Scribd
Upload
524 views10 pages

Chapter # 1 Characteristics and Evolution of Computer

This document summarizes the evolution of computers across five generations from the 1950s to present day: - Second generation computers (1959-1965) used transistors, were smaller/faster/cheaper than previous models, and relied on punched cards for input. Examples included the IBM 1401 and RCA 501. - Third generation computers (1964-1970) used integrated circuits, were smaller with increased storage capacity, and could run multiple programs simultaneously. Examples were IBM 360/370 series. - Fourth generation computers (1971-present) used microprocessors, had greater computing power and storage. Could be networked. Examples included IBM PC, Apple Macintosh, and modern laptops/palmtops.

Uploaded by

adeeba arshad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
524 views10 pages

Chapter # 1 Characteristics and Evolution of Computer

This document summarizes the evolution of computers across five generations from the 1950s to present day: - Second generation computers (1959-1965) used transistors, were smaller/faster/cheaper than previous models, and relied on punched cards for input. Examples included the IBM 1401 and RCA 501. - Third generation computers (1964-1970) used integrated circuits, were smaller with increased storage capacity, and could run multiple programs simultaneously. Examples were IBM 360/370 series. - Fourth generation computers (1971-present) used microprocessors, had greater computing power and storage. Could be networked. Examples included IBM PC, Apple Macintosh, and modern laptops/palmtops.

Uploaded by

adeeba arshad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 10

Chapter # 1

Characteristics and
Evolution of Computer
 Second generation
1959-1965
They used transistors.
They were smaller, faster, cheaper,
and more efficient than first-
generation computers.
They relied on punched cards for
input.
Example :
 IBM 1401 AND RCA 501 are the
 Third
generation 1964-1970
 The main component is Ics
(Integrated circuits).
Smaller size
Increased storage capacity.
Different programs could be run
together.
Example :
 IBM 360 series and 370 series are
 Fourth generation 1971-
present.
•The main component is
microprocessors.
•Greater computing power.
•Great storage capacity.
•Can be linked together or network.
Example :
 IBM PC, Apple Macintosh, Modern
day PCs, Laptop, palmtop are the
 Fifth generation was from 
1989- future.
• The fifth-generation computer are
referred to as super computers.
• Very high speed and storage
capacity.
• Might overcome the lack of thinking
power.
Example :
 CRAY CS300 seriesthe examples of
Q : List the characteristics of second generation computer?
Answer: Characteristics of second-generation computers are:
They used transistors.
They were smaller, faster, cheaper, and more efficient than first-
generation computers.
They relied on punched cards for input.
Q# : In fourth generation computers what do you think was the
biggest advantage for using microprocessor? Justify your response.
Answer: The biggest advantage of using microprocessor was it
contains all the components of C. P. U. On a single chip which
reduce the size and increase the efficiency.
Q# : Do you think that in the future artificial intelligence might
replace teacher in the classroom? Give reasons for your answer.
Ans: A-I may defines the ability of a machine to imitate intelligence
humen behavior. Although it is now being used in class room in
many different countries of the world, however it is not likely to
replace teacher it will assist teacher.
Q : Define early calculating devices?
ANS: some of the early calculating devices are as follows:
ABACUS: It was is the first calculator of the world used for addition and
subtraction.
NAPIER’S BONES: It is another calculation device which can also do the
function of multiply.
PASCALINE: It was the first mechanical calculator.
DIFFERENCE ENGINE: It is invented for calculation and for preparing
calculating tables.
Q# : shortly define evolution of computer?
ANS: The first generation computers used vacuum tubes and were
heavy and expensive.
The second generation computers used transistors and were smaller
and faster.
The third generation computer used integrated circuits and was smaller.
The fourth generation computer used microprocessor and has much
improved computing power and high storage capacity.
Q : what is supercomputer?
ANS: The supercomputer have a very high storage
capacity and high speed they have ability to make
decision and predict future.
Q# : Define artificial intelligence?
ANS: AI(Artificial Intelligence) is the branch of computer
science that aims to create computer that can think,
behave, and react the same way as human do.
HOME TASK
Q# :Define computer characteristics?
ANS: computer characteristic
It is very accurate.
It has a very high storage capacity.
It do not suffer from burning.
It performs different types of jobs efficiently.

ABBREVIATIONS
1.ENIAC: (Electronic numerical integrator and computer)
2. EDSAC:(Electronic delay storage automatic computer)
3. EDVAC:( Electronic discrete variable automatic computer)
4. UNIAC I( Universal automatic computer)
5. AI: ( Artificial Intelligence)
6. ICs: (Integrated circuits)
VLSIC: ( Very Large Scale Integrated circuits)
HOMEWORK:
Do write all the given slides work in your copy and
read whole chapter.
BEST OF LUCK 

You might also like