Click Start

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INTERNATIONAL EDITION
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Learner’s Book 5
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SA

Third edition Digital Access

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PL
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© Cambridge University Press 2011, 2014, 2020
This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception
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no reproduction of any part may take place without the written
permission of Cambridge University Press.
First published 2011
Second edition 2014
Third edition 2020

ISBN 9781108951883
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notice to teachers
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Every effort has been made to trace the owners of copyright material included in this
book. The publishers would be grateful for any omissions brought to their notice for
acknowledgement in future editions of the book.
 Introduction
The international edition of Click Start: Computing for Schools is
designed around the latest developments in the field of computer science,
information and communication technology. Based on Windows 7 and
MS Office 2010, with extensive updates on Windows 10 and MS Office
2016, the series aids the understanding of the essentials of computer
science including computer basics, office applications, creative software,
programming concepts and programming languages.

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Each level of the series has been designed keeping in mind the learning
ability of the learners as well as their interests. Efforts have been made to
use examples from day-to-day life, which will help the learners to bridge the

the learners.

KEY FEATURES
PL
gap between their knowledge of the subject and the real world. The books are
designed to offer a holistic approach and help in the overall development of

• Snap Recap: Probing questions to begin a chapter and assess pre-knowledge

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• Learning Objectives: A list of the learning outcomes of the chapter
Activity: Interactive exercise after every major topic to reinforce analytical skills and
• 
application-based learning
• Exercise: A variety of questions to test understanding
• Fact File: Interesting concept-related facts to improve concept knowledge
SA

• Quick Key and Try This: Shortcuts and useful tips on options available for different
operations
• Glossary: Chapter-end list of important terms along with their definitions
• You Are Here: Quick recap
• Lab Work: Practical exercises to enable application of concepts through learning-by-doing
• Project Work: Situational tasks to test practical application of the concepts learnt
• Who Am I?: Biographies to inspire young learners
Sample Paper: Practice and preparation for exams
• 
• Poster: Informative infographics to help students stay safe in a connected digital environment

The aim of this book is to make learning fun and to help the learners achieve expertise in this fast-
changing world of computer science.
 Overview Com
Know

Snap Recap
Know Your SNAP RECAP

Computer
LE
Probing questions to 1. Think about the differen
t types of
computer memory and disc You will lea
begin a chapter and 2. Discuss the different
uss.
• Input–P
uses of
assess pre-knowledge multimedia. • compute

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Information often needs
its comp
to be kept safe for
later use. This informati
on may be stored
in storage devices like the
compact disc, hard disk,
floppy disk, Introduction
flash drive and
memory cards (Fig. 1.5). The computer is an electron
SNthrou
Let us study the IPO cycle AP gh ic device capable of so
RECthe AP perform
LEA RNING ing OB
opeJEC
rations
example given below.
TIV on the data, and giving resu
ES
input, process and output
Learning
Playing GamObjectives
1. Think about the differen
es
compute
t types of Fig� 1�5 Storage device
You will learn about:
.
1. Input: The player’s infor r memory and discuss.

MS Word 2010 – Inse

Ob ectsActivity and Draw ng
Interactive exercise
every major topic to
rting

PB after
PL A list of
outcomes

A.
theuterlearning
to the comp2.

directionof

3. Output: Int

1. Inpu
Dis cuss
along
mulanim
pressed to run the

of thethe
2. Process: The change
time
mati
withthe
ation
on
some
dia.
chapter
s.
in speed and
given
diff

animations in game are

taken care of as per the keys

rodt ofuc
The effec thetio
is seen in the form of anim
sound onThe com
the scree
performing operations on
input, process and output
AC TIVITY
Input
Think about the process
on this,Inp
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t
2. Procthe
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essinkey
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……
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.
Fig� 1�6 A child playing
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er is an electronic device
cap
the data, and giving resu

of generating a timetable
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a giv
ut dev
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anden
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a
• Input–Pr
• compute

of your subjects. Based

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sca……
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utput cycle
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r netw the, raw data given to the
usin
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a washing machine, you

able of the
solvraw proable
g sinput devices like
the keyboard, mouse and
Just as you put dirty clothe

msaby
into acc
com
scanner.

inp
ept
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Let).us revisit the concep
s in
ut
ering data,
ts of
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3. Output
P Microsoft Word allows you
…………………………
Just as you put dirty clothe
reinforce analytical skills and
LEARNING OBJEC TIVES …… …………………………
s in to insert page numbers in
…
B. Suggest at least three mach
follow a
thewas hing. maines
1. Click on the Insertas an a document.
ts available in IPO cycle chine,exam ple from your daily life
you inp
ut tab that
You will learn about: Header & Footer group
matting tool
2
application-based
• inse rting a picture, Clip Art learning the raw dat
droa p-d
intoow
a com put(Fi
n list er g. 4.7). Page Number
s
and WordArt (Fig. 1.1).
me tab of MS 3
• inserting page numbers
Insert tab
Fig� 1�1 Input
es the facility to EXERCISE
FAC T FILE
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in a document
1
Exercise
A. Fill in the blanks.
e, Clip Art or/and MS Word allows you to
protect a 1. ………………………
………… is designed to
efficient work environment. create a productive and
s once added can document. This restricts othe
rs from 2. The Ribbon comprises
an

A variety of questions
of tabs, groups and ………
……………. .
ved and cropped viewing and editing it. You
may Page Number
3. Microsoft Word is a tool
………………………. .
which is used to create
professional looking

an be further also select parts of a docu 4. ………………………

drop-down list
ment …. . can be used for calcula

to test understanding
management and prepar tion, database
ation of charts.
itable tools. that need to be protected. 5. ………………………
…. is a pictorial represe
ntation of data.
B. State true or false.

s 1. In case of MS word, the

default file name is Docum
whereas in case of MS Excel, ent1
the default file name is
Book1.
de more attractive with pict 2. The user cannot custom
ise the Quick Access toolbar
ures or photos. This can Fig� 4�7 Page Number opti according to their individ
ual requirements.
wing steps. on 3. A file in MS Excel is called
2. Select the desired pos a worksheet.

Illustrations group ition from the 4. PowerPoint is a multim

edia application.
Picture option (Fig. 4.1) drop-down list and alignm 5. Spreadsheet is a compu
. ent of page QUICK KEY do drawing only.
ter program that helps
you to

numbers from the subme C. Write the shortcut

Fact File
keys for the following.
nu. 1. To open an already existin

Quick Key
g file
3. Yo u will notice that the Desig For inserting 2. Microsoft Word Help
………………………….

n tab ………………………….

ure
on
Interesting
Illus trations concept-related appears. Click on the Clo
and TryandThis se Header
page number
in your Alt + Shift + P
3. To select the entire text

4. To print a file
………………………….

group Footer option in the Close

………………………….
5. To cut any data from

snippets to improve group

a slide
document ………………………….

Fig� 4�1 Inserting a pictu

re in MS Word 2010 docu Shortcuts
to conand
tinue useful
working in the document
.
concept knowledge ment
The page number will now
tips on options app ear at the selected positio
33

TRY THIS n on each page.

available for different FACT
Open the Run dialog box
operations
AC TIVITY and type osk. Click OK.
Nowaday
also used
The On-Screen Keyboard
forms, es
Complete the following will appear on the screen.
activity. is done fo
1. Give page numbers
in the document OurGroup
Rocks.docx.
2. Save the changes in
the document.

AC TIVITY
 nalization window using
the Control Panel.
2. Use the file ‘MyDesktop.b
mp’ created earlier in Paint
Desktop background. and set it as the
3. Change the mouse setting
s by increasing the double
mouse trail and change the -click speed, apply the
shape of the mouse pointer
4. Change time to 24 hours .
format.

GLOSSARY
Desktop background It
is an image used as a backgr
Graphical User Interfa ound on a computer screen.
ce It offers graphical icons
and visual indicators based
interface.
Multitasking It is the ability
to do more than one thing
Theme It is a background at a time.
with a set of sound, icons

Glossary
helps you in customising and other elements that
your computer.
Virtual keyboard It is
a utility program that display
allowing the mouse pointer s an on-screen keyboard
to type.

Chapter-end list of
important terms along 19

Format It arranges text

Format Painter It allow
according to a chosen patter
n.
with their definitions
s the user to copy the text
Justify alignment It is format and not the text.
the alignment where the
Slide Show It runs the slides text is flushed both left and
in full screen mode. right.
Slide transition It is the
way of moving from one
presentation. slide to another during a
Subscript It reduces the
size of the text and lower
current line. s it to the bottom of the
Superscript It reduces
the size of the text and raises D. Differentiate betwe
current line. it to the top of the en:
1. Superscript and Subsc
Text alignment It is the ript
text layout within a parag 2. Cut, Paste options and
margins. raph with respect to docum Copy, Paste options
ent 3. Bold and Italics
Underline style It is the
font style where the text 4. Left and Right alignm
has a line under it. ents
5. Adding bullets and
E. Answer the follow Adding numbers to a list
ing questions.

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E. Answer the follow
1. ARE
What1.isForma ing questions.
YOU the defau
tting ltand
alignm
editinent
g ofof 1. What do you mean
HERE thedata
slides
in helps
a work sheetg?presentation
makin by slide transition?
2. How domore you appea
differling
entiatotethe audien
betw eence.a workbook and a work 2. What do you mean
by ‘moving’ and ‘copying’
5
3. Expla2.inEditin
4. What3.are There
g a slide
the Auto
the are four
differ
requir
Fill featu
enttypes
reesinmovin
optioofnstext
g and2010.
MS Excel
alignm
duplicating text.
sheet?
You Are Here 3. What is meant by text
4. Write the steps to use
alignment? Also, explai
a Format Painter.
a slide?
n its types.
Justified. availa ble ent
in – Right
the Insert, Left, Cente
dialog r and
box? 5. How can you add graph
5. How do you resize a ics to a presentation?
cell in
4. Sometimes you need to write the MS Excel 2010?
Quick recap
6. Give a one-step solutio
either in the form of bullet data in the form of lists. n to copy the text forma
These lists can be selection of the text to t and not the text from
one
s or numbers. another.
5. Slide background helps
you to change the backg
pattern of the slides in the round colour, texture and
LAB WORK
6. Graphics can
presentation. LAB WORK
be used to make a presen
be inserted into the slides tation more interesting.
in the Graphics can
form of pictures and Clip
7. A�
TheCrea
orderteofyour
A� Create a presentation

68
print
Slides out�
can
B� Create an MS Excel
class time
the slides

C� Make a list of the cars

Car name

1. Add another column

2. Use the Auto Fill featur

LAB WORK

A� Write a pseudocode and

MS Word

Create a list
2. ofInput
PRO2010�
can be table
be rearranged either in the
chang inedMS

2010 spreadsheet of a list

1. The list should have the
quantity required and amou
2. Calculate the total amou
Excel
easily

you like in the given form

Company name

before the car name as ‘Seria

JEC T WORK
1. Input three numbers and
youra class.
2010�
after

following headings: item

nt per item.
nt of pocket money spent

Cost

l no.’.
e to generate the serial numb
er.

make a flowchart for the follow

numbeAsk your subje

they maintain in their registr and check
3. Input marks er, such marks, remar
parent-teacher’s meeting and displayaswhethe
at:
Art.
Save it and take a
the presen
Normal View or the Slide

find out the largest of the three.

ct teach
whethe erseven
r it is
r failed or
about
ks,passed
tation is made.
Sorter View.
of purchases for your picnic
name, price per item,

for your picnic items.

Colour

ing in

all the information

or odd.
paren.tal information,
�

PL Lab Work
Practical exercises to enable
application of concepts through
learning-by-doing 70
B� Create a presentation
C� Prepare a presentation
your choice. The presen

achievements

Make a presentation on
on the seven wonders of
on parts of a plant.
on your school. Format

• Brief introduction about

• Infrastructure
• Educational and other

PROJECT WORK
your school

the topic of national festiva

all the features covered in
the chapter.
the world.

slides with slide transitions

tation should focus on the
following points.
• Sports facilities
• Any other important feature

ls. The presentation should

have
of
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4. Display natura etc.l numbe
Insert that5.listDispla rs from 1 to 10. START
in MSyExcel and use
even numbe all the20forma
rs from to 40.tting learnt so far.
6. Input a number and

Project Work
Input A, B
display the next five
consecutive numbers.
7. Input a number and display Is A < B?
No
Display B
95
the table of a number.
B� Given aside is a flowch
Write the pseudocode that
art�
Yes Situational tasks to test practical
Display A
best describes the process�
END application of the concepts learnt Sample

PROJECT WORK Tick (✓) the correct option

.
Paper
SA

Create a chart on the symbo

ls used in flowchart.
1. Which of the following
is not part of a compu
ter network?
a. Process b. Server
WHO AM I? c. Workstation
d. Transmission cables
2. Identify the correct senten
ce(s) about a modem used
in computer networks.
I was born in England in 1815. a. It stands for modulator
demodulator
As a young girl, b. It converts data from
I took an interest in mathem

Sample Paper
digital to analogue and
atics and, in particular, c. Both A and B are correct.
vice versa for effective transmi
ssion.
on Babbage’s work on the analyti
cal engine. d. Both A and B are incorrec
I am considered to be the first t.
computer programmer
ever. I described how Babba 3. The ……. option from

Practice and preparation

ge’s analytical engine directly.
the Start menu is used
for executing a file or
could be programmed. application
a. Accessories
I am ...................................... b. All programs
c. Run d. Gadgets
4. The On-Screen Keyboa

for exams
rd is an important utility
program. It is also known
a. Online keyboard as:
c. Offline keyboard
b. Virtual keyboard
d. Soft keyboard
5. Control Panel can
127 be used to change setting
setting option is not availab s for Windows. Which of
the following
le in it?
a. Keyboard b. Sound c. Motherboard
d. Mail
6. The Region and Langua
ge icon of Control Panel
settings of ………. is used for changing the
a. the display of languag
es b. time c. date

Who Am I?
d. All of these
140

Biographies to inspire Change your password

often, make your
password unique,
long and strong.

young learners Update your operating

system regularly to
defend against bugs

Poster
and viruses.

Accepting emails, files,

pictures or texts from
people you don’t
know can cause
Informative infographics to help
problems.

students stay safe in a connected

Check your privacy

digital environment
settings, so that you
know exactly who can
see what you post on
social media.

When in doubt or fear

tell a trusted adult
straight away.

© Cambridge University
Press 2011, 2014, 2020
C ntents
01 Know Your Computer���������������������������������������������������� 1 ° Cell alignment
° Inserting rows and columns
° Input–Process–Output cycle (IPO cycle) Inserting worksheets
°
° Computer networks Inserting cells
°
° Types of network Resizing row height and column width
°
° Deleting worksheets, rows, columns and cells
02 Using Windows������������������������������������������������������������� 11 ° Alignment of data in a cell

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° Operating system ° Auto Fill options
° Search option ° Editing data
° Run option ° Saving an MS Excel 2010 file
° On-Screen Keyboard ° Opening an already saved MS Excel 2010 file
° Control Panel ° Opening a blank workbook
° Printing an MS Excel 2010 file

°
°
°
°
°
Applications of Microsoft Office

Microsoft Word
Microsoft PowerPoint
Microsoft Excel
PL
03 MS Office at a Glance�������������������������������������������������� 24
Components of the Microsoft Office 2010 window

04 MS Word 2010 – Inserting Objects and Drawing����� 36

°
°
°
Inserting Pictures
Inserting Clip Art
Inserting WordArt
07
°

°
°
°
°
°
°
°
°
Exiting MS Excel 2010

The Internet������������������������������������������������������������������ 97
History of the internet
Who governs the internet?
Services provided by the internet
Basic internet terms
How to start the internet
Internet Explorer
Netiquette
Viruses
M
Inserting page numbers ° Cyber security
°
° Drawing shapes
08 Learning Algorithms�������������������������������������������������� 116
05 MS PowerPoint 2010 – Editing and
° Algorithms
Formatting Slides��������������������������������������������������������� 49 ° Flowcharts
How to edit a slide ° Pseudocode
° Types of programming statements
How to format a slide °
SA

°
° Text alignment
° Bullets and Numbering 09 Introduction to Scratch��������������������������������������������� 128
° How to change the slide Theme ° Why Scratch?
° How to change the Background style ° How to start Scratch
° How to add graphics to a presentation ° Components of the Scratch window
° Inserting audio and video files ° Adding a new Sprite
° How to reorder slides in a presentation ° Steps to start a new project
° Slide transition ° Moving a Sprite
° Slide Show ° Adding sound to a project
° Saving a project
06 Introduction to MS Excel 2010����������������������������������� 72 ° Opening an existing project
° Starting MS Excel 2010 ° How to exit from Scratch
° Key terms Sample Paper�������������������������������������������������������������� 140
° How to insert text, numbers and formulae
 Know Your
Computer

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LEARNING OBJECTIVES
SNAP RECAP
You will learn about:

PL
1. Think about the different types of
computer memory and discuss.
2. Discuss the different uses of
multimedia.

Introduction
• the Input–Process–Output cycle
• the components of a
computer network
• different types of computer
networks
M
The computer is an electronic device capable of solving problems by accepting data,
performing operations on the data, and giving a result. Let us revisit the concepts of
input, process and output.
SA

Input
Input is the raw data given to the
computer using input devices like
the keyboard, mouse and scanner.
Just as you put dirty clothes in a
washing machine, you input the
raw data into a computer.

Input

1
Process
The raw data is manipulated to generate
information by performing certain
operations using the computer’s
processing device, the Central Processing
Unit. It is similar to the processing of
dirty clothes in the washing machine.

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Processing of input

Output
The information generated is known

Output
PL as output. The output information
is given with the help of output
devices like the printer and monitor.
It is similar to clean clothes, after
processing.
M
The Input–Process–Output (IPO) cycle
The three terms ‘input’, ‘process’ and ‘output’ are interrelated. The
information flows from the input device to the processing device and then to
SA

the output device. This whole flow of information follows a cycle known as
the Input–Process–Output (IPO) cycle. This cycle presents the information in
a user-friendly way.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

STORAGE

The Input–Process–Output cycle

2
Information often needs to be kept safe for
later use. This information may be stored
in storage devices like compact discs (CDs),
hard disks, flash drives and memory cards.
Let us study the IPO cycle through the
example given below.

Playing games Storage device

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1. Input: The player’s information given
to the computer along with keys pressed
to run the animations.

PL
2. Process: The speed and direction of the
animations are controlled by pressing
different keys.
3. Output: The effect of pressing different
keys is seen as animations and sound on
the screen.
A child playing a computer game
M
Y
AC TIVIT
SA

A. Think about the process of generating a timetable for your subjects. What
will be the Input, Processing and Output?
1. Input  ……………………………………………………………
2. Processing  ……………………………………………………………
3. Output  ……………………………………………………………

B. Suggest examples of at least three machines from your daily life that
follow the IPO cycle.

3
Computer Networks
The word ‘network’ may be defined as a
collection of computers connected together for
the purpose of sharing information and resources.
For example, sharing one printer among ten
computers through a network is an example of
resource sharing. These interconnected computers
may be within a local area or may cross different Networking concept

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cities or countries.
Computers cannot communicate with each other locally or remotely without
computer networking. Just imagine a bank or an office without computer
networking! How difficult it would be for the employees to communicate
and share data.

PL
In today’s world, networking is essential in bank transactions through ATMs,
online ticketing and reservations, online shopping, etc.
Advantages of networking
Computer networking is needed for the following reasons.
M
1. Limited resources: Instead of connecting a printer to all the computers
separately, you can connect it to the main network. In this way, every
computer can share the printer.
2. Sharing information: Information is centralised and can be made
SA

available to all the computers connected to a network.

3. Lower costs: It reduces cost, as an input device like a scanner and an
output device like a printer can be easily shared.
Components of a computer network
The different parts of a computer network are shown on a diagram on the
next page.
1. Workstations: The individual computers connected to a network to
share data and information are called workstations or terminals.
They can be compared to professionals working together in a group or
in a department to do a specific job.

4
2. Server: The main computer Server Workstations
that controls the functioning
of the entire network is
called the server. It can be
compared to a manager of a
company who manages all
the work and communicates
with the executives.
3. Communication channels:

E
Cables
These are used to connect
the computers in the
network to allow

PL
the computers to communicate
with each other. These channels
can be cables, fiber optics, radio
waves or satellites.
Parts of a computer network

4. Modem: This stands for modulator demodulator. A modem is an

electronic device which allows one computer to send information to
M
another through standard telephone wires and over long distances. It is
required because computers are digital devices and the telephone system
is analogue. The modem converts digital (binary) data to analogue
(continuous) data and vice versa for effective transmission. They can
be fitted inside the computer (internal modem) or placed outside the
SA

computer (external modem).

FACT FILE

The speed of a modem is

calculated in bits per second
a. Internal modem   b. External modem (bps).
Types of modem

5
5. Router: An electronic device that connects two or
more networks and directs the data between them.
6. Bluetooth: A system for connecting electronic
devices, such as mobile phones and computers,
to each other and to the internet using radio
signals. To use this technology, a Bluetooth A router
device is used. For example, Bluetooth
mobile phone headsets.

E
Types of Network
Personal Area Network (PAN)

PL
When the computers and devices that belong
to the same user are interconnected over a
short range, it forms a Personal Area Network
(PAN).
The communication channels in this case are
mainly Bluetooth and Wi-Fi devices.
A Bluetooth mobile
phone headset

For example, your desktop PC, mobile phone

M
and laptop connected to the wireless network at
your home is an example of a PAN.

Local Area Network (LAN) PAN

SA

When the computers are interconnected

Internet
in the same office building, school or
home for sharing information, then it
forms Local Area Network (LAN). Router
A LAN connects computers over a
Switch
relatively short distance. It generally
uses cables as a communication Web server
channel.
Fax
File servers Printer Plotter

LAN
6
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
When the computers are interconnected over an entire city, this forms a
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN). For example, all the branches of a
company are interconnected using a MAN
within the same city. Residential
The cable operator supplies Hospital
the cable television
network using a MAN. Mobile phones
Laptop

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The communication
channel in this case
Municipal
is either cables or
Commercial
satellites.

Wide Area Network (WAN)

PL
When computers are interconnected for
transmitting information over a large
geographical area such as a country, a
continent or even the whole world, it forms
a Wide Area Network (WAN). The internet
Metropolitan Area Network
M
Wide Area Network
is the best example of a WAN. Satellite is
generally used as a communication channel.
SA

Y
AC TIVIT

A. Find out which category of network is used in your computer lab.
B. With the help of your teacher, prepare a PowerPoint presentation on the
parts of a computer network.
C. Double-click on the Network icon on the desktop of your computer. It
will give you a list of the computers connected to your network. Discuss
the types of network available in your school and the terminals connected
to it.

7
 GLOSSARY
Computer network A  network of computers, connected together for sharing
information and resources.
Input The raw data given to a computer.
Internet ‘Internet’ stands for ‘Interconnected network’. It is a huge network of
computers that allows the sharing of data communication services – for
example, email.

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IPO cycle The flow of information from input devices to processing devices to
output devices. IPO stands for ‘Input-Process-Output’.
LAN ‘Local Area Network’. A type of network that connects computers over a
relatively short distance.

PL
MAN ‘Metropolitan Area Network’. A type of network where computers are
interconnected to extend over an entire city.
Modem An electronic device which allows one computer to send information to
another through telephone wires and over long distances.
Output The processed data generated by a computer.
PAN ‘Personal Area Network’. A type of network that connects devices that
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belong to the same user over a short range.
Process Manipulating raw data using a CPU.
Server The main computer that controls the functioning of an entire network.
WAN ‘Wide area network’. A type of network where computers are
interconnected over a large geographical area, like whole countries
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or the world.
Workstation Individual computers on a computer network.

YOU ARE 1. The computer is an electronic device capable of solving a

HERE problem by accepting data, performing operations on the data

1
and giving the result.
2. The information flows from an input device to the processing
device and then to an output device. This flow of information
follows a cycle, which is known as the Input–Process–Output cycle.

8
3. Computer networking is needed to share resources, share information and
reduce costs.
4. You need workstation(s), a server, a communication channel and a modem to
form a network.
5. PAN, LAN, MAN and WAN are common types of network.

E
EXERCISE

A. Fill in the blanks.

PL
1. The three terms input, …………………………… and output are
interrelated.
2. The collection of computers connected together for the purpose of sharing
information and resources is called a …………………………… .
3. The main computer that controls the functioning of the entire network is
called the …………………………… .
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4. Modem stands for …………………………………… .
5. The speed of a modem is calculated in …………………………… .
B. True of false?
1. A WAN connects computers over a relatively short distance.
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2. When computers are interconnected to extend over an

entire city, then it forms a MAN.

3. The internet is the best example of a PAN.

4. Internet stands for interrelated network.

5. Networking is the solution to limited resources and

cost reduction.
C. Explain the difference between the following:
1. Server and workstation 3. Input and output
2. PAN and LAN 4. WAN and MAN
9
 D. Give one word for each of the following:
1. The main computer on a network ……………………………
2. Modulator demodulator  ……………………………
3. A computer on a network ……………………………
4. Information flow cycle ……………………………
5. Connects two or more networks ……………………………
E. Answer the following questions.
1. Define the IPO cycle. Give an example.

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2. What is the importance of a computer network?
3. What is a modem? State the different types.
4. Name the four types of network.

PL
5. On a school network, can you give a print command from ten different
computers to one printer? Justify your answer.

LAB WORK
M
A. Make a list of places you visit in your daily life where you see networking
being used.
B. Find out the type of network used in your school computer lab. Make a note
of it and find out which other network can be used there.
SA

C. Communication channels are used to interconnect computers. These are WIRED

and WIRELESS channels. Use the internet to find out more about these. Create
a PowerPoint presentation to explain these communication channels.

PROJECT WORK
Design an A4 poster showing any one type of network and the connectivity
between the various devices. You can use Paint to create the poster.

10
 Using
Windows

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SNAP RECAP LEARNING OBJECTIVES

………………………………………
……………………………………… PL
1. Define operating system.

2. Explain the difference between a

desktop wallpaper and a screen saver.
………………………………………
You will learn about:
• advantages of the Windows operating
system
• searching for files and folders
• using the Run option
• On-Screen Keyboard
• Control Panel – display,
………………………………………
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mouse, regional settings

Operating System
An operating system acts as an interface between the user and the computer. It
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provides a software platform on which an application program runs.

Microsoft Windows is the most popular and widely used operating system. You will
now learn more about Microsoft Windows. This chapter uses Windows 7. You can
find Windows 10 updates at the end of the chapter.

Advantages of the Windows operating system

Windows is an operating system which supports the Graphical User Interface
environment. All commands can be executed easily and efficiently at a click of
the mouse.

11
 Some of the advantages of Windows as an operating system are listed below.
1. Graphical User Interface: This is also known as a GUI. It offers
graphical icons and visual indicators on its interface as compared to a
text-based interface called a Character User Interface (CUI).
2. Easy to use and learn: Working with Windows is easy as it requires just
a few mouse-clicks to do the work.
3. Multitasking: In Windows, you
can work on multiple programs

E
at the same time. Programs open
in the form of a window, which
can be easily controlled with
the help of the Alt + Tab keys.

PL
For example, you can create
documents and listen to music
on a computer at the same time.

Search Option
Using Alt + Tab keys to view different windows

Have you ever needed to search for a file on your computer? Perhaps you wrote
M
a letter to someone and wanted to see its content again. Maybe you saved a
report on your computer and forgot its location. The Search option is the most
convenient way to find things on your computer. The exact location of the items
does not matter as the search box will search your programs and folders to find
the items you are looking for.
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The Search option can be found as a box in the Start menu. It is mainly used
for searching files and folders stored on the computer disk. It can search for
a document, an application, a computer or a user connected on the network.
The search criteria can also contain text or a
phrase which is a part of the document.
Follow these steps to search for a file or a folder.
1. Click on the Start button. Type here
2. Type the file or folder name or keywords in the to search
search box in the lower-left corner.

Selecting the Search option

12
3. While typing, the items matching your search text will appear in the
Start menu. Click on your chosen file to open it.
To search for a file in a folder or library follow the steps given below.
1. Open the chosen folder or library.
2. Type the file name, or a word or a part of the word contained in the file,
in the search box.
3. All the files containing the word or part of the word will be listed in the
Search Results. Click on the chosen file to open it.

E
PL
Searching for a file in a folder List of files containing the typed keyword
M
Y
AC TIVIT
SA

Complete the following activities.

1. Do you like listening to music while working on a computer? You can open
the Windows Media Player and play your favourite music. Minimise the
window and continue doing your work. While performing this activity, think
what feature of the Windows operating system is being used.
2. Create a music folder containing songs of your choice and then search in this
folder using the Search option. Can you find the song you wish to listen to?

13
 Run Option
The Run option from the Start menu is used for executing a file or an
application directly. For example, the user can open the Paint application
by specifying Paint in the Run dialog box.
Follow the steps given below:
1. Click on Start All Programs Accessories Run option
2. The Run dialog box opens.
3. In this dialog box, type the name of the file or program in the Open text box.

E
4. Click on OK.
5. If the exact location of the program or document is not known, then
click the Browse button and select the program or document from the
specified folder.

PL QUICK KEY

To open the
Run dialog Windows + R
M
box
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Run dialog box

On-Screen Keyboard
The On-Screen Keyboard is an important utility program. It displays a virtual
keyboard on the computer screen which allows the user to use the mouse pointer
to type. The On-Screen Keyboard can also help people who do not know how to
type and for whom using the mouse click is easier than using a keyboard.
Follow these steps to access the On-Screen Keyboard:
1. Click on the Start All Programs Accessories Ease of
Access On-Screen Keyboard option.
2. The On-Screen Keyboard appears on the screen.

14
 TRY THIS FACT FILE

Open the Run dialog box The Online Virtual Keyboard is

and type osk. Click OK. also used for completing online
The On-Screen Keyboard forms, especially bank forms. This
will appear on the screen. is done for security purposes.

E
Y
AC TIVIT

A.

PL
Complete the following activity.
1. Open Paint using the Search option.
2. Create any pattern for the desktop background and write one sentence
on it using the On-Screen Keyboard.
3. Save the file by the name ‘MyDesktop.bmp’.
4. Close the file.
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B. Think why is it safer to use the Online Virtual Keyboard while doing
online banking.

Control Panel View by:

option
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You can use the Control Panel to change

settings for Windows. These settings
control nearly everything about how
Windows looks and works. You can
use the Control Panel to make changes
to the look and settings of Windows,
including the color of your desktop,
windows, hardware and software setup
and configuration, network, internet,
etc. You can also change the appearance
of icons in the Control Panel window
using the View by option. Control Panel window
15
 The name of an application may vary with the version of an operating
system. For example, in Windows XP, you see Display, while the same
option in Windows 7 is Personalization.

Personalization icon
In Windows 7, the Personalization
icon of the Control Panel is used for
changing the appearance of the desktop

E
such as the background, screen saver,
colors and sounds.
Follow these steps to change the theme
of a desktop:
1. Click on Start

PL
Control Panel.
2. In the Control Panel window, select
the Personalization icon.
3. The Personalization window opens.
Personalization window

A theme is a background with a set of sounds, icons and other elements

M
that helps you to customise your computer.
4. Click on the theme of your choice from the categories given.
The computer will ask you to wait for some time showing
the Please Wait box and then the selected theme will be applied.
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5. You can further enhance your theme

effects using options like selecting
specific pictures, Picture position,
Change picture every, Shuff le
checkbox (when active) in the
Desktop Background window.
6. You can also change the color
of your window and add sound
effects using the Window Color
and Sounds options in the
Personalization window. Selecting themes for the desktop

16
Mouse settings
You can change the mouse settings such as button configuration, double-click
speed, mouse pointer shape, motion speed and trails with the help of the
mouse icon.
Follow these steps to change the mouse settings for button configuration:
1. Click on Start Control Panel.
2. In the Control Panel window, click on the
Mouse icon.

E
3. The Mouse Properties window opens.
4. Click on the Buttons tab.
5. In the Button configuration section, the default

PL
use of the mouse is set for right-handed
people. That is, the left button for click and
double-click, and the right button for shortcut Using Mouse Properties window
menus. But if you want to reverse the buttons, then click on the Switch
primary and secondary buttons checkbox.
6. You can also change the speed of double-click by dragging the pointer
either to the right or left in the Double-click speed section.
M
7. Click on the Turn on ClickLock option in the ClickLock section, if you
want to drag the mouse without holding down the mouse button.
8. Click on Apply and then click on OK.
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Follow these steps to change the shape of the

mouse pointer:
1. Click on Start Control Panel
Mouse icon.
2. Click on the Pointers tab.
3. Select the chosen option from the
predefined set of mouse pointers available
on the Scheme drop-down list.
4. Based on the category selected, a list of
mouse pointers will be displayed in the
Using the Pointer tab of
Customize section.
Mouse Properties
17
 5. If you want a pointer shadow then
click on the Enable pointer shadow
checkbox.
6. Click on Apply and then click on OK.
Follow these steps to change the Pointer
Options of the mouse:
1. Click on Start Control Panel
Mouse icon.

E
2. Click on the Pointer Options tab.
3. Select the chosen pointer speed by Pointer Options of Mouse Properties
dragging the pointer either to the left to

the Motion section.

PL
slow the pointer down or to the right to make the pointer move faster in

4. If you want the mouse pointer to point to the default button in a dialog
box, then click on the Automatically move pointer to the default
button in a dialog box checkbox in the Snap To section.
5. Select the Display pointer trails checkbox in the Visibility section if
you want the pointer to trail the mouse on the screen.
M
6. If you want the mouse pointer not to be visible when you type, then click
on the Hide pointer while typing checkbox.
7. Click on Apply and then click on OK.
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Region and Language icon

The Region and Language icon is used
for changing the settings of the display
of languages, numbers, time and date.
Follow the steps given below:
1. Click on Start Control Panel.
2. In Control Panel window, click on
the Regional and Language icon.
3. The Region and Language dialog
box opens. Region and Language dialog box

18
4. The date and time formats can be changed from the respective drop-down
lists in the Date and time formats section.
5. Click on Apply and then click on OK.

Y
AC TIVIT

E
Complete the following activity.
1. Open the Personalization window using the Control Panel.

PL
2. Use the file ‘MyDesktop.bmp’ created in the previous activity in Paint and
set it as the Desktop background.
3. Change the mouse settings by increasing the double-click speed, apply the
mouse trail and change the shape of the mouse pointer.
4. Change the time to the 24 hours format.
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GLOSSARY
Desktop background An image used as a background on a computer screen.
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Graphical User Interface (GUI) An interface that uses graphical icons and
visual indicators rather than text.
Multitasking The ability to do more than one thing on a computer at a time.
Theme A background with a set of sound, icons and other elements that helps
you to customise your computer.
Virtual keyboard A utility program that displays an on-screen keyboard
allowing the mouse pointer to type.

19
 YOU ARE 1. An operating system acts as an interface between the user and
HERE the machine.

2 2. Windows is an operating system which supports the Graphical

User Interface environment. All commands can be executed
easily and efficiently with a mouse-click.
3. The Search box is located in the Start menu. It is mainly used to search for
files and folders stored on a computer disk.
4. The Run option located in the Start button is used for executing a file or

E
application directly.
5. The Control Panel allows the user to display and make changes to various
basic settings of the computer system.
6. The Personalization icon located in the Control Panel is used for changing

PL
the appearance of the desktop such as the background, screen saver, colors
and sounds.
7. The Mouse icon in the Control Panel is used for changing the mouse
settings, such as the button configuration, double-click speed, mouse pointer
shape and motion speed and trails.
8. The Region and Language icon of the Control Panel is used for changing the
settings of the display of languages, numbers, time and date.
M
SA

EXERCISE

A. True or false?
1. Personalization settings save the file from unwanted damage.

2. The On-Screen Keyboard is not an important utility program.

3. The Search option is located in the Start menu.

4. Windows is a Graphics User Interface.

5. The Run option is located on the desktop.

20
B. Solve the crossword using the clues given.
1
2

Across
3
2. The On-Screen Keyboard displays
4 5 a …………… keyboard on the
computer screen.
6 4. Alt + …………… keys are used

E
to control open windows on the
desktop.
6. The…………… icon of the
Control Panel is used for changing
7

Down PL the appearance of the desktop.

7. …………… is used to change
settings for windows.

1. The …………… from the Start button is used for executing a file or
application directly.
3. We use …………… to work on multiple programs for Windows.
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4. …………… is a background with a set of sound, icons and other elements
that helps you to customise your computer.
5. The full form of GUI is …………… User Interface.

C. Give one word for each of the following:

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1. The option used in the Start menu to execute

a file or an application directly. …………………………
2. A virtual keyboard. …………………………
3. The icon used for setting a Screen saver in
the Control Panel. …………………………
4. The option used for locating the files and
folders stored on a computer disk. …………………………
5. The icon used for changing the date and
time settings in the Control Panel. …………………………

21
 D. Answer the following questions.
1. State any three advantages of using Windows as an operating system.
2. Why do you use the Run option in the Start menu?
3. What is the use of the search box in the Start menu?
4. What are the icons available in the Control Panel?
5. Discuss the usage of the Region and Language icon.

E
LAB WORK

Complete the following activity.

PL
1. Find the icons present on your desktop and make a list of them in your
notebook.
2. Design a poster on Microsoft Word or Paint to describe the features of your
favourite icon.
3. Change the desktop wallpaper and screen saver of your computer.
4. Before leaving the lab, reset the settings to default.
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PROJECT WORK
SA

Open the Control Panel on your computer and explore different features. Design a
presentation to provide ten tips to keep your system organised.

WHO AM I?
I was born on 28 September 1925 in Chippewa Falls, USA.
I have worked extensively on computer technologies ranging
from vacuum tubes and magnetic amplifiers to transistors. I
designed the first fully transistorised computers.
I also created the first supercomputer, named Cray-1 in 1976.
I am .......................................

22
 Windows 10
Updates
• Windows 7 was designed for
desktops and laptops but Windows
10 as an operating system is
available for all devices such as PCs,

E
laptops, mobiles, tablets and Xbox.
• The Search button on the taskbar
says ‘Type here to search’ or
‘Search the web and Windows’ or

PL
‘Search Windows’ depending on the
version of Windows 10.
• Cortana is a personal digital
assistant created by Microsoft
just like Siri in Apple devices.
These can set reminders, find
files, search information on the
M
internet and do many other tasks.
• The Control Panel is more
organised compared to
Windows 7.
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• The Personalization window can be accessed in two ways:

Start Control panel
Appearance and
Personalization
Right click on Desktop
Personalize option
• Click on Start Control
Panel Clock and Region
to change Date and Time format.

23