PE 4 – Teams Sports

Learner’s Module

By: Percy A. Sacyafen

Overview/Introduction

The Importance of Sports in Education

Anyone who wishes to pursue a career in sports should first focus on his/her academics and
make it a strong base. In sports or academics it is very important to be aware of the 3D’s of
life which are Dedication, Devotion and Determination.
So, when a school focuses on variety of enriching activities it helps students to develop skills
unknown to them and helps them to understand their career focus.

Gone are the days when the life of a student used to be stress free and the only worry
involved was to perform better in exams which would judge the learning parameters of the
student. More importance was given to the exam grades and very less to skill development or
extra-curricular activities. But the concept of education has changed drastically over a period
of time where more focus is given now towards a holistic development of students. These days
schools are equally focusing on extra-curricular activities and sports apart from academics to
make students all-rounders.

Sports plays an important role in educating students as it teaches them to become strong
from inside and also develop a fit and sound body. Combining sports in education can help
students to develop a self-motivating spirit to do things on their own and having ownership
of these. Being actively involved in sports can help students relax from their daily routine of
learning course syllabus and lessen the exam stress as well. It is a great medium to keep the
mind, body and soul in sync and maintain a balance between work and play. Day to day
practice in sports can help students imbibe leadership skills. Qualities like tolerance, patience
and tips to handle pressure is well taught by sports. It also teaches the value of team spirit
and proficiency to share victory and defeat.

Sports education has direct impact on maintaining the child’s health and increasing their
physical stamina. One of the most important things that are required in sports is the discipline,
which has been derived from the word disciple – follower of a learned teacher. Having
coaching in sports helps develop obedience, self-confidence and the ability to determine
winning or losing with extreme will power.

II. Learning Content

● What is sports/teams sports

● Importance /benefits of Teams sports
● Types of Teams sports
● History of Teams sports
● Facilities/Equipment use in Teams Sports
● Basic skills Teams sports
● Rules of teams sports
● Officiating officials in Teams sports
III. Course Outcomes

At the end of this module, you should be able to:

● Identify the types of teams sports.

● Define terminologies related teams sport
● Illustrate the layout and standard playing area and its dimensions.
● Acquire knowledge on the history, facilities, equipment, terminologies, basic rules and
strategies of the games.

PART IV: Discussion

HISTORY OF BASKETBALL

James Naismith introduced basketball on December, 1891. He was a Physical Education Instructor
at Springfield College in Springfield Massachusetts, USA. Luther Gulick, Head of the Physical Education
Department, asked Naismith to create a team sports that could be played indoors during winter.

Finally, after much thinking, he came up with a great idea for an indoor game. He got two peach
baskets and attached them to a balcony at the opposite ends of the gym (3 meters above the floor). There
were eighteen people in his class, so he divided them up into two groups with nine players on each team.
Of course, they couldn't play the game without a ball, so he chose a ball that he had on hand: a soccer ball.
When the first game began, the players started passing the ball around and one boy threw the ball in the
basket. He scored and his team got the first three points

But even though the game was fun to play, there were some problems that they had to solve. For
example, whenever the players would throw the ball into the basket, they couldn't get it down without
climbing up a ladder. So, they decided to cut holes in the bottom of the baskets for the ball to fall through.
This helped them play faster. They used these peach baskets until 1906 when they were finally replaced by
metal hoops with backboards.

Naismith evolved 5 basic principles when he created the game.

1. The game is played with round ball and with hands.

2. A player cannot run with the ball.
3. Any player can take up any position on the playing court at any time.
4. There shall be no physical contact between players.
5. The goal/basket shall be placed horizontally above the floor of the court.
After the experimental game, Naismith drafted the original 13 rules of the game. The rules were
published in Triangle Magazine on January 15, 1892, under the title “A NEW GAME” The sports
immediately caught on. Soon basketball was being played by YMCA teams, secondary schools, college
teams, as well as professionals.

Time line of the development of Basketball.

1904 – Saint Louis, USA Olympic Games, Basketball was demonstrated.

1910 - Basketball was first introduced to the Philippine public school system by the Americans as a
women's sport and was played in interscholastic meets in 1911 until 1913.

1936 – Berlin, Germany Olympics Games Basketball became an official sports events
 * The Basketball Association of the Philippines (BAP) joined the International Basketball governing
body, Federation Internationale de basketball amateur (FIBA)

*The Philippines participated in the first official Olympic Games Basketball Tournament held at
Berlin, Germany. The national team finished 5th with a 4-1win-loss record. The national team beat
Mexico (32-30), Estonia (39-22), Italy (32-14) and Uruguay (33-23), and losing only to eventual
champion Team USA (23-56).

Definitions:

Basketball – is game played by two teams of five players each? The aim of each team is to
score into the opponent’s basket and to prevent the other team from scoring.

Basket: Own/Opponent’s

The Basket that is attacked by a team is the opponent’s basket and the basket that
defended by a team is the team’s own basket.

Court and Dimensions

Playing court – it shall be rectangular, flat, hard surface and at least two meters from any
obstructions.
- The dimensions shall be 28 meters in length and 15 meters in width.
Lines, lanes, Areas of the Playing court

a. boundary line- the playing court is limited by line, consisting of the end line and the
side line.

b. center line – drawn parallel to the end line from the mid-point of the sideline and shall
extend 15 cm. beyond each sideline. It divides the playing court into two equal court.
Front court – area of the court between the center line and the opponent’s basket.

Back court – area of the court between the center line and the team’s own basket.

c. center circle – marked at the center of the court with a radius of 1.80 meters and
measures 3.60 meters.

d. three point field goal area – it is the entire floor area of the playing court except for the
area near the opponent’s basket limited by a semi-circle of 6.75 meters
from the exact center of the basket.
e. free throw line – drawn parallel to the each end line. It shall have its furthest edge
5.50meters from the inner edge of the end line.
f. restricted areas – shall be the floor areas marked on the court limited by the end line, the
free throw line, and the lines originated in the end line. (Shaded area).
g. free throw rebound places along the restricted areas – reserved for players during
free throws.
h. bench area – marked outside the playing court on the same side as the scorer’s table
limited by two lines.

Equipment/Facilities

a. basket – it shall comprise the ring and the net.

Ring – it is made of solid steel with an inside diameter of 45 cm. painted with orange.

Net – shall be a white cord suspended from the ring and shall not be less than 40 cm. and not more
than 45 cm.

b. basketball – shall be spherical in shape, the outer

surface is made of leather, rubber and synthetic leather.

Circumference (size) – not less than 74.9 cm and not more than 78 cm

Weight – not less than 567 g. and not more than 650 g.
c. backboard – it is constructed with transparent material (fiber glass) non- transparent material
(hardwood). The dimensions shall be 1.80 meters horizontally and 1.05 meters vertically.

d. technical equipment

1. game clock- used for timing periods of play and the intervals between them.
2. stop watch- used for timing time outs.
3. signal- indicates end of a period or extra period.
4. 24 second device- used for timing a team in control of a live ball on the court.
5. score sheets- it is where records about the game is recorded.
6. scoreboard- it is clearly visible to everyone involved in the game, it display the score.
7. player foul marker- it indicates the player’s personal foul.
8. team foul marker- it indicate that a team is in penalty situations
9. alternating possession arrow-method of causing the ball to become alive with a throw-in rather than a
jump ball.
Basic Skills

1. Passing – the most important skill because a team can

only shot when it has the possession of the ball.

Kinds of Passing

a. chest pass
b. hook pass
c. bounce pass
d. baseball pass

Chest pass
 Baseball pass
Bounce pass
Hook pass

2. Shooting – determines the outcome of the game, combine the body balance, finger control, stance, and
follow through.

Kinds of Shooting

a. chest shot d. jump shot

b. hook shot e. lay-up shot
c. set shot/push shot f. dunk shoot

Lay-up shot
 Dunk shot

Jump shot

3. Dribbling – used to gain distance, the combination of running and bouncing the ball.
4. Rebounding- attempting to recover a missed shot from the basket/goal.

Types of Rebounding

a. offensive rebound- ball is recovered by the same team

b. defensive rebound- ball is recovered by the other team

5. Receiving/Catching – ball should be caught in both hands, the body should be in line with oncoming ball.
receiver should be moving towards the ball when making a catch, hands should be relaxed.

Simplified Rules

1. Playing time - game shall consist of 4 periods (quarters) of 10 minutes each. There will be intervals
of two minutes between the first and second period, between the third and fourth period and
before extra period (overtime). The half time interval is always 15 minutes.
2. Charged time-out – the duration of time-out is always one minute. Five time-outs may be granted
to each team during the normal playing time, two time-outs may be granted at any time during the
first half (1st and 2nd periods/quarter) and three time-outs may be granted any time during the
second half (3rd and 4th period/quarter) one time-out may be granted at any time during each
period of extra time, unused time-outs may not be carried to the next half-time or extra period.
3. Beginning of the game- the game shall be started by a jump ball.
a. Jump ball- takes place when the officials toss the ball between two opposing players during
the first period only.
b. Alternating possession rule is method of putting the ball in play with throw-in shall be
indicated by the alternating arrow. The direction of the arrow is reversed immediately when
the alternating possession throw-in ends.
4. Goal when made and its value. A goal is made when a live ball enters the basket from above and
remains within or passes through.
a. Free throw- one point
b. Beyond the three point line- three points
c. Field goal (near the basket)- two points
5. Teams- shall consists of 10 or 12 players eligible to play, coach, assistant coach, a captain who shall
be on of the team members entitled to play and a maximum of 5 team followers (manager, doctor,
statistician, interpreter …) A player who committed his 5 fouls becomes a team follower.
 a. Player- member of the team who is on the court and entitled to play.
b. Substitute- member of the team who is not on the court and not entitled to play
c. A substitute becomes a player when the official beckons him to the court.
d. A player becomes substitute when he leaves the court authorized by the rule.
6. Infraction of rules
Foul - is an infraction of rules involving personal contact with an opponent or unsportsmanlike
behaviour.

Kinds of Personal foul

1. Blocking 4. Holding
2. Charging 5. Illegal used of hands
3. Illegal guarding from the rear 6. Pushing
Violation- is an infraction of the rules, the penalty for which is the loss of the ball

Kinds of Violation

1. Traveling
2. Three second
3. Eight second
4. Twenty four seconds
5. 5 seconds violation
a. Closely guarded player
b. Free throws
c. Throw-in
6. Ball returned to the backcourt
7. Double dribble
8. Stepping
Officials, Table officials and the commissioner and their duties

● The officials shall be a referee and an umpire, they shall be assisted by the table officials and by a
commissioner, if present
● The table officials shall be the scorer, an assistant scorer, a timekeeper and a 24 second operator.
● A commissioner shall sit between the scorer and the timekeeper, his duty is to supervise the work
of the table officials and to assist the referee and the umpire.
Duties and Power of the Referee

1. Inspect and approve all equipment to use during the game.

2. Shall not permit any player to wear objects which may cause injury.
3. Administer a jump ball at center circle.
Duties of the Scorer

1. Keep record of the names and numbers of the player who are to start the game and all substitutes
who enter the game.
2. Keep running summary of points scored and record the field goals and the free throws made.
3. Record the personal and technical fouls charged against each layer. Notify the officials immediately
when a 5th foul is charged against any player, records the technical fouls charged against each
coach and must notify an official immediately when the coach is disqualified and must leave the
game.
Duties of the Assistant Scorer

1. Operate the scoreboard and assist the scorer.

Duties of the Timekeeper
 1. Keep record of paying time and time of stoppage.
2. Notify the teams and the officials at least 3 minutes before the first and third period is to start.
Duties of the 24 Second Operator

1. Shall be provided with a 24 second device and operate it.

2. Started or restarted as soon as a layer gains control of a live ball on the court.
Duties of the Captain

1. Represents his team on the court

2. Communicate with the officials during the game to obtain information. This will be done in a
courteous manner and only when the ball is dead and the game clock is stopped.
3. May act as coach
Duties of the Coach or Assistant Coach

1. Representatives of the team who may communicate with the table officials during the game to
obtain statistical information. This shall be done in a courteous manner, only when the ball is dead
and the game clock has stopped.
2. Shall give the scorer a list with the names and corresponding numbers of the team members who
are eligible to play in the game at least 20 minutes before the game.
3. They are permitted to make request for a charged time out.