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Textile, Basketry, and Ornamentation

The document summarizes traditional textiles, basketry, and ornamentation among various ethnic groups in the Philippines. It describes the Ikat weaving tradition of the Luzon highlands which uses natural dyes. The Gaddang people wear textiles with geometric patterns and bead embellishments. Major weaving towns in northern Luzon produce blankets using traditional techniques. Basketry among groups like the Ifugao demonstrate sophisticated forms and functions. Tattooing and the use of shells and beads are used for ornamentation and to signify identity and status.

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Joemabel Arangoso
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234 views17 pages

Textile, Basketry, and Ornamentation

The document summarizes traditional textiles, basketry, and ornamentation among various ethnic groups in the Philippines. It describes the Ikat weaving tradition of the Luzon highlands which uses natural dyes. The Gaddang people wear textiles with geometric patterns and bead embellishments. Major weaving towns in northern Luzon produce blankets using traditional techniques. Basketry among groups like the Ifugao demonstrate sophisticated forms and functions. Tattooing and the use of shells and beads are used for ornamentation and to signify identity and status.

Uploaded by

Joemabel Arangoso
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Textile,

Basketry,
and
Ornamentation
TEXTILE
The Ikat is a popular weaving IKAT
tradition in the Luzon highlands.
The Ikat is an Indonesian term
that literally means “to Tie”. Ikat
makes use of technique where a
design is embedded on a thread
through a tie-dyed technique of
using colors from natural
resources. The Ikat in the
Philippines is characterized by
colorful and striking designs. As
stated earlier, the dyes used in
the method are from natural
resources. Red dye is from Narra
shavings, and blackish red dye is
from mud with high iron content.
Yellow dye is obtained from
ginger.
In Nueva Vizcaya, Isabela, and Cagayan live the Gaddang, which
is an ethnic group who wear traditional clothing with fancy
stripped designs. The designs are symbolic and generally feature
geometric patterns. The textile of the Gaddangs are adorned with
little seed beads.

GADDANG TEXTILE
There are areas in lowland Luzon, such as Santa Maria, Santiago, and
Vigan in Ilocos Sur; Sarrat and Paoay in Ilocos Norte; and Bangar in
La Union, which are considered to be major weaving towns in the region.
There are intricately designed blankets made in these places. The
blankets are known as binakol and pinilian.

BINAKOL PINILIAN
The inabel or abel iloco is a textile made using age-old traditional weaving
techniques by artisans in Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Abra, and La Union. Some
products that are made using these techniques include blankets, table runners,
pillow cases, dresses, and bags. Ilocos loom-weaving is distinctive, as the yarns
used are made of cotton and dyed from a plum sap called sagut. Newly born
babies in the region are wrapped in abel blanket, and those who participate in
weddings wear abel clothing. Dead ancestors are also wrapped in abel blanket.

I
N
A
B
E
L
BASKETRY
• Traditional Philippine art also involves the weaving of hats, baskets and mats.
Early in the history of weaving in Luzon, there are many forms of weaving
such basketry such as basketry weaves, knotting and braiding and using
vegetable fibers.
• The climate in the Philippines is one of the reasons for the production of
headgear. Examples of these headgears are the Ivatan vakul, the Bontoc
cardinal hat, and the Ifugao rattan skullcap.

Bontoc Hat

Vakul Rattan Skullcap


There is a high sophistication and variety in the form and function of
baskets among the Ifugaos. Decorations added to the basket must embody
its intrinsic function. The Kankanay of the Cordilleras also display a unique
basket-weaving technique wherein a grain-storage basket is carved with
figures of lizards on all its four corners. The Neck of the lizard figures
serves as hooks for string handles.
Basket categories that The agawen is a
the Ifugao people have small, open
basket used as a
been accustomed to: container for
snails gathered
in the fields.

The acob is a
basket that has
a square base
and a round
cover. It is
primarily used to
store husked
rice.
The bangaw is a The binali is a basket The bulot is used to
backpack with a made through a coil store locust.
smooth black fiber technique and is used
worn by travelers to for storage of grains.
cover themselves
against the rain.
The camoan is also The hoop is a square The hulol is a funnel-
another basket for basket used when shaped basket that is
husked rice. carrying food to the used when catching
fields. locust.
The pasiking is The topil is another The ulbong is another
another type of type of food container type of basket used for
backpack. for the field. grain storage.
Mats are popular in the
Philippines because of our
climate. Mats are
comfortable when the
weather is hot and humid.
Plans that have lean,
fibrous, long, and supple
leaves abound in these
areas, and these leaves are
used in weaving mats. Buri
plants of Anda in Western
Pangasinan and of Apalit in
Pampanga, as well as the
karagumoy or screw pine
of Cagraray in Bacacay,
Albay are examples of
plants with leaves ideal for
mat weaving. These plants
are type of palms.
ORNAMENTATION
Tattooing or the Batek is a practice in Kalinga and other parts of the
Cordillera region that is associated with beauty and status. The identity,
membership and belongingness to a particular community are signified
through the Batek. The practice is also believed to be a way of warding off
evil spirits and diseases. Last, a tattoo is indicative of privilege, strength,
honor and prestige in a community. A male can be tattooed to indicate
seniority, bravery and prowess in headhunting.

The practice of batek is filled with symbolism and


imagery. A tattoo of a centipede eating a lizard may
suggest being strong a agile. A tattoo of a head axe may
pertain to the tattoo bearer’s participation in
headhunting. A moon and stars tattoo symbolizes
having light in the midst of darkness.
Indigenous people also use shells and beads to adorn themselves. An
example is a Kalinga woman who decorates her skirt with shells and brightly
colored antique beads. The Gaddangs wear shells butterflies as ear
ornaments. The Entire shells, on the other hand is used as hip ornament by
people in Bontoc. Beads as decorations are popular among the Tinguian of
Abra and the Gaddangs. They use beads to adorn their clothes and other
things. Capes, loincloths, jackets and hats are used by the men, while beads
are used in women’s blouses, skirts, pouches, hairpieces and combs.

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