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    Lab Report 2 - Energy and Motion

    Uploaded by

    Dawood Suleman
    The document describes experiments to determine the coefficients of static and kinetic friction for different objects using an inclined plane. It provides the methodology for calculating the static friction coefficient using the angle of the inclined plane and the kinetic friction coefficient using measurements of distance and time. The results show the average and standard deviation of the static and kinetic friction coefficients for blocks of different masses and surface areas.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Lab Report 2 - Energy and Motion

    Uploaded by

    Dawood Suleman
    163 views7 pages
    The document describes experiments to determine the coefficients of static and kinetic friction for different objects using an inclined plane. It provides the methodology for calculating the static friction coefficient using the angle of the inclined plane and the kinetic friction coefficient using measurements of distance and time. The results show the average and standard deviation of the static and kinetic friction coefficients for blocks of different masses and surface areas.

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    Lab Report 2- Energy and motion

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    The document describes experiments to determine the coefficients of static and kinetic friction for different objects using an inclined plane. It provides the methodology for calculating the static friction coefficient using the angle of the inclined plane and the kinetic friction coefficient using measurements of distance and time. The results show the average and standard deviation of the static and kinetic friction coefficients for blocks of different masses and surface areas.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    163 views7 pages

    Lab Report 2 - Energy and Motion

    Uploaded by

    Dawood Suleman
    The document describes experiments to determine the coefficients of static and kinetic friction for different objects using an inclined plane. It provides the methodology for calculating the static friction coefficient using the angle of the inclined plane and the kinetic friction coefficient using measurements of distance and time. The results show the average and standard deviation of the static and kinetic friction coefficients for blocks of different masses and surface areas.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 7

    Friction and Newton’s Third Law

    Aim

    The main aim of this practical is to determine values of the coefficient of static friction and the coefficient of
    kinetic friction of an object.

    Theory

    In this lab we will be performing 2 experiments and by using the equipment’s given in the experiment 1 we
    will calculate the value of static friction coefficient μs by calculating tanθ. And, in the experiment 2 we will
    a
    calculate the coefficient of kinetic friction μk by tanθ− .
    gcosθ

    Method

    Experiment 1: determine friction coefficient of static friction μs

     Calculate the length of the pipe using the ruler.


     Calculate the horizontal length using the ruler.
     Calculate the value of tanθ which is also μs .

    Experiment 2: determine the coefficient of kinetic friction ¿) for 3 different blocks.

     calculate the length of pipe.


     calculate the horizontal length.
     Calculateθ .
     Then we will calculate the time taken for the block to fall from inclined plane using stopwatch.
    2x
     Then we will calculate a through formula a= 2
    t
     We will take mean of value of μk and μs from calculator
     Calculate value of standard deviation through calculator for both.
     At the end sketch the graphs of the mean of μk and μs vs mass and area.
    Result

    Experiment 1

    Block tanϴ tanϴ tanϴ ( μ s)2SF


    1 (M, A) 0.394 0.361 0.341 0.37
    2 (2M, A) 0.381 0.424 0.361 0.39
    3 (2M,2A) 0.384 0.367 0.365 0.37

     μs =tanϴ
    H
    Block 1 (M, A): B
    L
    H=28 H=26 H=25
    l=71 l=72 L=73

    28 26 25
    tanθ= =0.394 tanθ= =0.361 tanθ= =0.34 1
    71 72 73

    0.394+0.361+0.341
    μs = =0.37
    3

    Block 2 (2M, A):

    H=27 H=28 H=26


    l=71 l=70 L=72
    27 28 26
    tanθ= =0.381 tanθ= =0.424 tanθ= =0.361
    71 70 72

    0.381+ 0.424+0.361
    μs = =0.39
    3

    Block 3 (2M,2A):

    H=27.5 H=25 H=24.5


    l=71.5 l=68 L=67
    27.5 25 24.5
    tanθ= =0.384 tanθ= =0.367 tanθ= =0.365
    71.5 68 67

    0.384+0.367+ 0.365
    μs = =0.37
    3
    Free body diagram

    Experiment 2

    a
    μk =tan θ' −
    gcosθ

    1
    x=v i t + a t 2 vi =0
    2

    2x
    a=
    t2

    Block x 0 t1 t2 t3 a1 a2 a3 ( μk ) 2 SF
    1 (M, A) 71.3 21 1.19 1.09 1.09 100 120 120 -12
    2 (2M, A) 71.3 21 1.25 1.25 1.22 91 101 96 -10
    3 (2M,2A) 71.3 21 1.19 1.15 1.16 101 108 106 -11

    Block 1 (M, A):

    x=71.3 x=71.3 x=71.3


    t 1=1.19 θ=21 t 2=1.09 θ=21 t 3=1.09 θ=21
    2(71.3) 2(71.3) 2(71.3)
    a 1= =100 a 2= =120 a 3= =120
    (1.19)2 (1.09)2 (1.09)2

    113
    μk =tan ( 21 )− =−12
    9.8 cos ( 21 )

    Block 2 (2M, A):


    x=71.3 x=71.3 x=71.3
    t 1=1.25 θ=21 t 2=1.19 θ=21 t 3=1.22 θ=21
    2(71.3) 2(71.3) 2(71.3)
    a 1= =91 a 2= =101 a 3= =96
    (1.25)2 (1.19)2 (1.22)2

    96
    μk =tan(21)' − =−10
    9.8 cos ( 21 )

    Block 3 (2M,2A):

    x=71.3 x=71.3 x=71.3


    t 1=1.19 θ=21 t 2=1.15 θ=21 t 3=1.16 θ=21
    2(71.3) 2(71.3) 2(71.3)
    a 1= =101 a 2= =108 a 3= =106
    (1.19)2 (1.15)2 (1.16)2

    105
    μk =tan (21)' − =−11
    9.8 cos ( 21 )

    Free body diagram

    Results: -

    Determining the class average and standard deviation of μk and μs for 3 bocks.

    Block 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 mean σ 1 SF
    1 (M, A) μs 0.381 0.385 0.368 0.415 0.421 0.278 0.37 0.26 0.39 0.35 0.36 0.05
    2 (2M, A) μs 0.38 0.311 0.298 0.312 0.435 0.345 0.28 0.37 0.38 0.29 0.34 0.05
    3 (2M,2A) μs 0.372 0.31 0.398 0.256 0.342 0.438 0.32 0.39 0.56 0.28 0.37 0.08
    1 (M, A) μk 0.259 0.245 0.198 0.211 0.311 0.285 0.25 0.39 0.19 0.26 0.26 0.06
    2 (2M, A) μk 0.278 0.241 0.311 0.187 0.198 0.266 0.24 0.30 0.19 0.28 0.25 0.04
    3 (2M,2A) μk 0.269 0.222 0.265 0.167 0.321 0.298 0.21 0.27 0.31 0.31 0.27 0.05
    Analysis

    Graph 1:
    Mass vs coefficient of friction( μk and μs )

    Graph 2:
    Area vs coefficient of friction( μk and μs )
    Conclusion

    In this lab we conclude that the value of coefficient of static friction μS is larger than the coefficient of kinetic
    friction μk . The value of mass and area does not have any effect on μS and μk .

    Appendix

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