MIS ASSIGNMENT 3

CHEPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction

1.1 Learning Objectives

1.2 Basic Concepts

1.4 Functions of Management

1.5 Levels of Management:

1.5.1 Top Level Management:

1.5.2 Middle Level Management:

1.5.3 Low Level Management:

1.6 Concept of a System

1.6.1 System Concepts

1.6.2 Components of a System

1.6.3 Types of System

1.7 Data and information

1.8 Information System

1.9 Need for information systems

1.10 Uses of information system

1.11 Roles of Information system in business

Management Information System (MIS) is a study of people, technology, organizations, and the
relationships among them in a broader sense. However in precise terms MIS is a software
system that focuses on the management of information technology to provide efficiency and
effectiveness or strategy decision making. The term is often used in the academic study of
businesses and has connections with other areas, such as information systems, information
technology, informatics, e-commerce and computer science. In this unit, we will discuss the
basic concepts in Management Information System.

1.1Learning Objectives After going through this unit you should be able to:

 Know the fundamental management concepts

 Understand the basic concepts of Information Systems

 Understand and apply core knowledge in Information Systems

 Identify and analyze requirements for information systems

 Understand and apply design principles in Information System

 Identify the basic components of Management Information Systems.

 Conceptualize information systems as combinations of hardware and software

technologies.  Know the applications of information systems in various levels of

Management

1.2 Basic Concepts Management Information System is an accumulation of 3 different

terms as explained below.

Tactfully” or Management is an art of getting things done by others. However, for

the purpose of Management Information System, management comprises the

process and activity that a manager does in the operation of their organization,

i.e., to plan, organize, direct and control operations.

 Information simply means processed data or in the layman language, data which

can be converted into meaningful and useful form for a specific user. System:

The system can be explained in a following ways:

 System: The system can be explained in a following ways:

System can be defined as a set of elements joined together for a common objective.

 A group of interrelated or interacting elements forming a unified whole e.g., business

organization as systems

A group of interrelated components working together towards a common goal by

accepting in

1.3Overview of Management Every business unit has some objectives of its own.

These objectives can be achieved with the coordinated efforts of several personnel.

The works of a number of persons are properly co-ordinated to achieve the

objectives through the process of management

1.4 Functions of Management Management has been defined as a process of getting

things done through others

management:

1.5.1 Top Level Management Top level management consists of board of directors,

managing directors or executive committee members.

Objectives of Top Level Management include the following.

Setting key objectives, policies and identifying factors essential for the development of

the organization.

Making appointments to the top position of the organization such as managers

department heads etc.

1.5.2 Middle Level Management Middle level management consists of managers of

various departments such as productions, sales, marketing, resource, finance etc

Objectives of Middle Level Management include the following.

 Follow the rules and policies formulated by the top level management.

 Motivating personnel for higher productivity.

.Collecting detail analysis reports from the various departments

1.5.3 Low Level Management. Low level management consist of supervisors, daily

workers etc. Follow the rules and guidelines made out by the top level authentic of the

organization.

 To issue orders and instructions to the workers and to supervise and control their

work

 To classify and assign jobs to the workers

1.6 Concept of a System A System is a group of interrelated components working

together toward a common goal by accepting inputs and producing outputs in an

organized transformation process

6.1 System Concepts The concepts of a system are Technology, Application,

Development and Management

A. Technology. Computer networks are systems of information processing

components that are a variety of hardware, software and telecommunication

technology.

B. . Application. That electronic business and commerce application involves

interconnected business information system

C. Development. That developing way to use IT in business includes designing the

basic component of information system.

D. Management. Managing IT emphasize the quality, strategic business value and

security of an organization in information system

6.1.2 Components of a System There are three basic components of a system,

they are

a. Input. Input involves capturing and assembling elements that enter to the

system to be processed. Some of the inputs are raw materials, energy, data etc.

b. Processing. It involves transformation process that converts input to output.

c. Output. It involves transforming element that has been produced by a

transformation process to their ultimate destination

the system interacts with each other and this controlled by management then it is

known as Dynamic System.

1.7 Data and information By data we mean the facts or figures representing an object,

place or the events occurring in the organization. It is not enough to have data (such as

statistics on the economy). Data themselves are fairly useless, but when these data are

interpreted and processed to determine its true meaning, they become useful.

1.8 Information System Meaning: An information system can be any organized

combination of people, hardware, software, communication software and data resource

that collects transformation or screening the information in an organization. Definition:

An information system can be defined as a set of interrelated components that collect

(or retrieve), process, store and distribute information to support decision making,

coordination and control in an organization.

1.9 Need for Information Systems

The information system is very important for the internet technology and the traditional

business concerns and is really the latest phase in the ongoing evolution of business. All

the companies need to update their business, infrastructure and change way they work

to respond more immediately to customer need

1.10 Uses of Information System Information system and technology including E-

business and E-commerce technology and application has become vital component of

successful business and organization

1.11 Roles of Information Systems in business An Information system supports the

business Organizations in the following ways.

outputs as services to customer. Supports current operations and use the system to

influence further way of working.

b) Support Operation of a Business Organization: An IS supports operations of a

business organization by giving timely information, maintenance and enhancement

which provides flexibility in the operation of organizations.

c) Support Decision Making: An IS supports the decision making by employee in their

daily operations. It also supports managers in decision making to meet the goals