University of Cebu – Review Properties of Fluids, Principles of Hydrostatics

and Total Hydrostatic Forces

Situation 1 – A reservoir of glycerin has a mass of 1200 kg and a volume 19. A small circular jet of mercury 200μm in diameter issues from an
of 0.952 m3. opening. What is the pressure difference between the inside and
1. Find the glycerin’s weight in kN. outside of the jet? σ = 0.514 N/m
A. 11.77 B. 10.15 C. 10.06 D. 12.65 A. 5410 kPa B. 0.514 Pa C. 5.14 kPa D. 54.1 Pa
2. Find the mass density in kg/m3.
A. 1145 B. 1261 C. 1279 D. 1375 Situation 3 – The elasticity and dimension of the pipe are such that
3. Find the specific weight in kN/m3. celerity of the pressure wave is 970 m/s. Suppose the pipe has a the
A. 11.75 B. 12.45 C. 11.36 D. 12.37 length of 1600 m and a diameter of 1.2 m and an initially flow of 0.85
4. Find the specific gravity of glycerin. m3/s.
A. 1.10 B. 1.26 C. 1.96 D. 2.85 20. Find the water hammer pressure for instantaneous valve closure.
A. 852.63 B. 423.56 C. 152.74 D. 727.5
5. A body requires a force of 100 N to accelerate it at a rate of 0.20 m/s2. 21. How much time should be allowed for closing a valve to avoid water
Determine the mass of the body in kilograms. hammer?
A. 200 B. 500 C. 300 D. 1000 A. 3.3 sec B. 2.2 C. 6.3 D. 0.23
22. Find the appropriate water hammer pressure of the valve if is closed
Situation 2 – a reservoir of carbon tetrachloride has a mass of 500 kg and in 4 seconds.
volume of 0.315 m3. A. 600.19 B. 562.3 C. 749.85 D. 983.41
6. Find the weight of carbon tetrachloride in kN.
A. 5.71 B. 7.45 C. 4.91 D. 8.56 Situation 4 – Water from a reservoir flowing through a non-rigid 600 mm
7. Find the mass density in kg/m3. diameter pipe with a velocity of 2.5 m/s is completely stopped by a
A. 1593 B. 1654 C. 1423 D. 1587 closure of a valve situated 1050 m from the reservoir. Assume that
8. Find the specific weight in kN/m3. the pressure increases at that there is no damping of the pressure
A. 16.56 B. 15.57 C. 19.42 D. 11.23 wave. The pipe has a thickness of 18 mm. Bulk modulus of water is
9. Find the specific gravity. 2060 MPa and the modulus of elasticity of steel is 200 GPa.
A. 1.59 B. 1.26 C. 1.026 D. 1.43 23. Compute the velocity of sound in water in m/s.
A. 1238.4 B. 1523.6 C. 2001.4 D. 1054.8
10. The volume of a rock is found to be 0.00015 m3. If the rock’s specific 24. Determine the maximum rise of pressure in kPa aboe the
gravity is 2.6, what is its weight? corresponding to uniform flow when the valve closure takes place in
A. 3.83 B. 4.56 C. 4.79 D. 5.96 1 sec.
A. 3059.9 B. 3095.9 C. 3590.9 D. 3950.9
11. A liquid compressed in a cylinder has a volume of 1000 cm3 at a 1 25. Determine the maximum rise of pressure when the valve closure
MN/m2 and a volume of 995 cm3 at 2 MN/m2. What is its bulk takes place in 5 sec.
modulus of elasticity (k)? A. 1050 B. 740 C. 950 D. 1403
A. 200 MPa B. 250 MPa C. 190 MPa D. 150 MPa
26. Find the atmospheric pressure in kPa if a mercury barometer reads
12. If k = 2.2 GPa is the bulk modulus of elasticity for water, what 742 mm.
pressure is required to reduce a volume by 0.6%. A. 98.8 B. 14.5 C. 10.2 D. 101.32
A. 12. 3MPa B. 13.2 MPa C. 11.4 MPa D. 14.1 MPa
27. A pressure gage 7.0 m above the bottom of a tank containing a liquid
13. A rigid steel container is partially filled with a liquid at 15 atm. The reads 94.94 kPa; another gage at height 4 m reads 87.53 kPa.
volume of the liquid is 1.232 L. At a pressure of 30 atm, the volume of Compute the mass density of the fluid in kg/m3.
the liquid is 1.231 L. What is the coefficient of compressibility (β) in A. 786 B. 842 C. 964 D. 783
GPa-1?
A. 0.534 B. 0.543 C. 0.523 D. 0.561 28. An open tank contains 5.7 m of water covered with 2.8 m of kerosene
(unit weight = 8 kN/m3). Find the pressure (kPa) at the interface of
14. Calculate the density of water vapor (kg/m3) at 350 kPa abs and 20°C the tank.
if its gas constant is 0.462 kPa-m3/kg-K. A. 62.13 B. 4.74 C. 22.4 D. 78.2
A. 2.59 B. 4.23 C. 1.42 D. 7.13
29. An open tank contains 9.4 ft of water beneath 1.8 ft of oil (SG = 0.85).
15. Air is kept at a pressure of 200 kPa and a temperature of 30°C in a Find the pressure (psi) at the bottom of the tank.
500-L container. What is the mass of the air in kg? A. 4.74 B. 0.663 C. 8.23 D. 1.02
A. 1.15 B. 0.45 C. 1.75 D. 1.29
30. If the absolute pressure in gas is 40 psia and the atmospheric
16. If the viscosity of water at 68°F is 0.01008 poise and the specific pressure is 846 mbar abs, Find the gage pressure in bar.
gravity is 0.998, compute its kinematic viscosity in square feet per A. 1.913 B. 2.745 C. 2.145 D. 1.546
seconds.
A. 1.9x10-4 B. 0.71x10-5 C. 1.15x10-3 D. 1.09x10-5 31. If the atmospheric pressure is 0.9 bar abs and a gage attached to a
tank reads 390 mmHg vacuum, what is the absolute pressure (kPa)
17. Find the capillary rise in the tube for a mercury-air-glass interface within the tank?
with θ = 130° if the tube radius is 1 mm. A. 38.1 B. 97.6 C. 75.46 D. 81.5
A. -15 mm B. -7.5 mm C. -2.5 mm D. -5.0 mm
32. If the atmospheric pressure is 13.99 psia and a gage attached to a tank
18. If a bubble is equivalent to an air-water interface with σ = 0.005 lb/ft, reads 7.4 inHg vacuum, find the absolute pressure within the tank
what is the pressure (psf) difference between the inside and outside (psia).
of a bubble of diameter 0.003 in? A. 10.36 B. 11.23 C. 16.25 D. 14.23
A. 75 B. 72 C. 80 D. 51

Prepared by: ENGR. RONIE T. TARRIGA II, CE

University of Cebu – Review Properties of Fluids, Principles of Hydrostatics
and Total Hydrostatic Forces

33. If the weight density of mud is given by γ(h) = 65.0 + 0.2h, where γ is
in lb/ft3 and depth h is in ft, determine the pressure in psi, at a depth
of 17 ft.
A. 7.87 B. 6.33 C. 7.12 D. 5.64

34. For the vessel containing glycerin under pressure as shown. Find the
pressure (kPa) at the bottom of the tank.

37. Pressure at B in lb/ft2.

A. 3149 B. 2838 C. 3274 D. 2900
38. Pressure at C in lb/ft2.
A. 3274 B. 2900 C. 3149 D. 2838
A. 79.86 B. 86.12 C. 74.68 D. 75.95 39. Pressure at D in lb/ft2.
A. 3274 B. 3149 C. 2838 D. 2900
35. For the figure shown, find the horizontal pressure (psf) acting at the
face of the dam at 20-ft depth. Situation 6 – Evaluate the system as shown.

40. Find the pressure at point A in kPa.

A. -6.45 B. 9.84 C. 10.26 D. -7.83
A. 1845 B. 1248 C. 1574 D. 1456 41. Find the pressure at point B in kPa.
A. 6.15 B. 4.90 C. 9.84 D. 21.64
36. The closed tank in the figure is at 20°C. If the pressure at point A is 98 42. Find the pressure at point C in kPa.
kPa abs, what is the absolute pressure (kPa) at point B? Neglect air A. 21.64 B. 9.84 C. 4.90 D. 6.15
pressure. 43. Find the pressure at point D in kPa.
A. 9.84 B. 6.15 C. 21.64 D. 4.90

44. The tube shown is filled with oil. Determine the pressure heads at A
in meters of water.

A. 71.23 B. 76.41 C. 84.26 D. 78.42

Situation 5 – For the system shown, Assuming pressure at point A is 2900

psf, Calculate:
A. -2.38 m B. -0.51 m C. 2.38 m D. 0.51 m

Prepared by: ENGR. RONIE T. TARRIGA II, CE

University of Cebu – Review Properties of Fluids, Principles of Hydrostatics
and Total Hydrostatic Forces

45. Determine the pressure difference between points A and B based on 54. Compute the horizontal force P (lb) exerted by the wall at point A.
the figure shown. A. 22843 B. 26415 C. 23741 D. 22564
55. Compute the total reaction at B (lb).
A. 4779 B. 24085 C. 24555 D. 26315

Situation 11 – Gate AB in the figure shown is 1m long and 0.9 m wide.

A. 10.2 kPa B. 11.5 kPa C. 15.9 kPa D. 14.9 kPa

Situation 7 – A conical tank having a radius of base equal to 0.25m and a

height of 0.5m has its base at bottom.
46. If the water is poured into the tank, find the total volume (m3) to fill
up.
A. 0.0327 B. 0.0631 C. 0.0251 D. 0.0097
47. How much additional water (m3) is required to fill the tank if 0.023m3
of water is poured into the conical tank?
A. 0.0012 B. 0.0023 C. 0.00041 D. 0.0097
48. Find the height (m) of the free surface if 0.023 m3 of water is poured
56. Calculate the total hydrostatic force in kN.
into a conical tank.
A. 27.14 B. 29.61 C. 22.63 D. 24.15
A. 0.155 B. 0.333 C. 0.631 D. 0.999
57. Calculate the distance from centroid to center of pressure in mm.
A. 15 B. 20 C. 25 D. 30
Situation 8 – Consider a 8-m-long, 8-m-wide, and 2-m-high above ground
58. Calculate the distance “x” from point A in m.
swimming pool that is filled with water to the rim.
A. 0.515 B. 0.520 C. 0.525 D. 0.530
49. Determine the hydrostatic force on each wall in kN.
A. 157 B. 163 C. 197 D. 147
Situation 12 – A fishpond gate 6 ft wide and 9 ft high at the top and held
50. Determine the distance of the line of action of this force from the
closed by water pressure. The hinge is located 8 ft below the water
ground.
surface. The shorter side is parallel to the water surface.
A. 0.333 B. 0.223 C. 0.667 D. 0.888
59. Determine the total hydrostatic force in lb.
A. 23587 B. 30475 C. 35741 D. 42120
Situation 9 – A room in the lower level of a cruise ship has a 30-cm-
60. Determine the location of center of pressure from the water surface
diameter window. If the midpoint of the window is 4m below the
in ft.
water surface. Take the specific gravity of seawater to be 1.025.
A. 10.56 B. 11.75 C. 13.04 D. 10.96
51. Determine the hydrostatic force acting on the window in N.
61. What horizontal force must be applied at the bottom of the gate is
A. 7.62 B. 2.84 C. 4.12 D. 5.41
required to open the gate?
52. Determine the pressure center in m.
A. 23587 B. 29741 C. 30456 D. 31751
A. 6.301 B. 4.001 C. 7.531 D. 4.523

Situation 10 – The gate shown is 4 ft wide, is hinged at point B, and rests

against a smooth wall at A.

53. Compute the force on the gate due to seawater pressure (lb).
A. 41654 B. 30106 C. 45123 D. 62412

Prepared by: ENGR. RONIE T. TARRIGA II, CE