Q.N.

1
The following table shows the body mass (kg) of 40 students in a college
Body mass 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70
No. of students 5 X 16 Y
a. Find the value of x if the degree of a pie-chart for second class is 108 degree.
(3 marks).
b. Obtain y and the relative frequency of the fourth mass (3 marks)
c. Draw a pie-chart to represent the above data. (4 marks)

Answer;
Given,
Total mass (total frequency) is 40.
Body mass No. of students
30-40 5
40-50 X
50-60 16
60-70 Y

a)
Central angle of X = 108
We know,
Central angle = (value of frequency / total frequency)*360
108 = (value of frequency/40)*360
Value of frequency = (108*40)/360
= 12
So, the value of X is 12

b)
We know ,
Value of Y is = 40 – (5 + X + 16)
= 40 – (5 +12 +16)
=7
So, the value of Y is 7.
Again,
Relative frequency of fourth class = (class frequency/sample size)
 = 7/40
=0.175
So, the relative frequency of the forth class is 0.175

c)

No. of students

5; 13%
7; 18%

30-40
40-50
50-60
60-70

12; 30%

16; 40%

Q.N.2
The following data shows the ages of heart patients in a hospital
56 48 48 53 52 66 48 46 33 39 49 30
35 58 62 45 60 69 54 38 72 45 51 56
72 46 39 53 55 56 32 44 60 51 73 63
50 70 56 70
a. By using 30 as the lower limit of the first class and 7 as the width of each
class, construct a frequency distribution table. (4 marks)
b. Draw a histogram hence estimates the mode by using mode (3 marks)
c. Draw a less than and more than ogives and estimate the median value to the
one decimal point from the ogives. (4 marks)

Answer;
 a)
Given;
Lower limit of first class = 30
Class width = 7

Class Frequency
30 - 36 4
37 - 43 3
44 - 50 10
51 - 57 11
58 - 64 5
65 - 71 4
72 - 78 3

b)

Heart Patient's age Histogram

8
Frequency

6
5
4 4
4
3 3

0
30-36 37-43 44-50 51-57 58-64 65-71 72-78

ages

Fig ; Histogram

From figure ,
Modal interval is 51-57
So, L=51, i=7,
D1=11-10 =1,
D2=11-5 =5
Now we know,
D1
Mode= L+ D1+ D 2 *i
1
= 51+ 1+ 5 *7
=51+1.16
=52.16
So the value of mode is 52.16

c)

ogive curve
least cf more cf

45

40

35

30

25
Frequency

20

15

10

0
3 0 -3 6 3 7 -4 3 4 4 -5 0 5 1 -5 7 5 8 -6 4 6 5 -7 1 7 2 -7 8

Group Ages Of Heart Patient

Fig; Ogive Curve(less than, more than)

Q.N.3
An experiment was conducted by James Choi, David Laibson and Brigitte
Madrian to study choices in fund section. Suppose 100 undergraduate
students and 100 MBA students were selected. When presents with four S&P
500 Index funds that were identical except for their fees, undergraduate and
MBA students chose the funds as follows:
FUND Student Group
Undergraduate MBA
Lowest cost fund 19 19
Second –lowest cost fund 37 40
Third – lowest cost fund 17 23
Highest – cost fund 27 18
If a student is selected at random, what is the probability that he or she
a. selected the undergraduate students? (1 mark)
b. selected the lowest or second lowest cost fund? (1 mark)
c. selected the lowest cost fund and is an undergraduate? (1 mark)
d. selected the lowest cost fund or is an undergraduate? (1 mark)
e. given that the student is an undergraduate, what is the probability that
he or she selected the highest cost fund?
(1 mark)
f. Do you think undergraduate students and funds are independent events
explain your answer? (2 marks)

Answer;
 FUND Student Group
Undergraduate MBA Total
Lowest cost fund 19 19 38
Second- Lowest cost 37 40 77
fund
Third- Lowest cost fund 17 23 40
Highest- cost fund 27 18 45

Total 100 100 200

a.

The probability that he or she is undergraduate students P(U) = 100/200

b.

The probability that he or she selected the lowest or second lowest cost fund
P(L U SL) = P(L) + P(SL)
= 38/200 + 77/200
= 115/200

c.

The probability that he or she selected the lowest cost fund and is an undergraduate
P(L n U) = 19/200

d.
The probability that he or she selected the lowest cost fund or is an undergraduate
P(L U U) = P(L) + P(U) – P(L n U)
= 38/200 + 100/200 - 19/200
= 119/200

e.

The probability that he or she selected the highest cost fund given that the student
is an undergraduate
P(H/U) = P(H n U)/P(U)
=(27/200) / 100/200
= 27/100

f.
Let U & L be the events of undergraduate and lowest cost fund respectively.
P(U) = 100/200
P(U/L) = P(U n L) / P(L)
= (19/200) / (38/200)
= 0.5

Therefore, P(U) = P(U/L) = 0.5 So, they are independent events.

Q.N.4
Following are the marks secured by Mr.A and Mr.B in 10 tests of 50 marks
each
Test 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Marks
Secured by A 24 37 27 30 31 34 36 26 29 33
Marks
Secured by B 22 40 35 24 26 36 34 28 30 27
a. If the consistency of performance is the criteria for awarding a prize. Who
should be awarded by the prize? (5 marks)
b. Who is better? (2 marks)
c. Who is more intelligent? (3 marks)

Answer;
Marks secured by A Marks secured by B
X X2 Y Y2 First arranging marks secured by A
24 576 22 484 and B in ascending order.
26 676 24 576
27 729 26 676
29 841 27 729
30 900 28 784 a)Ans:
31 961 30 900 For Mr.A ;
33 1089 34 1156
34 1156 35 1225
36 1296 36 1296
37 1369 40 1600
∑X=307 ∑X2=9593 ∑Y=302 ∑Y2=9426
 Σ x2 Σx 2
Standard deviation (S.D) = σ =
√ ( )N
−
N
2
9593 307
=
√ 10 −( 10 )
= √ 16.81
= 4.1
Σx
Now, Mean x́= N
=307/10
=30.7
C.V = S.D/Mean * 100%
= 4.1/30.7*100
= 13.35%
For Mr.B:

Σ y 2 Σy 2
Standard deviation (S.D) = σ =
N√ −
N ( )
2
9426 302
=
√ 10 ( 10 )
=√ 30.56
−

=5.52
Σy
Now, Mean x́= N
=302/10
=30.2
C.V = S.D/Mean * 100%
= 5.52/30.2*100
= 18.27%
Since the coefficient of variance (C.V ) of Mr.A is way less than Mr.B .So, Mr.A
should be awarded with the prize.

b) Ans:
Mean of Mr.A = 30.7
Mean of Mr.B = 30.2
Since mean of Mr.A is greater than mean of Mr.A is better than Mr.B.
c) Ans:
For Mr.A:
Median = ( N2+1 )th term
10+1
=( 2 )th term
= 5.5th term
Since there are two values Median = (30+31)/2
=30.5
For Mr.B:
Median = ( N2+1 )th term
10+1
=( 2 )th term
= 5.5th term
Since there are two values Median = (28+30)/2
=29
Hence, Median of the Mr.A is higher than Mr.B. Mr.A is more intelligent than
Mr.B.

Q.N.5
a. According to the data from American Medical Association 15 %of US are
left-handed.
i. If 4 people are randomly selected (4 marks)
• What is the probability that they are all left- handed?
• What is the probability that at least one of them is left-handed?
ii. If groups of 50 people are randomly selected (4 marks)
• What is the mean number of left-handed people in such group?
• What is the standar5d deviation for the numbers of left-handed people in
such groups?
b. The quality control manager of certain company is inspecting batch of
chocolate chip cookies that have just been baked. If the production process is
in control, the average number of chip parts per cookies is 6. What is the
probability that in any particular cookies being inspected?
i. At most three chip parts will be found? (2 marks)
ii. None of the chip parts will be found? ` (2 marks)
Answer;
a)
Given ,
The probability of being left-handed P(L) = 15/100
=0.15
No. of trails (n) = 4
q = 1-p
=1-0.15
=0.85

i)Ans:

No. of trails (n) = 4
probability that they all are left handed is P(X=4) = n C r∗pr∗q n−r
= 4C 4∗0.154∗0.854 −4
=1*0.0005*1
= 0.0005

the probability that at least one of them is left-handed is P(X>=1)= 1-P(X<0)
=1 – (4C 0∗0.150∗0.854 −0)
= 1 – (1* 1* 0.522)
=0.478
ii)Ans:
no. of trails (n) = 50

mean = n*p
= 50*0.15
=7.5
Variance = n*p*q
= 50*0.15*0.85
= 6.375

Standard deviation (S.D) = √ n∗p∗q
=√ 6.375
= 2.524

b)
Given,
Mean ( λ ) = 6
According to POISSON Distribution;
i)Ans:
P(X <= 3) =P(X=3)+P(X=2)+P(X=1)+P(X=0)
ⅇ−6 ⋅6 3 ⅇ−6 ⋅6 2 ⅇ−6 ⋅6 1 ⅇ−6 ⋅ 60
= + + +
3! 2! 1! 0!
=0.089+0.045+0.015+0.0024
= 0.15
ii)Ans:
ⅇ−6 ⋅6 0
P(X=0) =
0!
= 0.0024
Therefore, the probability of getting at most three chip parts is 0.15 where as the
probability of getting none of the chip part is 0.0024.