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Fundamentals of Database Systems: (Graph and Browser Databases)

The document discusses graph databases and browser databases. Graph databases use graph structures with nodes, edges, and properties to store and query relationships. Neo4j is an open-source native graph database. Browser databases store data locally in the browser to enable offline use, such as PouchDB which syncs with CouchDB, and IndexedDB which is asynchronous and transactional.

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40 views18 pages

Fundamentals of Database Systems: (Graph and Browser Databases)

The document discusses graph databases and browser databases. Graph databases use graph structures with nodes, edges, and properties to store and query relationships. Neo4j is an open-source native graph database. Browser databases store data locally in the browser to enable offline use, such as PouchDB which syncs with CouchDB, and IndexedDB which is asynchronous and transactional.

Uploaded by

thecoolguy96
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Outline Graph Databases Browser Databases

Fundamentals of Database Systems


[Graph and Browser Databases]

Malay Bhattacharyya

Assistant Professor

Machine Intelligence Unit


Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata
February, 2021
Outline Graph Databases Browser Databases

1 Graph Databases
Basics
Property Graph Model
Neo4j

2 Browser Databases
Basics
PouchDB
IndexedDB
Outline Graph Databases Browser Databases

Basics

Graph databases use graph structures for semantic queries with


nodes, edges, and properties to represent and store data.
Outline Graph Databases Browser Databases

Basics

Graph databases use graph structures for semantic queries with


nodes, edges, and properties to represent and store data.

Graph databases are part of the NoSQL databases created to


address the limitations of the existing relational databases.
Outline Graph Databases Browser Databases

Basics

Graph databases use graph structures for semantic queries with


nodes, edges, and properties to represent and store data.

Graph databases are part of the NoSQL databases created to


address the limitations of the existing relational databases.

Querying relationships within a graph database is fast because they


are perpetually stored within the database itself.
Outline Graph Databases Browser Databases

Property Graph Model

Property Graph Model is a key concept in Graph Databases. In


this model, data is organized as nodes, relationships, and
properties (data stored on the nodes or relationships).
Outline Graph Databases Browser Databases

Property Graph Model

Property Graph Model is a key concept in Graph Databases. In


this model, data is organized as nodes, relationships, and
properties (data stored on the nodes or relationships).

Nodes are the entities in the graph. They can hold any
number of attributes (key-value pairs) called properties. Nodes
can be tagged with labels, representing their different roles in
your domain. Node labels may also serve to attach metadata
(such as index or constraint information) to certain nodes.
Relationships provide directed, named,
semantically-relevant connections between a pair of node
entities. A relationship always has a direction, a type, a start
node, and an end node. Like nodes, relationships can also
have properties. In most cases, relationships have quantitative
properties (e.g., weights, costs, ratings, time intervals, etc.).
Outline Graph Databases Browser Databases

Property Graph Model – An example


Outline Graph Databases Browser Databases

Neo4j

Neo4j is an open-source, NoSQL based, native graph database that


provides an ACID-compliant transactional back-end for various
applications.

Neo4j efficiently implements the Property Graph Model down to


the physical level (i.e., the data is stored exactly as you connect it),
and the database uses pointers to navigate and traverse the graph.
Outline Graph Databases Browser Databases

Basics

Browser databases enable to persistently store data inside a user’s


browser.
Outline Graph Databases Browser Databases

Basics

Browser databases enable to persistently store data inside a user’s


browser.

Browser databases do not require persistent internet connectivity


to work and hence applications build upon such databases can
work both online and offline.
Outline Graph Databases Browser Databases

PouchDB

PouchDB is an open-source JavaScript database inspired by


Apache CouchDB that is designed to run well within the browser.
Outline Graph Databases Browser Databases

PouchDB

PouchDB is an open-source JavaScript database inspired by


Apache CouchDB that is designed to run well within the browser.

PouchDB was created to help web developers build applications


that work as well offline as they do online.
Outline Graph Databases Browser Databases

PouchDB

PouchDB is an open-source JavaScript database inspired by


Apache CouchDB that is designed to run well within the browser.

PouchDB was created to help web developers build applications


that work as well offline as they do online.

It enables applications to store data locally while offline, then


synchronize it with CouchDB and compatible servers when the
application is back online, keeping the user’s data in sync no
matter where they next login.
Outline Graph Databases Browser Databases

IndexedDB

Unlike server-side databases, IndexedDB is a client-side database


that stores data in the browser. Hence, the developers do not have
direct access to it. But when a new version of an application is
published, it is required to update the database.
Outline Graph Databases Browser Databases

IndexedDB

Unlike server-side databases, IndexedDB is a client-side database


that stores data in the browser. Hence, the developers do not have
direct access to it. But when a new version of an application is
published, it is required to update the database.

IndexedDB has a built-in mechanism of Schema Versioning, absent


in server-side databases.
Outline Graph Databases Browser Databases

IndexedDB

Unlike server-side databases, IndexedDB is a client-side database


that stores data in the browser. Hence, the developers do not have
direct access to it. But when a new version of an application is
published, it is required to update the database.

IndexedDB has a built-in mechanism of Schema Versioning, absent


in server-side databases.

Note: IndexedDB stores and retrieves objects that are indexed


with a “key”.
Outline Graph Databases Browser Databases

Characteristics of IndexedDB

IndexedDB databases store key-value pairs.


IndexedDB is built on a transactional database model.
The IndexedDB API is mostly asynchronous.
IndexedDB uses a lot of requests.
IndexedDB uses DOM events to notify you when results are
available.
IndexedDB is object-oriented.
IndexedDB does not use Structured Query Language (SQL).
IndexedDB adheres to a same-origin policy.

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