CABLE NET AND TENSILE

STRUCTURE
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
CABLE STRUCTURE:
A CABLE IS A FLEXIBLE STRUCTURAL NO RESISTANCE WHEN COMPRESSED OR BENT IN A
SHAPE, WE CAN SAY CABLE HAS ZERO BENDING RIGIDITY.

IT CAN ONLY SUPPORT TENSILE LOADING.

IT IS MADE OF A SERIES OF SMALL STRANDS

TWISTED OR BOUNDED TOGETHER TO FORM A
MUCH LARGE CABLE

A CABLE IS THE MAIN COMPONENT OF CABLE

SUPPORTED BRIDGE OR SUSPENDED ROOF
STRUCTURE.
TYPES:

SUSPENSION TYPE CABLES.

STAYED TYPE CABLE.

SUSPENSION TYPE CABLE:
A suspension bridge is a type of bridge in which
The deck is hung below suspension cables on
Vertical suspenders.

The main type of force in a suspension bridge are

Tension in cables and compression in the pillars.

The main cables continue beyond the pillars to deck-level supports, and
Further continue to connections with anchors
in the ground.

The roadway is supported by vertically suspender

Cables or rods,called hangers.
Mechanism:

assumptions:
Cables are pure tension members.
Used as:
1.supports to suspension roofs.
2.suspension bridges.
3.trolley wheels.
self weight of cable is neglected in analysis of above structure.
When used as cables for antennas or transmission lines, weight is considerd
Suspension type of cables:
Advantages Disadvantages
They have an elegant look. Flexibility disadvantages during the
strong earthquakes.
They can be very thin and therefore
less visible. When build in soft ground suspension
Bridges require extensive foundation
Suspension bridges have a high
work to combat the effects of heavy
strength to weight ratio.
load on foundation towers.
They require little access from below
when heavy ,concentrated loads are
aiding construction.
involved.suspension bridges are not
generally used for regional rail
crossings that carry maximum weight
loads
Cable-stayed bridges:
A cable-stayed bridge has one or more towers,from
Which cables support the bridge deck.
There are two major classes of cable-stayed bridges:
Harp and fan.
In the harp design,cables are nearly parallel so that the
Height of their attachment to tower is proportional to
The distance from the tower to their mounting on the deck.
In the fan design, the cables all connect to or pass over
The top of the towers. The fan design is structurally
Superior with minimum moment applied to the towers
But for practical reasons the modified fan is preferred especially where many
Are necessary.
Mechanism:

The tower are the primary load-bearing structures which transmits the bridge
Loads to the ground.
A cantilever approach is often used to support the bridge deck near the
Towers, but the lengths further from them are supported by cables running
Directly to the towers
By design all static horizontal forces of the cable-stayed bridge are balanced so
That the supporting towers do not tend to tilt or slide, needing only to resist
Horizontal forces from the live loads.
cable -stayed structure:

Advantages Disadvantages
It is in compression pulled towards It have maximum length to consider.
the tower , has to be stiff at all stages
construction and use. This design option can become
unstable in specific environments.
It requires less cables
It can be challenging to inspect and
Construction time is less repair.
Higher stiffness and display smaller It sometime to be susceptible to
deflections. rust or corrosion.
 comparison
Suspension bridge cable -stayed bridge
Normally limited to two towers. It can built with any number of
towers.
Requires more cables.
Less cables are required.
Construction timer is longer.
Construction time is less.
It possess less stiffness and display
larger deflections when compared It Possess higher stiffness and
with cable-stayed bridges. display smaller deflections when
compared with suspension bridge.
 Tensile structure:
A tensile structure is a construction of elements carrying
Only tension and no compression or bending.

Tensile structures are the most common

Type of thin-shell structure.

Most of the tensile structures are

Supported by some form of compression
Or bending elements such as masts,
Compression rings or beams.
 A tensile membrane structure is most often used
as a roof,as they can economically and attractively
span large distances.
Tensioned fabric structure:
A structure where exterior shell is a fabric material spread
Over a framework. The fabric is maintained in tension
In all directions to provide stability.

Tensile structures:
Tension roofs or canopies are those in which every
Part of the structure is loaded only in tension, with
No requirement to resist compression or bending
forces.
Types of tensile structure:
1. Anticlastic:
Surfaces are those in which the centres of
Curvature are located on opposing sides of the surface.

2. Synclastic:
The centre of the curvature are on the
Same side of the surface.

3.monoclastic:
Single curved surfaces,characterised by
Only bending in one direction at a time.
Types of fabric membranes:
Pvc: Silicon glass:

Less expensive
15 to 20 year life span High tensile strength
Easy to erect Brittle subject to damage from flexing
30 years life span

Ptfe

Similar to silicon glass

Less brittle
Thank you…..