Mark Dave C.

Ugsid
Grade 10 – Galileo
Science 10

MODULE 4
LESSON 2
What I Have Learned
1. Using the equation 1/f = 1/p + 1/q, for all locations in front of a convex mirror,
where does the image seem to appear always? Explain. (5 pts.)
- The image would seem to appear always between the focal point and the Vertex.
The image produce by a convex mirror will always be a virtual image. This is
proven with the sign convention for mirrors in which when the lens used in a
problem is convex it would be presented as negative. And when the value of the
distance of an object from the mirror and height of the image are negative then
the image created is virtual. Thus, using the equation 1/f = 1/p + 1/q in all
possible location and having just one of the given variables a negative value then
the image us surely convex.

2. It is therefore considered that the value of image distance, q is negative. What does
the negative value for image distance mean? (5 pts.)
- When the value of the image distance is presented in negative then its value
indicates that the image is located behind the mirror — a virtual image.

3. In the same manner, the focus, F in a concave mirror is located on the other side of
the mirror (behind the mirror), thus the focal length is also negative. What is meant
by the negative value of a focal length in a concave mirror?
- Just the same as the value of distance presented in negative, if the focus is
behind the mirror and it is also negative then it is no doubt that the image
produced is virtual. Concave mirrors produce virtual images where the parallel
incident rays diverge one another and the reflected rays form the focus behind
the mirror, thus creating the lateral inversion phenomenon in which the right side
of the object becomes left in the image and vice versa.
Assessment
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. A
5. D
6. A
7. A
8. A
9. B
10. D
11. B
12. D
13. A
14. C
15. A
LESSON 3
What I Have Learned
1. What happens to the image size and its location as the object comes nearer the
concave lens? convex lens?
- For the concave lens, when the object is far from the mirror, the image is inverted
and at the focal point. The image is real light rays actually focus at the image
location). As the object moves towards the mirror the image location moves
further away from the mirror and the image size grows (but the image is still
inverted). makes an object look smaller and closer when it is far from sight, but as
an object approaches nearer the lens it would make the object look larger and
farther from the lens. While for convex lenses, as an object comes nearer it looks
smaller and nearer.

2. A concave lens is also called diverging lens. Why? A convex lens as also called
converging lens. Why? Explain.
- Concave lens is also called diverging lens because of the thick edges and thin
center of its lens causing the passing parallel rays of light bend the edges of the
lens and the light rays diverging. As to the reason of convex lens being called as
converging lens is due to the thickness of lens in the center part rather on the
edges inducing the parallel rays of light passing through it bend towards the
center and making the focal point which is where the light rays converged.

3. How can lenses used to correct the following vision defects?

- Nearsightedness, or myopia, is the inability to see distant objects and is corrected
with a diverging lens to reduce power. Farsightedness, or hyperopia, is the
inability to see close objects and is corrected with a converging lens to increase
power

a. Farsightedness?
- Farsightedness is fixed with convex lenses. The eyeball of a farsighted person is
too short, making the image focused behind the retina. This means the light rays
are converging at the back of the retina making close-up objects or images
blurry. In addition, Correction of farsightedness uses a converging lens that
compensates for the under convergence by the eye. The converging lens
produces an image farther from the eye than the object, so that the farsighted
person can see it clearly. Convex lenses produce images that look farther from
the eye than the object compensating the lack of convergence from the eye.

b. Nearsightedness?
- Nearsightedness is suffered because the eyeball of a person is too long causing
the light rays to bend incorrectly making the images get focused in front of the
retina. This then resulted the vision of a person to be blurry when looking at a far
direction. Concave lens help nearsightedness by diverging the passing parallel
rays of light coming from the far direction of an object. What will happen is that
the refracted light rays are spread out and focal points have been lengthened so
the image can be formed in the retina.
Assessment
1. A 10. B
2. D 11. D
3. B 12. C
4. A 13. A
5. A 14. D
6. B 15. C
7. C
8. D
9. D

MODULE 5
L1: WHAT I HAVE LEARNED
1. Cite at least 5 devices or establishments where plane mirrors are commonly
used?
 Elevators – It is installed in elevators to distract people and give them
something to look at while they waited.
 Fitting rooms in Malls/thrift shops – A looking glass is an object displayed in
fitting rooms with a surface so reflective that who ever is looking at it can see
their reflections.
 Periscopes and kaleidoscopes – The mirror used in periscopes reflect the
images of any ships present on the surface of the sea that might block their
way or could go along with them.
 Shaving Mirror – It is essential to see our reflection while shaving our face or
whatsoever. In addition, a shave is used also to see our reflection in doing our
make up, tooth brushing our teeth and any stuffs.
 Auto Mobiles – Vehicles use mirrors in their head lights for reflecting powerful
parallel beams and even used in overhead projectors for the same reason.

2. What is the importance of using plane mirrors in elevators?

- Back in the days where the elevators were new to the eyes of people, all of the
people could ever think of was their natural fear of falling when riding an
elevator; suspended mid-air with nothing but cables. Also, the people who’ll ride
the elevator would have nothing to look at as it is just an empty and hollow
surface inside of it, nothing to be concerned of which generates their fear of
falling since their minds was way focused and centralized on it too, the fear from
falling. Thus, mirrors were installed in order to distract people and give them
something to look at while they waited. It also helps some people who have
claustrophobia to deal with their journey within the box. Fun fact, one of the
purpose of having mirrors within the lift is to allow you to see what everyone is
doing.
M5 L1 ASSESSMENT

1. Why is the word ‘ambulance’ written in reverse in emergency vehicles?

- Technically, the word ‘AMBULANCE’ on the hospital vans/vehicles is written in the
front from of its mirror image in reverse manner as for any vehicle which is ahead
of ambulance van can see the laterally inverted alphabets correctly from his rear-
view mirror and make way for it to pass through. In that way, it won’t cause any
delay, and enable ambulances to reach the hospital quickly. Imagine where the
word ‘AMBULANCE’ was not written in reverse manner, the drivers ahead of the
hospital vehicle would have to turn their head manually to see if there is any
ambulance coming on their way, that would be too risky and could possibly
result in great trouble.

LESSON 2: ASSESSMENT

1. E 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B
WHAT I CAN DO:

“Mirror and Lenses”

Composed by: Mark Ugsid
Dubbed Song/Music: Reflection by Lea Salonga

Who is that boy I see

Staring straight back at me?
[Oh it’s me]
What is this stuff I am looking at?
A mirror!

In this module, I,
I have learned, lenses
Concave, Convex or could be Plane!
I will show the world
What's inside my brain

Knowledge I will share,

Why ‘Ambulance’ is written in reverse manner
Curvature, Focal Point, Vertex
Sounds crazy but engrossing

Now that I learned all of these

This curios me won’t be nosy anymore,
Asking ‘this and that’
When will my reflection show again?
Oops, plane mirror I see--
This must be me, smiling and blooming…

M5: L3: ASSESSMENT

1. A
2. A
3. A
4. B
5. B

B. ESSAY
1. HOW ARE LENSES USED IN EVERYDAY LIFE? EXPLAIN.
- Lenses are imperative in one’s life. It is somehow a key ingredient to fill out the missing parts of
what people are doing in their field of work. Convex lens is used in microscopes and magnifying
glass, lens in camera, side-view mirror and etc. While concave are placed in telescopes and
binoculars, used in doors as peepholes, flashlights, cameras and etc. Those who are unlucky who
were born without sharp visions would remain unlucky. They couldn’t be able to see the beauty of
the world. The safety that lenses and mirrors lend in drivers on driving a car wouldn’t be possible if
it wasn’t for these things. By seeing those many purposes of lenses aforementioned, I can say that
it can be use in almost everything. It is indeed a very helpful thing. Without the invention of these
lenses, the world is incomplete.