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Review Exercise 04: Student ID: Student Name: Student ID: Student Name

The document contains a review exercise with 4 multiple choice questions about using resolution to check logical entailment from a knowledge base. Question 1 asks the student to use resolution to check if a knowledge base KB entails proposition Q, which it does. Question 2 repeats the process for checking if KB entails not Q, which it does not. Question 3 states that forward chaining and backward chaining were not used since one sentence is not a definite clause. Question 4 provides a logic puzzle in propositions and asks the student to use resolution to prove the conclusion that Heather will be fired. The student correctly represents the scenario as a knowledge base in CNF and uses resolution to derive the contradiction.

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46 views2 pages

Review Exercise 04: Student ID: Student Name: Student ID: Student Name

The document contains a review exercise with 4 multiple choice questions about using resolution to check logical entailment from a knowledge base. Question 1 asks the student to use resolution to check if a knowledge base KB entails proposition Q, which it does. Question 2 repeats the process for checking if KB entails not Q, which it does not. Question 3 states that forward chaining and backward chaining were not used since one sentence is not a definite clause. Question 4 provides a logic puzzle in propositions and asks the student to use resolution to prove the conclusion that Heather will be fired. The student correctly represents the scenario as a knowledge base in CNF and uses resolution to derive the contradiction.

Uploaded by

Dai Trong
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Course: CSC14003 - Artificial Intelligence

Class 18CLC – Term III/2019-2020

REVIEW EXERCISE 04
Student ID: Student name:
Student ID: Student name:

Question 1. Given a knowledge base KB as follows, {P → R, S → P, S, R → Q}.


Consider the pseudo-code function PL-RESOLUTION given in the lecture to check whether
KB entails Q.
Present your work to the table below, in which the first column contains KB   in CNF,
and every of the next columns includes new sentences added to KB after each loop. Note that
• Duplicated sentences are omitted from the table
• Circle the unit clauses that lead to the contradiction and hence the function ends
successfully, if possible
• Process the clauses in order, that is first pair clause 1 with clause 2, 3, 4… then pair
clause 2 with clause 3, 4,… and so on.
CNF sentences Loop 1 Loop 2 Loop 3 Loop 4
1) P  R 6) R  S 10) R

2) P  S 7) P  Q 11) P

3) S 8) P 12) S  Q

4) Q  R 9) R 13) S

5) Q 14) Q

Circle the correct option, IS or IS NOT.


Following the result of resolution, the sentence Q IS / IS NOT entailed by KB.

Question 2. Repeat Question 1. but this time you check whether KB entails Q.
CNF sentences Loop 1 Loop 2 Loop 3 Loop 4
1) P  R 6) R  S 9) R

2) P  S 7) P  Q 10) S  Q

3) S 8) P 11) Q

4) Q  R

5) Q

1
There is no new clause generated after Loop 2. There is no contradiction, either. Thus, KB
does not entails Q.

Question 3. Are the above problems solved by using Forward chaining or Backward
chaining? Give your reason.
NO, there exists a sentence that is not a definite clause, i.e S  P

Question 4. Consider the following text. “Heather attended the meeting or Heather was not
invited. If the boss wanted Heather at the meeting, then she was invited. Heather did not
attend the meeting. If the boss did not want Heather there, and the boss did not invite her
there, then she is going to be fired.”
Use resolution to prove that Heather is going to be fired. Hint: clauses in italic are good
candidates for propositions.

Let each of following propositions denote the facts represented in the corresponding clause.
• Proposition A represents for “Heather attended the meeting.”
• Proposition I represents for “Heather was invited.”
• Proposition W represents for “The boss wanted Heather at the meeting.”
• Proposition F represents for “Heather is going to be fired.”
Then the propositional KB in CNF will be
1) A  I
2) W  I
3) A
4) WIF
Apply resolution to KB  
5) F Negation of conclusion
6) W  I from sentences 4 and 5
7) I from sentences 2 and 6
8) A from sentences 1 and 7
9) • from sentences 3 and 8

Conclusion: Therefore, Heather is going to be fired

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