Numericals Question Paper
Numericals Question Paper
6. If y=4 cos (x) – 6x then the percentage error in y is (given for x=0 if the error in x is 0.005)
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8. If f(x)is a polynomial of degree 3 and f(0)= -1, f(1)=5, f(2)=13, f(3)=36, f(4)=69 where
f(2) is not correct. find the error in f(2) and hence find the correct value of f(2)
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9. Classification of errors
Ans: Errors are normally classified in three categories: systematic errors, random errors, and
blunders.
10. What is inherent error, truncation error, rounding off error?
Ans: Inherent Error: Errors that are present in the data that are input to the model are inherent
errors. They are also called input errors.
Truncation Error: Truncation errors occur when an exact mathematical procedure is
approximated. When a numerical process is truncated after a finite number of iterations for
computational simplicity, truncation error arises.
Round off Error: Round off errors occur because computers have limited capacity to store
exact numbers. These errors can have cumulative effect in a numerical process.
11. Find the relative error in computation of x+y for x=11.75, y=7.23 having absolute errors
of x and y are 0.002 and 0.005 respectively.
Ans: 0.00037
12. Find the relative error in computation of x-y for x=9.05, y=6.56 having absolute errors of
x and y are 0.001 and 0.003 respectively.
Ans: 0.00034
x x0
u
14. In Newtons forward and backward interpolation formula the value of h lies
between
0<u<1; -1<u<0
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17. A real root of any equation f(x)=0 can be computed by _____ interpolation
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1 2 1
p x 3 x x 3 8 x 1 x 3 x 1 x
2 5 2
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20. The second order divided difference of f(x)= 1/x based on points x0 , x1, x2 is
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21. The second order divided difference of f(x)= 1/x2 based on points a,b,c is
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2 3
x
29. Find (1/ ( x 5)) , log f ( x) , (1/ ( x 5)) , , E
2 2
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x -1 0 1 2
f(x) 1 1 1 -3
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34. The degree of precision of trapezoidal, Simpson’s 1/3, Weddle’s rule are respectively
Ans: 1, 3, 6
dx
1
40. Evaluate 0 1 x using trapezoidal rule with n=5
2
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41. Simpson’s 1/3 rule gives exact result for a polynomial of degree
Ans: 2
x x holds if x 1, x [a, b]
1 1 1
in t his question x x or 2 1 or
[we know that for iteration method x x x 1 check
it for [0,1]]
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49. The rate of convergence of Bisection method, Iteration method, Newton-Raphson and
Regula Falsi method are respectively
Ans: Linear, Linear, Linear, Linear
52. e 3x 0 is a ____________equation.
x
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55. Write down advantage of Bisection, Fixed point iteration and Newton Raphson method
Ans: The bisection method is always convergent. Since the method brackets the root, the
method is guaranteed to converge.
Advantages of Newton-Raphson Method o One of the fastest convergences to the
root. o Converges on the root quadratic.
56. Write down disadvantage of Bisection, Fixed point iteration and Newton Raphson method
Ans: Slow Rate of Convergence
3
57. For evaluating 2 using Newton Raphson method, the iterative procedure
is_____________
Ans:
xn a
xn 1 1 2
2 xn
59. The iterative scheme converges to √a . then the rate of
convergence is___________
Ans:
1
f (a ) f (b)
1
64. The equation e 4 x 0 has a root between 4 and 5. Fixed point iteration with iteration
x 2
1 2x
e
2
xn xn2
xn 1 3
2 a a . then the rate of convergence
65. The iterative scheme converges to
is___________
Ans:
Ans:
xn 3a xn2
xn 1 6 2
8 xn a
66. The iterative scheme converges to √a . then the
rate of convergence is___________
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1 dx
67. Evaluate
1 x
0
using Simpson 1/3 rule
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68. The equation x3-5x2+4x-3=0 has one root near x=4 which is to be computed by the
following iterative scheme
3 ( k 4) xn 5 xn2 xn3
xn 1
k with x0 = 4 and k is integer. The value of k that gives
fastest convergence is____________
Ans:
xn 1 g xn
69. Suppose x0 is sufficiently close to 3. Which one of the following iteration
will converges to the fixed point x=3?
3 3 xn 2 2
xn 1 16 6 xn xn 1 x
xn xn 1 3 2 xn xn 2 d n 1 2
a b c
Ans:
1 a
xk 1 xk n 1
2 xk
70. An iteration to find the nth root of a positive number a is given by
.A value of n for which the iterative method fails to converge is___________
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1 3 1 1 1
f ( x )dx f af f 1
71. For what values of a, the quadrature formula
1 2 3 3 2 is
exact for polynomials of degree as high as possible?
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73. The second approximation of a root of x3+x-1=0 by iterative method taking x0 = 0.6
is_______
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77. The condition of partial pivoting process to solve system of linear equations by Gauss
elimination method is
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2
1 u12
3 4 2 l11 0 0 3
5 2 1 l21 l22 0 0 1 u23
2 3 a l l32 0 0 1
31 l32
80. If then value of a=
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86. A Runge-Kutta method for numerically solving the IVP y f ( x, y ); y ( x0 ) y0 is given
by (for h small)
y ( x h) y ( x) w1F1 ( x , y ) w2 F2 ( x, y )
F1 ( x, y ) hf ( x, y ); F2 ( x, y ) hf ( x ah, y bF1 )
The objective is to determine the constants w1 , w2 , a and b such that the above formula is
accurate to order 2 (i.e. the error is O(h3)). Which of the following is not correct set of
values for these constants?
w1 1/ 2, w2 1/ 2, a 1, b 1
1) a
w1 2, w2 1, a 1/ 2, b 1/ 2
2) b
w1 1/ 3, w2 2 / 3, a 3 / 4, b 3 / 4
3) c
[check if w1 w2 1, aw2 1/ 2 holds then this is correct set values otherwise not]
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dy
1 y, y (0) 0, h 0.1
87. Find y(0.2) by Euler’s method from the differential equation dx
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dy x y
, y (0) 2, h 0.5
88. Find y(1) by Euler’s method from the differential equation dx 2
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