TEST 13

PART I: LEXICO-GRAMMAR (50 points)

Question 1: Choose the most suitable word or phrase (A, B, C, or D) to fill in each blank (20
points)
1. Little did I imagine The Amazing race would entail long-winded journeys and ups and downs
_____ .
A. aplenty B. inexhaustibly C. profusely D. superabundant
2. It stands to reason that a touch of humour and optimism can work ______ .
A. on all cylinders B. spectacles C. wonders D. your fingers to the bone
3. The comforting news from my sister was a real_____ off my mind.
A. stone B. deal C. load D. mass
4. He was claimed to be unskilled writer, but his latest works have definitely ______ witness to his
great talent.
A. constituted B. borne C. dealt D. displayed
5. Jenny has been on a diet, but she can't resist her _______ for sweets now and then.
A. inclination B. craving C. attraction D. tendency
6. The flights are full at the moment, so you'll have to _____ .
A. run a stroke of luck B. get a better luck
C. be down on your luck D. take pot luck
7. Jane really _____ it on thick when she told the boss that she was not feeling very well.
Unfortunately for her, he realized immediately that she just wanted the afternoon off.
A. put B. spread C. laid D. painted
8. With _____ , it's easy to see that a mistake has been made.
A. rear view B. overlook C. retrospect D. hindsight
9. You are not supposed to park on the hard _____ except in an emergency.
A. lane B. shoulder C. leg D. area
10. The little children watched the performance in __________ amazement.
A. wide-eyed B. open-eyed C. eagle-eyed D. hawk-eyed
11. We are on the __________ of a new era in medicine so a number of diseases will be eliminated
soon.
A. frontier B. gateway C. threshold D. forefront
12. We could feel the _____ effect of the oil spill on the fauna and flora of the island years after
that.
A. backwash B. backlash C. backlog D. backsliding
13. We should never have quarreled like that. Let's burry the _____ and forget all about it.
A. axe B. argument C. hatchet D. subject
14. It's as if that silly argument we had has driven a _______ between us and we've lost all our old
closeness.
A. ledge B. wedge C. plank D. beam
15. Tamara has set her _______ on becoming a ballet-dancer.
A. feet B. brain C. head D. heart
16. That Mary is an ______ liar: you must take what she says with a small grain of salt.
A. incorrigible B. incurable C. irredeemable D. irremediable
17. Unanswered, the demands for nuclear deterrents have ______ fears of civil war.
A. flashed up B. prognosticated C. sidetracked D. stoked up
18. Unfortunately, his report doesn't _______ with what we've learnt from other sources.
A. ally B. pally C. rally D. tally
19. It's always nice to see Bella — she's such a _______ of sunshine.
A. light B. ray C. glow D. beam
20. Before their restoration, parts of the medieval building were in a state of ______.
A. debris B. dilapidation C. devastation D. destruction
Your answers
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

Question 2: Identify 10 errors in the following passage and correct them.(10pts)

If there is one characteristic of British work in the arts that seems to stand out is its shortage
of identification with wider intellectual trends. Playwrights and directors can be left-wing in their
political look-out, but the plays they produce rarely convey a straightforward message. The same is
largely true of British novelists and poets. Their writing is naturalistic and is not connected to
particular intellectual movements. The theatre had always been very strong in Britain, especially in
London. The country’s most successful playwrights are those who explore the darker side of the
personality and of personal relationships. In contrast, the cinema in Britain is often regarded as not
quite part of the arts in all, it is simply entertainment. Britain is unique between the large European
countries in giving mostly no financial help to their film industry. Classical music is also a minority
interest. British seem disinterested in high education, they watch lots of television, but are
enthusiastic readers. The vast majority of books reading in Britain are not classified as serious
literature.
Your answers:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. _____________
_____________ _____________ _____________ _____________

6. 7. 8. 9. 10._____________
_____________ _____________ _____________ _____________

Question 4: Complete each of the following sentences with one suitable preposition or particle.
(10 points)
1. My plans for starting a restaurant fell __________ for lack of capital.
2. After the flood, hundreds of volunteers came __________ with offers of assistance.
3. Don’t waste time brooding ________ your past failures.
4. I won’t concede ________ your demand.
5. Don’t dally ________ a woman’s affections.
6. The factory owner is not in the habit of fraternizing ___ ____ his workers.
7. If you have a grievance ____ the company, please lodge a formal written complaint.
8. He was deaf __________ my requests for help.
9. Peter’s in hospital again. The poor chap seems prone__________ accidents.
10. When the police discovered his history of drunk driving, they took __________ his driver’s
license and kept him under control.

Your answers
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

PART III: READING (50 points)

Part 1: For questions 1–10, read the following passage and decide which answer (A, B, C, or D)
best fits each gap. Write your answers in corresponding numbered boxes. (10 pts)
Those who _______________ (1) for a vegetarian diet must usually _______________ (2) up a
variety of aspect concerning the nutritional value of vegetables and the adequacy of vegetarian
meals in terms of the number of _______________ (3) provided to the body. Vegetarianism is not a
new concept, rather an ancient custom which evolved in the Far East cultures on ethical or religious
grounds.
In today’s world, it has been undertaken by many followers who for a variety of reasons believe the
vegetarian diet more preferable to that containing meat. For example, there’s the theory that animal
meat wasn’t originally a component of the staple human diet as mankind evolved from foragers
who later _______________ (4) a taste for flesh. Hence, our primeval ancestors are alleged to have
had a substantial _______________ (5) of proteins and vitamins from natural vegetation rather than
from the meat of hunted game. What’s more, human teeth don’t _______________ (6) much
resemblance to those of animal carnivores, and neither is our digestive system equivalent to the
meat eaters’ one.
Apart from the enforced vegetarianism of underdeveloped communities where populations deprived
of animal protein _______________ (7) the natural vegetation, there’s a rising acceptance of the
vegetarian diet which _______________ (8) to be regarded as an eccentricity. Abstention from
animal food, be it for religious, economic or humanitarian reasons, has been a quickly spreading
custom as, surprisingly, the vegetarian diet needn’t be dull or deficient. Yet, it does involve taking
good _______________ (9) to supply the body with a sufficient quantity of nutrients
_______________ (10) from corn, seeds and cereals.
A. prefer B. opt C. select D. favour
A. judge B. weigh C. confer D. survey
A. nutrients B. foods C. cuisines D. condiments
A. generated B. acquired C. instituted D. accustomed
A. output B. offset C. upturn D. intake
A. infer B. assume C. bear D. pertain
A. play down on B. come in for C. fall back on D. get on for
A. terminates B. ceases C. concludes D. finished
A. precautions B. resolutions C. proceeds D. measurements
A. comprising B. deriving C. procuring D. providing

Your answer
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Part 2: Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Write your
answer in corresponding numbered spaces. (10 pts)
 A new study from Australia suggests that couch potatoes live shorter lives. The study
followed 8,800 adults (1) ___________________ 25 and older for six and a half years and found
that each daily hour of television viewing was (2) ___________________ with an 18 percent
increase in deaths from heart disease and an 11 percent increase in overall mortality. Those who
watched television four hours or more per day were 80 percent more likely to die of cardiovascular
disease than those who watched two hours or less, and 46 percent more likely to die of any cause.
And it did not (3) ___________________ whether they were overweight, according to the study,
which appeared Jan 11th in the online (4) ___________________of Circulation: Journal of the
American Heart Association.
Although it is possible that people who were already ill watched more television than those who
were healthy, the researchers tried to rule that (5) ___________________ by excluding subjects
who already had heart disease and by adjusting for differences in risk (6) ___________________
like diet and smoking. While the benefits of physical activity have been well studied, there is
growing interest (7) ___________________ researchers in assessing the effects of being sedentary.
“For many people, on a daily (8) ___, they simply shift from one chair to another-from the chair in
the car to the chair in the office to the chair in front of the television.” said the study’s lead author,
David Dunstan of the baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute in Victoria, Australia. “(9)
___________________ if someone has a healthy body weight, sitting for long periods still has an
unhealthy (10) ___________________ on blood sugar and blood fats”.
Your answer
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Part 3: Read the following passage and choose the best answer A, B, C, or D to each question.
There is one kind of pain for which nobody has yet found a cure – the pain that comes from
the ending of a relationship. The relationship could be a marriage, a love affair or a deep friendship,
in fact, any strong emotional tie between people. Such a relationship may come to an abrupt but
premeditated end or it may simply fade away slowly as people and circumstances change. You may
be the one to “break it off”, with a short note or a brief phone call. Or you may be on the receiving
end, like the soldier who dreads getting a “Dear John” letter from a girlfriend who has got tired of
waiting. But however it ended and whoever decided to end it, the pain is equally hard to bear. It is a
sort of death, and it requires the same period of mourning, the same time for grief.
Although there is no cure for grief, we cannot help looking for one, to ease the pain and to
make us forget our tears. We seek refuge in other relationships, we keep ourselves busy with work,
we try to immerse ourselves in our hobbies. Perhaps we start to drink more than we should to drown
our sorrows or we follow the conventional advice and join a club or society. But these things only
relieve the symptoms of the illness, they cannot cure for it. Moreover, we are always in a hurry to
get rid of our grief. It is as if we were ashamed of it. We feel that we should be able to “pull
ourselves together”. We try to convince ourselves, as we bite on the pillow, that we are much too
old to be crying. Some people bury their grief deep inside themselves, so that nobody will guess
what they are going through. Others seek relief by pouring their hearts out to their friends, or to
anyone else who can offer a sympathetic shoulder to cry on. But after a while, even our friends start
to show their impatience, and suggest with their reproachful glances that it is about time we stopped
crying. They, too, are in a hurry for the thing to be over.
It is not easy to explain why we adopt this attitude to emotional pain, when we would never
expect anyone to overcome physical pain simply by an effort of will power. Part of the answer must
lie in the nature of grief itself. When the love affair dies, you cannot believe that you will ever find
another person to replace the one who has gone so completely out of your life. Even after many,
many months, when you think that you have begun to learn to live without your lost love,
something-a familiar place, a snatch of music, a whiff of perfume- will suddenly bring the bitter –
sweet memories flooding back. You choke back the tears and the desperate, almost angry, feeling
that you are no better now than the day the affair ended.
And yet, grief is like an illness that must run its course. Memories do fade eventually, a
healing skin does start to grow over the wound, the intervals between sudden glimpses of the love
you have lost do get longer. Bit by bit, life resumes the normal flow. Such is the complexity of
human nature that we can even start to feel guilty as these things start to happen, as if it were an
insult to our lost love that we can begin to forget at all.
The important thing to admit about grief, then, is that it will take its time. By trying to
convince ourselves that it ought to be over sooner, we create an additional tension which can only
make things worse. People who have gone through the agony of a broken relationship – and there
are few who have not- agree that time is the “greater healer”. How much time is needed will vary
from person to person, but psychiatrists have “a rule of thumb”: grief will last as long as the original
relationship lasted. The sad thing is that, when the breakdown occurs, we can only stumble over the
stories beneath our feet. It is dark ahead, and you will feel painfully many times before we begin to
see the light at the end of the tunnel.
(source: CAE)
1. Psychiatrists tell you that grief will last as long as the original relationship. This calculation is
………
A. based on a deep understanding of human nature
B. generally true but with many exceptions
C. the result of scientific research
D. no more than a hopeful guesses
2. Relationships often come to an end because ………
A. people do not realize the pain they can B. very few people really know how to love
cause
C. the feeling of the people were not very D. people do not always stay the same
deep
3. You tell your friends about your unhappiness because ………
A. you want them to feel sorry for you
B. you hope it will make you feel better
C. you want them to hear the story from you
D. you feel sure that they have had similar experiences
4. If you seek advice on what to do about a broken relationship, you will probably be told to ………
A. keep busy at work B. find someone else
C. pull yourself together (use your will D. join a club
power)
5. When your friends get tired of listening to you they will ………
A. tell you to pull yourself together
B. try to avoid your company
C. show by their expressions that they have had enough
D. help you to get over your grief
6. Often we are ashamed when we cry because ………
A. only children and babies cry
B. we are worried about what others will think of us
C. we do not expect our unhappiness to last so long
D. we think it is a childish thing to do
7. Memories continue to upset you, and this makes you feel that you ………
A. will never get over your grief B. have no will power
C. are utterly alone D. have made no progress at all
8. If we try to recover too quickly from grief, we shall make ourselves ………
A. nervous B. tense C. ill D. unpopular
9. We are upset by reminders of our lost love because they come so ………
A. unexpectedly B. rapidly C. frequently D. rarely
10. One way to get over a broken relationship is to ………
A. try to forget the other person B. write a “Dear John” letter
C. make a brief phone call D. form new relationships
Your answer:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Part 4. Read the following passage and do the tasks that follow. (20 pts)
What’s in Blood?
A Blood is the most specialized fluid within living animals, playing an absolutely critical role.
It symbolizes (‘new blood’), health (‘get your blood running’), personality (‘good or bad blood’),
and family (‘your bloodline’). This red fluid itself is something which most people would rather not
see, yet it contains such a complex soup of proteins, sugars, ions, hormones, gases, and basic
cellular components that it is certainly worth considering in some detail.
B By volume, half of blood is the liquid part, called plasma. The rest comprises specialized
components, the main one being red blood cells (technically known as erythrocytes). These
transport oxygen molecules throughout the body, and also give blood its colour (from the
hemoglobin protein within, which turns red when combined with oxygen). Red blood cells, as with
all cells in the human body, have a limited operating life. They are produced within the marrow of
bones, principally the larger ones, and live for about four months before they fall inactive, to be
then reabsorbed by the spleen and liver, with waste products absorbed into the urine.
C This contrasts with the other main cells of human blood: the white blood cells, technically
known as leukocytes. Similarly produced in the bone marrow, they are active only for three or four
days, yet they are essential in defending the body against infections. White blood cells come in
many different types, each designed to deal with a different sort of invader bacteria, virus, fungus,
or parasite. When one of these enters the body, the white blood cells quickly determine its nature,
then, after mustering sufficient numbers of a specific type (the period in which you are sick), they
launch themselves into the fight, enveloping each individual invasive cell, and breaking it down
(leading to recovery)
D That leaves the last main component of blood: platelets. Their technical name is
thrombocytes, and they are much smaller than red and white blood cells. Also circulating freely,
they are responsible for clotting the blood, and this is necessary to heal both external and internal
injuries. Again, they are produced in the bone marrow, and have the interesting ability to change
shape. There are several diseases related to the breakdown in the regulation of their numbers. If too
low, excessive bleeding can occur, yet if too high, internal clotting may result, causing potentially
catastrophic blockages in parts of the body and medical ailments we know as strokes, heart attacks,
and embolisms.
E Blood’s complexity presents particular difficulties in the advent of emergency transfusions.
These are avoided whenever possible in order to lower the risk of reactions due to blood
incompatibility. Unexpected antigens can trigger antibodies to attack blood components, with
potentially lethal results. Thus, if transfusions are to take place, a thorough knowledge and
classification of blood is essential, yet with 30 recognized blood-group systems, containing
hundreds of antigens, this presents quite a challenge. The ABO system is the most important. On
top of this is the Rhesus factor, which is not as simple as positive or negative (as most people
think), but comprises scores of antigens. These can, however, be clustered together into groups
which cause similar responses, creating some order.
F Of course, the simplest system to avoid adverse transfusion reactions is for patients to receive
their own blood – for example, in a series of blood donations in anticipation of an operation
scheduled some months in advance. The second best system is to undertake cross-matching, which
involves simply mixing samples of the patients’ blood with the donors’, then checking
microscopically for clumping – a key sign of incompatibility. Both of these systems are obviously
impractical in an emergency situation, which is why meticulous testing, documentation, and
labeling of blood are necessary.
G In a true emergency, a blood bank is needed, with an array of various types of blood on hand.
Hence, blood donations must be a regular occurrence among a significant segment of the
population. In the developed world, unpaid volunteers provide most of the blood for the
community, whereas in less developed nations, families or friends are mostly involved. In the era of
HIV and other insidious blood – borne diseases, potential donors are carefully screened and tested,
and a period of about two months is recommended before successive whole blood donations.
H Given the vital role which blood plays, it is strange to think that for almost 2000 years
bloodletting was a widespread medical practice. It was based on the belief that blood carried
‘humours’, whose imbalances resulted in medical illnesses. Bleeding a patient was supposed to
remove an undesirable excess of one of these. Furthermore, the fact that blood circulated around the
body was unknown. It was instead assumed to be quickly created, and equally quickly exhausted of
its value, after which it could stagnant unhealthily in the bodily extremities. Although the logic was
there, it goes without saying that very few patients responded positively to such treatment.
(SOURCE: IELTS TEST PRACTICE BOOK)
Questions 1-8
The Reading has eights paragraphs, A-H. Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the
list of headings below.
LIST OF HEADINGS
i Not as big, but needing just enough
ii Some attitudes to blood
iii Good, but not so quick
iv Two ideas see a wrong conclusion
v Complicated identification
vi An interesting treatment
vii A shorter life, but just as important
viii The principal part that adds some colour
ix Bone marrow and blood
x Maintaining supplies

1. Paragraph A ……………
2. Paragraph B ……………
3. Paragraph C ……………
4. Paragraph D ……………
5. Paragraph E ……………
6. Paragraph F ……………
7. Paragraph G ……………
8. Paragraph H ……………
Your answer:
 1. Paragraph 2. Paragraph 3. Paragraph 4. Paragraph
A _____ B _____ C _____ D _____
5. Paragraph 6. Paragraph F 7. Paragraph 8. Paragraph
E _____ _____ G _____ H _____

Questions 9-12: Complete the table

Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer
Blood Component Associated Fact
Red cells Upon dying, dealt with by
(9)_____________
White cells Require (10)______________before
attacking invaders
Platelets Their numbers need careful
(11)______________
(12)__________________ Many varieties exist

Your answer:
9. 10. 11. 12.