Lab 4: Archimedes principle

Aim:
The objective of doing this lab is to find the density of the wooden and aluminum block using
2 methods first by using the normal one and the second time by using the Archimedes
principle.

Theory:
We will find the density of the both block through apparatus which have been provided to us.
Using Archimedes principle would be more beneficial as it would produce accurate and
efficient results.

Method:
Exp 1: Determine the density 𝝆 (𝒌𝒈∙𝒎−𝟑) of the aluminium block and the wooden block using
a ruler (for calculating the volume m3) and a top-pan balance (for calculating the mass g)
 we will take the aluminum and wooden block then we will find their length, width and
height using ruler.
 Then we will find their volume by using the formula length × width × height.
 Then by using the beam balance we will find their masses
 After we have founded their masses and volumes we can easily calculate their
mass
densities using the formula Density=
volume
Exp 2: Determine the density 𝝆 (𝒌𝒈∙𝒎−𝟑) of the aluminium block using Archimedes ‘Principle
by measuring the real weight and apparent weight (block submerged) using a spring balance
 First, we fill find the weight of the aluminium block by hanging it to the spring
balance.
 Then we will submerge the hanging aluminium block into the water till it is
completely submerged.
 When it is submerged, we will note its weight again.
 After that we will find the weight of the water which is displaced and the mass of the
aluminium block and the V H O after that its density.
2

Exp3: Determine the density 𝝆 (𝒌𝒈∙𝒎−𝟑) of the wooden block using Archimedes’ Principle by
measuring the height (𝒉) of a block which is above the water when the block floats.
 we will dip the wooden block in the water until it starts to float.
 We will measure the height of the block from all the sides till it has floated and then
take the average all four sides.
H −h
 Using ρwood = (
H )
ρ H O this formula we will calculate its density.
2

Exp4: Weigh a beaker of water with and without a submerged Al block and compare the
difference to the buoyant force.
 Find the weight of the beaker with water in it.
 After that put, the aluminium block in it and weight it
 Find |F B|
Calculation1: A block of Aluminium has a mass of 91g and an apparent weight of 0.61N
when submerged in oil. Calculate the mass of the displaced oil and the density of the oil using
your
  Formulas that we have used in above experiments will be used in this calculation to
find the density of oil.
Results:
Exp1:

h =20.3 mm=0.0203m v=10.15 ×10−6 m 3

l=25 mm=0.025 mw=20.0 mm=0.02 m
al
M AL=( 28.8 ) × 10−3 kg ρ Al = (2.837 ) × 103 kg . m−3

l=50.0 mm=0.05 mw=49.5 mm=0.0495

h=29.8
m mm=0.0298mv=73.75 ×10−6 m 3
wood
M wood =( 35.0 ) × 10−3 kg ρwood =(0. 475)× 103 kg .m −3

Exp2:

W real =0.29 N W app =0.185 N F B=W H O =0.105 N

2
V H O =1.07 ×10−5 m 3
2

1 M
M AL= W =0.0296 kg ρ Al = AL =2.762 ×103 kg . m−3
9.8 real V AL

Exp3:

Wood H=29.8 mm h=16.1 mm ρwood = ( HH−h ) ρ H2 O =( 0.460 ×103 ) kg .m−3

Exp4:

W 1=0.760 N W 2 =0.863 N W 2 −W 1=0.103 N |F B|=W H O =¿0.103

2

Calclation1:

M oil =( 28.6 ) ×10−3 kg ρoil =( 0.889 ) ×103 kg . m−3

Analysis:
Exp1:
I. Al
 V Al=l × w× h=0.025× 0.002 ×0.0203=10.15× 10−6
M Al 28.8 ×10−3
 ρ Al = = =02.837 ×103
V Al 10.15 ×10 −6

II. Wood
 V wood =l× w × h=0.05 × 0.0495× 0.0298=73.75 ×10−6
M wood 35.0× 10−3
 ρwood = = =0.474 × 103
V wood 73.75× 10 −6

Theory 2:

Exp2:
 Al
 F B=W H O =W real −W app =0.290−0.185=0.105
2

FB 0.105
 V H O= = =1.07 ×10−5
2
g × ρH O 9.8 ×1000
2

1 1
 M Al= W real= ( 0.290 )=0.0296
9.8 9.8
M Al 0.0296 3
 ρ Al = = =2.762× 10
V Al 1.07 ×10−5
Theory 3:

Exp3:
 Wood
H−h 29.8−16.1
 ρwood = × ρH O= ( 1000 )=0.460 ×103
H 2
29.8

Average results:
Exp Set 1 Set 2 Set 3 Set 4 Set 5 ∑x Mean SD (1SF)
n
1 ρ ¿
AL 2.84 2.81 2.79 2.88 2.58 13.89 2.78 0.1
5

1 ρwood 0.475 0.593 0.461 0.473 0.426 2.428 0.486 0.06

5
2 ρ Al 2.76 2.37 2.80 3.43 2.70 14.06 2.81 0.3
5
 3 ρwood 0.460 0.593 0.500 0.500 0.400 2.453 0.491 0.06
5

Exp4:
 Al
 W 2 −W 1=0.863−0.760=0.103 N

Calculation 1:

A)
 Mass of Al block = 91 ×10−3 kg
 W app =0.61 N
 M Oil g=M Al g−0.61
91×10−3−0.61
 M Oil = =0.028 kg mass of oil
9.8
B)
M Al
 M Oil g= × ρ oil g
ρ Al
M oil ρ Al 0.028 × 2.83× 10−3
 ρoil = = =0.889 density of oil
M Al 91× 10−3

Conclusion:
During this lab we figure it out that the density which we found using Archimedes principle
gave the same and accurate results plus we also calculated the density of oil using the same
principle.
Appendix: