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    Fundamentals of Computer 1

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    Holsworth Wilson
    A computer accepts and processes data to produce information that can be stored. There are different types of computers including mainframes, minicomputers, and microcomputers. Computers have advantages like high speed, accuracy, and large storage capacity but also disadvantages such as potential health risks and time wasted. Computer components include input devices like keyboards and mice, output devices like monitors and printers, and storage media like flash drives, CDs, and DVDs.

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    Fundamentals of Computer 1

    Uploaded by

    Holsworth Wilson
    193 views4 pages
    A computer accepts and processes data to produce information that can be stored. There are different types of computers including mainframes, minicomputers, and microcomputers. Computers have advantages like high speed, accuracy, and large storage capacity but also disadvantages such as potential health risks and time wasted. Computer components include input devices like keyboards and mice, output devices like monitors and printers, and storage media like flash drives, CDs, and DVDs.

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    A computer accepts and processes data to produce information that can be stored. There are different types of computers including mainframes, minicomputers, and microcomputers. Computers have advantages like high speed, accuracy, and large storage capacity but also disadvantages such as potential health risks and time wasted. Computer components include input devices like keyboards and mice, output devices like monitors and printers, and storage media like flash drives, CDs, and DVDs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    193 views4 pages

    Fundamentals of Computer 1

    Uploaded by

    Holsworth Wilson
    A computer accepts and processes data to produce information that can be stored. There are different types of computers including mainframes, minicomputers, and microcomputers. Computers have advantages like high speed, accuracy, and large storage capacity but also disadvantages such as potential health risks and time wasted. Computer components include input devices like keyboards and mice, output devices like monitors and printers, and storage media like flash drives, CDs, and DVDs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    Fundamentals of Computer

    A computer is an electronic machine or device that accepts and processes data to produce information which
    can be stored for later use

    Types of computers
    These include: Mainframe, Minicomputer, Microcomputers including laptop, desktop, tablet palmtop and other
    current devices.

    Advantages and disadvantages of computer usage

    Advantages
    High Speed In Work
    A computer is a high speed working electronic machine. Computers work with an incredible speed much than
    humans. It has the ability to process a lot of complex calculations and commands in microseconds or even
    in nanoseconds simultaneously.
    Accuracy
    One of the root advantage of computer is that can perform not only calculations but also with accuracy.
    Storage Capability
    Computer memory has much more storage capacity than humans which can be reduced or increase as per our
    need at any time. We are not able to store audio, video, image, text, etc. in our memory unlimited but this can be
    stored inside the computer.
    Reliability
    Computers can perform same sort of work repeatedly without throwing up errors or tiredness or boredom,
    which are quite common among humans.

    Disadvantages
    Time Consuming
    A lot of time is wasted in front of the computer by watching videos and playing games if a person starts using it
    without stopping.
    Lack of Intelligence
    The Computer does not have intelligence that much. Yes, AI (Artificial Intelligence) is developing well. But
    still, they follow the instructions and take the decisions given by us.
    Health risks
    Research has shown that excessive computer use can result in several medical problems, including back pain,
    eyestrain, obesity, carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and repetitive strain injury (RSI). However, with
    good ergonomic practices, many of these health risks could be reduced or removed.
    Components of a Computer

    Input Devices;
    An input device is any hardware component that allows the user to enter data, programs, commands
    and user responses into a computer.

    Keyboard
    This is the most commonly used input device, it has keys that are pressed to type text and other characters
    into the computer.

    Mouse
    The mouse is a pointing device. You use it to move a graphical pointer on the screen. The mouse can be used
    to issue commands, draw, and perform other types of input tasks. It controls the position of a pointer on the
    screen and is used for making selections

    Touch Screen
    Touch-screen systems accept input directly through the monitor. Touch screens use sensors to detect the
    touch of a finger.

    Barcode Reader
    Bar code readers can read bar codes—patterns of printed bars to identify the product.

    Optical Character Reader


    The primary purpose of OCR is to eliminate the need to re-encode a document that has already been printed.
    OCR takes an image of a printed document, attempts to recognize all the characters on a page, then string the
    characters together into an editable document that can then be edited in a word processor and mostly
    resembles the original document.
    Optical Mark Reader
    Optical mark recognition (also called optical mark reader and OMR) is used for capturing human-marked data
    from document forms such as surveys and tests. They are used to read questionnaires, multiple choice
    examination papers in the form of lines or shaded areas.

    Microphone
    Microphones can accept auditory input.

    Document Scanner
    A document scanner is a device, which converts a document or text from its paper form into digital data.

    Digital Camera
    Digital camera allows you to take pictures and store the photograph image digitally, instead of on traditional
    film; these photos can then be transferred to the computer system.

    Web cam And Graphics Tablet

    Output devices;
    Output device is any hardware component that can convey information to a user from the computer.

    Printer
    A printer is an output device that generates text and graphics on a physical medium like paper. Prints are also
    referred to as hard copies as the data are physically accessible and are a more permanent output type than the
    one displayed in the VDU (Visual Display Unit).

    Printers may be divided into impact printers and non-impact printers.


    An impact printer forms characters and images on a piece of paper by hitting an ink ribbon mechanism that
    contacts the paper physically.
    A non-impact printer forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper without hitting the paper.

    Types of Printers
     Line – prints one line at a time.
     Page - prints one page at a time.
     Laser, inkjet, dot matrix

    Monitors
    The computer monitor (also know as a VDU or Visual Display Unit) is the most common computer output
    device. A monitor has a screen on which words, numbers, and graphics can be seen.

    Speakers
    A speaker gives you sound output from your computer to an audience. Some speakers are built into the
    computer and some are separate.

    Multimedia Projector
    Multimedia projector is a device that takes the image from a computer and projects it onto a large screen so an
    audience of people can see the image clearly.
    Storage media
    CD-ROM
    CD-ROM stands for Compact Disk - Read Only Memory. They are optical disks that use the same technology
    as musical compact disks. They store up to 700 Mb of data and a laser beam is used to read the data off the
    disk.
    Data is written onto the CD-ROM disk before it is sold and cannot be changed by the user. As CD-ROMs can
    store large amounts of data, they can be used for multimedia applications such as encyclopaedias, and can store
    pictures, sounds and video clips.

    DVD
    DVD stands for Digital Versatile Disk. There are several formats on the market, the more expensive ones being
    recordable like CDs. They are the same size as CDs, but hold much more data - a single sided, single layer disc
    can hold up to 4.7 gigabytes with a dual layer disc holding 8.4 gigabytes. Now DVDs are commonly used for
    video recordings, so you will often see them measured in minutes e.g. 4.7Gb = 120 minutes.

    Flashdrive/Memory sticks
    A memory stick is a small 'pen top' sized device that holds a large amount of memory - from 512Mb to 1Gb
    upwards depending on the price paid. This is inserted into the USB port - it is then seen by the computer as a
    removable disk.

    Memory card
    A memory card is a type of storage device that is used for storing media and data files. It provides a permanent
    and non-volatile medium to store data and files from the attached device. Memory cards are commonly used in
    small, portable devices, such as cameras and phones.
    A memory card is also known as a flash card.

    Floppy Disk, Hard Disk

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