Chin-Yi University of Technology TW -
551-600 451-500 i Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta IN -
501-550 351-400 i Saga University JP -
551-600 401-450 i Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara IN -
501-550 451-500 i Saurashtra University, Rajkot IN -
551-600 new Maharishi Markandeshwar University IN -
501-550 new Seoul National University of Education KR -
551-600 451-500 i Mangalore University, Mangalore IN -
501-550 501-550 n Seoul Women's University KR -
551-600 new Mindanao State University - Iligan Institute of Technology PH -
501-550 new Shangdong Agricultural University CN -
551-600 501-550 i Mongolia University of Science and Technology MN -
501-550 new Sichuan Agricultural University CN -
551-600 new National Textile University PK -
501-550 451-500 i Silliman University PH -
551-600 451-500 i Northeast Forestry University CN -
501-550 501-550 n Sun Moon University KR -
551-600 501-550 i Paichai University KR -
501-550 new The Islamia University of Bahawalpur,Pakistan PK -
551-600 451-500 i Parahyangan Catholic University ID -
501-550 501-550 n Tokyo City University JP -
551-600 new Silla University KR -
501-550 501-550 n Tokyo University of Foreign Studies JP -
551-600 401-450 i Sojo University JP -
501-550 451-500 i Udayana University ID -
551-600 new State University of Malang ID -
501-550 451-500 i Universitas Islam Indonesia ID -
551-600 401-450 i Sunchon National University KR -
501-550 501-550 n Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia ID -
551-600 451-500 i Syiah Kuala University ID -
501-550 new Universitas Sumatera Utara ID -
551-600 451-500 i Tokyo Denki University JP -
501-550 501-550 n Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia MY -
551-600 new Universitas Andalas ID -
501-550 501-550 n University of Management and Technology PK -
551-600 501-550 i Universitas Pelita Harapan ID -
501-550 401-450 i University of Sargodha PK -
551-600 new Universiti Malaysia Kelantan MY -
501-550 451-500 i University of Sindh PK -
551-600 501-550 i University of Jammu, Jammu IN -
501-550 new University of Suwon KR -
551-600 new University of Surabaya ID -
501-550 new Utsunomiya University JP -
551-600 new Vel Tech University IN -
501-550 501-550 n Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology CN -
551-600 501-550 i Yanbian University CN -
501-550 new Yogyakarta State University ID -
76 77
Asia Rankings 2021
551-600 new Yong in University KR -
551-600 new Ziauddin University PK -
601+ new Adamson University PH -
made in UiTM
601+ new Ahmad Dahlan University ID -
601+ new Aichi Gakuin University JP -
601+ new Aichi University JP -
made for the world

601+ 501-550 i Andong National University KR -
601+ new Anyang University KR -
601+ new Bunkyo University JP -
601+ new Central Luzon State University PH - Opening doors of opportunities, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) provides access to education
601+ new Central Mindanao University PH - for Bumiputeras. UiTM’s inclusivity covers the underprivileged to the disabled as well as
601+ new Central Philippine University PH - international candidates. Thus, making it the largest university in Malaysia accommodating over
601+ new Cheongju University KR -
160,000 learners and counting.
601+ new Chitkara University IN -
Following the success of the Food Bank Malaysia programme launched in 2019, which benefited
601+ new Daejeon University KR - 45,850 households from the Bottom 40 income group, UiTM has taken concerted steps to set-up
601+ new Daejin University KR - its Food Bank Centre for the needy around the campuses. Apart from reducing poverty and
601+ new Da-Yeh University TW - achieving zero hunger, the programme is also aimed at controlling food surplus and educating
the university community about responsible consumption and production. In addition to food
601+ new Foundation University Islamabad PK -
banks, the university is providing affordable accommodation to its students through the
601+ 451-500 i Fukushima University JP - resident-ship within and around the campuses.
601+ new Guangdong University of Technology CN -
601+ 501-550 i Hanseo University KR - these are the.global.goals rewrite the possibilities,
601+ 501-550 i Hindustan Institute of Technology & Science IN -
repurpose our creations.
601+ 501-550 i Icfai Foundation For Higher Education, Hyderabad IN -
601+ new Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City VN -
601+ 451-500 i Islamia College University Peshawar PK -
601+ 501-550 i Jiwaji University, Gwalior IN -
601+ new Josai University JP -
601+ new Kanagawa Institute of Technology JP -
601+ new Kanazawa Institute of Technology JP -
601+ new Kangnam University KR -
601+ new Kobe College JP -
601+ 451-500 i Kongju National University KR -
601+ new Konyang University KR -
601+ new Korea Nazarene University KR -
601+ new Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra IN -
601+ new Kyoto Women's University JP -
601+ new Kyungsung University KR -
601+ new Lahore College For Women University PK -
601+ 501-550 i Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur IN -
601+ 501-550 i National Kaohsiung Normal University TW -
601+ new Nmims University IN -
601+ 501-550 i Northeast Agricultural University CN -
601+ new Ryukoku University JP -
601+ new Sahmyook University KR -
601+ new Seokyeong University KR -
601+ new State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta ID -
601+ new Tsuda College JP -
601+ new Ubon Ratchathani University TH -
601+ new Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta ID -
601+ new Universitas Tarumanagara ID -
601+ new University of Economics Ho Chi Minh City VN -
78 601+ new Xavier University PH -
EECA Rankings 2021
Looking Outward
The Changing Dynamics of Internationalisation in the Baltic
By Leigh Kamolins
Since the first QS Emerging Europe and Central Asia

(EECA) Rankings in 2014, universities across the
region have etched out strengthened positions in the
global higher education landscape.
While true across the region, there have been

pronounced changes in the Baltic countries of
Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania in recent years. In
each, there has been greater engagement in the
international student space, and increasingly outward
In recent years
looking approaches to research.
there have been
also numerous Global internationalisation growth trends in the
narratives that have sector have been well documented over recent
emerged framing years, and the Baltic nations have been no different.
Estonia, Latvia Between 2014 and the 2021 Rankings, the average
and Lithuania as proportion of international students has more
emerging tech hubs than doubled in Estonian, Latvian, and Lithuanian
of Europe. institutions. In Lithuania’s case, the figure almost
grew five-fold, up from 3 percent to 14.
Growth aside, in all three countries, there are now

greater proportions of international students on
average compared with the average across the EECA
region as a whole. Latvian numbers are almost twice
the regional average.
So, what may be behind this growth? While a greater

diversity of countries getting actively involved in
international student markets may well be a global
trend, there also seems to be some interesting local
drivers which may have contributed to this dynamic.
All three Baltic countries have seen acute

Emerging Europe and demographic changes in recent years.
Central Asia
81
EECA Rankings 2021 EECA Rankings 2021
Since 2000, Latvia’s population shrunk by around 17 percent, Lithuania’s by 23

percent, and Estonia’s by 7 percent, most acutely felt among youth populations.
Within the 20–24-year-old age bracket, the population is 41 percent smaller in
Estonia, 42 percent smaller in Lithuania, and 56 percent smaller in Latvia than
it was in 20 years ago.
The impact of these changes on those countries has been profound. In each
of the three, significant government attention has been given to reinvigorating
education and employment markets to stem the tide. Education policy has also
specifically tilt towards “the international” in the higher education sector to
respond to these challenges.
But it is not only the dynamics of the international student space where we have
seen strong examples of internationalisation. Institutions across the Baltic have
also been building strong research partners from around the world.
In the 2021 Rankings there was, on average, a 10 percent increase in partnerships,

and Baltic universities had the most productive partnerships with countries such
as Germany, United Kingdom, United States, Sweden, Finland, Italy and Russia.
In recent years there have been also numerous narratives that have emerged
framing Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania as emerging tech hubs of Europe.
This emergence is perhaps most visible in Estonia, where Tallinn has at times
been referred to as the emerging Silicon Valley of Europe. A recent ranking by
online publication eu-startups.com placed Tallinn at 12th position among the
leading cities in Europe for start-up activity, a significant achievement given
the relative size compared with cities such as London, Berlin and Amsterdam.
Many of these narratives talk about the strength of the higher education sector
in each country supporting this type of ecosystem.
When we look deeper within the QS ranking, there are some hints to support the
tech hub paradigm. In the Employer Reputation component of the Rankings,
employers nominate the universities they feel produce the best graduates.
By overseas employers only, Estonia and Lithuania lead the EECA region in
reputation nominations.
82 83

1 1 n Lomonosov Moscow State University RU 100.00
2 4 h University of Tartu EE 94.99
3 2 i Saint Petersburg State University RU 94.86
4 5 h Charles University CZ 94.30
5 3 i Novosibirsk State University RU 92.43
6 6 n Jagiellonian University PL 89.74
The high opinion of international employers suggests 7 7 n University of Warsaw PL 89.35
graduates are seen as leaving their higher education 8 10 h Masaryk University CZ 88.87
well prepared for the workforce, hinting at them being 9 11= h Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology State University RU 88.53
10 8 i Tomsk State University RU 88.39
strong countries in which to establish a business.
11 11= n Koç University TR 86.16
12= 9 i Czech Technical University in Prague CZ 86.00
The relative strength of the higher education system
12= 14 h Warsaw University of Technology PL 86.00
in each is also pointed to when we look at the number 14 13 i Middle East Technical University TR 85.71
of institutions ranked. 15 15 n Bogaziçi Üniversitesi TR 83.75
16 17 h National Research University - Higher School of Economics RU 81.66
Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania have the third, fourth 17 20 h Istanbul Technical University TR 80.37
and fifth highest number of ranked institutions per 18 16 i Bilkent University TR 80.05
one million of population in the EECA region, showing 19 18= i Al-Farabi Kazakh National University KZ 78.76
perhaps a disproportionate strength relative to each 20 18= i Vilnius University LT 78.56

Between 2014 country’s size. 21 21 n Sabanci University TR 77.12
and the 2021 22 26= h Istanbul University TR 74.92
Rankings, It has been interesting to watch how the performance 23 23 n Brno University of Technology CZ 74.72
h
the average of institutions has developed across the region since 24 28 Eotvos Lorand University HU 74.17
25 25 n Belarus State University BY 74.12
proportion of the first edition of the QS EECA Ranking back in 26 33 h University of Szeged HU 73.10
international 2014. 27 35 h Ural Federal University RU 72.96
students has i National Research Nuclear University (Moscow Engineering Physics
28 24 RU 72.65
more than The international dynamics of universities in Estonia, Institute)
doubled in Latvia and Lithuania look very different than they did 29 30 h Tomsk Polytechnic University RU 72.32
i
Estonian, back then. 30 26= University of Ljubljana SI 72.30
31 22 i Tallinn University of Technology EE 72.07
Latvian, and
Institutions from all three countries have been on a 32 36 h Kazan Federal University RU 71.40
Lithuanian 33 29 i Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv UA 71.36
rapid internationalisation trajectory which appears to
institutions. 34 31 i Bauman Moscow State Technical University RU 71.35
be fuelled by a unique mix of challenges posed by 35 34 i Budapest University of Technology and Economics HU 70.99
demographic shift, dynamic employment markets as 36 46 h Itmo University RU 70.07
well as a more general international outlook by policy 37 44 h Palacký University in Olomouc CZ 69.14
makers within each of the countries. 38 32 i Vilnius Gediminas Technical University LT 67.20
39 37 i University of Debrecen HU 66.37
With the impending challenges faced by the sector 40 40 n Babes-Bolyai University RO 66.36
as we emerge from the COVID-19 crisis, it will be 41 39 i University of Latvia LV 66.17

42 45 h National University of Science and Technology "Misis" RU 65.73
interesting to see to what extent this drive towards
43= 41 i Hacettepe University TR 65.20
internationalisation continues and whether it 43= 58 h Rudn University RU 65.20
remains aligned with the local needs of each of these 45 47 h Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University RU 64.97
countries. 46 43 i Wrocław University of Science and Technology PL 64.87
47 38 i University of Zagreb HR 64.72
The full version of this abridged article first appeared 48 49 h Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski" BG 64.00
in the 2021 EECA Rankings Higher Education Report. 49 52 h Agh University of Science and Technology PL 61.73
84 85
50 53 h Kaunas University of Technology LT 60.85 100 91 i University of Pannonia HU 38.33
51 48 i Comenius University in Bratislava SK 60.07 101 92 i Novosibirsk State Technical University RU 37.97
52 51 i L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University KZ 59.94 102 104 h Technical University of Kosice SK 37.69
53 56 h Moscow State Institute of International Relations (Mgimo University) RU 59.85 103 90 i Far Eastern Federal University RU 37.23
54 60 h Adam Mickiewicz University PL 59.72 104 124 h M.O.Auezov South Kazakhstan State University KZ 36.78
55 96 h University of Cyprus CY 59.71 105 98= i Samara National Research University (Samara University) RU 36.38
56 42 i University of Bucharest RO 59.48 106 100 i Ege Üniversitesi TR 36.30
57 54 i Riga Technical University LV 59.10 107 98= i New Economic School, Russia RU 36.29
58 57 i University of Wroclaw PL 58.76 108 86 i Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University GE 36.10
59 55 i Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava SK 58.48 109 110 h Szent István University Gödöllő HU 35.31
60 63 h University of Belgrade RS 58.26 110 new Cyprus University of Technology CY 35.09
61 50 i Corvinus University of Budapest HU 58.03 111 112 h Technical University of Liberec CZ 34.84
62 59 i University of Pécs HU 56.62 112 116 h Klaipeda University LT 34.63
63 65 h Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague CZ 55.90 113 115 h Lithuanian University of Health Sciences LT 34.57
64 62 i University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague CZ 54.85 114 117= h University of West Bohemia CZ 33.68
65 61 i Vytautas Magnus University LT 53.43 115 128= h National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute" UA 33.19
66 67 h National Technical University of Ukraine "Kyiv Polytechnic Institute" UA 53.17 116 128= h South Ural State University RU 32.92
67 68= h V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University UA 52.28 117 142= h Altai State University RU 32.91
68 66 i Ankara Üniversitesi TR 51.54 118 117= i Sumy State University UA 32.50
69 73 h Satbayev University KZ 50.23 119 133= h University of Novi Sad RS 32.47
70 64 i Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod RU 49.23 120 119 i Technical University of Cluj-Napoca RO 32.29
71 71 n Tallinn University EE 48.43 121 141 h Riga Stradins University LV 32.22
72 70 i University of Maribor SI 48.29 122 123 h University of South Bohemia CZ 32.21
73 72 i University Politehnica of Bucharest RO 48.22 123 121 i University of Miskolc HU 32.10
74 77= h Technical University of Ostrava CZ 46.61 124 111 i Poznan University of Life Sciences PL 31.91
75 84 h Plekhanov Russian University of Economics RU 46.41 125 106= i University of Split HR 31.54
76 75 i Mendel University in Brno CZ 45.95 126 106= i University of Nicosia CY 31.41
77 80= h Poznan University of Technology PL 45.39 127 122 i Siberian Federal University RU 31.35
78 83 h University of Lodz PL 45.30 128 113= i University of Rijeka HR 31.15
79 79 n Cracow University of Technology PL 44.47 129 130 h University of Pardubice CZ 30.49
80 76 i University of Nova Gorica SI 44.34 130 109 i Polytechnic University of Timișoara RO 30.27
81 68= i Alexandru Ioan Cuza University RO 43.42 131 185 h Russian-Armenian (Slavonic) State University AM 29.85
82 105 h Kazakh National Pedagogical University Abai KZ 43.03 132 142= h Mykolas Romeris University LT 29.37
83 97 h Kazakh National Agrarian University KZ 42.98 133 133= n University of Primorska SI 29.17
84 82 i University of Gdansk PL 42.86 134 126 i Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje MK 28.99
85 88= h Nicolaus Copernicus University PL 42.60 135 152 h Kazakh National Medical University (Kaznmu) KZ 28.68
86 77= i University of Silesia PL 42.33 The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public
136 140 h RU 28.60
i Administration
87 85 Tomas Bata University in Zlin CZ 42.25
137 149 h Njsc Kimep University KZ 28.59
88 103 h Belarusian National Technical University BY 41.24
138 163 h American University of Central Asia KG 28.57
89 108 h Gdansk University of Technology PL 41.02
139 154 h Sechenov University RU 28.40
90 88= i Southern Federal University RU 40.73
140 158= h Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics BY 28.18
91 101= h Lodz University of Technology PL 40.33
141 131 i National Research Saratov State University RU 28.15
92 94 h Kazakh-British Technical University KZ 40.09
142 147 h University of Niš RS 28.07
93 80= i The "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iasi RO 39.79
143 145= h Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University Etu-Leti RU 27.80
94 101= h Warsaw University of Life Sciences PL 39.73
144 120 i University of Sarajevo BA 27.72
95 74 i West University of Timisoara RO 39.52
145 161 h University of Ostrava CZ 27.61
96 87 i Yildiz Technical University TR 39.31
146 150 h Pavol Josef Safarik University SK 27.42
97 95 i Silesian University of Technology in Gliwice PL 38.50
147 132 i Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi TR 27.26
98 113= h National University Lviv Polytechnic UA 38.44
148 137= i Erciyes Üniversitesi TR 27.17
99 93 i Gazi Üniversitesi TR 38.41
86 87
149 151 h E.A.Buketov Karaganda State University KZ 27.15 198 211-220 h Moscow State University of Civil Engineering RU 20.08
150 133= i Izmir Yüksek Teknoloji Enstitüsü (Iyte) TR 27.06 199 201-210 h Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia RU 19.93
151 158= h Medical University Sofia BG 26.92 200 201-210 h Perm State University RU 19.89
152 153 h Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University) RU 26.88 201-210 new European University Cyprus (Euc) CY 18.7 - 19.82
153 136 i Gebze Yüksek Teknoloji Enstitüsü (Gyte) TR 26.33 201-210 157 i Marmara University TR 18.7 - 19.82
154 new Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra SK 26.24 201-210 211-220 h National Bohdan Khmelnytsky University of Cherkasy UA 18.7 - 19.82
131 125 i National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy (Naukma) UA 30.04 201-210 194 i Pázmány Péter Catholic University HU 18.7 - 19.82
156 148 i Anadolu University TR 25.71 201-210 new South East European University MK 18.7 - 19.82
157 174= h Financial University Under the Government of the Russian Federation RU 25.30 201-210 180 i Tobb University of Economics and Technology TR 18.7 - 19.82
158 137= i University Dunarea De Jos of Galati RO 25.13 201-210 211-220 h Tyumen State University RU 18.7 - 19.82
159 188 h Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University RU 24.82 201-210 162 i University of Opole PL 18.7 - 19.82
160 145= i Voronezh State University RU 24.74 201-210 221-230 h University of Rzeszów PL 18.7 - 19.82
161 165 h University of Žilina SK 24.65 201-210 176 i University of Sibiu RO 18.7 - 19.82
162 190= h D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan State Technical University KZ 24.62 211-220 new Bahcesehir University TR 18.17 - 18.65
163 166 h Sarajevo School of Science and Technology BA 24.17 211-220 201-210 i Baku State University AZ 18.17 - 18.65
164 144 i University of Suceava RO 24.13 211-220 197= i Galatasaray Üniversitesi TR 18.17 - 18.65
165 173 h Saint-Petersburg Mining University RU 24.10 211-220 174= i Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies LV 18.17 - 18.65
166 127 i Istanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi TR 23.89 211-220 201-210 i Ogarev Mordovia State University RU 18.17 - 18.65
167 155= i Bucharest University of Economic Studies RO 23.73 211-220 221-230 h Omsk State Technical University RU 18.17 - 18.65
168 167 i Belgorod State University RU 23.61 211-220 221-230 h Russian State University For the Humanities RU 18.17 - 18.65
Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas (National Research 211-220 155= i Technical University of Lublin PL 18.17 - 18.65
169 182 h RU 23.60
University) i
211-220 195= University of Bialystok PL 18.17 - 18.65
170 164 i National Research University "Moscow Power Engineering Institute" RU 23.59
211-220 190= i University of Craiova RO 18.17 - 18.65
171 177= h Ataturk University TR 23.46
221-230 251-300 h Azerbaijan State University of Economics AZ 16.86 - 18.08
172 160 i Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia RU 23.31
221-230 new Belarusian State Technological University BY 16.86 - 18.08
173 201-210 h Széchenyi István University HU 23.18
221-230 221-230 n Cankaya Üniversitesi TR 16.86 - 18.08
174 168= i Eastern Mediterranean University NCY 23.10
221-230 211-220 i Izmir Ekonomi Universitesi TR 16.86 - 18.08
175 211-220 h Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University KZ 22.87
h Kazakh Ablai Khan University of International Relations and World
i 221-230 241-250 KZ 16.86 - 18.08
176 168= University of Hradec Kralove CZ 22.82 Languages
177 170 i American University in Bulgaria BG 22.68 221-230 201-210 i Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology RU 16.86 - 18.08
178 301-350 h University of Kragujevac RS 22.66 221-230 241-250 h St.Petersburg State University of Economics RU 16.86 - 18.08
179 171 i Yerevan State University AM 22.63 221-230 new Tajik National University TJ 16.86 - 18.08
180 197= h Karaganda State Technical University KZ 22.50 221-230 211-220 i University of Oradea RO 16.86 - 18.08
181 201-210 h National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine UA 22.44 221-230 201-210 i University of Sopron HU 16.86 - 18.08
182 181 i Perm National Research Polytechnic University RU 22.28 221-230 221-230 n Varna University of Management (Vum) BG 16.86 - 18.08
183 190= h Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University KG 22.24 231-240 201-210 i Firat Üniversitesi TR 16.19 - 16.84
184 172 i University of Zielona Góra (Uniwersytet Zielonogórski) PL 22.20 231-240 new Ivan Franko National University of Lviv UA 16.19 - 16.84
185 193 h Kazan National Research Technical University RU 22.17 231-240 201-210 i J.J. Strossmayer University, in Osijek HR 16.19 - 16.84
186 177= i Constantine the Philosopher University SK 22.00 231-240 241-250 h Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics (Mtuci) RU 16.19 - 16.84
187 187 n Akdeniz Üniversitesi TR 21.31 231-240 199= i Óbuda University HU 16.19 - 16.84
188 177= i Cukurova University TR 21.29 231-240 251-300 h Russian State Social University RU 16.19 - 16.84
189 184 i National Research University of Electronic Technology - Miet RU 21.23 231-240 251-300 h Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics UA 16.19 - 16.84
190 137= i Transilvania University of Brasov RO 21.12 231-240 211-220 i Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics RU 16.19 - 16.84
191 195= h Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno BY 20.90 231-240 251-300 h Volgograd State University RU 16.19 - 16.84
192 189 i Ozyegin University TR 20.85 241-250 241-250 n Atilim Universitesi TR 15.22 - 16.11
193 183 i Abdullah Gul University TR 20.71 241-250 211-220 i Donetsk National Technical University UA 15.22 - 16.11
194 201-210 h Kazan National Research Technological University RU 20.68 241-250 231-240 i Gdynia Maritime University PL 15.22 - 16.11
195 199= h Moscow State University of Food Production RU 20.54 241-250 251-300 h I.Zhansugurov Zhetysu State University KZ 15.22 - 16.11
196 186 i Tomsk State Pedagogical University RU 20.48 241-250 221-230 i Irkutsk State University RU 15.22 - 16.11
197 221-230 h Almaty Technological University KZ 20.33 241-250 221-230 i Khazar University AZ 15.22 - 16.11
88 89
241-250 221-230 i Moscow State Linguistic University RU 15.22 - 16.11 251-300 251-300 n University of Mostar BA 11.66 - 15.21
241-250 211-220 i Moscow State University of Technology Stankin RU 15.22 - 16.11 251-300 221-230 i University of Nyíregyháza HU 11.66 - 15.21
241-250 231-240 i Northern (Arctic) Federal University Named After M.V. Lomonosov RU 15.22 - 16.11 251-300 231-240 i Uzhgorod National University UA 11.66 - 15.21
Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Agricultural Academy Named 251-300 301-350 h Yaroslavl State University RU 11.66 - 15.21
241-250 251-300 h RU 15.22 - 16.11
After K.A.Timiryazev (Rsau-Mtaa)
251-300 new Yerevan State University of Architecture and Construction AM 11.66 - 15.21
251-300 251-300 n Abant Izzet Baysal Üniversitesi TR 11.66 - 15.21
251-300 251-300 n Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov RU 11.66 - 15.21
251-300 241-250 i American University of Armenia AM 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 301-350 n ”Vasile Goldiș” Western University of Arad RO 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 new Armenian State University of Economics AM 11.66 - 15.21 i
301-350 251-300 Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi TR 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 241-250 i Baskent University TR 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 301-350 n Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi TR 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 231-240 i Canakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi TR 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 301-350 n Azerbaijan Diplomatic Academy AZ 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 231-240 i Daugavpils University LV 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 301-350 n Balikesir Üniversitesi TR 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 251-300 n Don State Technical University RU 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 301-350 n Bashkir State University RU 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 241-250 i Donetsk National University UA 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 251-300 i Celal Bayar Üniversitesi TR 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 301-350 h Dostoevsky Omsk State University RU 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 251-300 i Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi TR 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 251-300 n Gaziosmanpasa Üniversitesi TR 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 251-300 i Dumlupinar Üniversitesi TR 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 301-350 h Georgian Technical University GE 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 251-300 i Eszterházy Károly University, Eger HU 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 new Goce Delchev University MK 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 new Gaziantep University TR 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 221-230 i Harran Üniversitesi TR 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 251-300 i I. I. Polzunov Altai State Technical University RU 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 251-300 n Istanbul Aydin University TR 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 251-300 i Inönü Üniversitesi TR 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 new Istanbul Gelisim University TR 11.66 - 15.21 i
301-350 251-300 Irkutsk National Research Technical University RU 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 251-300 n Jan Evangelista Purkyně University CZ 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 251-300 i Isik Üniversitesi TR 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 241-250 i Kharkiv National University of Radio Electronics UA 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 251-300 i Istanbul Ticaret Universitesi TR 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 301-350 h Moldova Technical University MD 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 new Ivano Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas UA 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 251-300 n Moscow Pedagogical State University RU 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 301-350 n Ivanovo State Power Engineering University Named After V.I. Lenin RU 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 231-240 i Moscow Technological University RU 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 251-300 i Kadir Has Üniversitesi TR 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 251-300 n Narxoz University KZ 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 301-350 n Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church Budapest HU 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 241-250 i National Aviation University UA 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 301-350 n Kazakh State Women's Teacher Training University KZ 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 251-300 n North-Caucasus Federal University RU 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 301-350 n Kiev National Linguistics University UA 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 231-240 i North-Eastern Federal University in Yakutsk RU 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 301-350 n Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University UA 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 251-300 n Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University RU 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 new Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design UA 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 251-300 n Pavlodar State University Named After Toraighyrov KZ 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 301-350 n Moldova State University MD 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 231-240 i Penza State University RU 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 251-300 i Moscow Polytechnic University RU 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 241-250 i Petrozavodsk State University RU 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 251-300 i Namik Kemal University TR 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 251-300 n S.Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical University KZ 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 251-300 i National Mining University UA 9.05 - 11.59
Saint-Petersburg University of Management Technologies and Econom- n
251-300 251-300 n RU 11.66 - 15.21 301-350 301-350 North-Kazakhstan State University Named After M. Kozybayev KZ 9.05 - 11.59
ics (Umte)
301-350 new Orel State University RU 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 241-250 i Sakarya University TR 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 251-300 i Petersburg State Transport University RU 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 251-300 n Samara Polytech (Samara State Technical University) RU 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 new Platov South Russian State Polytechnic University RU 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 251-300 n Silesian University in Opava CZ 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 new Russian State Hydrometeorological University RU 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 251-300 n Southwest State University RU 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 301-350 n Saint-Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation (Suai) RU 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 new Suleyman Demirel University TR 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 301-350 n Samara State University of Economics RU 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 251-300 n Tambov State Technical University RU 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 301-350 n Semey State University Named After Shakarim KZ 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 301-350 h Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Melioration UZ 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 251-300 i Siberian State Aerospace University RU 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 251-300 n The National University of Ostroh Academy UA 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 new State University of Management RU 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 251-300 n Ufa State Aviation Technical University (Usatu) RU 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 301-350 n The Ural State University of Economics RU 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 301-350 h Ufa State Petroleum Technological University RU 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 301-350 n Tver State Technical University (Tstu) RU 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 new Ukrainian National Forestry University UA 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 new Udmurt State University RU 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 231-240 i Ulyanovsk State University RU 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 301-350 n University of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy BG 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 251-300 n University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest RO 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 301-350 n University of Banja Luka BA 9.05 - 11.59
251-300 231-240 i University of Kaposvár HU 11.66 - 15.21
301-350 251-300 i University of Dubrovnik HR 9.05 - 11.59
90 91
CS- 351-400 301-350 i Vistula University PL -
301-350 251-300 i University of Prishtina 9.05 - 11.59
KM
351-400 new Vladimir State University RU -
301-350 301-350 n University of Zadar HR 9.05 - 11.59
351-400 301-350 i Voronezh Institute of High Technologies RU -
301-350 301-350 n Vinnytsia National Technical University UA 9.05 - 11.59
351-400 new Voronezh State Technical University RU -
301-350 251-300 i Volgograd State Technical University RU 9.05 - 11.59
351-400 301-350 i Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies RU -
301-350 new Western Ukrainian National University UA 9.05 - 11.59
351-400 new Vyatka State University RU -
301-350 251-300 i Yildirim Beyazit Universitesi TR 9.05 - 11.59
351-400 301-350 i Yaroslav-The-Wise Novgorod State University RU -
351-400 new Agricultural University of Tirana AL -
351-400 new Zhangir Khan West Kazakhstan Agrarian-Technical University KZ -
351-400 new Aleksandë Moisiu University of Durrës AL -
351-400 new Astrakhan State University RU -
351-400 301-350 i Azerbaijan Architecture and Construction University AZ -
351-400 new Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University AZ -
351-400 new Baku Engineering University AZ -
351-400 301-350 i Belgorod State Technological University Named After V.G.Shoukhov RU -
351-400 new Dagestan State University RU -
351-400 new Epoka University AL -
351-400 301-350 i European University, North Macedonia MK -
351-400 301-350 i Istanbul Kültür Universitesi TR -
351-400 new K.Zhubanov Aktobe Regional State University KZ -
351-400 301-350 i Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University RU -
351-400 new Kaliningrad State Technical University RU -
351-400 new Kemerovo State University RU -
351-400 301-350 i Kuban State University RU -
351-400 301-350 i Moscow City University RU -
351-400 new Moscow Financial and Industrial University "Synergy" RU -
351-400 301-350 i Moscow State University of Railway Engineering (Miit) RU -
351-400 new National University of Uzbekistan UZ -
351-400 new Orenburg State University RU -
351-400 251-300 i Ovidius University of Constanta RO -
351-400 new Polytechnic University of Tirana AL -
351-400 new Pyatigorsk State University RU -
351-400 301-350 i Rostov State University of Economics RU -
351-400 new Russian New University RU -
i Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering

351-400 301-350 RU -
(Spbgasu)
351-400 new Samarkand State University UZ -
351-400 301-350 i Siauliai University LT -
351-400 new Suleyman Demirel University, Kazakhstan KZ -
351-400 301-350 i Taraz State University Named After М.Kh. Dulaty KZ -
351-400 new Tashkent State Technical University UZ -
351-400 301-350 i Transport and Telecommunication Institute, Riga LV -
351-400 new Tula State University RU -
351-400 new Turan University KZ -
351-400 301-350 i Tyumen Industrial University RU -
351-400 new University of Economics - Varna BG -
351-400 new University of Targu Jiu RO -
351-400 301-350 i University of Tirana AL -
351-400 301-350 i University of Tuzla BA -
351-400 new University St.Kliment Ohridski in Bitola MK -
351-400 new Varna Free University BG -
92 93
WWW.PNU.EDU.SA
[email protected]
+966 11 8220000
_PNU_KSA
THE WORLD'S LARGEST WOMEN'S UNIVERSITY
COMPETITIVE PNU added 25 extra specialized academic

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ADVANTAGE the country’s vision, growth and development.
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LATAM Rankings 2021
Mexican higher education at a crossroads

By Amity Bacon
Like most nations, the Mexico of just a few years ago

is not the Mexico of today, with economic trends
reversing course and higher education just one facet
of the country’s COVID-19 related collateral damage.
Since president Andrés Manuel López Obrador

(AMLO) took office in December 2018, there has
been much to be optimistic about. Mexico’s colleges
and universities accounted for a substantial portion
of Latin America’s top institutions in the 2021 QS
“We have LATAM Rankings, and last year, PWC predicted
seen inequity Mexico would earn a spot in the ‘top 10 of the world
in terms of economies’ by 2050.
access to higher
education There is still time for the culturally rich and ethnically
among the diverse neighbor to the US to steer itself back on
general track. But for now, the nation is facing its biggest
population.” recession since 1932, with AMLO hard-pressed to
develop an ambitious financial plan,
With no clear model of economic growth, the IMF

says Mexico’s economy may not recover to pre-
pandemic levels for as long as five years.
Roadblocks ahead for equity in higher education
For Mexican universities, COVID-19 induced

economic concerns are a major setback for equity.
Only 21 of 100 elementary school children graduate
from college.
“Higher education in Mexico had its own

problems before the pandemic,” says Dr Javier
Cuesta, Divisional Director of Humanities and
Communications at Universidad Iberoamericana
(IBERO) in Mexico City.
Latin America
97
LATAM Rankings 2021 LATAM Rankings 2021
“We have seen inequity in terms of access to higher education among the
general population, inequity between those from cities and those from the
countryside, and inequity among people with the lowest incomes. We were
asking, ‘How can education have the same results for people with no internet,
no cellphones?’”
During his 2018 presidential election campaign, AMLO promised to introduce

the ‘Cuarta Transformacion’ or ‘Fourth Transformation (4T)’ to reform Mexican
society. His 4T strategy would eradicate poverty, corruption, and give the
nation hope. Speaking to the strong desire for Mexican society to experience
monumental change, AMLO won over the electorate by a landslide.
Three years after AMLO’s promise of a transformation, however, plans have

been stymied. Prior to the global pandemic’s arrival, many leading Mexican
institutions were prioritizing internationalisation at a rapid clip.
A pivot towards a new future
Mexican institutions have continued to face challenges both divorced from and
exacerbated by COVID-19. Safety and security on campus is still a weak spot
in cities and regions where violent crime, often drug cartel-related, still looms.
“Student mobility has been weakened by insecurity on campus and lack of

transportation, particularly in places where drug cartels and drug consumption
are present,” says Dr Comas Rodriguez, Coordinator of Institutional Information
at the Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM) in Mexico City.
In addition, changing economic circumstances for students in other Latin

American nations have stifled the inflow of students from Central and South
America. According to Dr Rodriguez, the staggering drop in currency levels,
especially in places like Argentina and Brazil, have contributed to the disruption
of student mobility.
“We are living in a difficult situation, but as we try to move forward, we need to
think of higher education with more of a digital component that can overcome
physical barriers, even after coming back from COVID-19,” says Dr Rodriguez.
98 99

1 1 n Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile CL 100.00
2 2 n Universidade de São Paulo BR 99.66
3 3 n Tecnológico de Monterrey MX 99.53
4 7 h Universidad de Chile CL 97.42
5 5 n Universidade Estadual de Campinas BR 95.68
6 4 i Universidad de los Andes Colombia CO 95.09
7 6 i Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México MX 94.13
8 8 n Universidad de Buenos Aires AR 92.93
9 9 n Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro BR 89.24
A continued trajectory of growth 10 10 n Universidad Nacional de Colombia CO 86.23
11 12 h Universidad de Concepción CL 83.01
While higher education around the globe continues 12 11 i Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" BR 82.79
to re-invent itself and student mobility wanes, Dr 13 14 h Universidad de Antioquia CO 80.83
Cuesta of IBERO has a few predictions for Mexico’s 14 13 i Universidad de Santiago de Chile CL 79.84
sector. He believes there will be fewer students and 15 17 h Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais BR 77.83
h
institutions domestically. 16 18 Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú PE 77.73
17 15 i Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro - Puc - Rio BR 76.37
i
“We have been seeing such a huge growth in recent 18 16 Pontificia Universidad Javeriana CO 75.14
19 19= new Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul BR 75.00
years with new institutions—many of them not of 20 19= new Universidad de Costa Rica CR 72.10
good quality. Due to the fact that public universities 21 26 h Universidad Nacional de La Plata AR 71.14
“As we try to were not able to reach all students, more private 22 21 i Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso CL 71.00
move forward, universities opened up to fill that gap. In 2021-2023, 23 22= new Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina BR 70.06
we need to there will be many shut-downs; the market is going 24 24 n Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez CL 69.69
think of higher to contract.” 25 25 n Instituto Politécnico Nacional MX 69.07
education with 26 30 h Universidade Federal de São Paulo BR 67.41
more of a digital However, this contraction in the number of 27 28 h Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana MX 67.19
28 22= new Universidad de La Habana CU 67.17
component.” institutions, believes Dr Cuesta, will be a net positive. n
29 29 Universidade de Brasilia BR 67.00
30 33 h Universidad Austral AR 66.25
“We are going to see a trend in the concentration of
31 31 n Universidad Nacional de Córdoba AR 65.58
businesses, with huge joint ventures between private 32 35 h Universidade Federal de São Carlos BR 65.38
and public institutions,” he says. 33 27 i Universidad Torcuato Di Tella AR 65.26
34 36 h Universidad Diego Portales CL 65.06
“At the same time, face-to-face instruction will 35 32 i Universidade Federal do Paraná BR 64.77
become the gold standard and a strong system for 36 37 h Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María CL 64.70
professional skills,” 37 40 h Universidad de Puerto Rico PR 64.65
38 34 i Universidad Austral de Chile CL 63.74
In terms of the state of Mexican higher education 39 42 h Universidad Iberoamericana MX 62.04
today, he is cautiously optimistic. 40 47 h Universidad del Rosario CO 61.94

41 43 h Universidad Central de Venezuela VE 59.60
“With online mobility, we can offer almost every 42 39 i Instituto Tecnológico Autonomo de México MX 59.44
subject to everyone in the world. We are trying to 43 46 h Universidad de Guadalajara MX 58.95

44 48 h Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León MX 58.90
create a new model that we’ve never had before. It is i
45 44 Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina Santa María de los Buenos Aires AR 58.68
too soon to say if we are successful.” 46 45 i Universidade Federal do Pernambuco BR 58.37
47 49 h Universidad de La República UY 57.92
The full version of this abridged article first appeared 48 62 h Universidad de La Sabana CO 54.60
in QS-GEN 3, February 2021. 49 38 i Universidad Simón Bolívar Venezuela VE 54.59
50 58 h Universidad del Valle CO 53.78
100 101
51 53 h Universidad de Talca CL 53.59 100 93= new Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora BR 40.37
52 50 i Universidad de Las Américas Puebla MX 53.52 101 105 h Universidad Católica del Uruguay UY 39.75
53 41 i Universidad de San Andrés AR 51.85 102 100 i Universidad Tecnológica Nacional (Utn) AR 39.57
54 60 h Universidade Federal do Ceará BR 51.63 103 101= new Universidad Icesi CO 39.19
55 55= new Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul BR 51.45 104 97 i Universidade Federal de Goiás BR 38.90
56 73= new Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia PE 51.33 105 110= new Universidad del Bio-Bio CL 38.83
57 63 h Universidad Eafit CO 51.25 106 98= new Escuela Politécnica Nacional EC 38.71
58 65 h Universidad del Norte CO 51.14 107 107= new Universidade Federal da Paraíba BR 38.57
59 51= new Pontificia Universidade Católica de São Paulo BR 50.70 108 116 h Universidade Federal de Lavras BR 38.55
60 54 i Universidade Federal Fluminense BR 50.61 109 75= new Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador EC 38.53
61 51= new Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro BR 50.57 110 88 i Universidad Autónoma de San Luis de Potosí MX 38.51
62 73= new Universidad de La Frontera CL 50.24 111= 95= new Universidad Nacional del Sur AR 38.32
63 59 i Universidad Nacional de Rosario AR 49.99 111= 107= new Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto BR 38.32
64 69 h Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana CO 49.47 113 114 h Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo BR 38.22
65 55= new Universidad de San Francisco de Quito EC 49.37 114 118 h Universidade Federal do Abc (Ufabc) BR 37.97
66 67 h Universidad de los Andes Chile CL 49.31 115 120 h Universidad de Tarapaca CL 37.73
67 70= new Universidad Industrial de Santander CO 48.62 116 112 i Universidade Federal de Uberlândia BR 37.43
68 70= new Universidad Andrés Bello - Unab CL 48.55 117 115 i Universidad de Belgrano AR 37.12
69 70= new Tecnológico de Costa Rica CR 48.54 118 129 h Universidade Federal do Rio Grande BR 36.69
70 66 i Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México MX 48.16 120 136= new Universidad Iberoamericana (Unibe) DO 36.20
71 61 i Universidad Nacional Costa Rica CR 47.89 121 110= new Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata AR 35.97
72 78 h Universidade Federal da Bahia BR 47.41 122 122 n Universidade Federal de Campina Grande BR 35.78
73 79 h Universidade Federal de Pelotas BR 46.70 123 130 h Universidad de Las Ciencias Informã¡Ticas (Cuba) CU 35.42
74 64 i Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral - Espol EC 46.47 124 126 h Universidad Tecnológica de Panamá (Utp) PA 35.39
75 82= new Universidad de los Andes Mérida VE 46.36 125 127 h Pontificia Universidade Católica do Paraná -Pucpr BR 35.04
76 84 h Universidad Católica Andrés Bello - Ucab VE 46.33 126 113 i Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie BR 34.92
77 68 i Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos PE 45.88 127 144= new Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina PE 34.91
78 57 i Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires AR 45.77 128 146= new Universidad Mayor de San Andrés BO 34.77
79 107= new Universidad de Palermo AR 45.27 129 142= new Universidad de Antofagasta CL 34.44
80 103 h Universidad del Desarrollo CL 45.19 130 121 i Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná BR 34.16
81 81 n Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte BR 44.96 131 124= new Universidade Federal do Parà - Ufpa BR 34.11
82 82= new Colegio de México MX 44.93 132 new Federal University Of Health Sciences Of Porto Alegre (Ufcspa) BR 33.91
83 98= new Universidad Panamericana MX 44.59 133 171-180 h Universidad de Lima PE 33.39
84 75= new Universidad Anahuac MX 44.58 134 151-160 h Universidad de La Serena CL 33.06
85 85 n Universidad de Montevideo UY 44.40 135 128 i Universidad Nacional de San Martín (Unsam) AR 33.03
86 104 h Universidad Externado de Colombia CO 44.17 136 150= new Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro BR 33.02
87 91 h Universidad de Oriente Santiago de Cuba CU 44.09 137 131 i Universidad Nacional de Asunción PY 32.96
88 77 i Universidade Federal de Viçosa BR 44.03 138 136= new Universidad Veracruzana MX 32.53
89 93= new Universidad Nacional del Litoral AR 43.39 139 133= new Universidade do Vale do Rio Dos Sinos BR 32.37
90 80 i Universidad de Valparaíso CL 43.14 140 150= new Universidad Nacional de San Luis AR 32.22
91 101= new Universidad Ort Uruguay UY 42.96 141 148 h Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro MX 32.15
92 89= new Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla MX 42.66 142 140= new Universidade Federal de Alagoas BR 31.88
93 95= new Universidad Católica del Norte CL 42.55 143 133= new Universidad Católica de Córdoba AR 31.62
94 106 h Universidad de Monterrey MX 41.50 144 123 i Universidade Federal de Itajubá BR 31.60
95 135 h Universidad del Pacifico PE 41.43 145 151-160 h Universidad Alberto Hurtado CL 31.52
96= 117 new Universidad Nacional de Cuyo AR 41.38 146 151-160 h Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas PE 31.37
96= 86 new Universidade Estadual de Londrina BR 41.38 147 151-160 h Universidad Autónoma de Baja California MX 31.21
96= 92 new Universidade Estadual de Maringá BR 41.38 148 151-160 h Universidad del Valle de Guatemala (Uvg) GT 31.00
99 87 i Universidade Federal de Santa Maria BR 40.97 149 151-160 h Universidad Central Marta Abreu de Las Villas CU 30.74
99 89= new Universidad de Guanajuato MX 41.34 150 124= new Universidad Nacional de Quilmes AR 30.69
102 103
151-160 191-200 h Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala - Usac GT - 191-200 201-250 h Universidade Federal Dos Vales do Jequitinhonha E Mucuri BR -
151-160 161-170 h Universidad del Zulia VE - 201-250 301-350 h Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lorenz CO -
151-160 171-180 h Universidad El Bosque CO - 201-250 251-300 h Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência E Tecnologia do Paraná - Ifpr BR -
151-160 181-190 h Universidade do Estado da Bahia BR - 201-250 201-250 n Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo (Intec) DO -
151-160 132 i Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa BR - 201-250 201-250 n Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora (Itson) MX -
151-160 161-170 h Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná BR - 201-250 201-250 n Pontificia Universidad Catolica Madre Y Maestra DO -
151-160 161-170 h Universidade Federal de Alfenas BR - 201-250 201-250 n Pontificia Universidade Católica do Minas Gerais - Puc Minas BR -
151-160 138 i Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso BR - 201-250 251-300 h The University Of Fortaleza-Unifor BR -
151-160 142= new Universidade Federal de Sergipe (Ufs) BR - 201-250 181-190 i Universidad Antonio Nariño (Uan) CO -
151-160 144= new Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul BR - 201-250 201-250 n Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes MX -
161-170 191-200 h Fundación Universidad de Bogotá-Jorge Tadeo Lozano CO - 201-250 251-300 h Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga CO -
161-170 191-200 h Universidad Autónoma de Chile CL - 201-250 191-200 i Universidad Autónoma de Chapingo MX -
161-170 151-160 i Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán MX - 201-250 201-250 n Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas MX -
161-170 139 i Universidad Central del Ecuador EC - 201-250 171-180 i Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad de Juárez MX -
161-170 171-180 h Universidad de Medellin CO - 201-250 251-300 h Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila MX -
161-170 171-180 h Universidad Latinoamericana de Ciencia Y Tecnología Costa Rica (Ulacit) CR - 201-250 201-250 n Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara (Uag) MX -
161-170 181-190 h Universidad Metropolitana VE - 201-250 201-250 n Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas MX -
161-170 140= new Universidad Nacional de Tucumán AR - 201-250 201-250 n Universidad Católica de La Santísima Concepción - Ucsc CL -
161-170 161-170 n Universidade Federal do Amazonas BR - 201-250 201-250 n Universidad Católica de Temuco CL -
161-170 171-180 h Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro BR - 201-250 201-250 n Universidad Católica Nuestra Señora de La Asunción PY -
171-180 191-200 h Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo MX - 201-250 201-250 n Universidad de Caldas CO -
171-180 151-160 i Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos MX - 201-250 191-200 i Universidad de Especialidades Espiritu Santo EC -
171-180 181-190 h Universidad de Carabobo VE - 201-250 201-250 n Universidad de La Salle CO -
171-180 201-250 h Universidad de Córdoba CO - 201-250 201-250 n Universidad de Las Américas (Udla) Ecuador EC -
171-180 191-200 h Universidad de Magallanes (Umag) CL - 201-250 201-250 n Universidad de Quintana Roo MX -
171-180 181-190 h Universidad de Piura PE - 201-250 251-300 h Universidad de San Buenaventura CO -
171-180 161-170 i Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo MX - 201-250 new Universidad del Norte (Uninorte) PY -
171-180 171-180 n Universidad Nacional del Centro de La Provincia de Buenos Aires AR - 201-250 161-170 i Universidad del Salvador AR -
171-180 161-170 i Universidade Federal do Maranhão BR - 201-250 251-300 h Universidad Iberoamericana Puebla MX -
171-180 161-170 i Universidade Federal do Pampa BR - 201-250 201-250 n Universidad Interamericana de Puerto Rico PR -
181-190 181-190 n Pontificia Universidade Católica do Campinas - Puc Campinas BR - 201-250 201-250 n Universidad Jesuita de Guadalajara - Iteso MX -
181-190 201-250 h Universidad Argentina de La Empresa -Uade AR - 201-250 201-250 n Universidad Latina de Costa Rica CR -
181-190 181-190 n Universidad de Colima MX - 201-250 301-350 h Universidad Mayor de San Simón Cochabamba BO -
181-190 161-170 i Universidad de Cuenca EC - 201-250 251-300 h Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos AR -
181-190 149 i Universidad de Panamá (Up) PA - 201-250 201-250 n Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto AR -
181-190 201-250 h Universidad del Valle de Mexico (Uvm) MX - 201-250 201-250 n Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco PE -
181-190 201-250 h Universidad La Salle (Ulsa) MX - 201-250 201-250 n Universidad Privada Boliviana BO -
181-190 146= new Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina BR - 201-250 251-300 h Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola PE -
181-190 181-190 n Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense BR - 201-250 251-300 h Universidad San Sebastián - Chile CL -
181-190 151-160 i Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei Ufsj BR - 201-250 181-190 i Universidad Santa María La Antigua-Usma PA -
191-200 201-250 h Escuela de Ingeniería de Antioquia - Eia CO - 201-250 201-250 n Universidad Santo Tomás CO -
191-200 201-250 h Fundação Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco BR - 201-250 201-250 n Universidad Sergio Arboleda CO -
191-200 191-200 n Universidad de Cartagena CO - 201-250 171-180 i Universidad Tecnica Particular de Loja (Uptl) EC -
191-200 171-180 i Universidad de Las Fuerzas Armadas (Espe) EC - 201-250 new Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar CO -
191-200 201-250 h Universidad de Santander - Udes CO - 201-250 201-250 n Universidad Tecnológica de La Habana José Antonio Echeverría, Cujae CU -
191-200 171-180 i Universidad de Sonora MX - 201-250 201-250 n Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira CO -
191-200 201-250 h Universidad del Cauca CO - 201-250 201-250 n Universidade Estadual da Paraíba BR -
191-200 201-250 h Universidad del Tolima CO - 201-250 201-250 n Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste BR -
191-200 191-200 n Universidad Nacional del Comahue AR - 201-250 251-300 h Universidade Federal de Roraima BR -
191-200 191-200 n Universidade de Caxias do Sul BR - 201-250 201-250 n Universidade Federal do Acre BR -
104 105
201-250 201-250 n Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - Unirio BR - 251-300 251-300 n Universidade Potiguar (Unp) BR -
251-300 251-300 n Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería Julio Garavito CO - 301-350 301-350 n Cetys Universidad MX -
251-300 201-250 i National University Of The Patagonia San Juan Bosco AR - 301-350 351-400 h Universidad Abierta Interamericana - Uai AR -
251-300 351-400 h Universidad Autónoma Â Benito Juàrez de Oaxaca (Uabjo) MX - 301-350 301-350 n Universidad Arturo Prat CL -
251-300 251-300 n Universidad Autónoma de Asunción PY - 301-350 301-350 n Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero MX -
251-300 251-300 n Universidad Autónoma de Campeche MX - 301-350 301-350 n Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas MX -
251-300 251-300 n Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua MX - 301-350 301-350 n Universidad Autónoma del Carmen MX -
251-300 301-350 h Universidad Autónoma de Manizales CO - 301-350 251-300 i Universidad Autónoma Nacional de Nicaragua- Managua - Unan NI -
251-300 251-300 n Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo DO - 301-350 new Universidad Bernardo O'higgins CL -
251-300 301-350 h Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa MX - 301-350 301-350 n Universidad Centroamericana (Uca) NI -
251-300 251-300 n Universidad Autónoma del Caribe (Uac) CO - 301-350 351-400 h Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia CO -
251-300 251-300 n Universidad Católica Boliviana BO - 301-350 301-350 n Universidad de Atacama CL -
251-300 251-300 n Universidad Católica de Colombia CO - 301-350 new Universidad de Ciencias Y Artes de Chiapas MX -
251-300 251-300 n Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil EC - 301-350 251-300 i Universidad de El Salvador SV -
251-300 251-300 n Universidad Católica del Maule CL - 301-350 301-350 n Universidad de La Costa CO -
251-300 251-300 n Universidad Central de Chile CL - 301-350 251-300 i Universidad de Pamplona CO -
251-300 251-300 n Universidad Centroamericana "José Simeón Cañas" - Uca SV - 301-350 301-350 n Universidad de Playa Ancha CL -
251-300 251-300 n Universidad Ces CO - 301-350 351-400 h Universidad del Azuay EC -
251-300 301-350 h Universidad Cientifica del Sur PE - 301-350 351-400 h Universidad del Caribe MX -
251-300 301-350 h Universidad de Ciencias Empresariales Y Sociales (Uces) AR - 301-350 301-350 n Universidad del Istmo (Udi) PA -
251-300 251-300 n Universidad de Cienfuegos Carlos Rafael Rodríguez CU - 301-350 301-350 n Universidad Esan PE -
251-300 251-300 n Universidad de Holguín CU - 301-350 301-350 n Universidad Finis Terrae CL -
251-300 251-300 n Universidad de Los Lagos CL - 301-350 new Universidad Interamericana para el Desarrollo MX -
251-300 301-350 h Universidad de Nariño CO - 301-350 301-350 n Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco MX -
251-300 201-250 i Universidad de San Martín de Porres -Usmp PE - 301-350 301-350 n Universidad Libre CO -
251-300 251-300 n Universidad del Atlántico CO - 301-350 301-350 n Universidad Militar Nueva Granada CO -
251-300 301-350 h Universidad del Magdalena CO - 301-350 new Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo EC -
251-300 251-300 n Universidad del Valle de Atemajac MX - 301-350 301-350 n Universidad Nacional de Lujan AR -
251-300 351-400 h Universidad del Viña del Mar CL - 301-350 301-350 n Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa PE -
251-300 251-300 n Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas CO - 301-350 251-300 i Universidad Nacional de San Juan AR -
251-300 301-350 h Universidad Ean CO - 301-350 351-400 h Universidad Nacional de Tres de Febrero AR -
251-300 251-300 n Universidad Interamericana de Panamá PA - 301-350 301-350 n Universidad Nacional de Trujillo PE -
251-300 201-250 i Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango MX - 301-350 new Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de La Provincia de Buenos Aires AR -
251-300 251-300 n Universidad Mayor CL - 301-350 301-350 n Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal - Unfv PE -
251-300 251-300 n Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras (Unah) HN - 301-350 301-350 n Universidad Politecnica Salesiana EC -
251-300 251-300 n Universidad Nacional de Itapúa (Uni) PY - 301-350 301-350 n Universidad Politénica de Puerto Rico PR -
251-300 201-250 i Universidad Nacional de Salta AR - 301-350 301-350 n Universidad Ricardo Palma PE -
251-300 251-300 n Universidad Nacional Pedro Henríquez Ureña DO - 301-350 351-400 h Universidad Santiago de Cali CO -
251-300 251-300 n Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla (Upaep) MX - 301-350 201-250 i Universidad Santo Tomás - Chile CL -
251-300 251-300 n Universidad Tecnológica Centroamericana (Unitec) - Honduras HN - 301-350 new Universidad Simón Bolívar Colombia CO -
251-300 251-300 n Universidad Tecnológica de México (Unitec) MX - 301-350 251-300 i Universidad Tecnológica de El Salvador (Utec) SV -
251-300 201-250 i Universidade de Ribeirão Preto BR - 301-350 301-350 n Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana CL -
251-300 161-170 i Universidade do Vale do Paraíba (Univap) BR - 301-350 351-400 h Universidad Ute EC -
251-300 201-250 i Universidade do Vale Itajaí (Univali) BR - 301-350 new Universidad Vasco de Quiroga MX -
251-300 181-190 i Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana BR - 301-350 301-350 n Universidade Anhembi Morumbi (Uam) BR -
251-300 251-300 n Universidade Estadual de Goiás BR - 301-350 251-300 i Universidade de Passo Fundo BR -
251-300 201-250 i Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros BR - 301-350 251-300 i Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul BR -
251-300 201-250 i Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Sul BR - 301-350 301-350 n Universidade Estadual do Maranhão BR -
251-300 201-250 i Universidade Luterana do Brasil BR - 301-350 251-300 i Universidade Paulista - Unip BR -
251-300 251-300 n Universidade Nove de Julho (Uninove) BR - 301-350 201-250 i Universidade Regional de Blumenau BR -
106 107
301-350 301-350 n Universidade Salvador BR - 351-400 new Universidade Vila Velha BR -
351-400 351-400 n Colegio Mayor de Antioquia CO - 401+ new Centro Universitário Ritter Dos Reis (Uniritter) BR -
351-400 new Dom Bosco Catholic University BR - 401+ new Fundación Universitaria del Area Andina CO -
351-400 351-400 n Escuela Colombiana de Carreras Industriales - Ecci CO - 401+ new Universidad Católica de Cuenca EC -
351-400 351-400 n Escuela Superior de Administracion Publica (Esap) CO - 401+ new Universidad Cuauhtémoc MX -
351-400 301-350 i Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano - Itm CO - 401+ new Universidad del Distrito Federal MX -
351-400 351-400 n Universiad Cristóbal Colón MX - 401+ new Universidad Federico Henríquez Y Carvajal DO -
351-400 351-400 n Universidad Apec (Unapec) DO - 401+ 351-400 i Universidad Francisco Gavidia SV -
351-400 351-400 n Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí (Unachi) PA - 401+ new Universidad Mexiquense del Bicentenario MX -
351-400 301-350 i Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit MX - 401+ new Universidad Technologica Privada de Santa Cruz BO -
351-400 301-350 i Universidad Autónoma de Occidente CO - 401+ new Universidad Tecnológica de Honduras HN -
351-400 351-400 n Universidad Católica Cardenal Raúl Silva Henríquez - Ucsh CL -
351-400 351-400 n Universidad Católica de Santo Domingo DO -
351-400 351-400 n Universidad Católica del Salvador SV -
351-400 new Universidad Católica San Pablo, Arequipa PE -
351-400 351-400 n Universidad Central del Este DO -
351-400 new Universidad Cristiana de Bolivia (Ucebol) BO -
351-400 301-350 i Universidad de Guayaquil EC -
351-400 351-400 n Universidad de Ibagué CO -
351-400 351-400 n Universidad de La Amazonía CO -
351-400 351-400 n Universidad de Las Américas Chile (Udla) CL -
351-400 351-400 n Universidad de los Llanos CO -
351-400 351-400 n Universidad de Manizales CO -
351-400 351-400 n Universidad de Occidente MX -
351-400 351-400 n Universidad del Caribe (Unicaribe) DO -
351-400 new Universidad del Noreste MX -
351-400 301-350 i Universidad del Quindío CO -
351-400 351-400 n Universidad Estatal de Sonora MX -
351-400 351-400 n Universidad Evangelica de El Salvador SV -
351-400 new Universidad Mayor de San Francisco Xavier BO -
351-400 301-350 i Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento AR -
351-400 351-400 n Universidad Nacional de La Matanza AR -
351-400 351-400 n Universidad Nacional de La Pampa AR -
351-400 351-400 n Universidad Nacional de Lanús AR -
351-400 351-400 n Universidad Nacional de Lomas de Zamora AR -
351-400 351-400 n Universidad Nacional de Misiones AR -
351-400 351-400 n Universidad Nacional del Altiplano PE -
351-400 301-350 i Universidad Nacional del Nordeste AR -
351-400 351-400 n Universidad Pedagógica Nacional Francisco Morazán (Upnfm) HN -
351-400 351-400 n Universidad Privada del Norte PE -
351-400 301-350 i Universidad Privada del Valle (Univalle) - Bolivia BO -
351-400 351-400 n Universidad Regiomontana MX -
351-400 351-400 n Universidad Tec Milenio MX -
351-400 new Universidad Técnica de Oruro BO -
351-400 351-400 n Universidad Tecnológica del Centro (Unitec) VE -
351-400 351-400 n Universidad Uniacc CL -
351-400 351-400 n Universidade Ibirapuera - Unib BR -
351-400 251-300 i Universidade Positivo BR -
351-400 301-350 i Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul BR -
351-400 new Universidade Veiga de Almeida BR -
108 109
Arab Region Rankings 2021
Innovative Arab Region

By Anton John Crace
The Arab region is in the middle of change. The past

ten years have seen historic advances within the
region, and education has played a central role.
Among the educational changes throughout the

2010s, overall positioning on the world stage has
improved. Arab universities within the top 300 of the
QS World University Rankings doubled, from 2017
ranking to 2021.
As changes in higher education have taken place, the

Arab region has also seen significant economic shifts.
Governments are placing an emphasis on building
knowledge economies and market diversification,
looking towards their education systems’ past
successes as a foundation to build into the future.
“The reality is
we didn’t do any The untapped
of this alone.”
Many countries within the region are in the process
of economic diversification, most notably through
Vision 2030 development plans established in
countries including Qatar, the UAE and Saudi Arabia.
Each share goals to boost economic prosperity, with
aims to reduce dependency on natural resources.
A key component is education, which, according to

the World Bank’s 2018 Expectations and Aspirations:
A New Framework for Education in the Middle East
and North Africa, has “a large untapped potential to
contribute to human capital, well-being, and wealth”.
The report also notes the Middle East and Africa

has the lowest ratio of human capital to total
wealth, despite conversely having a significantly
higher investment in education and higher levels of
Arab Region education attainment.
113
Arab Region Rankings 2021 Arab Region Rankings 2021
Among its recommendations to combat these tensions, the report highlights

growing collaborative partnerships and meaningfully implementing technology.
“Technology presents a unique opportunity to help to deliver high-quality

education in a more efficient and effective manner,” the report notes.
Diversification and outreach
The Abdulla Al Ghurair Foundation for Education (AGFE) in the UAE has been
working within this cross-section of tensions since its foundation in 2015 and
has seen significant success but providing scholarships and opportunities for
underserviced, high achieving students as well as through partnering with
others to increase access to education.
One of the largest philanthropic organisations in the Arab region, its goals
include preparing 50,000 Emirati youth for higher education and work and
elevating the livelihoods of a further 150,000 Arab youth by 2025.
“The reality is we didn’t do any of this alone,” explains Chief Executive Dr Sonia
Ben Jafaar on the foundation’s achievements.
Among those achievements, AGFE has grown from 50 students graduating a

micro-master’s program in partnership with MIT, to 1,200 students undertaking
blended introductory courses.
Along the way, AGFE has also co-created training for faculty and staff and most
recently helped form a consortium in the region, while continuously reflecting
back on its achievements to improve student outcomes.
“We’ve taken each step in success to the next level,” says Dr Ben Jafaar.
“We started out slow, each time we learn, we move to a greater reach with higher
aspirations and... we rely heavily on the insights of our partners.”
Increasing the number of options for students to undertake online education,

however, is not the only action required to achieve the foundation’s goals of
improving those learning outcomes and building lifelong learning, she tells QS.
114 115

1 1 n King Abdul Aziz University SA 100
2 2 n American University of Beirut LB 97.2
3 4 h Qatar University QA 96.9
4 3 i King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals SA 96.6
5 5 n United Arab Emirates University AE 95.9
6 6 n King Saud University SA 90.6
7 7 n American University of Sharjah AE 88.3
8 8 n Sultan Qaboos University OM 84.3
9 12 h Khalifa University AE 82
“Online learning done well takes purposeful effort, 10 10 n University of Jordan JO 81.4
just like face-to-face learning,” she says, adding once 11 9 i The American University in Cairo EG 81
an online learning opportunity is created, ensuring 12 11 i Cairo University EG 75.4
students can access it still remains “a complex 13 13 n Jordan University of Science and Technology JO 71.4
14 15 h Lebanese American University LB 69.3
endeavor”.
15 14 i Ain Shams University EG 67.9
h
“What this [means], in term of an example, would 16 17 University of Sharjah AE 67.2
17 22 h Umm Al-Qura University SA 66.2
be purchasing technology and broadband access 18 16 i Alexandria University EG 65.6
and delivering it to areas that were actually under 19 18 i Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth LB 62.4
lockdown [due to COVID-19] at the time with special 20 20 n Zayed University AE 62.4
precautions and permissions from local authorities,” 21 25= h Lebanese University LB 61.8
she says. 22 21 i Kuwait University KW 59.3

23 19 i University of Baghdad IQ 57
“We started Like the recommendations of the World Bank, 24 24 n American University in Dubai AE 54.1
out slow, each AGFE’s work in online education and educational 25 23 i University of Bahrain BH 52.6
time we learn, partnerships predate the COVID-19 pandemic, 26 36 h University of Balamand LB 52.3
27 28 h Notre Dame University-Louaize LB 50
we move to a but bringing together a team of highly-educated h
28 31 Mansoura University EG 49.8
greater reach.” professionals in their fields who are eager to learn 29 37 h Applied Science University of Bahrain BH 49.5
from each other has created a culture of ongoing 30 30 n Holy Spirit University of Kaslik LB 49.4
improvement and adaptability, notes Dr Ben Jafaar. 31 25= i King Khalid University SA 48.2
32 32 n Assiut University EG 47.3
“What that allowed us to do is to react quickly and 33 33 n King Faisal University SA 46.4
adapt to our programming and with our partnerships,” 34 28 i Yarmouk University JO 46.2
35 45 h Ajman University AE 45.9
she says.
36 27 i Abu Dhabi University AE 45.8
h
The result of their efforts saw students graduate 37 46 An-Najah National University PS 44.9
38 42 h Princess Sumaya University for Technology JO 44.2
from the Abdul Aziz Al Ghurair school of Advanced 39 61-70 h Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University SA 42.5
Computing in May, despite not being able to take in- 40 38 i Alfaisal University SA 42.5
person classes. 41 49 h Helwan University EG 42.2
42 41 i Canadian University of Dubai AE 41.8
The article from which this was abridged originally 43 40 i Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (Formerly University of Dammam) SA 41.6
appeared in the 2021 Arab Region Rankings Higher 44= 34 i Arabian Gulf University BH 41
Education Report. 44= 81-90 h Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University SA 41
46 43 i Ahlia University BH 40.5
47 35 i University of Kufa IQ 39.8
48 47 i German Jordanian University JO 39.7
49 39 i The Hashemite University JO 39.6
50 48 i Beirut Arab University LB 38.8
116 117
51-60 44 i Al Azhar University EG - 101-110 71-80 i Al Akhawayn University Ifrane MA -
51-60 61-70 h Al Quds University the Arab University in Jerusalem PS - 101-110 91-100 i Al Zaytoonah University JO -
51-60 50= i American University of Ras Al Khaimah AE - 101-110 91-100 i Applied Science Private University - Jordan JO -
51-60 51-60 n Birzeit University PS - 101-110 91-100 i Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport EG -
51-60 61-70 i Gulf University for Science and Technology KW - 101-110 101-110 n Fayoum University EG -
51-60 new Islamic University of Lebanon LB - 101-110 111-120 h Taif University SA -
51-60 51-60 n Prince Sultan University SA - 101-110 121-130 h Université Antonine LB -
51-60 50= h Suez Canal University EG - 101-110 91-100 i Université Hassan Ii de Casablanca MA -
51-60 51-60 n University of Dubai AE - 101-110 81-90 i Université Mohammed V de Rabat MA -
51-60 61-70 i University of Khartoum SD - 101-110 101-110 n University of Anbar IQ -
61-70 51-60 h Al Nahrain University IQ - 111-120 111-120 n Al Hussein Bin Talal University JO -
61-70 61-70 n Al-Imam Mohamed Ibn Saud Islamic University SA - 111-120 91-100 i American University of Science and Technology LB -
61-70 new American University of the Middle East KW - 111-120 91-100 i Beni-Suef University EG -
61-70 new British University in Dubai AE - 111-120 new Middle East University Jordan JO -
61-70 51-60 i German University in Cairo EG - 111-120 91-100 i Minia University EG -
61-70 51-60 i Islamic University in Madinah SA - 111-120 111-120 n National University of Science and Technology OM -
61-70 61-70 n Jeddah University SA - 111-120 81-90 i Sudan University of Science and Technology SD -
61-70 61-70 n Mustansiriyah University IQ - 111-120 91-100 i Université Des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari-Boumediene DZ -
61-70 71-80 h Université de Tunis El Manar TN - 111-120 81-90 i University of Kerbala IQ -
61-70 61-70 n University of Technology - Iraq IQ - 111-120 101-110 i University of Petra JO -
71-80 101-110 h Al Ain University AE - 121-130 121-130 n Al Albayt University JO -
71-80 81-90 h Al Balqa Applied University JO - 121-130 121-130 n Al Baha University SA -
71-80 51-60 i Damascus University SY - 121-130 new Arab American University PS -
71-80 111-120 h Future University in Egypt EG - 121-130 new Dhofar University OM -
71-80 61-70 i Najran University SA - 121-130 111-120 i Jazan University SA -
71-80 71-80 n Qassim University SA - 121-130 121-130 n Kafrelsheikh University EG -
71-80 71-80 n Tanta University EG - 121-130 121-130 n Menoufia University EG -
71-80 71-80 n Université de Monastir TN - 121-130 101-110 i Université Abou Bekr Belkaid Tlemcen DZ -
71-80 51-60 i University of Babylon IQ - 121-130 111-120 i Université de Tunis TN -
71-80 81-90 h Zagazig University EG - 121-130 new Université Ibn Tofail MA -
81-90 71-80 i British University in Egypt EG - 131-160 new Al Azhar University of Gaza PS -
81-90 81-90 n Effat University SA - 131-160 new Al Jouf University SA -
81-90 71-80 i Islamic University of Gaza PS - 131-160 new Al-Yamamah University SA -
81-90 111-120 h South Valley University EG - 131-160 new Arab Open University Kuwait KW -
81-90 81-90 n Taibah University SA - 131-160 new Aswan University EG -
81-90 71-80 i Université de Carthage TN - 131-160 121-130 i Dar Al-Hekma University SA -
81-90 61-70 i University of Basrah IQ - 131-160 new Isra University - Jordan JO -
81-90 new University of Mosul IQ - 131-160 new Jerash Private University JO -
81-90 71-80 i University of Nizwa OM - 131-160 new Palestine Polytechnic University PS -
81-90 new University of Sadat City EG - 131-160 new Rafik Hariri University LB -
91-100 101-110 h Al-Ahliyya Amman University JO - 131-160 121-130 i Salahaddin University - Erbil IQ -
91-100 111-120 h American University in the Emirates AE - 131-160 new Sohag University EG -
91-100 91-100 n Benha University EG - 131-160 111-120 i Sohar University OM -
91-100 101-110 h Cadi Ayyad University MA - 131-160 new Tafila Technical University JO -
91-100 101-110 h Majmaah University SA - 131-160 new Tikrit University IQ -
91-100 91-100 n Mutah University JO - 131-160 new Université Badji Mokhtar De Annaba DZ -
91-100 71-80 i Philadelphia University at Jordan JO - 131-160 111-120 i Université de Bejaia DZ -
91-100 81-90 i Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University SA - 131-160 new Université de Gabès TN -
91-100 81-90 i Université de Sousse TN - 131-160 new Université des Sciences et de la Technologie D'oran Mohamed Boudiaf DZ -
91-100 101-110 h University of Tabuk SA - 131-160 new Université Mohammed Premier Ump MA -
118 119
Arab Region Rankings 2021

131-160 101-110 i Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah MA -
131-160 121-130 i University of Alqadisiyah IQ -
131-160 new University of Business and Technology SA -
131-160 new University of Diyala IQ -
131-160 new University of Duhok IQ -
131-160 new University of Hail SA -
131-160 new University of Science & Technology, Sana'a YE -
131-160 121-130 i University of Sulaimani IQ -
131-160 new World Islamic Sciences and Education University JO -
131-160 new Zarqa University JO -
120
USA Rankings 2020
USA Rankings Overview

by Dr Andrew MacFarlane
Welcome to the very first edition of the QS World University Rankings: USA
2020. This year sees QS rank the top 300 US higher education institutions –
the best of over 750 that were eligible for inclusion. The Top 10 includes many
of the prestigious Ivy League institutions but making their way into the Top
30 are a number of ‘public ivies’, a result of their commitment to diversity and
internationalisation.
The QS World University Rankings: USA 2020 aim to provide not only
international students with new and more granular insights when deciding on a
study destination in the USA, but also offer domestic students a fresh outlook
at their home institutions, set within the frame of a new bespoke methodology.
17 indicators distributed under four broad groupings, Research; Diversity &
Internationalisation; and Learning Experience and Employability, provide the
framework of analysis for this ranking.
The QS World University Rankings: USA 2020 is unique in focusing on diversity &
internationalisation inputs and employability outcomes, through a combination
of QS proprietary datasets including alumni outcomes and the QS Employer
Reputation survey.
The USA remains the number one international student destination in the world,
and as such attracts significant interest from students all over the world. This
ranking, and indeed every QS ranking, is designed specifically with students in
mind. Choosing where to invest one’s time, money and resources to study is
no light task, and so this rankings offer insights to students on the criteria that
matter to them, to ultimately make their decision making that little bit easier.
USA Rankings
125
USA Rankings 2020 USA Rankings 2020
2021 Institution Name Overall 2021 Institution Name Overall

1 Harvard University MA 93.3 51 Syracuse University NY 55.5
2 Stanford University CA 89.7 52 University of Wisconsin-Madison WI 55.4
3 Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) MA 87.1 53 Purdue University IN 55.1
4 University of California, Berkeley (UCB) CA 79.2 54 Northeastern University MA 54.9
5 Columbia University NY 79.0 55 University of Minnesota Twin Cities MN 54.6
6= University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) CA 78.3 56 Michigan State University MI 54.3
6= Yale University CT 78.3 57 Brandeis University MA 54.2
8 University of Pennsylvania PA 76.1 58 Ohio State University, Columbus OH 54.0
9 Princeton University NJ 75.7 59 Drexel University PA 53.9
10 Cornell University NY 73.5 60 University of Massachusetts, Amherst MA 53.6
11 New York University (NYU) NY 72.9 61 Temple University PA 53.2
12 University of Chicago IL 71.8 62= North Carolina State University NC 52.6
13 Duke University NC 70.5 62= University of Colorado at Boulder CO 52.6
14 Johns Hopkins University MD 70.2 64= Lehigh University PA 52.5
15 University of Southern California CA 68.5 64= Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute NY 52.5
16 Northwestern University IL 67.2 66 University of Hawaii at Manoa HI 51.9
17 Carnegie Mellon University PA 66.5 67 Tulane University LA 51.7
18 University of Michigan MI 66.3 68= Howard University DC 51.3
19 California Institute of Technology (Caltech) CA 66.1 68= University of Arizona AZ 51.3
20 Brown University RI 65.8 68= University of Maryland, Baltimore County MD 51.3
21= Boston University MA 64.3 71= Binghamton University SUNY NY 51.1
21= Rice University TX 64.3 71= Illinois Institute of Technology IL 51.1
23 Georgetown University DC 64.1 73 University of Pittsburgh PA 51.0
24 University of Washington, Seattle WA 62.5 74 New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT) NJ 50.8
25 University of Texas at Austin TX 62.4 75 University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) CA 50.7
26 University of California, San Diego (UCSD) CA 62.3 76 University of the Pacific CA 50.6
27 Emory University GA 61.1 77 Texas A&M University TX 50.5
28= University of California, Davis (UCD) CA 60.9 78 University of Denver CO 50.3
28= Washington University in St. Louis MO 60.9 79 University of Massachusetts, Boston MA 50.1
30= University of Rochester NY 60.8 80= College of William & Mary VA 49.8
30= Vanderbilt University TN 60.8 80= Florida State University FL 49.8
32 Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech) GA 60.4 82= San Diego State University CA 49.7
33 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign IL 59.9 82= University of Connecticut CT 49.7
34 George Washington University DC 59.1 82= Virginia Commonwealth University VA 49.7
35= Tufts University MA 58.6 85= Indiana University Bloomington IN 49.4
35= University of Florida FL 58.6 85= Worcester Polytechnic Institute MA 49.4
37 Dartmouth College NH 58.4 87 University of Houston TX 49.3
38 University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill NC 58.3 88 University of San Francisco CA 49.2
39 University of Miami FL 57.9 89= The University of Georgia GA 49.1
40 University of Notre Dame IN 57.8 89= University of Oklahoma, Norman OK 49.1
41= Rutgers - The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick NJ 57.6 91 Arizona State University, Tempe AZ 49.0
41= University of California, Irvine (UCI) CA 57.6 92 Wake Forest University NC 48.9
43= Case Western Reserve University OH 57.5 93 Southern Methodist University TX 48.8
43= University of Illinois, Chicago (UIC) IL 57.5 94= Andrews University MI 48.6
45 Stony Brook University NY 56.8 94= University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC) CA 48.6
46 University at Buffalo SUNY NY 56.6 94= University of Oregon OR 48.6
47 Pennsylvania State University, University Park PA 56.4 97 University of Texas Dallas TX 48.5
48= Boston College MA 56.3 98= Santa Clara University CA 48.4
48= University of Maryland, College Park MD 56.3 98= University of Louisville KY 48.4
50 University of Virginia VA 55.8 100= George Mason University VA 48.3
126 127

100= Rutgers - The State University of New Jersey, Newark NJ 48.3 141-150 Villanova University PA 44.1-43.1
100= Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Virginia Tech) VA 48.3 151-160 New York Institute of Technology NY 43-42.5
101-110 Loyola University Chicago IL 47.9-47.3 151-160 Nova Southeastern University FL 43-42.5
101-110 Oregon State University OR 47.9-47.3 151-160 Rowan University NJ 43-42.5
101-110 Stevens Institute of Technology NJ 47.9-47.3 151-160 Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Camden NJ 43-42.5
101-110 University at Albany SUNY NY 47.9-47.3 151-160 Texas Tech University TX 43-42.5
101-110 University of California, Riverside (UCR) CA 47.9-47.3 151-160 University of Cincinnati OH 43-42.5
101-110 University of Iowa IA 47.9-47.3 151-160 University of New Mexico NM 43-42.5
101-110 University of Tennessee, Knoxville TN 47.9-47.3 151-160 University of North Texas TX 43-42.5
101-110 University of Utah UT 47.9-47.3 151-160 Yeshiva University NY 43-42.5
111-120 American University DC 47-45.8 161-170 Baruch College NY 42.4-41.9
111-120 Clark University MA 47-45.8 161-170 Brigham Young University-Provo UT 42.4-41.9
111-120 Clarkson University NY 47-45.8 161-170 California State University - Fullerton CA 42.4-41.9
111-120 Florida International University FL 47-45.8 161-170 Marquette University WI 42.4-41.9
111-120 Loyola Marymount University CA 47-45.8 161-170 San Jose State University CA 42.4-41.9
111-120 Pace University - New York NY 47-45.8 161-170 Seton Hall University NJ 42.4-41.9
111-120 Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) NY 47-45.8 161-170 Suffolk University MA 42.4-41.9
111-120 University of Delaware DE 47-45.8 161-170 Texas Christian University TX 42.4-41.9
111-120 University of Nebraska - Lincoln NE 47-45.8 161-170 University of Kansas KS 42.4-41.9
111-120 Washington State University WA 47-45.8 161-170 University of Redlands CA 42.4-41.9
121-130 Baylor University TX 45.6-44.8 171-180 Chapman University CA 41.8-41.2
121-130 DePaul University IL 45.6-44.8 171-180 Dominican University of California CA 41.8-41.2
121-130 Loyola University Maryland MD 45.6-44.8 171-180 Duquesne University PA 41.8-41.2
121-130 St. Johns University NY 45.6-44.8 171-180 Hofstra University NY 41.8-41.2
121-130 St. Louis University MO 45.6-44.8 171-180 Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis IN 41.8-41.2
121-130 University of Colorado at Denver CO 45.6-44.8 171-180 Kansas State University KS 41.8-41.2
121-130 University of New Hampshire NH 45.6-44.8 171-180 Missouri University of Science and Technology MO 41.8-41.2
121-130 University of San Diego CA 45.6-44.8 171-180 Portland State University OR 41.8-41.2
121-130 University of South Carolina at Columbia SC 45.6-44.8 171-180 San Francisco State University CA 41.8-41.2
121-130 University of Vermont VT 45.6-44.8 171-180 University of Alabama, Birmingham AL 41.8-41.2
131-140 Bentley University MA 44.7-44.2 171-180 University of Idaho ID 41.8-41.2
131-140 Clemson University SC 44.7-44.2 171-180 University of Missouri, Columbia MO 41.8-41.2
131-140 Fordham University NY 44.7-44.2 171-180 University of Missouri, Kansas City MO 41.8-41.2
131-140 Iowa State University IA 44.7-44.2 171-180 University of Nevada - Las Vegas NV 41.8-41.2
131-140 University of Central Florida FL 44.7-44.2 181-190 Adelphi University NY 41.1-41
131-140 University of Kentucky KY 44.7-44.2 181-190 Auburn University AL 41.1-41
131-140 University of South Florida FL 44.7-44.2 181-190 Ohio University OH 41.1-41
131-140 University of Tulsa OK 44.7-44.2 181-190 Saint Marys College of California CA 41.1-41
131-140 Wayne State University MI 44.7-44.2 181-190 University of Hawaii at Hilo HI 41.1-41
131-140 West Virginia University WV 44.7-44.2 181-190 University of Nevada - Reno NV 41.1-41
141-150 California Lutheran University CA 44.1-43.1 191-200 California State University Northridge CA 40.9-40.2
141-150 CUNY Queens College NY 44.1-43.1 191-200 Catholic University of America DC 40.9-40.2
141-150 Fairfield University CT 44.1-43.1 191-200 Colorado State University, Fort Collins CO 40.9-40.2
141-150 Georgia State University GA 44.1-43.1 191-200 Creighton University NE 40.9-40.2
141-150 Michigan Technological University MI 44.1-43.1 191-200 CUNY Lehman College NY 40.9-40.2
141-150 Pepperdine University CA 44.1-43.1 191-200 Northern Arizona University AZ 40.9-40.2
141-150 Seattle University WA 44.1-43.1 191-200 Seattle Pacific University WA 40.9-40.2
141-150 University of Alabama AL 44.1-43.1 191-200 St. Edward's University TX 40.9-40.2
141-150 University of Rhode Island RI 44.1-43.1 191-200 University of Massachusetts Lowell MA 40.9-40.2
141-150 University of Texas Arlington TX 44.1-43.1 191-200 University of Mississippi MS 40.9-40.2
128 129

191-200 University of Wyoming WY 40.9-40.2 251-300 Augustana University SD 37.6-36.1
201-250 Ball State University IN 40.1-37.7 251-300 Boise State University ID 37.6-36.1
201-250 Butler University IN 40.1-37.7 251-300 Bradley University IL 37.6-36.1
201-250 California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo CA 40.1-37.7 251-300 Bryant University RI 37.6-36.1
201-250 California State University - East Bay CA 40.1-37.7 251-300 California State Polytechnic University - Pomona CA 37.6-36.1
201-250 California State University - Los Angeles CA 40.1-37.7 251-300 California State University Monterey Bay CA 37.6-36.1
201-250 California State University, Dominguez Hills CA 40.1-37.7 251-300 Calvin College MI 37.6-36.1
201-250 California State University, San Bernardino CA 40.1-37.7 251-300 Cedar Crest College PA 37.6-36.1
201-250 Chaminade University of Honolulu HI 40.1-37.7 251-300 Chatham University PA 37.6-36.1
201-250 CUNY Hunter College NY 40.1-37.7 251-300 Chestnut Hill College PA 37.6-36.1
201-250 Dominican University IL 40.1-37.7 251-300 Clark Atlanta University GA 37.6-36.1
201-250 Drake University IA 40.1-37.7 251-300 Cleveland State University OH 37.6-36.1
201-250 East Carolina University NC 40.1-37.7 251-300 CUNY City College NY 37.6-36.1
201-250 Elon University NC 40.1-37.7 251-300 Endicott College MA 37.6-36.1
201-250 Gonzaga University WA 40.1-37.7 251-300 Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University FL 37.6-36.1
201-250 Hawaii Pacific University HI 40.1-37.7 251-300 Gwynedd Mercy University PA 37.6-36.1
201-250 Ithaca College NY 40.1-37.7 251-300 Hampton University VA 37.6-36.1
201-250 La Salle University PA 40.1-37.7 251-300 Immaculata University PA 37.6-36.1
201-250 Marymount University VA 40.1-37.7 251-300 Iona College NY 37.6-36.1
201-250 Mississippi State University MS 40.1-37.7 251-300 James Madison University VA 37.6-36.1
201-250 New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology NM 40.1-37.7 251-300 Marist College NY 37.6-36.1
201-250 Northern Illinois University IL 40.1-37.7 251-300 Miami University OH 37.6-36.1
201-250 Notre Dame of Maryland University MD 40.1-37.7 251-300 Montana State University - Bozeman MT 37.6-36.1
201-250 Oklahoma State University OK 40.1-37.7 251-300 Nazareth College NY 37.6-36.1
201-250 Old Dominion University VA 40.1-37.7 251-300 Oklahoma City University OK 37.6-36.1
201-250 Rider University NJ 40.1-37.7 251-300 Quinnipiac University CT 37.6-36.1
201-250 Rollins College FL 40.1-37.7 251-300 Regis University CO 37.6-36.1
201-250 Simmons University MA 40.1-37.7 251-300 Roosevelt University IL 37.6-36.1
201-250 State University of New York at Oswego (SUNY Oswego) NY 40.1-37.7 251-300 Siena College NY 37.6-36.1
201-250 Stetson University FL 40.1-37.7 251-300 Sonoma State University CA 37.6-36.1
201-250 SUNY Fredonia NY 40.1-37.7 251-300 SUNY Brockport NY 37.6-36.1
201-250 SUNY Geneseo NY 40.1-37.7 251-300 SUNY Cortland NY 37.6-36.1
201-250 SUNY Oneonta NY 40.1-37.7 251-300 Texas State University TX 37.6-36.1
201-250 The College of New Jersey NJ 40.1-37.7 251-300 Trinity University TX 37.6-36.1
201-250 University of Alaska Fairbanks AK 40.1-37.7 251-300 Truman State University MO 37.6-36.1
201-250 University of Bridgeport CT 40.1-37.7 251-300 University of Alaska Anchorage AK 37.6-36.1
201-250 University of Dayton OH 40.1-37.7 251-300 University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR 37.6-36.1
201-250 University of Hartford CT 40.1-37.7 251-300 University of Evansville IN 37.6-36.1
201-250 University of Illinois, Springfield (UIS) IL 40.1-37.7 251-300 University of La Verne CA 37.6-36.1
201-250 University of Memphis TN 40.1-37.7 251-300 University of Mary Washington VA 37.6-36.1
201-250 University of North Carolina at Charlotte NC 40.1-37.7 251-300 University of Montana Missoula MT 37.6-36.1
201-250 University of North Carolina at Greensboro NC 40.1-37.7 251-300 University of New Haven CT 37.6-36.1
201-250 University of St Thomas - Houston TX 40.1-37.7 251-300 University of North Florida FL 37.6-36.1
201-250 University of Texas at San Antonio TX 40.1-37.7 251-300 University of Portland OR 37.6-36.1
201-250 University of Texas El Paso TX 40.1-37.7 251-300 University of Saint Thomas MN 37.6-36.1
201-250 University of the District of Columbia DC 40.1-37.7 251-300 University of Tampa FL 37.6-36.1
201-250 University of Toledo OH 40.1-37.7 251-300 University of Wisconsin - Eau Claire WI 37.6-36.1
201-250 University of Wisconsin Milwaukee WI 40.1-37.7 251-300 Valparaiso University IN 37.6-36.1
201-250 Western Michigan University MI 40.1-37.7 251-300 Wagner College NY 37.6-36.1
201-250 Western Washington University WA 40.1-37.7 251-300 William Paterson University of New Jersey NJ 37.6-36.1
251-300 Abilene Christian University TX 37.6-36.1 251-300 Woodbury University CA 37.6-36.1
130 131
Subject Rankings
Overview 136
Arts & Humanities 138

Engineering & Technology 148
Life Sciences & Medicine 156
Stepping into Tomorrow: The direction of medical education 158
Natural Sciences 170

Space Science 171
Social Sciences & Management 180

QS Yearbook 2021 QS Yearbook 2021
Subject Rankings Overview

by Dr Andrew MacFarlane
research collaboration at above 70 percent. Correspondingly, National University

Welcome to the QS World University Rankings by Subject 2021. This mammoth of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, University of Hong Kong, and
ranking evaluates more than 3,800 individual university programs, taken by The Chinese University of Hong Kong have between them around 20 percent of
students at more than 1,440 universities in 85 locations across the world, across the share of programs for the Top 10 institutions in Asia in this ranking.
51 academic disciplines. This is our largest subject ranking to date, with over
1,000 more programs ranked than last year’s edition, and the largest ranking by Institutions at the top of their fields are, of course, tackling the big research
subject on the market. issues of our time. COVID-19 and immunology, cancer research, obesity, Brexit,
and the effect on financial markets – in all of these topics we can see a strong
At a time of uncertainty in higher education, QS seeks to provide a stable and focus in the research community, and in particular our more highly evaluated
reliable tool that our students can use to benchmark and compare institutions regions and institutions.
in their journey through higher education.
When we looked across different research trends this year, we saw multi-
The United States continues to dominate the field, having around a fifth of disciplinary approaches to solving these issues. In Mathematics and Economics,
all ranked programs. The Top 2 institutions for programs ranked are Harvard both showed trends on market volatility; in Medicine, we saw strong correlation
University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The United Kingdom, with our top ranked institutions and the research focus being put towards
China, Australia, and Germany complete the Top 5 by number of institutions Covid-19; in Environmental Sciences we saw trends in air quality and sustainability
ranked. which were also mirrored in Economics; and in Physics we saw shared focus on
renewable energy and climate change also mirrored in Environmental Sciences.
We have considerably extended the range of programs evaluated in Business
and Management Studies, Computer Science and Information Systems, We have maintained a consistent methodology this year. This allows students
Medicine, Education, Environmental Sciences and Pharmacy and Pharmacology. and institutions alike to benchmark historical performance more easily.
This year, 850 institutions find themselves with entries in subject areas they Therefore, we can begin to look at what the top performing institutions have in
haven’t previously achieved a ranking. The United States, United Kingdom, common, and some areas for growth from emerging institutions.
China, Canada, and Italy are the Top 5 countries with the largest number of new
programs ranked. China in particular has seen a strong rise in performance with Equipping students for life after graduation is an especially important role for
a record number of Chinese programs attaining a Top 50 rank. Russia too can institutions, particularly as many students face uncertain futures. In our annual
be pleased with its increased performance, with a record number of Russian QS Global Employer Survey, we looked at the skills most important to employers,
programs attaining Top 20 ranks. and the skills of graduates they found the most and least satisfied. The most
important skills were problem solving, communication, and team work.
Whilst reputation remains a core component of our subject rankings, many of
the new additions and increases in performance are attributable to improved Employers were the least satisfied with graduates’ commercial awareness,
research performance. Recent years have seen a rise in global research leadership and negotiation skills. Professional experience was the most sought
collaboration, and it is perhaps no surprise, then, that the locations in which we after characteristic of the global employers we surveyed. It is paramount that
see strong international research collaboration are very closely correlated with institutions prepare their students for the realities of the global workplace. By
those that achieve the top shares of QS’ subject ranking. ensuring that work experience is woven into the fabric of their education, as well
as integrating these soft skills into the learning experience, institutions will be
International research collaboration is particularly high in the UK, Netherlands, supporting their students’ futures in their regions and beyond.
Denmark, Australia, France, Hong Kong, Switzerland and Singapore. Indeed,
Singapore and Hong Kong both see exceptionally strong rates of international
136 137
Subject Ranking: Arts & Humanities 2021 Subject Rankings: Arts & Humanities 2021
1 1 n University of Oxford UK 98.6 49= 48 i Monash University AU 79.2
2 2 n Harvard University US 98.5 49= 42= i The University of Warwick UK 79.2
3 3 n University of Cambridge UK 97.3 53= 47 i Lomonosov Moscow State University RU 78.8
4= 4 n University of California, Berkeley (UCB) US 93.3 53= 51 i Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (UC) CL 78.8
4= 6 h Yale University US 93.3 53= 42= i The University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney) AU 78.8
6 5 i Stanford University US 92.7 53= 58= h Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna IT 78.8
7 7 n New York University (NYU) US 91.6 57 63= h Universidade de São Paulo BR 78.5
8 9 h Princeton University US 90.3 58 60 h University of Leeds UK 78.2
9 8 i University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) US 90.2 59= 70 h Georgetown University US 78.1
10 10 n Columbia University US 89.6 59= 53 i Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin IE 78.1
11 11 n The University of Edinburgh UK 89.1 59= 63= h University of Helsinki FI 78.1
12 12 n UCL UK 87.9 62= 68= h Fudan University CN 77.9
13= 13= n Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) US 87.8 62= 65 h Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg DE 77.9
13= 13= n University of Chicago US 87.8 62= 54 i Waseda University JP 77.9
15 19 h National University of Singapore (NUS) SG 87.7 65 81= h Sapienza University of Rome IT 77.8
16 20 h The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) UK 87.1 66 73 h KU Leuven BE 77.5
17 18 h University of Toronto CA 87.0 67= 67 n Kyoto University JP 77.3
18 16= i The University of Melbourne AU 85.5 67= 76= h Complutense University of Madrid ES 77.3
19 15 i Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin DE 85.3 69 371= h The New School US 77.2
20 24 h University of British Columbia CA 85.1 70 83= h University of Southern California US 77.1
21 16= i The Australian National University AU 84.9 71 55 i University of Birmingham UK 77.0
22 21 i The University of Tokyo JP 84.7 72= 83= h Northwestern University US 76.6
23 22 i The University of Sydney AU 84.6 72= 66 i University of Copenhagen DK 76.6
24= 23 i Freie Universitaet Berlin DE 84.5 72= 62 i University of Glasgow UK 76.6
24= 26 h Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) MX 84.5 72= 68= i Victoria University of Wellington NZ 76.6
26 29 h University of Amsterdam NL 84.2 72= 88= h Yonsei University KR 76.6
27= 28 h Cornell University US 84.1 77 76= i Korea University KR 76.5
27= 27 n The University of Hong Kong HK 84.1 78 71= i University of York UK 76.2
29 31 h University of Michigan-Ann Arbor US 83.9 79= 86 h Lancaster University UK 75.9
30 25 i King's College London UK 83.4 79= 57 i The University of Auckland NZ 75.9
31= 32= h Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne FR 83.1 81 74 i University of Wisconsin-Madison US 75.8
31= 32= h University of Pennsylvania US 83.1 82 93= h Queen Mary University of London UK 75.6
33 30 i McGill University CA 82.0 83 93= h Rutgers University–New Brunswick US 75.5
34 52 h Sorbonne University FR 81.6 84= 90= h City University of New York US 75.4
35 32= i Leiden University NL 81.4 84= 81= i National Taiwan University (NTU) TW 75.4
36= 38 h Peking University CN 81.3 86= 90= h Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen DE 75.2
36= 37 h University of Texas at Austin US 81.3 86= 93= h Universitat de Barcelona ES 75.2
38 36 i Seoul National University KR 81.2 88 103= h University of California, San Diego (UCSD) US 75.1
39 35 i Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) AR 81.0 89= 92 h Indiana University Bloomington US 74.9
40 44 h Duke University US 80.9 89= 87 i Johns Hopkins University US 74.9
41 61 h Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (NTU) SG 80.8 91= 88= i Universidad de Chile CL 74.8
42 45 h University of St Andrews UK 80.7 91= 76= i University of Bristol UK 74.8
43 39= i The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) HK 80.4 93= 98= h Delft University of Technology NL 74.6
44 49= h SOAS University of London UK 80.0 93= 75 i The University of Sheffield UK 74.6
45= 39= i Durham University UK 79.8 93= 76= i University of Zurich CH 74.6
45= 39= i The University of Manchester UK 79.8 96= 96= n Boston University US 74.5
47= 56 h Tsinghua University CN 79.6 96= 85 i The University of Queensland AU 74.5
47= 58= h University of Vienna AT 79.6 98= 117= h Goldsmiths, University of London UK 74.4
49= 46 i Brown University US 79.2 98= 110= h Renmin (People's) University of China CN 74.4
49= 49= n Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München DE 79.2 100= 123 h The Ohio State University US 74.2
100= 113= h Utrecht University NL 74.2
138 139
Archaeology Architecture / Built Environment Art & Design Classics & Ancient History
1 University of Cambridge 1 Massachusetts Institute of Technology 1 Royal College of Art 1 Sapienza University of Rome
2 University of Oxford 2 UCL 2 University of the Arts London 2 University of Oxford
3 UCL 3 Delft University of Technology 3 Parsons School of Design at The New 3 University of Cambridge
4 Durham University 4 ETH Zurich - Swiss Federal Institute of School 4 Leiden University
5 Harvard University Technology 3 Rhode Island School of Design 5 Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
6 University of California, Berkeley 5 Harvard University 4 Massachusetts Institute of Technology 6= Harvard University
7 Stanford University 6 National University of Singapore 5 Politecnico di Milano 6= Sorbonne University
8 Leiden University 7 University of California, Berkeley 6 Aalto University 8 Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
9 University of California, Los Angeles 8 Tsinghua University 7 School of the Art Institute of Chicago München
10 Sapienza University of Rome 9 University of Cambridge 8= The Glasgow School of Art 9 Scuola Normale Superiore
11 Arizona State University 10 Politecnico di Milano 8= Pratt Institute 10 Yale University
12 University of York 11 Manchester School of Architecture 10 Art Center College of Design 11 Princeton University
13 The Australian National University 12 EPFL 11 Delft University of Technology 12 Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne
14 Peking University 13 Tongji University 12 Design Academy Eindhoven 13 University of California, Berkeley
15 University of Michigan-Ann Arbor 14= Columbia University 13 Tongji University 14 Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
16 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de 14= The University of Hong Kong 15= Goldsmiths, University of London 15 Durham University
México 16 The University of Tokyo 15= RMIT University 16 Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
17 Simon Fraser University 17 University of California, Los Angeles 17 California Institute of the Arts 17 Stanford University
18 University of Pennsylvania 18 The Hong Kong Polytechnic University 18 Carnegie Mellon University 18 University of Pisa
19 Pennsylvania State University 19 KTH Royal Institute of Technology 19 Stanford University 19 Freie Universitaet Berlin
20 University of Chicago 20 Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya · 20 The Hong Kong Polytechnic University 20 Alma Mater Studiorum - University of
21 Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen BarcelonaTech 21 Konstfack University of Arts , Crafts and Bologna
22= The University of Arizona 21 The University of Sydney Design 21 University of St Andrews
22= University of Toronto 22 Technische Universität Berlin (TU Berlin) 22 The Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts 22 UCL
24 Yale University 23= Georgia Institute of Technology 23 Tsinghua University 23 Peking University
25= Freie Universitaet Berlin 23= Technical University of Munich 24 Central Academy of Fine Arts 24 University of Chicago
25= Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne 23= The University of Melbourne 25 University of Technology Sydney 25 Waseda University
27 Columbia University 26 Cornell University 26 École Nationale Supérieure de Création 26 King’s College London
28 University of Florida 27 The University of Sheffield Industrielle, ENSCI Les Ateliers 27 University of Geneva
29 Sorbonne University 28= RMIT University 28 National University of Singapore 28 KU Leuven
30= Kyoto University 28= University of Pennsylvania 29 California College of the Arts 29 Trinity College Dublin, The University of
30= University of British Columbia 30 University of British Columbia 30 Emily Carr University of Art + Design Dublin
32 The University of Tokyo 31= Seoul National University 31 Loughborough University 30 University of Göttingen
33 The University of Edinburgh 31= University of Michigan-Ann Arbor 32 School of Visual Arts 31 University of Toronto
34 Washington University in St. Louis 33 The University of New South Wales 33= Savannah College of Art and Design 32 University of Vienna
35 University of Bordeaux (UNSW Sydney) 33= Umea University 33 Fudan University
36 Aarhus University 34= Politecnico di Torino 35 Zurich University of the Arts 34 Brown University
37 The University of Auckland 34= Stanford University 36 University of Oxford 35 Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
38 Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg 36 KU Leuven 37 Yale University 36 Cornell University
39 The University of Sheffield 37= Cardiff University 38 The University of Tokyo 37 National Taiwan University
40 The University of Sydney 37= Tokyo Institute of Technology 39= Ecole Nationale Superieure des Arts 38 University of Naples - Federico II
41 University of Reading 37= Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Decoratifs 39 University of Bristol
42 Seoul National University 40 University of Texas at Austin 39= Seoul National University 40= City University of New York
43 University of Leicester 41 Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile 41= Columbia University 40= University of Rome “Tor Vergata”
44 Jilin University 42 Aalto University 41= Universität der Künste Berlin 42 Ca’ Foscari University of Venice
45 University of Copenhagen 43 Peking University 43 Nanyang Technological University, Sin- 43 University of California, Los Angeles
46= Flinders University 44 Chalmers University of Technology gapore 44 The University of Edinburgh
46= University of Vienna 45 McGill University 44 Maryland Institute College of Art 45 University of Milan
48= Nanjing University 46= Nanyang Technological University, Sin- 45 New York University 46 University of Zurich
48= University of Otago gapore 46 University of California, Los Angeles 47 Université PSL
48= University of Texas at Austin 46= University of Toronto 47 University of California, Berkeley 48 University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
48= Uppsala University 48= Shanghai Jiao Tong University 48= Queensland University of Technology 49 Albert-Ludwigs-Universitaet Freiburg
48= Universidade de São Paulo 48= UCL 50 Columbia University
50 Tianjin University 48= Universidad Nacional Autónoma de
México
140 141
Subject Ranking: Arts & Humanities 2021
English Language & Literature History
1 University of Oxford 1 Harvard University

2 University of Cambridge 2 University of Oxford
3 Harvard University 3 University of Cambridge
4 University of California, Berkeley 4 Yale University
5 Yale University 5 The London School of Economics and
6 Stanford University Political Science
7= Princeton University 6 Columbia University
7= The University of Edinburgh 7 Stanford University
9 University of California, Los Angeles 8 University of California, Berkeley
10 Columbia University 9 Princeton University
11 University of Toronto 10 University of California, Los Angeles
12 University of Chicago 11 University of Chicago
13 UCL 12 University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
14 King’s College London 13 University of Toronto
15 New York University 14 King’s College London
16 University of British Columbia 15= Leiden University
17 Duke University 15= National University of Singapore
18 The University of Sydney 17 The Australian National University
19 The University of Manchester 18 Cornell University
20 The University of Melbourne 19= UCL
21 Cornell University 19= The University of Edinburgh
22= The University of Warwick 21 Johns Hopkins University
22= University of Pennsylvania 22 The University of Sydney
22= University of York 23 Freie Universitaet Berlin
25 Trinity College Dublin, The University of 24= University of British Columbia
Dublin 24= University of Wisconsin-Madison
26 Massachusetts Institute of Technology 26 Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
27 McGill University München
28 The University of Hong Kong 27 University of Texas at Austin
29= National University of Singapore 28 University of Pennsylvania
29= University of Michigan-Ann Arbor 29 Peking University
31= University of Glasgow 30= Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
31= University of Leeds 30= New York University
33 University of Texas at Austin 32 The University of Tokyo
34 Queen Mary University of London 33 Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne
35 University of Birmingham 34 Duke University
36 Freie Universitaet Berlin 35= Kyoto University
37 The University of Tokyo 35= University of Amsterdam
38 The University of Auckland 37 Durham University
39 Brown University 38 The University of Melbourne
40 Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 39= University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
41 University of Amsterdam 39= University of St Andrews
42 University of Bristol 41 The University of Manchester
43 The Australian National University 42 The University of Warwick
44= Durham University 43 McGill University
44= Sorbonne University 44 Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
44= University of St Andrews 45 SOAS University of London
47 Monash University 46= Sorbonne University
48 The University of New South Wales 46= The University of Exeter
(UNSW Sydney) 46= University of York
49 Peking University 49 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de
50 The University of Queensland México
50 The University of Hong Kong
142
Linguistics Modern Languages Performing Arts Philosophy
1 Massachusetts Institute of Technology 1= Harvard University 1 The Juilliard School 1 New York University
2 University of Massachusetts Amherst 1= University of Oxford 2 Royal College of Music 2 Rutgers University–New Brunswick
3= University of Cambridge 3 University of Cambridge 3 Royal Conservatoire of Scotland 3 University of Pittsburgh
3= University of Oxford 4 University of California, Berkeley 4 Royal Academy of Music 4 University of Oxford
5 The University of Edinburgh 5 Stanford University 5 Conservatoire national supérieur de 5 The Australian National University
6= Harvard University 6 Yale University musique et de danse de Paris 6 The London School of Economics and
6= Stanford University 7 Princeton University 6 New York University Political Science
8 University of California, Berkeley 8 University of California, Los Angeles 7 Universität für Musik und darstellende 7 University of Cambridge
9 University of Maryland, College Park 9 The University of Tokyo Kunst Wien 8 Harvard University
10 University of California, Los Angeles 10 Peking University 8 Norwegian Academy of Music 9 King’s College London
11 The University of Hong Kong 11 Columbia University 9 Sibelius Academy, University of the 10 Princeton University
12 University of British Columbia 12 Massachusetts Institute of Technology Arts Helsinki 11= University of St Andrews
13 University of Toronto 13 The University of Edinburgh 10 Hong Kong Academy for Performing 11= University of Toronto
14 McGill University 14 University of Chicago Arts 13 University of Notre Dame
15 Lancaster University 15 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de 11 University Mozarteum Salzburg 14 Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
16 University of Pennsylvania México 12= Harvard University 15 Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
17= National University of Singapore 16 National University of Singapore 12= University of Oxford München
17= UCL 17 New York University 14 University of Cambridge 16 Yale University
19 The Ohio State University 18 Sorbonne University 15 Guildhall School of Music and Drama 17 University of California, Berkeley
20 University of Amsterdam 19 Seoul National University 16 University of Rochester 18 Stanford University
21 University of Chicago 20 UCL 17 Indiana University Bloomington 19 Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main
22 The Australian National University 21 Kyoto University 18 Royal Holloway University of London 20 The University of Edinburgh
23 The University of Tokyo 22 Freie Universitaet Berlin 19 The University of Melbourne 21 Université PSL
24 Lomonosov Moscow State University 23= Fudan University 20= Royal College of Music in Stockholm 22 UCL
25 The University of Melbourne 23= Universidad de Buenos Aires 20= Yale University 23 Macquarie University
26 Peking University 25 University of Toronto 22= Columbia University 24 University of Chicago
27 Macquarie University 26 The University of Hong Kong 22= The Royal Danish Academy of Music 25 Columbia University
28= University of Connecticut 27= Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile 24= University of California, Berkeley 26 The University of Sydney
28= University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa 27= The University of Melbourne 24= University of California, Los Angeles 27 Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne
30 University of Vienna 29= Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 26 Curtis Institute of Music 28 The Chinese University of Hong Kong
31= Leiden University 29= King’s College London 27 University of Huddersfield 29 Monash University
31= Nanyang Technological University, Sin- 31= The Chinese University of Hong Kong 28 University of Southern California 30 University of Bristol
gapore 31= University of Michigan-Ann Arbor 29 University of Michigan-Ann Arbor 31 Fudan University
33= Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 33 Tsinghua University 30= The University of Sydney 32 University of Helsinki
33= The University of Sydney 34 The University of Sydney 30= Universität der Künste Berlin 33= KU Leuven
35 University of Illinois at Urbana-Cham- 35 Cornell University 32 The Central Academy of Drama, China 33= University of Southern California
paign 36 Lomonosov Moscow State University 33 The Royal Central School of Speech and 35 Central European University
36= The Chinese University of Hong Kong 37 Complutense University of Madrid Drama 36 Freie Universitaet Berlin
36= University of Zurich 38 University of Pennsylvania 34 Moscow State Conservatory P. I. Tchaik- 37 University of Oslo
38 Seoul National University 39 The Australian National University ovsky 38 University of Copenhagen
39 Georgetown University 40= Duke University 35 Monash University 39 Boston College
40 New York University 40= Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität 36 Korea National University of Arts 40 Renmin (People’s) University of China
41= University of California, San Diego München 37 Stanford University 41= Lomonosov Moscow State University
41= University of California, Santa Barbara 40= Alma Mater Studiorum - University of 38 Queen Mary University of London 41= Massachusetts Institute of Technology
43 City University of Hong Kong Bologna 39 McGill University 43 The University of Warwick
44 University of Ottawa 43 National Taiwan University 40 National University of Singapore 44 Peking University
45 University of Texas at Austin 44 The University of Manchester 41 Northwestern University 45 City University of New York
46 Université de Montréal 45 University of British Columbia 42 Goldsmiths, University of London 46= National University of Singapore
47= Michigan State University 46 Yonsei University 43 Hochschule für Musik Hanns Eisler Berlin 46= Tsinghua University
47= National Taiwan University 47 Universidade de São Paulo 44 Royal Northern College of Music 46= Universitat de Barcelona
47= The University of Manchester 48= Korea University 45 UCSI University 49 Sun Yat-sen University
50 University of Helsinki 48= Université Sorbonne Nouvelle Paris 3 46 University of Toronto 50 University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
48= University of Texas at Austin 47 The University of Auckland
48= Waseda University 48 Conservatoire de Musique de Genève
49 The University of Warwick
50 Griffith University
144 145
Subject Ranking: Arts & Humanities 2021
Theology, Divinity & Religious Studies
1 University of Notre Dame

2 Harvard University
3 University of Oxford
4 Duke University
5 Durham University
6 KU Leuven
7 Boston College
8 Yale University
9 University of Cambridge
10 Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
11 University of Toronto
12 University of Chicago
13 The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
14 Emory University
15 Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
16 Princeton University
17 The University of Edinburgh
18 University of California, Berkeley
19 University of St Andrews
20= University of Göttingen
20= Stanford University
22 Université catholique de Louvain
23 University of Zurich
24= Georgetown University
24= Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
26 Boston University
27 University of Birmingham
28 Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
29 University of Vienna
30 Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
München
31 The Chinese University of Hong Kong
32 Tel Aviv University
33= International Islamic University Malaysia
33= University of Oslo
35 Fordham University
36= King’s College London
36= University of Helsinki
38 University of Aberdeen
39 University of California, Los Angeles
40 Columbia University
41 Fudan University Creative
42
43
Uppsala University
University of British Columbia Minds Transform
44 McGill University the world
45 University of Virginia
46 The University of Melbourne
47 University of Otago
48 SOAS University of London
49 University of Wisconsin-Madison
50 The Catholic University of America
PRINCE MOHAMMAD BIN FAHD UNIVERSITY
146 @pmuofficial www.pmu.edu.sa pmu_official

Subject Rankings: Engineering & Technology 2021 Subject Rankings: Engineering & Technology 2021
1 1 n Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) US 97.3 50= 41= i The University of Melbourne AU 79.8
2 2 n Stanford University US 96.0 52= 57= h Ecole Polytechnique FR 79.7
3 3 n University of Cambridge UK 93.4 52= 64 h KU Leuven BE 79.7
4= 4 n ETH Zurich - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology CH 93.2 54= 47= i Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IITD) IN 79.4
4= 8 h Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (NTU) SG 93.2 54= 55= h Universiti Malaya (UM) MY 79.4
6 6 n University of Oxford UK 92.5 54= 72= h University of Washington US 79.4
7 5 i University of California, Berkeley (UCB) US 92.4 57 38 i Kyoto University JP 79.2
8 7 i Imperial College London UK 92.1 58= 54 i Monash University AU 79.1
9 10 h National University of Singapore (NUS) SG 91.9 58= 57= i Pohang University of Science And Technology (POSTECH) KR 79.1
10 9 i Tsinghua University CN 91.5 60= 61= h Northwestern University US 79.0
11 12 h Harvard University US 90.6 60= 45= i Technische Universität Berlin (TU Berlin) DE 79.0
12 11 i EPFL CH 90.5 60= 63 h University of California, San Diego (UCSD) US 79.0
13 13 n Georgia Institute of Technology US 89.2 63= 53 i Korea University KR 78.8
14 14 n California Institute of Technology (Caltech) US 89.0 63= 82= h Technical University of Denmark DK 78.8
15 15 n Delft University of Technology NL 87.7 65 61= i The University of Sydney AU 78.7
16 16 n KAIST - Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology KR 87.0 66 55= i Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU) KR 78.5
17 17 n Carnegie Mellon University US 86.7 67= 59= i Lomonosov Moscow State University RU 78.3
18 22= h University of Toronto CA 85.8 67= 76= h Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya · BarcelonaTech (UPC) ES 78.3
19 19 n University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) US 85.7 67= 93= h Xi’an Jiaotong University CN 78.3
20= 20 n Politecnico di Milano IT 85.3 70= 68= i KIT, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology DE 78.2
20= 18 i The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology HK 85.3 70= 79= h Texas A&M University US 78.2
20= 21 h The University of Tokyo JP 85.3 72= 59= i CentraleSupélec FR 77.9
23 26 h Shanghai Jiao Tong University CN 85.0 72= 96= h King Abdulaziz University (KAU) SA 77.9
24 22= i Peking University CN 84.7 72= 72= n Pennsylvania State University US 77.9
25 28= h University of Texas at Austin US 84.4 75= 90= h Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) ES 77.8
26 27 h University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign US 84.1 75= 66 i The University of Edinburgh UK 77.8
27= 22= i Seoul National University KR 83.9 77 67 i University of Science and Technology of China CN 77.7
27= 32= h Zhejiang University CN 83.9 78 76= i University of Chicago US 77.6
29 25 i Technical University of Munich DE 83.7 79= 71 i The Australian National University AU 77.5
30 31 h Princeton University US 83.6 79= 85 h Chalmers University of Technology SE 77.5
31 30 i KTH Royal Institute of Technology SE 83.5 79= 79= n Hanyang University KR 77.5
32 32= n University of British Columbia CA 83.3 82= 100= h Huazhong University of Science and Technology CN 77.2
33 36 h University of Michigan-Ann Arbor US 83.2 82= 82= n The Hong Kong Polytechnic University HK 77.2
34= 32= i Purdue University US 82.6 84 72= i University of Pennsylvania US 77.1
34= 28= i Tokyo Institute of Technology (Tokyo Tech) JP 82.6 85 76= i The University of Queensland AU 77.0
36= 32= i Cornell University US 81.9 86= 72= i The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) HK 76.7
36= 37 h The University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney) AU 81.9 86= 86= n Universidade de São Paulo BR 76.7
38 41= h University of Waterloo CA 81.2 88= 109= h Aalborg University DK 76.6
39 47= h Politecnico di Torino IT 81.0 88= 84 i National Tsing Hua University TW 76.6
40= 47= h McGill University CA 80.6 88= 79= i Yonsei University KR 76.6
40= 41= h National Taiwan University (NTU) TW 80.6 91 88= i University of Wisconsin-Madison US 76.5
40= 39= i The University of Hong Kong HK 80.6 92 99 h Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) MX 76.2
43= 50 h Fudan University CN 80.5 93 96= h Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University US 76.0
43= 51= h RWTH Aachen University DE 80.5 94= 88= i Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IITM) IN 75.9
43= 45= h The University of Manchester UK 80.5 94= 95 h New York University (NYU) US 75.9
43= 70 h Yale University US 80.5 96= 90= i City University of Hong Kong HK 75.8
47 51= h Columbia University US 80.2 96= 119= h Harbin Institute of Technology CN 75.8
48 39= i UCL UK 80.1 96= 114= h Sorbonne University FR 75.8
49 44 i Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IITB) IN 79.9 96= 93= i Tohoku University JP 75.8
50= 68= h Eindhoven University of Technology NL 79.8 100 106= h National Technical University of Athens GR 75.6
100= 113= h Utrecht University NL 74.2
148 149
Computer Science & Information Systems Engineering - Chemical Civil & Structural Electrical & Electronic
1 Massachusetts Institute of Technology 1 Massachusetts Institute of Technology 1 Massachusetts Institute of Technology 1 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2 Stanford University 2 Stanford University 2 National University of Singapore 2 Stanford University
3 Carnegie Mellon University 3 National University of Singapore 3 Delft University of Technology 3 University of California, Berkeley
4 National University of Singapore 4 University of California, Berkeley 4 University of California, Berkeley 4 Nanyang Technological University,
5 University of California, Berkeley 5 University of Cambridge 5 University of Cambridge Singapore
6 University of Oxford 6 Nanyang Technological University, 6 Imperial College London 5 National University of Singapore
7 Harvard University Singapore 7= Nanyang Technological University, 6 University of Cambridge
8 University of Cambridge 7 ETH Zurich - Swiss Federal Institute of Singapore 7= ETH Zurich - Swiss Federal Institute of
9 EPFL Technology 7= Tsinghua University Technology
10 ETH Zurich - Swiss Federal Institute of 8 University of Oxford 9 ETH Zurich - Swiss Federal Institute of 7= University of Oxford
Technology 9 California Institute of Technology Technology 9 Imperial College London
11 University of Toronto 10 Imperial College London 10= EPFL 10 EPFL
12 Nanyang Technological University, Sin- 11 Tsinghua University 10= Stanford University 11 Harvard University
gapore 12 EPFL 12 The University of New South Wales 12 Tsinghua University
13 Tsinghua University 13 The University of Tokyo 13 Politecnico di Milano 13 California Institute of Technology
14 Princeton University 14 Delft University of Technology 14 The University of Sydney 14 Georgia Institute of Technology
15 University of Washington 15 Princeton University 15 Georgia Institute of Technology 15 University of California, Los Angeles
16 Imperial College London 16 Kyoto University 16= The Hong Kong University of Science 16 Delft University of Technology
17 University of California, Los Angeles 17 University of Wisconsin-Madison and Technology 17 Technical University of Munich
18 Columbia University 18 Peking University 16= The University of Tokyo 18 KTH Royal Institute of Technology
19 Cornell University 19 Georgia Institute of Technology 16= University of Oxford 19 KAIST - Korea Advanced Institute of
20 Peking University 20 University of Minnesota Twin Cities 19 The University of Hong Kong Science & Technology
21 New York University 21 Yale University 20 University of Texas at Austin 20 The Hong Kong University of Science
22 California Institute of Technology 22 University of Texas at Austin 21 The Hong Kong Polytechnic University and Technology
23= UCL 23 KAIST - Korea Advanced Institute of 22 University of Illinois at Urbana-Cham- 21 Carnegie Mellon University
23= University of Waterloo Science & Technology paign 22= Politecnico di Milano
25 University of British Columbia 24= UCL 23= Monash University 22= The University of Tokyo
26 The University of Edinburgh 24= University of California, Los Angeles 23= Tongji University 24 University of Toronto
27 The University of Tokyo 26 University of Toronto 25= Purdue University 25= Shanghai Jiao Tong University
28 University of Texas at Austin 27 Northwestern University 25= Shanghai Jiao Tong University 25= University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
29 Shanghai Jiao Tong University 28 The University of Manchester 25= University of British Columbia 27 University of Illinois at Urbana-Cham-
30 The Hong Kong University of Science 29 Seoul National University 28 The University of Melbourne paign
and Technology 30 Zhejiang University 29 Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya · 28 Peking University
31 The Chinese University of Hong Kong 31 Monash University BarcelonaTech 29 University of Texas at Austin
32 KAIST - Korea Advanced Institute of 32 The Hong Kong University of Science 30 The University of Queensland 30= Princeton University
Science & Technology and Technology 31 Tokyo Institute of Technology 30= Seoul National University
33= University of Illinois at Urbana-Cham- 33 Tokyo Institute of Technology 32 Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile 32 Tokyo Institute of Technology
paign 34 Cornell University 33 Politecnico di Torino 33 The University of New South Wales
33= University of Pennsylvania 35 Eindhoven University of Technology 34 University of Toronto 34 University of British Columbia
35= Technical University of Munich 36 University of Michigan-Ann Arbor 35= Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 35 RWTH Aachen University
35= Université PSL 37 Politecnico di Milano 35= University of Michigan-Ann Arbor 36 The University of Hong Kong
35= Yale University 38 RWTH Aachen University 37 KAIST - Korea Advanced Institute of 37 The University of Manchester
38 Georgia Institute of Technology 39 Technical University of Denmark Science & Technology 38 KU Leuven
39 The University of Melbourne 40= Purdue University 38 KTH Royal Institute of Technology 39 Zhejiang University
40 University of Amsterdam 40= Technische Universität Berlin 39= KU Leuven 40 Aalborg University
41 Seoul National University 42 University of Pennsylvania 39= Universidade de São Paulo 41= Purdue University
42 KTH Royal Institute of Technology 43= KU Leuven 41= Kyoto University 41= University of California, San Diego
43 The University of Hong Kong 43= Sungkyunkwan University 41= Zhejiang University 43 Universiti Malaya (UM)
44= Fudan University 45 The University of Queensland 43 McGill University 44 Cornell University
44= Politecnico di Milano 46 Pennsylvania State University 44= National Taiwan University 45 Politecnico di Torino
46 University of Michigan-Ann Arbor 47 McGill University 44= Technical University of Denmark 46= The University of Melbourne
47= University of Chicago 48 KIT, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology 44= University of Leeds 46= Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya ·
47= Zhejiang University 49 The University of Melbourne 47 The University of Western Australia BarcelonaTech
49 McGill University 50 The University of New South Wales 48 The University of Manchester 48 University of Waterloo
50 The University of Sydney 49= The University of Auckland 49= Columbia University
49= University of California, Los Angeles 49= UCL
150 151
Mechanical, Aeronautical & Manufacturing Mineral & Mining Petroleum Engineering
1 Massachusetts Institute of Technology 1 Colorado School of Mines 1 National University of Singapore

2 Stanford University 2 Curtin University 2 University of Texas at Austin
3 University of Cambridge 3 The University of Queensland 3 Technical University of Denmark
4 Harvard University 4 McGill University 4 Stanford University
5 Nanyang Technological University, 5 The University of New South Wales 5 Texas A&M University
Singapore 6 The University of Western Australia 6 Imperial College London
6 University of California, Berkeley 7 Queen’s University at Kingston 7 King Fahd University of Petroleum &
7 Delft University of Technology 8 The University of Exeter Minerals
8 Imperial College London 9 University of British Columbia 8 University of Strathclyde
9 National University of Singapore 10 Pennsylvania State University 9 University of Alberta
10 University of Oxford 11 University of Alberta 10 Heriot-Watt University
11 Tsinghua University 12 Saint-Petersburg Mining University 11= Middle East Technical University
12 University of Michigan-Ann Arbor 13 University of Witwatersrand 11= The University of Adelaide
13 ETH Zurich - Swiss Federal Institute of 14 Universidad de Chile 13 Delft University of Technology
Technology 15 Monash University 14 The University of Manchester
14 Georgia Institute of Technology 16 King Fahd University of Petroleum & 15 Politecnico di Torino
15 Politecnico di Milano Minerals 16 University of Surrey
16 EPFL 17 Technische Universität Bergakademie 17 Sharif University of Technology
17 California Institute of Technology Freiberg 18 The University of New South Wales
18 RWTH Aachen University 18 The University of Melbourne 19 Colorado School of Mines
19 Shanghai Jiao Tong University 19 China University of Mining and Tech. 20 KTH Royal Institute of Technology
20 Purdue University 20 Delft University of Technology 21 Khalifa University of Science and Tech.
21 The University of Tokyo 21 RWTH Aachen University 22 Aalborg University
22 KAIST - Korea Advanced Institute of 22 The University of Arizona 23= National Research Tomsk Polytechnic
Science & Technology 23 The University of Newcastle, Australia University
23 Technical University of Munich 24= The University of Adelaide 23= Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS
24 Peking University 24= Université PSL 25 Pennsylvania State University
25 KTH Royal Institute of Technology 26 Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State 26 University of Tehran
26 Seoul National University University 27 The University of Queensland
27 KU Leuven 27 University of Toronto 28 Universidade Estadual de Campinas
28 The Hong Kong University of Science 28 University of Wollongong 29 Universidade de São Paulo
and Technology 29 Kyushu University 30 Indian Institute of Technology Madras
29 The University of Manchester 30 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de 31 University of Southern California
30 Politecnico di Torino México 32= Amirkabir University of Technology
31 Tokyo Institute of Technology 31 University of Colorado Boulder 32= Lomonosov Moscow State University
32 University of California, Los Angeles 32 Wuhan University 34 King Abdullah University of Science &
33 Northwestern University 33 Nanjing University Technology
34 McGill University 34 Universidade de São Paulo 35 China University of Petroleum - Beijing
35 Zhejiang University 35 University of Utah 36= Istanbul Technical University
36 KIT, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology 36 Middle East Technical University 36= University of Leeds
37= Ecole Polytechnique 37 Politecnico di Torino 38= Norwegian University of Science And
37= Eindhoven University of Technology 38 Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Technology
37= Pennsylvania State University 39 Ruhr-Universität Bochum 38= Universidad Nacional Autónoma de
37= Princeton University 40 Waseda University México
37= University of Texas at Austin 41 Indian Institute of Technology Bombay 40 University of Oklahoma
42= Technical University of Denmark 42= Istanbul Technical University 41 Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
42= University of Toronto 42= The National University of Science and 42 Universidad Industrial de Santander
42= Xi’an Jiaotong University Technology MISIS 43 Texas Tech University
45= Cornell University 44 Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur 44= Curtin University
45= Cranfield University 45 Université Laval 44= Universidad de Buenos Aires
47 Universität Stuttgart 46 University of Illinois at Urbana-Cham- 46 University of Calgary
48 University of Illinois at Urbana-Cham- paign 47 University of Lisbon
paign 47 Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS 48 Bogaziçi Üniversitesi
49 Kyoto University 48= Missouri University of Science and Tech. 49 Cairo University
50 Chalmers University of Technology 48= University of Pretoria 50= Universidad Nacional de Colombia
50 Universidad de Concepción 50= University College Dublin
152 153
Accreditations
HTPP://WWW.UOH.EDU.SA/
Subject Rankings: Life Sciences & Medicine 2021 Subject Rankings: Life Sciences & Medicine 2021
1 1 n Harvard University US 98.6 52 52 n McMaster University CA 80.1
2 2 n University of Oxford UK 94.7 53= 44 i ETH Zurich - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology CH 80.0
3 4 h Stanford University US 94.4 53= 60= h University of Helsinki FI 80.0
4 3 i University of Cambridge UK 93.5 55= 57 h KU Leuven BE 79.8
5 5 n Johns Hopkins University US 93.3 55= 63= h Northwestern University US 79.8
6 6 n Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) US 92.9 55= 50 i The University of Hong Kong HK 79.8
7 7 n University of California, San Francisco US 91.1 58 54= i Uppsala University SE 79.7
8= 10 h Karolinska Institutet SE 90.5 59 58 i Wageningen University & Research NL 79.6
8= 8= n University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) US 90.5 60 65= h Baylor College of Medicine US 79.5
10 8= i UCL UK 90.2 61 72 h The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center US 79.4
11 12 h Yale University US 89.8 62= 53 i Peking University CN 79.0
12 11 i Imperial College London UK 89.6 62= 73= h The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas US 79.0
13 13 n University of Toronto CA 89.1 64 59 i University of Bristol UK 78.8
14 15= h University of Pennsylvania US 87.5 65 63= i Universitat de Barcelona ES 78.7
15 17 h University of Washington US 87.2 66= 68 h The University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney) AU 78.4
16= 19 h Columbia University US 86.8 66= 70= h Université de Paris FR 78.4
16= 30= h Duke University US 86.8 68= 81 h The Ohio State University US 78.3
16= 14 i University of California, San Diego (UCSD) US 86.8 68= 62 i Technical University of Munich DE 78.3
19 18 i University of Copenhagen DH 86.1 70 65= i University of Basel CH 78.2
20= 22= h Cornell University US 86.0 71= 70= i Leiden University NL 77.9
20= 15= i University of California, Berkeley (UCB) US 86.0 71= 75= h Université de Montréal CA 77.9
22 24 h The University of Sydney AU 85.9 71= 67 i University of Wisconsin-Madison US 77.9
23 20= i King's College London UK 85.7 74= 79 h Universidade de São Paulo BR 77.8
24 20= i The University of Edinburgh UK 85.6 74= 69 i University of Geneva CH 77.8
25 22= i The University of Melbourne AU 85.2 74= 73= i University of Groningen NL 77.8
26 25= i University of Michigan-Ann Arbor US 85.0 74= 77= h Vanderbilt University US 77.8
27 25= i National University of Singapore (NUS) SG 84.7 78= 83= h Queen Mary University of London UK 77.6
28 32 h Seoul National University KR 84.4 78= 83= h The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) HK 77.6
29 28= i University of British Columbia CA 83.8 80= 77= i Lund University SE 77.5
30 28= i Washington University in St. Louis US 83.5 80= 80 n National Taiwan University (NTU) TW 77.5
31 27 i McGill University CA 83.3 82= 54= i Kyoto University JP 77.3
32 33= h University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill US 83.2 82= 75= i University of Nottingham UK 77.3
33 30= i The University of Tokyo JP 82.9 82= 88= h Ghent University BE 77.3
34 33= i Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg DE 82.8 85 86= h Aarhus University DH 77.1
35 39 h Monash University AU 82.0 86 86= n University of Birmingham UK 77.0
36= 40 h New York University (NYU) US 81.9 87 88= h University of Minnesota Twin Cities US 76.7
36= 33= i University of Amsterdam NL 81.9 88= 92= h Newcastle University UK 76.3
38= 37 i The University of Queensland AU 81.6 88= 90 h University of Alberta CA 76.3
38= 38 n University of Chicago US 81.6 90 94= h Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna IT 76.1
40= 33= i Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München DE 81.0 91= 106= h Medical University of Vienna AT 76.0
40= 42 h Utrecht University NL 81.0 91= 100= h Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU) KR 76.0
42= 41 i The University of Manchester UK 80.9 91= 102= h University of Calgary CA 76.0
42= 43 h University of Zurich CH 80.9 94 94= n The University of Auckland NZ 75.9
44 51 h London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine UK 80.8 95= 83= i University of Milan IT 75.8
45 47 h Boston University US 80.7 95= 100= h University of Bern CH 75.8
46= 45= i Sorbonne University FR 80.6 95= 105 h University of Gothenburg SE 75.8
46= 45= i University of California, Davis US 80.6 98= 82 i Fudan University CN 75.6
48 48 n University of Pittsburgh US 80.4 98= 116 h Yonsei University KR 75.6
49= 54= h Erasmus University Rotterdam NL 80.3 100= 91 i The University of Adelaide AU 75.5
49= 49 n University of Glasgow UK 80.3 100= 92= i The University of Western Australia AU 75.5
51 60= h Emory University US 80.2 100= 94= i University of Otago NZ 75.5
156 157
Stepping into Tomorrow

The direction of medical education
By Anton John Crace
“Modern medicine has gone through major changes

in the past 100 years,” says Dr Charas Suwanwela,
Professor Emeritus in Surgery (Neurosurgery) at
Thailand’s Chulalongkorn University.
“The first disruption can be traced back to Flexner

in 1918, when the scientific basis of medicine was
emphasised, and universities were given the duty of
overseeing medical education.”
Medical education is being disrupted. The past

“Making changes century has seen significant changes to the field,
to curriculum from factors like the explosion of medical knowledge
is sort of like and tech in the 1960s, increased evidence-based
moving the deck practice, and commercialisation and globalisation.
chairs around
the Titanic.” Dr Suwanwela, however, says the 21st century’s focus
on soft skills as well as the sudden increase in the
opportunities technology provide has profoundly
impacted medical education.
“Digital transformation demands drastic changes

in the medical care system as well as medical
education,” he says.
Coupled with a period of uncertainty, the future of

medical education is positioned to define the new
normal.
Dissecting Medical Education
According to Dr Charles G Prober, Senior Associate

Vice Provost for Health Education at Stanford
University in the United States, outside of current
global circumstances, medical education faces three
major concerns: cost, route memory, and a focus on
form over function.
158 159
In the US, a medical degree can cost as much as US$200,000, which Dr Prober “Now you begin extracting data a lot quicker than
says is unsustainable. The use of route memory, meanwhile, means medical that.”
students are not necessarily learning as effectively as possible.
Dr Torda used Sophya to co-create Preparation
“Students are expected to learn myriad facts often to put them into their for Practice along with Dr Michelle Leech, Deputy
memory banks and in doing so, it pushes out opportunities for different kinds of Dean of the of Faculty Medicine Nursing and Health
learning,” Dr Prober tells QS. Sciences at Monash University, also in Australia.
The course, developed in response to COVID-19,
Instead, Dr Prober says educations should fine-tune students’ search capabilities quickly upskills final year medical students for entry
as devices, as more information accessibility increases. into clinical practice, and Dr Torda says putting the
content online and available for other institutions
In disrupting medical education, however, Dr Prober says there needs to
increases efficiency within the medical education
be consideration behind the reasons why changes are being made, and the
space.
implementation of a change for its own sake may not result in better learning
outcomes. “Now you begin
For the benefits digital delivery provides, however, extracting data a
there are parts of learning it can’t recreate, like lot quicker than
“Making changes to curriculum is sort of like moving the deck chairs around the
suturing. These limitations are further exacerbated that.”
Titanic. It doesn’t really amount to any difference in the ultimate outcome,” he
by the current social distancing measures and safety
adds.
concerns. Education has continued, but students will
Post-COVID need to be brought up to speed, Dr Torda notes.
Several educators tell QS, ultimately, COVID has seen them move their courses “We have to do an intensive clinical teaching block to
online faster than they had originally planned, rather than forcing a change. catch them up,” she says.
One example of pre-COVID innovation is the Sophya platform, created by “We want to make sure that they know how to take a
medical doctor Vishal Punwani and PhD candidate Emma Giles, both at pulse, they know how to listen to a heart and a lung.”
Harvard University, and borne out of the Harvard Innovation Labs. The project
Dr Torda tells QS she and others are confident
is described as the “Spotify of Education”, aiming to deliver courses to students
medical students will not be left behind during this
as they need them, rather the student searching for courses.
period and students will quickly complete their
As well as content seeking out the learners, the platform allows them to learn studies and graduate. Achieving this, she says,
collaboratively and make notes on almost all content, while simultaneously requires ongoing, adaptive planning for the months
empowering educators with better data and insight. and potentially years ahead.
“In the past, what we’ve done is just survey students at the end of a seven-week The full version of this abridged article first appeared
term,” says Dr Adrienne Torda, Associate Dean of Education and Innovation at in the 2021 Latin America Rankings Higher Education
the University of New South Wales’ Faculty of Medicine UNSW in Australia. Report.
160 161
Agriculture & Forestry Anatomy & Physiology Biological Sciences Dentistry
1 Wageningen University & Research 1 University of Oxford 1 Harvard University 1 University of Gothenburg
2 University of California, Davis 2 University of Cambridge 2 Massachusetts Institute of Technology 2 University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
3 Swedish University of Agricultural 3 Stanford University 3 University of Cambridge 3= Academic Centre for Dentistry Am-
Sciences 4 Columbia University 4 Stanford University sterdam
4 AgroParisTech 5 Johns Hopkins University 5 University of Oxford 3= The University of Hong Kong
5 Cornell University 6 University of Toronto 6 University of California, Berkeley 5= King’s College London
6 ETH Zurich - Swiss Federal Institute of 7 UCL 7 ETH Zurich - Swiss Federal Institute of 5= Tokyo Medical and Dental University
Technology 8 Duke University Technology 7 University of California, San Francisco
7 China Agricultural University 9 University of California, Los Angeles 8 Yale University 8 Harvard University
8 University of Wisconsin-Madison 10 McGill University 9 University of California, Los Angeles 9 University of Bern
9 University of California, Berkeley 11 Washington University in St. Louis 10 University of California, San Diego 10 Karolinska Institutet
10 Michigan State University 12 Imperial College London 11 California Institute of Technology 11 University of Zurich
11 Ghent University 13= University of California, San Francisco 12 Cornell University 12 UCL
12 University of Reading 13= University of Pennsylvania 13= Imperial College London 13 Universidade de São Paulo
13 University of Copenhagen 15 The University of Melbourne 13= University of California, San Francisco 14 Queen Mary University of London
14 Iowa State University 16 University of California, San Diego 15 UCL 15 University of Washington
15 Purdue University 17 University of British Columbia 16 University of Toronto 16 University of Pennsylvania
16 Texas A&M University 18= University of Copenhagen 17 National University of Singapore 17 New York University
17 University of British Columbia 18= University of Michigan-Ann Arbor 18 The University of Tokyo 18 Complutense University of Madrid
18 University of Hohenheim 20 The University of Tokyo 19 Columbia University 19 KU Leuven
19= Norwegian University of Life Sciences 21= National University of Singapore 20 The University of Edinburgh 20 University of Birmingham
19= Oregon State University 21= University of Washington 21= Princeton University 21 University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
21 University of Guelph 23 University of Zurich 21= University of Copenhagen 22= UNESP
22 The University of Tokyo 24= King’s College London 23 University of Pennsylvania 22= University of Iowa
23 Nanjing Agricultural University 24= The University of Edinburgh 24 Johns Hopkins University 24 Malmo University
24 Pennsylvania State University 26= Pennsylvania State University 25 EPFL 25 University of California, Los Angeles
25 University of Florida 26= The University of Western Australia 26= Kyoto University 26 Universidade Estadual de Campinas
26= University of Göttingen 28 The University of Sydney 26= Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität 27 Wuhan University
26= The University of Queensland 29 The University of Queensland München 28 University of Minnesota Twin Cities
28 Aarhus University 30 ETH Zurich - Swiss Federal Institute of 26= Tsinghua University 29 University of Geneva
29 University of Illinois at Urbana-Cham- Technology 29= University of Chicago 30 University of Copenhagen
paign 31 Northwestern University 29= University of Michigan-Ann Arbor 31 The University of Manchester
30 University of Natural Resources and 32 Peking University 31 Peking University 32= Boston University
Applied Life Sciences Vienna 33 University of Bristol 32 Karolinska Institutet 32= Peking University
31 The Ohio State University 34 University of Alberta 33= Nanyang Technological University, Sin- 34 The University of Adelaide
32 Technical University of Munich 35 Universitat de Barcelona gapore 35 Aarhus University
33 North Carolina State University 36 Kyoto University 33= University of British Columbia 36 University of British Columbia
34 Massey University 37= McMaster University 33= University of Washington 37 Seoul National University
35 University of Massachusetts Amherst 37= Monash University 36 McGill University 37 The University of Melbourne
36 University of Minnesota Twin Cities 39 The University of Texas Southwestern 37= The Rockefeller University 38 University of Toronto
37= The University of Georgia Medical Center at Dallas 37= Sorbonne University 39= Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
37= Zhejiang University 40 University of Otago 39= Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg München
39 The Australian National University 41 Vanderbilt University 39= Seoul National University 39= Alma Mater Studiorum - University of
40= Kansas State University 42= Case Western Reserve University 41 Duke University Bologna
40= South China Agricultural University 42= Fudan University 42 Wageningen University & Research 41= Columbia University
42 Seoul National University 42= University of Basel 43 The University of Melbourne 41= Radboud University
43 Kyoto University 45 University of Wisconsin-Madison 44 New York University 43 University of Otago
44= Alma Mater Studiorum - University of 46 University of Florida 45= University of California, Davis 44 Sichuan University
Bologna 47= The Australian National University 45= Washington University in St. Louis 45= Albert-Ludwigs-Universitaet Freiburg
44= Washington State University 47= Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität 47 Uppsala University 45= University of Oslo
46= Colorado State University München 48 Technical University of Munich 47 University at Buffalo SUNY
46= Universidade de São Paulo 49 University of Geneva 49 University of Zurich 48 University of Helsinki
48 University of Helsinki 50 The University of New South Wales 50 The University of Queensland 49 Newcastle University
49= Universidade Estadual de Campinas 50= Tufts University
49= The University of Edinburgh 50= University of Groningen
162 163
Medicine Nursing Pharmacy & Pharmacology Modern Languages
1 Harvard University 1 University of Pennsylvania 1 University of Oxford 1 Harvard University

2 University of Oxford 2 King’s College London 2 Monash University 2 Stanford University
3 Stanford University 3 Johns Hopkins University 3 Harvard University 3 University of Oxford
4 University of Cambridge 4 University of Washington 4 University of Cambridge 4 University of Cambridge
5 Johns Hopkins University 5 The University of Manchester 5 University of Nottingham 5 University of California, Berkeley
6 Karolinska Institutet 6 University of California, San Francisco 6 University of North Carolina, Chapel 6 University of California, Los Angeles
7 University of California, Los Angeles 7 Yale University Hill 7 Yale University
8 Yale University 8 University of North Carolina, Chapel 7 UCL 8 University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
9 UCL Hill 8 University of California, San Francisco 9 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
10 Imperial College London 9 University of Southampton 9 Johns Hopkins University 10= UCL
11 Massachusetts Institute of Technology 10 Duke University 10 University of Toronto 10= University of Pennsylvania
12 University of California, San Francisco 11 University of Technology Sydney 11 Leiden University 12 Columbia University
13 Columbia University 12 University of Toronto 12 National University of Singapore 13 New York University
14 University of Toronto 13 The University of Sydney 13 The University of Sydney 14 University of Chicago
15 University of Pennsylvania 14 University of Alberta 14 The University of Manchester 15 University of Amsterdam
16 Duke University 15= McMaster University 15= The University of Tokyo 16= National University of Singapore
17 King’s College London 15= Monash University 15= University of Copenhagen 16= University of British Columbia
18 The University of Melbourne 17 University of Michigan-Ann Arbor 17= Karolinska Institutet 18 Princeton University
19 The University of Sydney 18= Columbia University 17= Yale University 19 University of Toronto
20 University of Washington 18= Emory University 19 King’s College London 20= King’s College London
21 The University of Edinburgh 20 Karolinska Institutet 20 University of California, San Diego 20= The University of Melbourne
22 University of Michigan-Ann Arbor 21 University of Pittsburgh 21= ETH Zurich - Swiss Federal Institute of 22 Northwestern University
23 London School of Hygiene and Tropical 22 The Chinese University of Hong Kong Technology 23 KU Leuven
Medicine 23 National University of Singapore 21= Seoul National University 24= The London School of Economics and
24 National University of Singapore 24 New York University 23= University of Michigan-Ann Arbor Political Science
25 McGill University 25 Griffith University 23= University of Washington 24= The University of New South Wales
26 University of California, San Diego 26 The University of Edinburgh 25 McGill University 26 The University of Queensland
27 University of Chicago 27= University of British Columbia 26= Imperial College London 27 Nanyang Technological University, Sin-
28 Seoul National University 27= University of California, Los Angeles 26= University of British Columbia gapore
29 The University of Tokyo 29 University of Turku 28 The University of Auckland 28 Duke University
30 Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg 30 Deakin University 29 Peking University 29 McGill University
31 University of British Columbia 31 Queensland University of Technology 30 Purdue University 30 The University of Sydney
32 University of Amsterdam 32 McGill University 31 The University of Queensland 31 Utrecht University
33= Cornell University 33 The University of Melbourne 32 Utrecht University 32 University of Illinois at Urbana-Cham-
33= New York University 34 The Ohio State University 33= Duke University paign
35 Erasmus University Rotterdam 35 The University of Auckland 33= The University of Edinburgh 33 The University of Edinburgh
36= Monash University 36 The University of Newcastle, Australia 33= University of Geneva 34= The University of Manchester
36= Washington University in St. Louis 37 University of Nottingham 36 University of Minnesota Twin Cities 34= The University of Hong Kong
38 The University of Manchester 38= Seoul National University 37= Trinity College Dublin, The University of 36 University of Texas at Austin
39 The University of Hong Kong 38= The University of Queensland Dublin 37 Carnegie Mellon University
40 The Chinese University of Hong Kong 38= The University of Hong Kong 37= Uppsala University 38 The Australian National University
41= McMaster University 41 Ulster University 39 Kyoto University 39 Erasmus University Rotterdam
41= University of Copenhagen 42 Australian Catholic University 40 University of Basel 40 Michigan State University
43 Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität 43= Pennsylvania State University 41 KU Leuven 41= Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
München 43= The Hong Kong Polytechnic University 42 University of Pennsylvania 41= The University of Western Australia
44 Sorbonne University 43= University of Illinois at Chicago 43= Fudan University 43= Freie Universitaet Berlin
45 The University of New South Wales 46 Trinity College Dublin, The University of 43= Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität 43= University of Groningen
46 University of Pittsburgh Dublin München 45 Cornell University
47= Baylor College of Medicine 47= Lund University 43= Sungkyunkwan University 46= The Chinese University of Hong Kong
47= University of Glasgow 47= Vanderbilt University 46 King Abdulaziz University 46= University of Wisconsin-Madison
49= Emory University 49 University College Cork 47= Columbia University 48= The Ohio State University
49= National Taiwan University 50= University of Calgary 47= Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main 48= University of Zurich
50= University of Leeds 49= Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg 50 University of California, San Diego
49= Université catholique de Louvain
164 165
Subject Rankings: Life Sciences & Medicine 2021
Veterinary Science
1 Royal Veterinary College , University of

London
2 University of California, Davis
3 Utrecht University
3 The University of Edinburgh
4 Cornell University
5 University of Guelph
6 The Ohio State University
7= University of Cambridge
7= University of Copenhagen
7= Vetsuisse Faculty Bern and Zurich
10 University of Glasgow
11 Michigan State University
12 Ghent University
13 University of Bristol
14 Colorado State University Master Of Science
15 University of Pennsylvania
16 The University of Sydney
17 Wageningen University & Research
18 The University of Melbourne
19 Massey University
20 University of Minnesota Twin Cities
21= University of Liverpool
21= University of Wisconsin-Madison
23 University College Dublin
24= Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
München
24= Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
26 The University of Queensland
27 Iowa State University
40 +
28 University of Florida
29= The University of Georgia
29= The University of Tokyo
31= Freie Universitaet Berlin
31= North Carolina State University
31= Swedish University of Agricultural
Sciences
31= University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna
35 Complutense University of Madrid
36 University of Nottingham
37 University of Calgary
38 University of Helsinki
39 University of Milan
40= Universidade de São Paulo
42 Université de Montréal
43= London School of Hygiene and Tropical
Medicine ‫ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎد اﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰ اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﺘﻘﻮﻳﻢ واﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎد اﻻﻛﺎدﻳﻤﻲ‬
43= Washington State University
45 Seoul National University Institutionally Accredited by National Center for Academic Accreditation and Evaluation
46 Texas A&M University
47 Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State Quality and Accreditation Memberships
University
48 Kansas State University
49 The University of Adelaide
50 University of Illinois at Urbana-Cham-
paign
166 UBT_EDU
920000490 W W W . U B T. E D U . S A
Subject Rankings: Natural Sciences 2021 Subject Rankings: Natural Sciences 2021
1 1 n Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) US 97.5 49= 67= h University of Maryland, College Park US 81.3
2 2= n Stanford University US 97.3 52 49= i The University of Hong Kong HK 81.2
3 2= i Harvard University US 97.0 53= 58= h KIT, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology DE 81.1
4 4 n University of Cambridge UK 96.7 53= 55= h Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg DE 81.1
5 5 n University of Oxford UK 95.4 53= 46 i The University of Melbourne AU 81.1
6 6= n ETH Zurich - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology CH 95.1 53= 63 h Zhejiang University CN 81.1
7 6= i California Institute of Technology (Caltech) US 94.9 57= 55= i Shanghai Jiao Tong University CN 81.0
8 6= i University of California, Berkeley (UCB) US 94.4 57= 52= i UCL UK 81.0
9 9 n Imperial College London UK 91.7 59 49= i The University of Manchester UK 80.8
10 10 n Princeton University US 91.6 60= 65= h Pennsylvania State University US 80.7
11 11 n EPFL CH 90.1 60= 60= n University of Bristol UK 80.7
12 14 h National University of Singapore (NUS) SG 90.0 62= 54 i National Taiwan University (NTU) TW 80.3
13 13 n The University of Tokyo JP 89.8 62= 49= i The University of Sydney AU 80.3
14 19 h Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (NTU) SG 89.5 64= 62 i Delft University of Technology NL 80.1
15= 16 h Tsinghua University CN 89.1 64= 90 h Université Paris-Saclay FR 80.1
15= 15 n University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) US 89.1 66= 67= h Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT / Moscow Phystech) RU 80.0
17 17 n Peking University CN 88.4 66= 65= i RWTH Aachen University DE 80.0
18= 12 i University of Chicago US 87.7 68= 57 i Osaka University JP 79.9
18= 18 n University of Toronto CA 87.7 68= 58= i Tohoku University JP 79.9
20 20 n Yale University US 87.4 70 70= n University of Pennsylvania US 79.8
21 21 n Lomonosov Moscow State University RU 86.7 71 69 i Sapienza University of Rome IT 79.7
22 31 h Sorbonne University FR 85.9 72 75 h The University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney) AU 79.6
23= 23 n Columbia University US 85.6 73 72= i Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin DE 79.3
23= 25 h University of British Columbia CA 85.6 74 64 i Novosibirsk State University RU 79.2
25 24 i Cornell University US 85.5 75 76= h Universidade de São Paulo BR 79.1
26 26= n Ecole Polytechnique FR 85.0 76 89 h Monash University AU 79.0
27 22 i Kyoto University JP 84.8 77 76= i Universidad Autónoma de Madrid ES 78.9
28 26= i Université PSL FR 84.6 78 93 h Duke University US 78.7
29= 30 h University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign US 84.5 79= 80= h Carnegie Mellon University US 78.6
29= 33 h University of Texas at Austin US 84.5 79= 86= h University of Waterloo CA 78.6
31 28 i Technical University of Munich DE 84.0 81 80= i Universitat de Barcelona ES 78.4
32 29 i Seoul National University KR 83.9 82= 74 i Korea University KR 78.3
33 34 h University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) US 83.8 82= 72= i Nagoya University JP 78.3
34= 40= h University of California, San Diego (UCSD) US 83.4 82= 80= i University of Copenhagen DK 78.3
34= 42= h University of Michigan-Ann Arbor US 83.4 85= 83 i Johns Hopkins University US 78.2
36 45 h University of Washington US 83.2 85= 84= i KTH Royal Institute of Technology SE 78.2
37= 37= n The Australian National University AU 83.0 85= 92 h University of California, Davis US 78.2
37= 42= h Northwestern University US 83.0 88= 94= h Pohang University of Science And Technology (POSTECH) KR 78.1
37= 35 i University of Science and Technology of China CN 83.0 88= 78 i The University of Warwick UK 78.1
40 32 i Tokyo Institute of Technology (Tokyo Tech) JP 82.8 88= 96= h University of Amsterdam NL 78.1
41 36 i Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München DE 82.7 91 99= h Texas A&M University US 78.0
42 40= i The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology HK 82.6 92= 111 h Indian Institute of Science IN 77.9
43= 39 i Fudan University CN 82.4 92= 86= i Purdue University US 77.9
43= 47= h Georgia Institute of Technology US 82.4 92= 91 i The University of Queensland AU 77.9
43= 37= i The University of Edinburgh UK 82.4 92= 88 i Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) MX 77.9
46 44 i KAIST - Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology KR 82.2 96 79 i Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU) KR 77.8
47 52= h University of Wisconsin-Madison US 82.1 97 84= i Durham University UK 77.7
48 47= i McGill University CA 81.5 98 104= h Stockholm University SE 77.5
49= 60= h Nanjing University CN 81.3 99= 110 h The Ohio State University US 77.4
49= 70= h University of Colorado Boulder US 81.3 99= 120= h Université Grenoble Alpes FR 77.4
99= 101= h University of Minnesota Twin Cities US 77.4
168 169
Space Science
By Martin Ince
Every time a person uses a smartphone to find best

route to a meeting, they are a customer of the space
industry.
But satellite navigation is only the start of the story.

Satellites now come in all sizes, from some as big as a
bus to a cube that can be held in a hand. They bring
access to the web; help monitor the Earth’s surface
and oceans; and they permit the development of
new industries, such as the provision of banking and
“Space is insurance in remote parts of the Global South.
not just one The space industry is growing fast, making it a
discipline or desirable destination for ambitious grads. According
department.” to the US non-profit Space Foundation, it employed
179,000 people in the US in 2018, with other major
space industries in Europe, Russia, Japan, and India.
As a result, space science is a growth business for

universities. Observers point to two main approaches
to the subject. Some degree provision comes from
institutions with a long-standing commitment
to aerospace engineering. Over time, the space
component of many programs in this area is growing
relative to the comparatively traditional aviation part.
And some universities are launching new courses
exclusively to do with satellites, launchers, and other
space systems.
The other approach to space science is via astronomy

and space exploration. Because these activities are
complex and specialist, university experts often know
a lot about building telescopes and other equipment
to use in space, and how to integrate them into a
working space mission that will last for years with no
chance of a visit from the repair team.
170 171
In the UK, for example, five universities now offer undergraduate courses in Being global and airborne has its challenges, however.
space science. Aberystwyth offers a program in space science and robotics, Han says the Republic of Korea has “come late”, and
while others have more of an emphasis on electrical and electronic engineering. because of its tricky relations with North Korea, the
subject remains a delicate one.
At the junction between university and industry is Professor Martin Barstow at
the University of Leicester in the UK and director of strategic partnerships at “Most of our projects have to do with Earth
Space Park Leicester, a fast-growing part of the UK’s significant space industry. observation and relate to defense.” However, this
knowledge is now being put to peaceful use, and
“Space is not just one discipline or department,” he explains. more broadly, space science can be seen as a key
to global cooperation, with nations such as Ethiopia
“[A recent survey] showed 300 people at the university, including academics,
interested in KAIST’s nanosatellite technology.
researchers and technicians, are involved with space in one way or another.”
“We have wildfires every year in Korea, although not
Bairstow adds space-based astronomy “is highly technical and has always been
on the scale seen in California, and as a result have The space
close to industry” throughout its 60-year history at Leicester.
experience of imaging them,” says So Young Kim, industy employed
“Partnerships are vital because we build instruments, while industry provides director of national centre Korean Policy Centre for 179,000 people
the spacecraft they fit into,” Barstow tells QS. the 4th Industrial Revolution, based at KAIST. in the US in 2018.
The availability of smaller satellites and decreasing cost of sending them into Jay Pasachoff, Field Memorial Professor of
orbit has similarly transformed the ponderous ways of the traditional space Astronomy at Williams College in the United States,
industry. Jae-Hung Han sees these developments from the point of view of the number one rated liberal-arts college, points
emerging technology, as head of the aerospace engineering department at out that before the growth of space science as a
KAIST in Korea. university subject, astronomy was a major attraction
for students, whether or not they intend it as a career.
Located in central South Korea, KAIST is close to KASI, the national astronomy
and space research centre, and KARI, the state aerospace research organisation. “We teach our introductory level course on two tracks:
Han says it is now benefitting from growing government support for space, one for general students and one for astrophysics or
including both launcher technology and satellites. physics majors,” he says.
“Our courses emphasise overall space system design. This allows the students “We get a lot of students looking for an interesting
to enter careers with major companies such as Hyundai,” he says, adding space course outside of their majors.”
is now a global business.
The full version of this abridged article first appeared
In 2017, KAIST students worked with colleagues from Australia’s RMIT, Drexel in QS-GEN 2, November 2020.
University in the US, and Hong Kong University of Science and Technology to
win a global lunar lander competition.
172 173
Chemistry Earth & Marine Sciences Environmental Sciences Geography
1 Massachusetts Institute of Technology 1 ETH Zurich - Swiss Federal Institute of 1= Harvard University 1 University of Oxford
2 Stanford University Technology 1= Stanford University 2 The London School of Economics and
3 Harvard University 2 Massachusetts Institute of Technology 3 Massachusetts Institute of Technology Political Science
4 University of Cambridge 3 Harvard University 4 University of Oxford 3 University of Cambridge
5 University of California, Berkeley 4 University of Cambridge 5= University of Cambridge 4 University of California, Berkeley
6 University of Oxford 5= California Institute of Technology 5= Wageningen University & Research 5 National University of Singapore
7 National University of Singapore 5= Stanford University 7 ETH Zurich - Swiss Federal Institute of 6 University of California, Los Angeles
8 Nanyang Technological University 7 University of California, Berkeley Technology 7 The Australian National University
9 ETH Zurich - Swiss Federal Institute of 8 University of Washington 8 Tsinghua University 8 University of British Columbia
Technology 9 University of Oxford 9 University of California, Berkeley 9 UCL
10 EPFL 10 Columbia University 10 Imperial College London 10 University of Toronto
11 California Institute of Technology 11 University of British Columbia 11 National University of Singapore 11 The University of Hong Kong
12 Imperial College London 12 Pennsylvania State University 12 University of British Columbia 12 Durham University
13 The University of Tokyo 13 University of California, Los Angeles 13 Nanyang Technological University, Sin- 13 The University of Tokyo
14 Northwestern University 14 University of Colorado Boulder gapore 14 Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
15= Peking University 15= The University of Tokyo 14 Delft University of Technology 15 The University of Exeter
15= University of California, Los Angeles 15= Yale University 15= University of California, Davis 16 The University of Melbourne
17 Tsinghua University 17 University of California, San Diego 15= Yale University 17= The University of Edinburgh
18 Yale University 18 Princeton University 17 The University of Queensland 17= University of Wisconsin-Madison
19 University of Toronto 19= University of Leeds 18 University of California, Los Angeles 19= The Chinese University of Hong Kong
20 Kyoto University 19= University of Toronto 19 The University of New South Wales 19= University of Amsterdam
21 University of Texas at Austin 21= University of Bristol 20 Cornell University 21 The University of Sydney
22 Zhejiang University 21= University of Texas at Austin 21= EPFL 22 Peking University
23 Fudan University 23 The Australian National University 21= Peking University 23 King’s College London
24 KAIST - Korea Advanced Institute of 24 Imperial College London 23= Stockholm University 24= Lund University
Science & Technology 25 Colorado School of Mines 23= University of Michigan-Ann Arbor 24= McGill University
25 Princeton University 26 Utrecht University 25 The University of Melbourne 26 Utrecht University
26 University of Michigan-Ann Arbor 27 The University of Edinburgh 26 Princeton University 27 The University of Manchester
27 The University of Manchester 28 McGill University 27 California Institute of Technology 28 University of Washington
28= Georgia Institute of Technology 29 The University of Arizona 28 McGill University 29 The Ohio State University
28= Tokyo Institute of Technology 30 University of California, Davis 29= The University of Tokyo 30 KU Leuven
30 Technical University of Munich 31 Peking University 29= University of Leeds 31= Seoul National University
31= Seoul National University 32 Sorbonne University 31= Duke University 31= University of Chicago
31= The Hong Kong University of Science 33 University of Reading 31= University of Toronto 33= SOAS University of London
and Technology 34= Colorado State University 33 UCL 33= University of Leeds
33 University of Illinois at Urbana-Cham- 34= UCL 34 The Australian National University 35= Freie Universitaet Berlin
paign 34= University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa 35 Columbia University 35= Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne
34= University of Chicago 37= Oregon State University 36 University of Washington 37 Tsinghua University
34= University of Wisconsin-Madison 37= The University of Western Australia 37 The University of Edinburgh 38 University of Bristol
36= Monash University 39 University of Maryland, College Park 38 Technical University of Denmark 39= Kyoto University
36= Osaka University 40= The University of New South Wales 39= University of Wisconsin-Madison 39= Pennsylvania State University
38 University of British Columbia 40= University of Oslo 39= Zhejiang University 41= The University of Sheffield
39 UCL 42 University of Alberta 41= The Hong Kong University of Science 41= Universidad Nacional Autónoma de
40 University of Science and Technology of 43= Delft University of Technology and Technology México
China 43= Texas A&M University 41= University of Copenhagen 41= University of Minnesota Twin Cities
41 Cornell University 45 The University of Melbourne 43 The University of Exeter 44 The University of Auckland
42= Columbia University 46 University of Michigan-Ann Arbor 44= Georgia Institute of Technology 45 The University of Queensland
42= Nanjing University 47= Tsinghua University 44= Lund University 46 Universidade de São Paulo
44 Shanghai Jiao Tong University 47= University of Bergen 44= University of East Anglia 47 Stockholm University
45 University of Pennsylvania 49 The University of Hong Kong 44= The University of Hong Kong 48 University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
46 Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität 50 Curtin University 48 University of Texas at Austin 49 Uppsala University
München 49= University of Illinois at Urbana-Cham- 50 Newcastle University
47 The University of Melbourne paign
48 Université de Strasbourg 49= Uppsala University
49 KU Leuven
50 Delft University of Technology
174 175
Geology Geophysics Materials Science Mathematics
1 ETH Zurich - Swiss Federal Institute of 1 ETH Zurich - Swiss Federal Institute of 1 Nanyang Technological University 1 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Technology Technology 2 Massachusetts Institute of Technology 2 Stanford University
2 Harvard University 2 Harvard University 3 Stanford University 3 Harvard University
3 Massachusetts Institute of Technology 3= California Institute of Technology 4 University of Cambridge 4 University of Cambridge
4 University of Washington 3= Massachusetts Institute of Technology 5= Harvard University 5 University of Oxford
5 University of Cambridge 5 University of Washington 5= National University of Singapore 6 University of California, Berkeley
6 California Institute of Technology 6 University of Cambridge 7 Georgia Institute of Technology 7 Princeton University
7 University of California, Berkeley 7 University of California, Berkeley 8 University of California, Berkeley 8 ETH Zurich - Swiss Federal Institute of
8 Stanford University 8 University of Oxford 9 University of Oxford Technology
9 University of Oxford 9 Stanford University 10 Tsinghua University 9 National University of Singapore
10= Columbia University 10 University of Colorado Boulder 11 Northwestern University 10 University of California, Los Angeles
10= University of Colorado Boulder 11 Columbia University 12 EPFL 11 Imperial College London
12 Pennsylvania State University 12 Pennsylvania State University 13 Peking University 12 New York University
13 University of British Columbia 13 University of British Columbia 14 Imperial College London 13 Université PSL
14 Yale University 14 Yale University 15 ETH Zurich - Swiss Federal Institute of 14 University of Toronto
15= University of California, Los Angeles 15 University of Leeds Technology 15 California Institute of Technology
15= University of California, San Diego 16= Princeton University 16= Fudan University 16 Columbia University
17 University of Leeds 16= University of California, Los Angeles 16= KAIST - Korea Advanced Institute of 17 University of Chicago
18= Princeton University 16= University of California, San Diego Science & Technology 18 Tsinghua University
18= The University of Tokyo 19 The University of Tokyo 16= The Hong Kong University of Science 19 Peking University
20 University of Toronto 20 University of Toronto and Technology 20 University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
21 University of Bristol 21 Colorado State University 19 University of Illinois at Urbana-Cham- 21= The University of Warwick
22 University of Texas at Austin 22= The Australian National University paign 21= University of British Columbia
23 Utrecht University 22= University of Bristol 20 Shanghai Jiao Tong University 21= Yale University
24= The Australian National University 22= University of Texas at Austin 21 University of California, Los Angeles 24= Ecole Polytechnique
24= The University of Arizona 25 The University of Edinburgh 22 Seoul National University 24= The University of Tokyo
24= University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa 26= The University of Arizona 23 Pennsylvania State University 26 EPFL
27 The University of Edinburgh 26= University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa 24 University of Science and Technology of 27 Georgia Institute of Technology
28 Colorado State University 28 Utrecht University China 28 Carnegie Mellon University
29 Imperial College London 29= University of California, Davis 25= California Institute of Technology 29 Sorbonne University
30 McGill University 29= University of Maryland, College Park 25= City University of Hong Kong 30 University of Texas at Austin
31 University of California, Davis 31 McGill University 27 Zhejiang University 31 Nanyang Technological University, Sin-
32 University of Maryland, College Park 32 Sorbonne University 28 The University of Manchester gapore
33 Peking University 33 Imperial College London 29= Sungkyunkwan University 32 University of Pennsylvania
34= Sorbonne University 34 Peking University 29= The University of Tokyo 33 Cornell University
34= University of Oslo 35 University of Oslo 31 University of Texas at Austin 34 Lomonosov Moscow State University
36 The University of Western Australia 36 Texas A&M University 32 Carnegie Mellon University 35 University of Waterloo
37 Oregon State University 37 The University of New South Wales 33 University of California, Santa Barbara 36 The Hong Kong University of Science
38 The University of New South Wales 38 UCL 34= Monash University and Technology
39 Texas A&M University 39= Tsinghua University 34= University of Michigan-Ann Arbor 37 The Chinese University of Hong Kong
40 UCL 39= Wageningen University & Research 36 Delft University of Technology 38 The University of New South Wales
41 China University of Geosciences 41= Delft University of Technology 37 Pohang University of Science And Tech. 39= Brown University
42 University of Bergen 41= University of Alberta 38 KTH Royal Institute of Technology 39= University of Wisconsin-Madison
43= Curtin University 43= Oregon State University 39= The University of New South Wales 41 The University of Edinburgh
43= Delft University of Technology 43= University of Bergen 39= University of Toronto 42= The University of Sydney
45 University of Alberta 45= The University of Melbourne 41 RWTH Aachen University 42= UCL
46 Tsinghua University 45= The University of Western Australia 42= Nanjing University 44 Shanghai Jiao Tong University
47 The University of Melbourne 47 The University of Exeter 42= Rice University 45= Fudan University
48 University of Tasmania 48= University of Bern 44 Purdue University 45= Kyoto University
49 Wageningen University & Research 48= University of Michigan-Ann Arbor 45 KIT, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology 47= McGill University
50= The University of Hong Kong 50 Stockholm University 46 University of Pennsylvania 47= Seoul National University
50= University of Southampton 47 Cornell University 49 KTH Royal Institute of Technology
48 Korea University 50 The Australian National University
49 Technical University of Munich
50= Kyoto University
50= The Chinese University of Hong Kong
176 177
Subject Rankings: Natural Sciences 2021
Physics & Astronomy
1 Massachusetts Institute of Technology

2 Stanford University
3 Harvard University
4 University of Cambridge
5 University of Oxford
6 University of California, Berkeley
7 California Institute of Technology
8 Princeton University
9 ETH Zurich - Swiss Federal Institute of
Technology
10 The University of Tokyo
11 Imperial College London
12 University of California, Los Angeles
13 Tsinghua University
14 EPFL
15 National University of Singapore
16= University of Illinois at Urbana-Cham-
paign
16= Yale University
18= Columbia University
18= University of Chicago
20 Nanyang Technological University, Sin-
gapore
21 Peking University
München
22= Technical University of Munich
24 Cornell University
25 University of California, Santa Barbara
26= Kyoto University
26= University of Toronto
28 Tokyo Institute of Technology
29= Lomonosov Moscow State University
29= University of Maryland, College Park
31= Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
31= UCL
31= Université PSL
34= University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
34= University of Texas at Austin
36 Seoul National University
37= The Hong Kong University of Science
and Technology
37= Tohoku University
39 Ecole Polytechnique
40 The Australian National University
41= Sapienza University of Rome
41= The University of Manchester
43= Georgia Institute of Technology
43= Shanghai Jiao Tong University
45= Osaka University
45= The University of Edinburgh
47 Sorbonne University
48 Fudan University
49 University of British Columbia
50 Moscow Institute of Physics and Tech-
nology
178
Subject Rankings: Social Sciences & Management 2021 Subject Rankings: Social Sciences & Management 2021
1 1 n Harvard University US 97.8 52= 49 i King's College London UK 77.9
2 2 n The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) UK 94.5 52= 63= h Universidade de São Paulo BR 77.9
3= 3 n Stanford University US 93.7 54 69 h Copenhagen Business School DK 77.8
3= 4 i University of Oxford UK 93.7 55 54= i Lomonosov Moscow State University RU 77.7
5 5 n University of Cambridge UK 92.9 56= 54= i ETH Zurich - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology CH 77.6
6 6 n Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) US 92.4 56= 59= h Sciences Po FR 77.6
7 7 n University of California, Berkeley (UCB) US 90.0 56= 86= h Tecnológico de Monterrey MX 77.6
8 8 n Yale University US 89.1 59 51= i The University of Edinburgh UK 77.5
9 12 h National University of Singapore (NUS) SG 88.9 60= 51= i Imperial College London UK 77.3
10 15 h University of Chicago US 88.0 60= 80 h Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) AR 77.3
11 9 i University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) US 87.8 62 54= i Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne FR 77.2
12= 10 i Columbia University US 87.2 63 50 i The University of Queensland AU 77.0
12= 13 h New York University (NYU) US 87.2 64= 65 h KU Leuven BE 76.8
12= 11 i University of Pennsylvania US 87.2 64= 59= i Yonsei University KR 76.8
15 14 i Princeton University US 86.9 66 59= i Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin DE 76.6
16 16 n Bocconi University IT 86.7 67= 70 h Universidad de Chile CL 76.5
17 23= h Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (NTU) SG 85.4 67= 67 n University of Wisconsin-Madison US 76.5
18 18= n University of Toronto CA 84.1 69= 54= i National Taiwan University (NTU) TW 76.4
19 18= h Northwestern University US 83.8 69= 71 h Pennsylvania State University US 76.4
20 21= h University of British Columbia CA 83.6 71 83= h University of Navarra ES 76.3
21 20 h Peking University CN 83.4 72 92= h Tilburg University NL 76.2
22 27 h University of Michigan-Ann Arbor US 83.3 73 89= h Zhejiang University CN 76.1
23 28 h London Business School UK 83.2 74 n Michigan State University US 76.0
24 17 i The University of Melbourne AU 82.9 75 74= i Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna IT 75.8
25 31 h INSEAD FR 82.7 76= 74= i Boston University US 75.7
26 21= i The University of Hong Kong HK 82.3 76= 94= h Singapore Management University SG 75.7
27 32 h Tsinghua University CN 81.6 76= 78= h University of Southern California US 75.7
28 25= i UCL UK 81.5 79 72 i The Hong Kong Polytechnic University HK 75.6
29= 37= h Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (UC) CL 81.4 80= 89= h Renmin (People's) University of China CN 75.4
29= 35 h University of Amsterdam NL 81.4 80= 63= i The University of Auckland NZ 75.4
31 29= i Seoul National University KR 81.3 82 78= i Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU) KR 75.3
32 25= i The University of Sydney AU 81.1 83= 53 i Kyoto University JP 75.2
33 37 h Cornell University US 80.9 83= 82 i Universidad de los Andes CO 75.2
34= 29= i The Australian National University AU 80.7 85 74= i Universiti Malaya (UM) MY 75.0
34= 23= i The University of Tokyo JP 80.7 86= 92= h Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M) ES 74.9
36 46 h Erasmus University Rotterdam NL 80.6 86= 83= i Universitat Pompeu Fabra (Barcelona) ES 74.9
37 42 h Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) MX 80.5 86= 81 i University of St.Gallen (HSG) CH 74.9
38 39= h Duke University US 80.4 89 66 i University of Zurich CH 74.8
39= 33 i The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology HK 79.9 90 102= h The Ohio State University US 74.7
39= 34 i The University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney) AU 79.9 91= 69= i City University of Hong Kong HK 74.6
41 43= h HEC Paris School of Management FR 79.5 91= 73 i Universität Mannheim DE 74.6
42 36 i The University of Warwick UK 79.4 91= 98= h University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill US 74.6
43 43= n McGill University CA 79.3 94 98= h University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign US 74.5
44 47= h University of Texas at Austin US 79.1 95 102= h University of California, San Diego (UCSD) US 74.4
45 37= i The University of Manchester UK 78.9 96= 86= i Carnegie Mellon University US 74.2
46= 43= i Korea University KR 78.7 96= 94= i Georgetown University US 74.2
46= 39= i Monash University AU 78.7 96= 101 h University of Copenhagen DK 74.2
48 59= h HSE University RU 78.5 99= 96= i Freie Universitaet Berlin DE 74.1
49 47= i Fudan University CN 78.4 99= 104= h University of Washington US 74.1
50 41 i The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) HK 78.3 99= 101= h University of Minnesota Twin Cities US 77.4
51 58 h Shanghai Jiao Tong University CN 78.2 100= 94= i University of Otago NZ 75.5
180 181
Accounting & Finance Anthropology Business & Management Studies Communication & Media Studies
1 Harvard University 1 University of Cambridge 1 Harvard University 1 University of Amsterdam

2 Massachusetts Institute of Technology 2 University of Oxford 2 INSEAD 2 University of Southern California
3 Stanford University 3 Harvard University 3 London Business School 3 The London School of Economics and
4 The London School of Economics and 4 University of California, Berkeley 4 Massachusetts Institute of Technology Political Science
Political Science 5 The Australian National University 5 Stanford University 4 University of Texas at Austin
5 University of Oxford 6 UCL 6 University of Pennsylvania 5 Stanford University
6 University of Pennsylvania 7 University of Chicago 7 Bocconi University 6 Nanyang Technological University,
7 University of Cambridge 8 The London School of Economics and 8 University of Cambridge Singapore
8 University of California, Berkeley Political Science 9 HEC Paris School of Management 7 New York University
9 University of Chicago 9 University of California, Los Angeles 10 University of Oxford 8 University of Pennsylvania
10 New York University 10 University of Toronto 11 The London School of Economics and 9 University of Wisconsin-Madison
11 London Business School 11 University of Michigan-Ann Arbor Political Science 10 University of California, Berkeley
12 Columbia University 12 Columbia University 12 National University of Singapore 11 The Chinese University of Hong Kong
13 National University of Singapore 13 Stanford University 13 University of California, Berkeley 12 Goldsmiths, University of London
14 Bocconi University 14 National University of Singapore 14 Northwestern University 13 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
15 Yale University 15 Yale University 15 Copenhagen Business School 14 Michigan State University
16 University of California, Los Angeles 16 SOAS University of London 16 Erasmus University Rotterdam 15 Northwestern University
17 The University of Manchester 17 New York University 17 New York University 16= Queensland University of Technology
18 The University of Melbourne 18 The University of Edinburgh 18 Yale University 16= University of Zurich
19 The University of New South Wales 19 The University of Melbourne 19 Columbia University 18= Columbia University
20 HEC Paris School of Management 20 The University of Tokyo 20 Nanyang Technological University, Sin- 18= University of California, Los Angeles
21 The University of Sydney 21 University of Amsterdam gapore 20 University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
22 The Hong Kong University of Science 22 The University of Manchester 21 Universitat Ramon Llull 21 National University of Singapore
and Technology 23 University of British Columbia 22 The Hong Kong University of Science 22 The University of Sydney
23 Tsinghua University 24 The University of Sydney and Technology 23 King’s College London
24 Peking University 25 Leiden University 23 University of Chicago 24 University of Vienna
25 Nanyang Technological University, Sin- 26 Duke University 24 The University of Warwick 25= Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
gapore 27 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de 25 University of Navarra München
26 University of Michigan-Ann Arbor México 26 The University of Melbourne 25= University of California, Santa Barbara
27 University of Toronto 28 University of Copenhagen 27 University of Michigan-Ann Arbor 27 The University of Hong Kong
28 The University of Hong Kong 29 Princeton University 28 IE University 28= Cardiff University
29= Northwestern University 30 Freie Universitaet Berlin 29 University of California, Los Angeles 28= Cornell University
29= Princeton University 31 Kyoto University 30 University of St.Gallen 28= The Ohio State University
31 INSEAD 32 Durham University 31 Tsinghua University 31 University of Illinois at Urbana-Cham-
32 Monash University 33 University of Oslo 32 The University of Manchester paign
33 Imperial College London 34 McGill University 33 ESSEC Business School 32 University of Leeds
34= Cornell University 35= Arizona State University 34 Imperial College London 33 Yale University
34= Shanghai Jiao Tong University 35= Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 35 Peking University 34= Seoul National University
36= Tilburg University 37 Universidad de Buenos Aires 36= Shanghai Jiao Tong University 34= University of Copenhagen
36= University of Texas at Austin 38 University of Pennsylvania 36= Tecnológico de Monterrey 34= University of Toronto
38 Erasmus University Rotterdam 39 Aarhus University 38= Singapore Management University 37 University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
39 The Chinese University of Hong Kong 40 The University of Arizona 38= University of Toronto 38= Pennsylvania State University
40 The University of Edinburgh 41= Goldsmiths, University of London 40 The University of New South Wales 38= University of Missouri, Columbia
41 Duke University 41= Massachusetts Institute of Technology 41 Seoul National University 40 Aarhus University
42 The Australian National University 41= The Chinese University of Hong Kong 42 WU (Vienna University of Economics and 41 RMIT University
43 University of British Columbia 44= Universidade de São Paulo Business) 42 University of Washington
44 The University of Warwick 44= University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 43 The University of Sydney 43 The University of Melbourne
45= Copenhagen Business School 44= University of Texas at Austin 44 The University of Hong Kong 44= City University of Hong Kong
45= ETH Zurich - Swiss Federal Institute of 47 Johns Hopkins University 45= Monash University 44= UCL
Technology 48 The University of Auckland 45= University of British Columbia 46= Freie Universitaet Berlin
45= University of Navarra 49= Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen 47 Cornell University 46= McGill University
48 The University of Queensland 49= University of Vienna 48 Korea University 48= Indiana University Bloomington
49 The University of Tokyo 49 Duke University 48= University of British Columbia
50 Seoul National University 50 Fudan University 50= City, University of London
50= Tampere University
50= University of Westminster
182 183
Subject Rankings: Social Sciences & Management 2021
Development Studies Economics & Econometrics
1 University of Sussex 1 Massachusetts Institute of Technology

2 University of Oxford 2 Harvard University
3= Harvard University 3 Stanford University
3= The London School of Economics and 4 Princeton University
Political Science 5 University of California, Berkeley
5 SOAS University of London 6 The London School of Economics and
6 University of Cambridge Political Science
7 University of California, Berkeley 7 University of Chicago
8 Stanford University 8 Yale University
9 University of East Anglia 9 University of Oxford
10 University of Cape Town 10 University of Cambridge
11 The University of Manchester 11 Columbia University
12 Erasmus University Rotterdam 12 New York University
13 Wageningen University & Research 13 University of Pennsylvania
14 University of California, Los Angeles 14 Northwestern University
15 The Australian National University 15 University of California, Los Angeles
16 Columbia University 16 UCL
17= University of Göttingen 17 National University of Singapore
17= University of Copenhagen 18 Bocconi University
19 Cornell University 19 University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
20 University of Chicago 20 University of California, San Diego
21 The University of Melbourne 21 Duke University
22 Princeton University 22 University of Toronto
23 The University of Tokyo 23 University of British Columbia
24 University of Amsterdam 24 Peking University
25 The University of Hong Kong 25= The University of Warwick
26 The University of Edinburgh 25= Tsinghua University
27 University of Witwatersrand 27 The Hong Kong University of Science
28 Leiden University and Technology
29 University of British Columbia 28= Boston University
30 University of Toronto 28= Tilburg University
31 King’s College London 30= The University of Melbourne
32 Lund University 30= The University of Tokyo
33= McGill University 30= University of Zurich
33= Universidad Nacional Autónoma de 33= The Australian National University
México 33= London Business School
33= University of Leeds 35= Cornell University
36 Duke University 35= ETH Zurich - Swiss Federal Institute of
37= The University of Sydney Technology
37= Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne 35= Monash University
39= Sciences Po 38= California Institute of Technology
39= University of California, Davis 38= The University of Sydney
41 Utrecht University 40= Paris School of Economics
42 University of Massachusetts Amherst 40= Universität Mannheim
43 Michigan State University 42 The University of New South Wales
44 The University of Sheffield 43 Erasmus University Rotterdam
45 Makerere University 44 Brown University
46 Universidad de los Andes 45= Nanyang Technological University, Sin-
47 University of Oslo gapore
48 Uppsala University 45= Seoul National University
49 Ghent University 47 Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
50= Arizona State University 48 The Chinese University of Hong Kong
50= University of Delhi 49 The University of Hong Kong
München
50= University of California, Davis
184
Education Hospitality & Leisure Management Law Library & Information Management
1 UCL 1 EHL - Ecole hôtelière de Lausanne 1 Harvard University 1 The University of Sheffield
2 Harvard University 2 University of Nevada - Las Vegas 2 University of Oxford 2 University of North Carolina, Chapel
3 University of Toronto 3 Glion Institute of Higher Education 3 University of Cambridge Hill
4 University of Oxford 4 Les Roches Global Hospitality Ed. 4 Yale University 3 University of Illinois at Urbana-Cham-
5 Stanford University 4 Swiss Hotel Management School 5 Stanford University paign
6 University of Cambridge 5 Hotel School The Hague 6 The London School of Economics and 4 University of Toronto
7 The University of Hong Kong 6 Hotel Institute Montreux Political Science 5 University of Washington
8 University of California, Berkeley 7 César Ritz Colleges Switzerland 7 Columbia University 6 Indiana University Bloomington
9 Nanyang Technological University, 8 Culinary Arts Academy Switzerland 8 New York University 7 University of British Columbia
Singapore 9 The Hong Kong Polytechnic University 9 University of California, Berkeley 8= Syracuse University
10 University of British Columbia 10 IHTTI School of Hotel Management 10 National University of Singapore 8= University of California, Berkeley
11 Columbia University 11 University of Surrey 11= The University of Melbourne 10 McGill University
12 University of California, Los Angeles 12 Cornell University 11= University of Chicago 11 Rutgers University–New Brunswick
13 University of Wisconsin-Madison 13 HTMi Switzerland 13 The University of New South Wales 12 University of Maryland, College Park
14 The University of Melbourne 14 Oxford Brookes University 14 The University of Sydney 13 University of Pittsburgh
15 Monash University 15 International Management Institute 15 UCL 14 Loughborough University
16 The Education University of Hong Kong Switzerland 16 King’s College London 15= University of Texas at Austin
17 University of Michigan-Ann Arbor 16 Bournemouth University 17= The Australian National University 15= Western University
18 Johns Hopkins University 17 Taylor’s University 17= University of Toronto 17 University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
19 Michigan State University 19 Vatel, Hotel and Tourism Bus. School 19 Georgetown University 18 Nanyang Technological University, Sin-
20 University of Pennsylvania 20 Pennsylvania State University 20 Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne gapore
21 Vanderbilt University 21 Griffith University 21= The University of Tokyo 19 UCL
22= The University of Edinburgh 22 Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State 21= The University of Hong Kong 20 Wuhan University
22= University of Helsinki University 23 The University of Edinburgh 21= City, University of London
24 Beijing Normal University 23 Breda University of Applied Sciences 24 Leiden University 21= Tampere University
25 The University of Sydney 24 Uni. College of Hospitality Management 25 McGill University 23 Université de Montréal
26 McGill University and Culinary Arts of Sant Pol de Mar 26 University of California, Los Angeles 24 University College of Boras
27 King’s College London 25 University of Florida 27 Tsinghua University 25 Victoria University of Wellington
28 National Taiwan Normal University 26 Blue Mountains International Hotel Man- 28 Peking University 26 The University of Arizona
29 The University of Auckland agement School 29 Queen Mary University of London 27 University of Technology Sydney
30 The University of Queensland 27= Nanyang Technological University 30 University of Michigan-Ann Arbor 28 University of Amsterdam
31= Deakin University 27= University of Central Florida 31 University of Pennsylvania 29 Sungkyunkwan University
31= Pennsylvania State University 29 Michigan State University 32 Duke University 30 University of Southern California
31= The University of Manchester 30 Macao Institute for Tourism Studies 33 Seoul National University 31 University of Strathclyde
34 University of Bristol 31= The University of Queensland 34 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de 32 Universiti Malaya
35 Utrecht University 31= University of Houston México 33 University of Wisconsin Milwaukee
36 University of Washington 33 Texas A&M University 35= KU Leuven 34 Peking University
37 University of Amsterdam 34 Florida State University 35= University of Amsterdam 35= Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
38= KU Leuven 35= Florida International University 37 Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile 35= University at Buffalo SUNY
38= Seoul National University 35= Purdue University 38 Cornell University 37= Universitat de Barcelona
38= University of Glasgow 37= Universidade de São Paulo 39 Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 37= University of California, Los Angeles
41= Maastricht University 37= University of Massachusetts Amherst 40 Monash University 39 Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
41= New York University 39 University of South Florida 41 Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität 40= Monash University
41= University of Illinois at Urbana-Cham- 40= Ecole Hôtelière de Genève München 40= RMIT University
paign 40= Sejong University 42 University of British Columbia 40= University of Tsukuba
44= University of Chicago 42 Kyung Hee University 43 The University of Queensland 43= Drexel University
44= University of Texas at Austin 43 SAIT Polytechnic - School of Hospitality 44 Universidad de Buenos Aires 43= Erasmus University Rotterdam
44= University of Twente and Tourism 45 Universidad de los Andes 45= Cornell University
47= Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile 44= EHL Swiss School of Tourism and Hosp. 46= Universidade de São Paulo 45= University College Dublin
47= The Chinese University of Hong Kong 44= University of Calgary 46= University of Virginia 47= McMaster University
49 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de 46 Washington State University 48 The Chinese University of Hong Kong 47= University of Wisconsin-Madison
México 47 Zhejiang University 49 Northwestern University 49 University of Porto
50 University of Nottingham 48 Sun Yat-sen University 50 Durham University 50= Nanjing University
49 Universitat Ramon Llull 50= University of California, San Francisco
50= Clemson University
50= NKUHT
186 187
Subject Rankings: Social Sciences & Management 2021
Politics & International Studies Social Policy & Administration
1 Harvard University 1 Harvard University

2 Sciences Po 2 University of Oxford
3 University of Oxford 3 The London School of Economics and
4 Princeton University Political Science
5 The London School of Economics and 4 National University of Singapore
Political Science 5 University of Cambridge
6 University of Cambridge 6 Stanford University
7 Stanford University 7 University of California, Berkeley
8 Yale University 8 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
9 The Australian National University 9 Johns Hopkins University
10= National University of Singapore 10 Columbia University
10= University of California, Berkeley 11 Seoul National University
12 Georgetown University 12= The Australian National University
13 Columbia University 12= The University of Tokyo
14= Massachusetts Institute of Technology 14 The University of Melbourne
14= New York University 15 The University of Edinburgh
16 University of California, San Diego 16= Syracuse University
17= King’s College London 16= University of Chicago
17= University of California, Los Angeles 18 University of California, Los Angeles
19 University of Chicago 19 Princeton University
20 Freie Universitaet Berlin 20 University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
21 SOAS University of London 21 Sciences Po
22 Leiden University 22 University of York
23 George Washington University 23 The University of Hong Kong
24 Cornell University 24 Peking University
25 Central European University 25 Indiana University Bloomington
26 University of Amsterdam 26 University of Amsterdam
27 University of Toronto 27 Georgetown University
28 University of Michigan-Ann Arbor 28= UCL
29= The University of Tokyo 28= University of Bristol
29= The University of Hong Kong 30 University of Southern California
31 Nanyang Technological University, Sin- 31 University of Toronto
gapore 32 KU Leuven
32 Johns Hopkins University 33 The University of Sydney
33= Tsinghua University 34= Leiden University
33= University of Copenhagen 34= Sungkyunkwan University
Join Us!
35 Fudan University 36 Utrecht University
36 McGill University 37 Freie Universitaet Berlin
37 ETH Zurich - Swiss Federal Institute of 38 Korea University
FUTURE REBALANCE:
Technology 39 City University of Hong Kong
38 Peking University 40 Stockholm University
39 Duke University 41 Fudan University
40
41
European University Institute
MGIMO University
42 The Chinese University of Hong Kong
43 University of British Columbia EMERGING TRENDS AND
WORKFORCE IN THE ASIA PACIFIC
42 UCL 44 Yonsei University
43 University of British Columbia 45 University of Birmingham
44 The University of Sydney 46 New York University
45 HSE University 47 Sun Yat-sen University
46=
46=
Seoul National University
The University of Melbourne
48 King’s College London
49 Tsinghua University
01 - 03 November 2021
48= Luiss University 50 ETH Zurich - Swiss Federal Institute of
48=
50
Essex, University of
Universidade de São Paulo
Technology www.qsapple.org
188 #QSAPPLE2021
Sociology Sports-related Subjects Statistics & Operational Research
1 Harvard University 1 Loughborough University 1 Massachusetts Institute of Technology

2 University of Oxford 2 The University of Queensland 2 Harvard University
3 The London School of Economics and 3 The University of Sydney 3 Stanford University
Political Science 4 University of British Columbia 4 ETH Zurich - Swiss Federal Institute of
4 University of California, Berkeley 5 University of Toronto Technology
5 Stanford University 6 Deakin University 5 University of Oxford
6 National University of Singapore 7= The University of Melbourne 6 University of Cambridge
7 University of Cambridge 7= University of Bath 7 University of California, Berkeley
8 University of California, Los Angeles 9 University of Alberta 8 National University of Singapore
9 University of Chicago 10 University of Florida 9 Georgia Institute of Technology
10 University of Wisconsin-Madison 11 University of Copenhagen 10 Imperial College London
11= Princeton University 12 University of Birmingham 11= Carnegie Mellon University
11= Yale University 13 The University of Exeter 11= Columbia University
13= The Australian National University 14 University of Otago 13 University of Toronto
13= University of Amsterdam 15= Liverpool John Moores University 14 Princeton University
15 Columbia University 15= Seoul National University 15 University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
16 New York University 17= Pennsylvania State University 16 Tsinghua University
17 University of Michigan-Ann Arbor 17= University of Michigan-Ann Arbor 17= Cornell University
18 University of Toronto 19 McMaster University 17= University of California, Los Angeles
19 The University of Melbourne 20 UCL 19 University of Pennsylvania
20 UCL 21= The Ohio State University 20 Université PSL
21 Peking University 21= The University of Edinburgh 21 The University of Warwick
22 Freie Universitaet Berlin 23 KU Leuven 22 University of Wisconsin-Madison
23 The University of Tokyo 24 Griffith University 23 University of Chicago
24= Cornell University 25 University of Calgary 24= KU Leuven
24= Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 26 University of Massachusetts Amherst 24= University of Washington
26 The University of Sydney 27 Auckland University of Technology 26 The London School of Economics and
27 The University of Manchester 28 The University of Western Australia Political Science
28= Duke University 29 University of Technology Sydney 27 The University of Tokyo
28= The University of Hong Kong 30 Edith Cowan University 28 UCL
30 Sciences Po 31 Western University 29 Eindhoven University of Technology
31 The University of Edinburgh 32 Nanyang Technological University, Sin- 30 Université de Montréal
32 University of British Columbia gapore 31= Erasmus University Rotterdam
33 Seoul National University 33 Victoria University 31= Peking University
34 University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 34 University College Dublin 33 University of Southampton
35= Universidad Nacional Autónoma de 35 The University of Manchester 34 Duke University
México 36 The University of Hong Kong 35 Northwestern University
35= University of Copenhagen 37= La Trobe University 36 The University of Melbourne
37= Stockholm University 37= The University of New South Wales 37 University of British Columbia
37= The Chinese University of Hong Kong 39 University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 38 Delft University of Technology
39= Goldsmiths, University of London 40 University of Ottawa 39 Seoul National University
39= King’s College London 41= National University of Singapore 40 Technical University of Munich
41 McGill University 41= Waseda University 41 Nanyang Technological University, Sin-
42 Utrecht University 43 The University of Auckland gapore
43 Massachusetts Institute of Technology 44 Texas A&M University 42 Yale University
44 Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences 45= McGill University 43 Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Sociales 45= University of Jyväskylä 44 Johns Hopkins University
45 Monash University 47 Ghent University 45 The University of Manchester
46= The University of Queensland 48 University of Southern California 46 Purdue University
46= University of Oslo 49 Australian Catholic University 47 The Hong Kong University of Science
48= Essex, University of 50 National Taiwan University and Technology
48= University of Texas at Austin 48 The University of Hong Kong
50 HSE University 49= RWTH Aachen University
49= Texas A&M University
192 193
MBA and Business Masters
Faraway Home 196
Global MBA 200

Masters in Business Analytics 206
Masters in Finance 207
Masters in Management 208
Masters in Marketing 209
Masters in Supply Chain Management 210
Entrepreneurship during COVID-19 212
Global MBA 2021 Global MBA 2021
Faraway Home
By Anton John Crace
As the world is currently discovering while it sits in

some form of lockdown, the online realm provides
the ability to travel almost anywhere virtually.
A high appetite for online education, which, according

to the ongoing QS International Student Survey (ISS),
continues to increase year-on-year, means there
is potential for universities to reach more students
unable to travel overseas.
“That recording MBA programs are a distinct example of how the

is not to watch online world could reach those with low capacity
if you missed a to travel. Typically attracting those aged in their
meeting. It’s for late 20s and onwards, with full-time work in middle
revision only to senior management positions, student profiles
within MBA courses present unique challenges for
in-person overseas experiences.
Many, for example, are unable to take time off from

work, while others have young families which can be
difficult to relocate.
While online could solve those problems, however,

the 2020 QS Online MBA Rankings, released in April,
reveal diverse international student ratios, ranging
from entirely international to entirely domestic.
According to educators, the reasons behind the
variances are just as diverse.
Creating Diversity
“The online MBA for us and, as I understand, for all

universities, is basically to reach that student body
anywhere in the world,” observes Izabela Karanfiloska,
Head of Master Programs at the SBS Swiss Business
School (SBS).
196 197
“That’s why we do tend to allocate more funds for marketing to international “If the recruitment is done well and we investigate
students.” that very carefully… [students] really see a value in
that.”
Marketing alone, however, is unlikely the driving factor behind why Karanfiloska’s
institution attracts a predominantly international cohort into its program. Marketing and cohort curation, however, are not
the only factors that influence the make up of
“The main reason why we have such a high international body I think it is that international students in an online MBA program.
the students that can come to onsite classes, they tend to choose that option,” The top 15 largest proportions of international
she says. students among the almost 50 universities within
the 2020 Online MBA Rankings are all within Europe,
Associate Dean Open Programs, Antonella Moretto, meanwhile, says Politecnico
enjoying close proximity to international students in
di Milano (MIP) School of Management is meticulous in its curation of diversity
a comparable time zone. “Students that
within its MBA programs.
can come to
Geography, coupled with mode of delivery appears
Ranked fifth and 137th in the MBA and 2021 World University Rankings (WUR), onsite classes,
to be one of the biggest determining factors for
respectively, Italian-based MIP has achieved a more or less even split between they tend to
international students, observes Ian Lafferty,
domestic and international students in its online MBA program. choose that
Director of Executive Programmes at the University
option.”
“We really believe that for an MBA program, one of the values is the diversity of Otago, located in Dunedin on the South Island of
that you have in the class in order to brainstorm, to bring different backgrounds, New Zealand.
to bring different points of view,” she says.
Otago delivers a synchronous program, requiring
Moretto tells QS diversity does not start and end with nationality, and her students to actively participate in class.
university actively enrolls those from diverse work and sector backgrounds, but
“That recording is not to watch if you missed a
adds having international students creates a different dimension to the learning
meeting. It’s for revision only,” Lafferty tells QS.
experience.
“The idea is that you will show up for the meeting.
“We really believe that the capability to work in a diverse team or to collaborate
Attendance is 92, 93 percent, even though a
with different cultures, with people in different time zones, is an additional soft
recording is there.”
skill that is fundamental in the current management approach,” she says.
Delivering a synchronous program, observes Lafferty,
“In the business world, that is something that you can learn much more if you try
also means ensuring a work-life balance in addition
this, if you live this rather than if you just listen to a class explaining to you the
to studies is an important consideration.
value and the importance of the elements.”
This was excerpted from an article that first appeared
Consequently, Moretto says, MIP’s marketing department pays close attention
in the 2021 World University Rankings Higher
not just to the proportion of international students overall, but the mix of
Education Report.
nationalities.
198 199
1 1= n Stanford Graduate School of Business US 94.5 52= 76 h University of Edinburgh Business School UK 64.2
2 1= i Penn (Wharton) US 92.6 52= 59 h Vlerick Business School BE 64.2
3 3= n MIT (Sloan) US 92.5 54 44 i INn Institute of Management Bangalore IN 64.1
4 5 h Harvard Business School US 92.1 55 60 h Georgia Tech (Scheller) US 63.8
5 7 h HEC Paris FR 92.0 56 49= i Georgetown (McDonough) US 63.3
6 3= i INSEAD FR 91.1 57 47 i St. Gallen CH 63.2
7 6 i London Business School UK 91.0 58 66 h WHU (Otto Beisheim) DE 62.9
8 11 h Columbia Business School US 90.6 59 71= h McGill (Desautels) CA 62.4
9 14 h IE Business School ES 89.8 60 51= i Emory (Goizueta) US 62.3
10 9 i UC Berkeley (Haas) US 89.5 61 73 h Shanghai Jiao Tong (Antai) CN 61.8
11= 8 i Chicago (Booth) US 89.0 62= 97 h EMLyon Business School FR 61.6
11= 12 h IESE Business School ES 89.0 62= 57 i North Carolina (Kenan-Flagler) US 61.6
13 17 h Esade Business School ES 88.0 64 58 i Florida (Warrington) US 61.4
14 10 i Northwestern (Kellogg) US 87.9 65 51= i Michigan State (Eli Broad) US 61.2
15 13 i UCLA (Anderson) US 87.8 66 78 h Queen's (Smith) CA 60.5
16 16 n Oxford (Said) UK 87.4 67 65 i Minnesota (Carlson) US 60.2
17= 15 i Cambridge (Judge) UK 86.0 68 67= i CUHK Business School HK 60.0
17= 18 h Yale School of Management US 86.0 69 75 h Western (Ivey) CA 59.5
19 22 h NYU (Stern) US 84.8 70 71= h Washington (Olin) US 59.4
20 19= i Michigan (Ross) US 84.4 71 61 i Washington (Foster) US 59.3
21 19= i Duke (Fuqua) US 84.1 72 67= i Texas A&M (Mays) US 59.2
22 19= i Imperial College Business School UK 83.7 73 89 h Monash Business School AU 59.1
23 23 n SDA Bocconi IT 81.6 74 94 h Rochester (Simon) US 58.9
24 26= h Copenhagen Business School DK 81.4 75= 90 h The Business School (formerly Cass) UK 58.6
25 24 i IMD CH 79.6 75= 62 i Vanderbilt (Owen) US 58.6
26 26= n Melbourne Business School AU 78.8 77 101-110 h Trinity College Dublin IE 58.4
27 30 h ESSEC Business School FR 77.3 78 101-110 h TIAS Business School NL 58.2
28 32 h National University of SG (NUS) SG 75.1 79= 151-200 h AUB (Suliman S. Olayan) LB 57.9
29 29 n Erasmus (RSM) NL 74.6 79= 51= i Cranfield School of Management UK 57.9
30= 43 h Nanyang NTU SG SG 72.5 79= 101-110 h IIM Calcutta IN 57.9
30= 28 i USC (Marshall) US 72.5 79= 67= i Rice (Jones) US 57.9
32 35 h Cornell (Johnson) US 72.3 83 80 i ESMT Berlin DE 57.8
33 31 i Boston (Questrom) US 71.9 84= 74 i Durham University Business School UK 57.6
34 34 n Warwick Business School UK 71.8 84= 91 h Grenoble Ecole de Management FR 57.6
35 25 i CEIBS CN 71.7 84= 84= n INCAE Business School CR 57.6
36 37 h Texas (McCombs) US 71.0 84= 131-140 h The American University in Cairo EG 57.6
37 39 h Carnegie Mellon (Tepper) US 69.5 88= 63 i Babson College (Olin) US 57.4
38 33 i INna (Kelley) US 69.2 88= 83 i York (Schulich) CA 57.4
39 38 i Mannheim Business School DE 69.0 90 70 i Penn State (Smeal) US 57.2
40 46 h EDHEC Business School FR 68.7 91 64 i Ohio State (Fisher) US 57.0
41 42 h UNSW (AGSM) AU 68.5 92 79 i UT Dallas (Naveen) US 56.6
42 41 i Frankfurt School of Finance & Management DE 67.9 93 98= h INn School of Business IN 56.5
43= 49= h HKUST HK 67.8 94 111-120 h UBC (Sauder) CA 56.3
43= 36 i University of Hong Kong HK 67.8 95 121-130 h MGSM Macquarie AU 56.2
45 54 h Toronto (Rotman) CA 67.3 96= 81 i Boston College (Caroll) US 56.1
46 55 h EGADE Business School MX 67.2 96= 111-120 h George Washington US 56.1
47 new ESCP Business School FR 67.0 98 82 i Pittsburgh (Katz) US 56.0
48 48 n Manchester (Alliance) UK 66.9 99 111-120 h UQ Business School AU 55.8
49 45 i Dartmouth (Tuck) US 65.7 100 77 i Wisconsin School of Business US 55.5
50 40 i IIM Ahmedabad IN 65.6 101-110 101-110 n Alberta School of Business CA -
51 56 h Virginia (Darden) US 64.7 101-110 new Asian Institute of Technology TH -
200 201
101-110 131-140 h Cape Town GSB ZA - 151-200 151-200 n Brigham Young (Marriott) US -
101-110 141-150 h IESEG School of Management FR - 151-200 141-150 i Brunel Business School UK -
101-110 100 i Lehigh University US - 151-200 121-130 i Case Western (Weatherhead) US -
101-110 95 i North Carolina State (Jenkins) US - 151-200 121-130 i City University of Hong Kong HK -
101-110 86 i Notre Dame (Mendoza) US - 151-200 151-200 n Connecticut (UCONN) US -
101-110 101-110 n Politecnico di Milano IT - 151-200 201+ h Dalhousie (Rowe) CA -
101-110 88 i Purdue (Krannert) US - 151-200 151-200 n Denver (Daniels) US -
101-110 131-140 h University of Western AU Business School AU - 151-200 111-120 i ESAN Graduate School of Business PR -
111-120 84= i Arizona State (Carey) US - 151-200 151-200 n ESIC Business & Marketing School ES -
111-120 131-140 h Athens University of Economics and Business GR - 151-200 201+ h Exeter Business School UK -
111-120 87 i Colorado State US - 151-200 111-120 i Florida International University US -
111-120 101-110 i Georgia (Terry) US - 151-200 151-200 n Glasgow (Adam Smith) UK -
111-120 111-120 n IPADE Business School MX - 151-200 new Graduate School of Business AlmaU KZ -
111-120 121-130 h Lancaster University Management School UK - 151-200 141-150 i Houston (Bauer) US -
111-120 111-120 n SMU (Cox) US - 151-200 141-150 i IAE Business School AR -
111-120 93 i The Lisbon MBA PT - 151-200 new INn Institute of Management Lucknow IN -
111-120 92 i UCD (Smurfit) IE - 151-200 new International University of MC MC -
111-120 new Zhejiang University CN - 151-200 151-200 n Kent Business School UK -
121-130 96 i American (Kogod) US - 151-200 new Kentucky (Gatton) US -
121-130 151-200 h Aston Business School UK - 151-200 151-200 n La Trobe Business School AU -
121-130 121-130 n Auburn (Harbert) US - 151-200 131-140 i Liverpool Management School UK -
121-130 151-200 h AUn National University AU - 151-200 151-200 n Loughborough School of Business and Economics UK -
121-130 111-120 i Concordia (John Molson) CA - 151-200 151-200 n LUISS University IT -
121-130 151-200 h Leeds University Business School UK - 151-200 201+ h McMaster (DeGroote) CA -
121-130 121-130 n Maryland (Smith) US - 151-200 151-200 n Newcastle University Business School UK -
121-130 101-110 i Rutgers Business School US - 151-200 151-200 n Oregon (Lundquist) US -
121-130 new Thammasat Business School TH - 151-200 151-200 n Otago Business School NZ -
121-130 151-200 h Toulouse Business School FR - 151-200 121-130 i Pepperdine (Graziadio) US -
131-140 111-120 i Birmingham Business School UK - 151-200 151-200 n Riverside (UCR) US -
131-140 151-200 h Colorado (Leeds) US - 151-200 151-200 n RMIT University School of Business and Law AU -
131-140 141-150 h EU Business School ES - 151-200 151-200 n S. P. Jain IMR IN -
131-140 101-110 i Fordham (Gabelli) US - 151-200 new Sasin School of Management TH -
131-140 151-200 h Howard University US - 151-200 new Shanghai University CN -
131-140 101-110 i Northeastern (D'Amore-McKim) US - 151-200 151-200 n Sheffield University Management School UK -
131-140 151-200 h Nottingham University Business School UK - 151-200 141-150 i South Carolina (Moore) US -
131-140 98= i UC Davis US - 151-200 131-140 i Sungkyunkwan University GSB KR -
131-140 111-120 i UC Irvine (Merage) US - 151-200 151-200 n Texas Christian (Neely) US -
131-140 131-140 n Universidad de Palermo AR - 151-200 new The University of Sussex Business School UK -
131-140 101-110 i University of Strathclyde Business School UK - 151-200 151-200 n UC San Diego (Rady) US -
141-150 121-130 i Baylor (Hankamer) US - 151-200 new Unisa Business School, University Of South AU, AU AU -
141-150 141-150 n EADA Business School ES - 151-200 151-200 n Waseda Business School JP -
141-150 131-140 i HEC Montreal CA - 151-200 151-200 n Willamette (Atkinson) US -
141-150 111-120 i HHL Leipzig Graduate School of Management DE - 151-200 151-200 n William & Mary (Mason) US -
141-150 121-130 i Miami (Herbert) US - 151-200 new Wits Business School ZA -
141-150 151-200 h Missouri (Trulaske) US - 151-200 151-200 n Wollongong (Sydney) AU -
141-150 151-200 h NUCB Business School JP - 151-200 151-200 n Yonsei School of Business KR -
141-150 131-140 i San Francisco (Masagung) US - 201+ 201+ n Alabama (Manderson) US -
141-150 new Uts Business School, University Of Technology Sydney, AU AU - 201+ 201+ n ALBA Graduate Business School GR -
151-200 141-150 i Arizona (Eller) US - 201+ 201+ n American University in Dubai AE -
151-200 151-200 n Audencia Business School FR - 201+ 201+ n Arkansas (Walton) US -
151-200 141-150 i Bath School of Management UK - 201+ new Bentley (McCallum) US -
151-200 151-200 n Brandeis International Business School US - 201+ new Brock (Goodman) CA -
202 203
Global MBA 2021
201+ 201+ n California State Long Beach US -
201+ 151-200 i CENTRUM Catolica Business School PR -
201+ 201+ n Chapman (Argyros) US -
201+ 151-200 i Cincinnati (Lindner) US -
201+ new Claremont (Drucker) US -
201+ 201+ n Clark University US -
201+ 201+ n Doshisha University JP -
201+ 151-200 i Drexel (LeBow) US -
151-200 131-140 i EAE Business School ES -
201+ new GBSB Global Business School ES -
201+ new Haskayne School of Business CA -
201+ 201+ n Hofstra (Zarb) US -
201+ 201+ n International University of JP JP -
201+ new Iowa State University (Ivy) US -
201+ new ISC Paris FR -
201+ new Kazan Federal University RU -
201+ 201+ n Kent State University US -
201+ 201+ n Manitoba (Asper) CA -
201+ new MGIMO School of Business and International Proficiency RU -
201+ 201+ n North Carolina, Greensboro (Bryan) US -
201+ 201+ n Oregon State US -
201+ new Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business MY -
201+ 151-200 i Porto Business School PT -
201+ 201+ n RIT (Saunders) US -
201+ 201+ n Ritsumeikan APU JP -
201+ 201+ n Sabanci University TR -
201+ 151-200 i Saint Mary's (Sobey) CA -
201+ 201+ n Saskatchewan (Edwards) CA -
201+ 201+ n Simon Fraser (Beedie) CA -
201+ 201+ n South Dakota (Beacom) US -
201+ 201+ n Stevens Institute of Technology US -
201+ 201+ n Suffolk (Sawyer) US -
201+ 201+ n Suleman Dawood School of Business PK -
201+ 201+ n Sun Yat-sen University CN -
201+ 151-200 i Syracuse (Whitman) US -
201+ 201+ n Telfer School of Management CA -
201+ 151-200 i Texas Tech (Rawls) US -
201+ 201+ n UMass Amherst (Isenberg) US -
201+ 151-200 i Universidad EAFIT CO -
201+ new Universidad Icesi CO -
201+ new Universitas Gadjah Mada ID -
201+ 201+ n University at Albany US -
201+ new University at Buffalo US -
201+ 151-200 i University of San Diego US -
201+ 201+ n University of South Florida US -
201+ new University of Tennessee - Knoxville US -
201+ 201+ n Utah (Eccles) US -
201+ 201+ n Victoria (Gustavson) CA -
201+ 201+ n Victoria University AU -
201+ 201+ n Wilfrid Laurier (Lazaridis) CA -
201+ 201+ n Worcester Polytechnic Institute (Foisie) US -
201+ 151-200 i Zagreb School of Economics and Management HR -
204
Business Masters 2021 Business Masters 2021
Masters in Business Analytics Masters in Finance
1 MIT (Sloan) 51+ Aston Business School 1 Oxford (Said) 54 Illinois (Gies)
2 UCLA (Anderson) 51+ Athens University of Economics and 2= London Business School 55= Grenoble Ecole de Management
3 ESSEC Business School Business 2= MIT (Sloan) 55= Ohio State (Fisher)
4 ESCP Business School 51+ Bentley (McCallum) 4 HEC Paris 57 Audencia Business School
5 Imperial College Business School 51+ Brandeis International Business School 5 Cambridge (Judge) 58 Shanghai Advanced Institute of Finance
6 Texas (McCombs) 51+ Brunel Business School 6 UC Berkeley (Haas) at SJTU
7 USC (Marshall) 51+ Cal Poly (Orfalea) 7= ESSEC Business School 59 Frankfurt School of Finance & Manag-
8 ESADE Business School 51+ Clark University 7= UCLA (Anderson) ment
9 Manchester (Alliance) 51+ Connecticut (UCONN) 9 London School of Economics 60 Minnesota (Carlson)
10 McGill (Desautels) 51+ EAE Business School 10 Bocconi University 61 Arizona (Eller)
11 Washington (Foster) 51+ ESIC Business and Marketing School 11 ESADE Business School 62 AUB (Suliman S. Olayan)
12 Warwick Business School 51+ Florida International University 12 Imperial College Business School 63 Wisconsin School of Business
13 Purdue (Krannert) 51+ Fordham (Gabelli) 13 IE Business School 64 Vanderbilt (Owen)
14 University of Edinburgh Business School 51+ Georgia State (Robinson) 14 Copenhagen Business School 65= George Washington
15 Melbourne Business School 51+ HEC Montreal 15 ESCP Business School 65= The Business School (formerly Cass)
16 NUS Business School 51+ Higher School of Economics 16 EMLyon Business School 67 Miami Herbert Business School
17 Toronto (Rotman) 51+ IESEG School of Management 17 McGill (Desautels) 68 Politecnico di Milano
18 Wisconsin School of Business 51+ IIM Calcutta 18 WU Vienna University 69 Purdue (Krannert)
19 Minnesota (Carlson) 51+ Kent Business School 19 University of St Gallen 70 NEOMA Business School
20 Michigan State (Eli Broad) 51+ Kent State University 20 Toronto (Rotman) 71= Babson (Olin)
21 UC San Diego (Rady) 51+ La Trobe Business School 21 Warwick Business School 71= Boston College (Caroll)
22 SMU - School of Information Systems 51+ Leeds University Business School 22 EDHEC Business School 71= University of Technology Sydney Busi-
23 UCD (Smurfit) 51+ Liverpool Management School 23 WHU (Otto Beisheim) ness School
24 BI Norwegian Business School 51+ Loughborough University 24 Manchester (Alliance) 74 CENTRUM Catolica Business School
25 Maryland (Smith) 51+ Luiss Business School 25 Erasmus (RSM) 75 HEC Montréal
26 EMLyon Business School 51+ Manchester Metropolitan University 26 University of Edinburgh Business School 76 Durham University Business School
27 Arizona State (Carey) Business School 27 SKEMA Business School 77= Birmingham Business School
28 Notre Dame (Mendoza) 51+ NUI Galway 28 Texas (McCombs) 77= KEDGE Business School
29 EDHEC Business School 51+ Oklahoma (Price) 29 USC (Marshall) 79 Bath School of Management
30 Emory (Goizueta) 51+ Rennes School of Business 30 Florida (Warrington) 80 SMU (Cox)
31 George Washington 51+ RIT (Saunders) 31 Antwerp Management School 81= Case Western (Weatherhead)
32 California (Davis) 51+ Sabanci University 32= HKUST 81= Sheffield University Management School
33 UBC (Sauder) 51+ Southampton Business School 32= MGSM Macquarie 83 EADA Business School
34 SKEMA Business School 51+ Stevens Institute of Technology 32= Trinity College Dublin 84 Nottingham University Business School
35 Colorado Boulder (Leeds) 51+ Strathclyde Business School 35 Solvay (Brussels) 85 Loyola University of Chicago (Quinlan)
36 UIC (Liautaud) 51+ Suffolk University 36 Boston (Questrom) 86 IESEG School of Management
37 Cincinnati (Lindner) 51+ Syracuse (Whitman) 37 UCD (Smurfit) 87 Loughborough
38 Case Western (Weatherhead) 51+ Tilburg University 38 Vlerick Business School 88 Arizona State (Carey)
39= Arizona (Eller) 51+ Toulouse Business School 39 Georgetown (McDonough) 89= Florida International
39= Nottingham University Business School 51+ UMass Boston 40 Cranfield School of Management 89= Higher School of Economics
41= American (Kogod) 51+ University of Bath, School of Manage- 41 Maryland (Smith) 91 UT Dallas (Naveen)
41= SMU (Cox) ment 42 CUHK Business School 92 Rensselaer Polytechnic (Lally)
43= Olayan School of Business 51+ University of Porto 43 EGADE Business School 93= American (Kogod)
43= University of Miami 51+ University of South Florida 44 BI Norwegian Business School 93= The University of Sussex Business
45 Politecnico di Milano 51+ University of Texas at Arlington 45 Georgia Tech (Scheller) School
46 Washington (Olin) 51+ Utah (Eccles) 46 UQ Business School 95= Católica Lisbon School of Business and
47 Lancaster University Management 51+ Wake Forest 47= Koç University Graduate School of Busi- Economics
School 51+ William & Mary (Mason) ness 95= Glasgow (Adam Smith)
48 Rochester (Simon) 51+ Worcester Polytechnic Institute 47= Nova School of Business 97 DCU Business School
49 UT Dallas (Naveen) 51+ Zarb School of Business 49 Lancaster University Management 98 Strathclyde Business School
50 Rensselaer Polytechnic (Lally) School 99= Athens University of Economics and
50 Colorado Boulder (Leeds) Business
51 Texas A&M (Mays) 99= Exeter Business School
52 Washington (Olin) 99= Fordham (Gabelli)
53 Lund University
206 207
Masters in Management Masters in Marketing
1 HEC Paris 53 Thunderbird School of Global Manage- 1 HEC Paris 51+ Alabama (Manderson)
2 London Business School ment at ASU 2 Columbia University 51+ Alba Graduate Business School
3 ESSEC Business School 54 Durham University Business School 3 Imperial College Business School 51+ Athens University of Economics and
4 Esade Business School 55 Lancaster University 4 Esade Business School Business
5 Copenhagen Business School 56 Université Paris Dauphine 5 ESCP Business School 51+ Bentley University
6 IE Business School 57 Koç University Graduate School of Busi- 6 Warwick Business School 51+ Brunel Business School
7 ESCP Business School ness 7 EDHEC Business School 51+ Católica Lisbon School of Business and
8 Imperial College Business School 58 Notre Dame (Mendoza) 8 EMLyon Business School Economics
9 Bocconi University 59 Bath School of Management 9 Manchester (Alliance) 51+ CENTRUM Catolica Business School
10= EMlyon business school 60= CENTRUM Catolica Business School 10 WU Vienna University 51+ Cincinnati (Lindner)
10= WU Vienna 60= Wollongong (Sydney) 11 SKEMA Business School 51+ Concordia University
12 ESADE/UVA McIntire/Lingnan 62 Arizona State (Carey) 12 University of Edinburgh Business School 51+ DCU Business School
13 London School of Economics 63 Northeastern (D’AmoreMcKim) 13 Texas (McCombs) 51+ EAE Business School
14 EDHEC Business School 64 Birmingham University 14 USC (Marshall) 51+ ESAN
15 Michigan (Ross) 65= IQS/FJU/USF 15 Vlerick Business School 51+ EU Business School
16 CEMS 65= SMU (Cox) 16 Cranfield School of Management 51+ Fordham University
17 WHU (Otto Beisheim) 67 University of Strathclyde Business 17 Trinity Business School 51+ GBSB Global Business School
18 University of St.Gallen School 18 Grenoble Ecole de Management 51+ Georgia State (Robinson)
19 Warwick Business School 68= EADA Business School 19 MGSM Macquarie 51+ HEC Montreal
20 Duke (Fuqua) 68= The University of Sussex Business 20 Audencia Business School 51+ Higher School of Economics
21 TUM School of Management School 21 Lancaster University 51+ Hofstra (Zarb)
22 Erasmus (RSM) 68= Wits Business School 22 UCD (Smurfit) 51+ ICN Business School
23 SKEMA Business School 71 Florida (Hough) 23 Erasmus (RSM) 51+ IFIM Business School
24 Manchester (Alliance) 72= ESIC Business & Marketing School 24= BI Norwegian Business School 51+ IQS
25 University of Mannheim, Business School 72= IESEG School of Management 24= Michigan State (Broad) 51+ Kent Business School
26 Cranfield School of Management 74= The Business School (formerly Cass) 26= IESEG School of Management 51+ Loughborough University
27 BI Norwegian Business School 74= Tilburg University 26= Purdue (Krannert) 51+ Loyola University-Chicago
28 University of Sydney Business School 76 HEC Montréal 28 Durham University Business School 51+ Manchester Metropolitan University
29 Vlerick Business School 77 Lehigh University 29 Texas A&M (Mays) 51+ Montpellier Business School
30 Antwerp Management School 78 Michigan State (Eli Broad) 30 KEDGE Business School 51+ Rennes School of Business
31 IIM Ahmedabad 79= Leeds University 31 Bath School of Management 51+ Rochester (Simon)
32 Trinity College Dublin 79= Toulouse Business School 32 John Hopkins (Carey) 51+ Southampton Business School
33 UCD (Smurfit) 81= HHL Leipzig Graduate School of Man- 33 Birmingham Business School 51+ Suffolk (Sawyer)
34 University of Edinburgh Business School agement 34 Maryland (Smith) 51+ Tampa (Sykes)
35 IIM Bangalore 81= University of Technology Sydney Busi- 35 Arizona (Eller) 51+ Texas at Arlington
36 Politecnico di Milano ness School 36 Lund University 51+ Texas at Dallas (Naveen Jindal)
37 Shanghai Jiao Tong (Antai) 83= Católica Lisbon School of Business and 37 Florida International 51+ Thammasat Business School
38 Aalto University Economics 38 Politecnico di Milano 51+ Tilburg University
39 Grenoble Ecole de Management 83= EM Normandie 39 Aston Business School 51+ Toulouse (TBS)
40 EGADE Business School 85 Nottingham University Business School 40 American (Kogod) 51+ Universidad EAFIT
41 KEDGE Business School 86 George Washington 41 Strathclyde Business School 51+ University of Porto
42 Nova School of Business 87 Fordham (Gabelli) 42 Sheffield University Management School 51+ University of South Florida
43 British Columbia (Sauder) 88 Newcastle University Business School 43 Vanderbilt (Owen) 51+ University of Technology Sydney Busi-
44 Boston (Questrom) 89= Aston Business School 44 University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC) ness School
45 Solvay (Brussels) 89= Concordia (John Molson) 45 The University of Sussex Business 51+ Vilnius University
46 Western (Ivey) 91 University of Porto School 51+ Worcester Polytechnic Institute
47 HKUST 92 Sheffield University Management School 46 Pittsburgh (Katz)
48 Frankfurt School of Finance & Manage- 93 Higher School of Economics 47 Nottingham University Business School
ment 94 UT Dallas (Naveen) 48= ESIC Business & Marketing School
49 MGSM Macquarie 95 ICN Business School 48= Glasgow (Adam Smith)
50 Audencia Business School 96 Henley Business School 50 Newcastle University Business School
51 IIM Calcutta 97= Southampton Business School
52 NEOMA Business School 97= Wake Forest University
99 Montpellier Business School
100 Georgia State (Robinson)
208 209
Business Masters 2021
Masters in Supply Chain Management
1 MITs Center for Transportation &

Logisitics
2 Michigan (Ross)
3 WU Vienna University of Economics
and Business
4 Erasmus (RSM) NIRF RANKING 2020
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5 Manchester (Alliance)
6 USC (Marshall)
7 Politecnico di Milano
8 Purdue (Krannert)
Ranked Among India’s
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Top 50 Universities for
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11 Cranfield School of Management
12 SKEMA Business School
13 The Hong Kong University of Science
and Technology
14 Antwerp Management School
15 Audencia Business School
16 Minnesota (Carlson)
SAEEE - 2021 ALL INDIA ENTRANCE EXAMINATION

17 Northeastern (D’AmoreMcKim)
18 HEC Montreal
19 Arizona State (Carey) IN ONLINE MODE
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24 Maryland (Smith) TOLL FREE NUMBER: 1800 425 1770
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Uts Business School, University Of
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28 UT Dallas (Naveen) Aeronautical | Automobile | Biomedical | Biotechnology | Chemical | Civil | Computer Science |
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31 Excelia, La Rochelle Business School
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32 The University of Sussex Business
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33 Sheffield University Management School
34 Higher School of Economics
35 EAE Business School ADMIRABLE ACADEMIC AMBIENCE
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ScienceandTechnology
Administrative Office : 044 - 2450 2436 / 044 - 2450 0600

210 Jeppiaar Nagar , Rajiv Gandhi Salai , Chennai - 600 119 , Tamilnadu , India
Entrepreneurship during COVID-19

By Niamh Ollerton
Jobs, careers, and employment have changed beyond

recognition during the madness of 2020. Social
distancing and lockdowns across the globe gave time
to think, to plan, and for many entrepreneurs – a time
to kickstart the next chapter of their careers.
Surprisingly, a number of new business ventures

and innovative start-ups were launched during
the coronavirus pandemic, making 2020 a year for
growth in some ways. Likewise, many providers have
begun creating their own programs to encourage
“Entrepreneurship innovation.
tends to be a
team-based Business schools making their mark
sport.”
In reaction to the COVID-19 pandemic, Stanford
Graduate School of Business launched Stanford
Rebuild – a collaboration across Stanford University
to Engage Innovators, Encourage Action, and Offer
Our Expertise by means of approaching and tackling
the global pandemic head on
“We could not be more inspired by the individuals

and teams who have joined this program, sought the
opportunity to make an impact, and committed what
time they could spare to tackle a COVID challenge in
their own community or the broader world,” says the
Stanford team.
Over eight weeks, participants attended virtual

events, actively participating in live office hours while
working on the Stanford Embark platform.
More than 5,300 teams from across the globe

entered the Stanford Rebuild program with 11 making
it to the final showcase in September.
212 213
Stanford Rebuild was capped off with a full day of inspiring and engaging events Stefanos Zenios, faculty director for Rebuild and
to recap the spirit, highlighting the final selection of Rebuild projects, and gave also co-director of Stanford GSB’s Center for
participants actionable steps to continue with their Rebuild project or another Entrepreneurial Studies, says while many may
entrepreneurial endeavor if they were so inclined consider the program as a business plan competition,
he sees it more as creating a virtual infrastructure to
The 11 teams who made the showcase were: help entrepreneurs from across the globe.
• Nightingale (US) — A marketplace and telemedicine app that aims to “I think business plan competitions are valuable
connect nurses to caregivers to close the home healthcare gap. in their own right They don’t tend to include an
• HireHuman (US) — A hiring platform helping recruiters hire smarter & educational component,” he says.
faster by replacing the traditional resume & cover letter with a short video
application. “Our intention wasn’t to select winners, but rather to
• Distance Voting (US) — curbside voting for all citizens to ensure safety develop entrepreneurs.”
during COVID-19 and to increase voter turnout and civic engagement. “We could
• Hive Health (US) — The first value-based healthcare insurer in the Philippines While it’s a different world today following not only not be more
that improves & simplifies care through a patient- centric, transparent the coronavirus pandemic, but the gradual boom of inspired by the
digital platform. tech and its capabilities over the past few years, it’s individuals and
• Celsius (US) — Celsius gives businesses the insights they need to bring their also an exciting time for entrepreneurs to use their teams who
employees and customers back much faster. skillset to create something new. have joined this
• Maria (Brazil) — A Web platform that uses technology to help people to “Entrepreneurship tends to be a team-based sport,” program”
renegotiate their debts, with much better deals. Zenios says.
• empowerfull (Albania) — Empowerfull is an economic empowerment model
for survivors of human trafficking. “In many ways, this period is made for entrepreneurs
• CJBS SG - Footprint (Singapore) — An online platform that promotes to make a difference.”
flexible leasing arrangements for landlords, developers, and agents to
list retail properties as and when they are available, for businesses to find For budding entrepreneurs, Zenios advises they keep
suitable properties according to their specific needs, and at the same time learning and keep growing.
also providing a co-sharing option for retail spaces.
“I think entrepreneurs should embrace that with all its
• Escape Homework (US) — We create AR empowered educational escape
ups and downs. Keep up the fight.”
rooms for students and teachers to collaborate creatively while building
meaningful relationships. The full article on which this excerpt is based first
• Compass (US) — An end-to-end SMS triaging platform designed to appeared in the 2021 Global MBA and Business
increase accessibility to equitable COVID-19 testing. Masters Rankings Higher Education Report.
• Deva (US) — A web and mobile app that helps you manage your time, tasks,
and mental wellbeing through an integrated platform.
214 215
QS Stars University Ratings
QS Stars
Chang Jung Christian

University Argentina
Committed to the goal of being “Locally Diversified and Inclusive Campus Universidad Nacional del Litoral
Engaged, Globally Connected, A Leading
• Nearly 400 international students
University with Social Responsibility,” University of Palermo Business School
from 21 countries
CJCU actively pursues advanced
• Scholarships and bursaries for
innovation and continuous improvement
students totaled over NT$32 millions
for high-quality education.
• Disabled Access includes supports
Student Success services for mental health conditions, Australia
wheelchair ramps, disabled toilets
• Graduate employment rate reaches
and parking access, and dedicated
96% in 2020 Australian Catholic University (ACU)
academic support for students with
• Comprehensively career service
learning disabilities
support-38 career advisors,
Bond University
career interview trainings, career Religious Facility-Prayer room, Chapel
development activities and
workshops equipped students • Innovative Industry-academia La Trobe University
with soft skills to increase their collaboration
opportunities in job market • Kadokawa International
RMIT University
Edutainment-developing Vtuber and
Academic Excellence cultivating talents for the animation
industry University of South Australia (UNISA)
• Ranked 401-450 in the QS Asia
• Orchid Flouriculturing Inc.-promoting
University Rankings
vanilla planifolia cultivation and University of South Australia Business School
• NT$130 million grants subsided
application
by Taiwan’s Ministry of Education
to implement teaching quality University of Southern Queensland (USQ)
assurance and innovative approaches
to enhance teaching quality University of Technology, Sydney (UTS)
• Global connection and social
responsibility realisation-Yunus
Social Business Center, International University of Wollongong
Jane Goodall’s Roots & Shoots Eco-
Center UTS Business School
• On-trend academic major- Green
Energy and Environmental
Western Sydney University
Resources, Applied Unmanned Aerial
Vehicle Technology, Sustainable
Development Employability
“
“
Facilities
Locally Engaged, Globally Connected, Inclusiveness

A Leading University with Social
Responsibility Overall
219
QS Stars QS Stars
Bahrain Zhejiang University School of Management
Ahlia University
Applied Science University of Bahrain Colombia

Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios
(UNIMINUTO)
Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina
Bolivia
(AREANDINA)
Universidad Católica Boliviana Universidad Católica de Colombia
Universidad de Los Andes Colombia
Canada Universidad de Medellín
University of the Fraser Valley (UFV) Universidad de Santander (UDES)
Western University Universidad del Magdalena
Universidad Externado de Colombia
Chile Universidad Industrial de Santander (UIS)
Universidad de Las Américas Chile (UDLA) Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL)
Universidad Santo Tomás (Colombia)
China
National Taipei University of Nursing and Health
Sciences Cyprus
Northwestern Polytechnical University European University Cyprus (EUC)

School of Management, University of Science and
University of Nicosia (UNIC)
Technology of China
University of Macau
220 221
QS Stars QS Stars
Ecuador Hungary
Universidad Espiritu Santo (UEES) Szechenyi Istvan University
Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja (UTPL) India

Universidad UTE (prev. Universidad Tecnológica
JIS College of Engineering (JISCE)
Equinoccial)
Karunya Institute of Technology and Services –
Deemed to be University
Manav Rachna International Institute Of Research
Egypt
And Studies (MRIIRS)
Ain Shams University Narula Institute of Technology (NIT)
Future University in Egypt University of Petroleum and Energy Studies

(UPES)
Misr University for Science & Technology
Indonesia
France Atma Jaya Catholic University Jakarta
EURECOM State Islamic University (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah

Jakarta
European International University (EIU Paris) Telkom University (Tel-U)
Universitas Amikom Yogyakarta
Hong Kong Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
City University of Hong Kong Universitas Nasional
Lingnan University, Hong Kong Universitas Negeri Semarang
Universitas Sebelas Maret
Universitas Sumatera Utara
222 223
QS Stars
Indonesia continued
Universitas Tarumanagara (UNTAR)
Universitas Trisakti
Iraq
Al-Mustaqbal University College
Tikrit University
Ireland
National College of Ireland (NCI)
Japan
Ritsumeikan University
Jordan
Al-Ahliyya Amman University
Applied Science Private University
Middle East University (MEU)
Tafila Technical University
University of Jordan
University of Petra
224
QS Stars QS Stars
Jordan continued UNITAR International University
Princess Sumaya University for Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Kazakhstan Universiti Malaya (UM)
Karaganda State Medical University (KGMU) Universiti Malaysia Pahang
Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP)
Kuwait Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia
American University of the Middle East University of Cyberjaya
Latvia Mexico
Riga Technical University Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN)

Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico
(UAEMex)
Malaysia Universidad de las Americas Puebla (UDLAP)
HELP University Universidad del Valle de México (UVM)
Infrastructure University Kuala Lumpur Universidad Tecmilenio
International Medical University (IMU) Universidad Tecnológica de México (UNITEC)
INTI International University (INTI)

Malaysia University of Science and Technology
(MUST)
New Zealand
Sunway University Auckland University of Technology (AUT)
Taylor's University Massey University
226 227
QS Stars
Jeonju
South Korea
New Zealand continued
Platform for
University of Canterbury
University of Otago
Victoria University of Wellington

Empathy and Innovation
Renewable
Energy
Northern Cyprus/Turkey
European University of Lefke (EUL)

Carbon
Nano-Materials Semi-
Conductor
Artificial
Intelligence
Eco-friendly
Oman Vehicles
Smart
Dhofar University Farms
Hydrogen
Energy
Big Data
Peru
Universidad Científica del Sur (UCSUR)
Universidad de Lima
Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC)
Universidad Privada del Norte (UPN)
228
QS Stars QS Stars
Kazan National Research Technical University

Philippines
(KNRTU-KAI)
Batangas State University National Research University, Moscow Power Engi-
neering Institute (MPEI)
Benguet State University Plekhanov Russian University of Economics
(PRUE)
Cagayan State University RUDN University
Cebu Technological University Samara National Research University
Central Luzon State University St Petersburg State University of Architecture and

Civil Engineering (SPbGASU)
Malayan Colleges Laguna Tomsk State University of Control Systems and
Radioelectronics (TUSUR)
Mapua University
Mariano Marcos State University

Saudi Arabia
Mindanao State University - Iligan Institute of
Technology King Khalid University (KKU)
Visayas State University King Saud University
West Visayas State University Princess Sumaya University for Technology
North-West University
Romania
Babes-Bolyai University Spain

Technical University Cluj-Napoca EAE Business School
ESADE Business School
Russia GBSB Global Business School
Kazan Federal University
230 231
QS Stars
Spain continued
OBS Business School
Universidad Camilo José Cela (UCJC)

Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia
(UCAM)
Universidad Europea
Switzerland
EU Business School C
United International Business Schools Y
CM
MY
CY
CMY
Taiwan K
Chang Jung Christian University

National Kaohsiung University of Science and
Technology
Yuan Ze University
Thailand
Silpakorn University
232
QS Stars QS Stars
Turkey London South Bank University (LSBU)
Istanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Loughborough University
Newcastle University
UAE Northumbria University
Ajman University Nottingham Trent University
Al Ain University Sheffield Hallam University
American University in the Emirates Solent University
American University of Ras Al Khaimah (AURAK) University of Bristol
Emirates Aviation University University of Chichester
Gulf Medical University (GMU) University of Glasgow

Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and
University of Huddersfield
Science Health
Skyline University College University of Lincoln
United Arab Emirates University (UAEU) University of Portsmouth
Zayed University University of Stirling
University of Sunderland
United Kingdom University of Surrey
Bournemouth University University of Wolverhampton
Coventry University
Edinburgh Napier University
234 235
QS Stars
United States
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(Missouri S&T)
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Vietnam
Ba Ria-Vung Tau University
FPT University
Nguyen Tat Thanh University (NTTU)
VinUniversity
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2021 QS YEARBOOK
The 2021 QS Yearbook brings together QS’ Rankings from throughout the 2021
cycle. From the World University Rankings in June 2020 to the Subject Rankings
in March 2021 and beyond, this almanac is a quick reference guide for all those
interested in the state of education. Over time, it also serves as a volume to look
back upon, to understand Rankings changes over the years and decades.
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For the first time, the Yearbook also includes articles and editorials detailing
the thoughts and ideas of experts and education stakeholders at the time
of the Rankings’ publication. Topics including country and global trends, new
developments in teaching, learning, and research published in the Higher
Education Reports and QS Global Education News, as well the views of those at
QS’ Conferences, provide colour and context behind the data.
In the 17 years since they were first published, the QS World University Rankings
have become one of the most consistent and authoritative sources of learning
about the state of higher education worldwide. In the intervening years, QS has
added subject, regional, employability rankings and more – all of which can be
found in this volume.
This book, together with its partner websites topuniversities.com, TopMBA.com,

QS.com and QS-GEN.com, is a unique resource for institutions, policy makers
and employers interested in understanding the global status and evolution of
universities everywhere.
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YEARBOOK 2021

QS World University Rankings 2021 Yearbook

Copyright © QS Quacquarelli Symonds Limited 2021

The entire content of this publication is protected by international copyright. No part of

For permission, please write to Monica Hornung Cattan [email protected]

Thanks also to Martin Ince, and John O’Leary.

Cover design: David Myers

Notes on data and tables

Foreword 9 Life Sciences & Medicine 156

Subject Rankings 135

Welcome to the QS 2021 Yearbook.

In the first edition, we sought to make the Yearbook an almanac of all QS

The swiftness of change in 2020 caught almost

Not only were educators and students required to

While a time of reflection, it was also, for some, a new

For Irina Bokova, former Director-General of

“I think now with COVID-19, we are bound to make

At the heart of this push, Bokova says, is a

Looking forward, she believes education will be a

“I don’t think we should be immediately reaching for

“We have a lot of opportunity coming out of this

Rather than overhauling the campus, Toms says

In doing so, however, Toms challenges all stakeholders

“Can we get more personal for the students and can

The full version of this abridged article first appeared

2021 2020 Institution Name Overall

2021 2020 Institution Name Overall

Student Recruitment Events Go Virtual

Prior to the coronavirus sweeping through every

Face-to-face interactions offered prospective

For QS Connect events, students arrived for pre-

As higher education remains a major and oftentimes

In 2020, QS virtual fairs gained an average of 650

The QS team also held 201 Connect events in 2020,

“I think this was one of the best graduate fairs I’ve

This excerpt first appeared the full in the 2021 Subject

2021 2020 Institution Name Overall

2021 2020 Institution Name Overall

Northern Border University

Taken from the annual survey conducted by QS designed to evaluate the

The uniqueness that was 2020 is difficult to unpack,

Wildfires, elections, and unrest; moments that by

“The element The uniqueness of 2020, however, created for many

The shape of things to come

“What we’ve learnt is that over the last 20 years we

“We only have to look at the way we do our banking

“They’ve all changed forever, but I would submit, as

06 - 10 December 2021 Latin America 96

It’s an exciting time for Japanese higher educators.

Japan’s new administration appears determined to

The plans couldn’t be more timely and the 2021 QS

Pluses and minuses

Where Japanese universities are succeeding is with

Research measures, however, provide a different

There have also been declines in the proportions

“The reputation of Japanese universities among academics and employers is