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How-To Create Structural Complexity Map

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How-To Create Structural Complexity Map

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Mokrani Omar
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Oasis montaj How-To Guide

CET Grid Analysis - Create a Structural Complexity Map


The software described in this manual is furnished under license and may only be used or copied in
accordance with the terms of the license.
Manual release date: April-17-12.
Please send comments or questions to [email protected]
© 2012 Geosoft Inc. All rights reserved. Geosoft is a registered trademark and Oasis montaj is a
registered trademark of Geosoft Inc. Other brand and product names mentioned herein are properties of
their respective trademark owners. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system or transmitted, in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, reading, or
otherwise, without prior consent from Geosoft Inc.
The software described in this manual is furnished under license and may only be used or copied in
accordance with the terms of the license. OM.h.2012.04
Windows™, and Windows NT are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
Geosoft Incorporated
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How to Create a Structural Complexity Map
The CET Grid Analysis system analyses the texture of an image to detect areas of structural
complexity in green field exploration. The Structural Complexity analysis is used to locate deposit-
occurrence favourability.
Prior knowledge of empirical relations between geological features and deposits of interest allows to
refine the outcome. This method identifies magnetic discontinuities using a combination of texture
analysis and bilateral symmetric feature detection. It then identifies regions of discontinuity and
analyses structural associations to locate crossing, junctions, and change of direction in the strike.
Finally, by measuring the density of structural contacts and the diversity in the strike structures as a heat
map, it facilitates picking the areas that are perceived to be prospective. Magnetic field data delineates
the geologic structure relatively well and is best suited for this purpose. Nonetheless, since the workflow
is directly applied to gridded datasets, any geophysical data sensitive to the geological structure could
be subjected to this process to delineate ridges or edges of the geologic structure.

When using magnetic data in this process, it is highly recommended to pole reduce the data first
so that the anomalies are shifted over their causative structures.

Start by creating an Oasis montaj workspace and load the MAGMAP and CET Grid Analysis menus.

To Pole Reduce the Magnetic Grid Data


1. From the MAGMAP menu, select MAGMAP 1-Step Filtering.
2. Specify your input magnetic grid, the output pole reduced grid,and the relevant geomagnetic field
parameters.
 .

3. Click OK and the pole reduced grid will appear.


How to Create a Structural Complexity Map

To Generate the Lineament

For more information on how to use MAGMAP see the MAGMAP Filtering Tutorial.

To Generate the Lineament


1. From the CET Grid Analysis menu, select Texture Analysis | Standard Deviation.
The Standard Deviation dialog is displayed.

A running window generates a measure of randomness of the texture. Two statistical


methods are supplied:
E = − Σ i = 1 Np i log p
Entropy method: i

σ= 1 / N Σ x i − µ 2 
( )
Standard Deviation method:  
The standard deviation method provides a smoother representation of the degree of
randomness, that overcomes the inherent noise in the data.

2. For Input filename (grid), select the pole reduced magnetic grid; for Output filename (grid), enter
Standard Deviation.
3. The Window Size defines the size of the window for the running Standard Deviation calculation.
Accept the default of 5 grid cells as it covers well the linear features of interest.
If your structural features are not adequately covered by 5 cells, then increase this number to

2 | Oasis montaj How-To Guide www.geosoft.com


How to Create a Structural Complexity Map

To Detect the Ridges along the Linear Features

cover the width of the anomalies of interest. This number should be an odd number.

To Detect the Ridges along the Linear Features


1. From the CET Grid Analysis menu, select Lineation Detection | Phase Symmetry
(ridges/valleys).
The Phase Symmetry (Ridges/Valleys) dialog is displayed.
2. For Input filename (grid), provide the standard deviation statistical grid StandardDeviation.grd.
The output file will be a normalized grid in the range of 0-1, this being a measure of the
symmetricity of the signal at each grid cell. This entry will be automatically filled.
3. Select the Smallest Filter Wavelength as 5 cells, and the Number of Filter scales as 5. Then set
the Symmetry Robustness to 3. Since the dykes seem all to have a positive magnetic response,
you will specifically focus only on the Positive features.

www.geosoft.com Oasis montaj How-To Guide | 3


How to Create a Structural Complexity Map

To Vectorize the Digital Normalized Grid

4. Click OK and the formalized lineament grid will appear.

To Vectorize the Digital Normalized Grid


This digital normalized grid should be vectorized in 2 steps:.
1. To narrow down the lineations, from the CET Grid Analysis menu, select Lineation
Vectorisation | Amplitude Thresholding.
The Amplitude Thresholding dialog is displayed.
Set the Threshold to mean +2 Standard Deviations (0.1), and the Output Ridge Width to 5 cells
and click OK.
2. The output is still an image and requires vectorization. For this purpose, from the CET Grid
Analysis menu, select Lineation Vectorisation | Skeletonisation (line thinning).
The Skeletonisation (Line Thinning) dialog is displayed.
Accept the defaults.
3. Click OK to generate a database of the lineations.
4. To plot the lineations on the original mag data, from the Map tools menu, select Line Path.
The Line path plot dialog is displayed.
5. Set the Label location to None and accept the other defaults.

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How to Create a Structural Complexity Map

To Vectorize the Lineaments into Short Linear Segments

6. Click OK to see the lineations depicting the ridges of the linear features on the original map.

To Vectorize the Lineaments into Short Linear Segments


This is done as a preamble to finding where the linear structures intercept or change direction.
Historically, these are areas with a high prospect for mineralization.
1. From the CET Grid Analysismenu, select Linear Vectorization | Skeleton to Vectors.
The Skeleton to Vectors dialog is displayed.
Accept all the defaults. This process will produce a database with straight line segments.

2. Then from the CET Grid Analysis menu, select Structural Complexity | Contact Occurence
Density.

www.geosoft.com Oasis montaj How-To Guide | 5


How to Create a Structural Complexity Map

To Vectorize the Lineaments into Short Linear Segments

The Contact Occurence Density dialog is displayed.


3. Decrease the contact voting influence to 3 to pick the localized junctions, as indicated in pink in
the previous image.
4. Finally, from the same submenu, run the Orientation Entropy for all directions.
The Orientation Entropy dialog is displayed.
Accept all the defaults.
The generated map indicates areas of junction high density in red. These are areas favourable for
hosting deposits of interest and could be further explored in more detail.

6 | Oasis montaj How-To Guide www.geosoft.com

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